US2060048A - Artificial filament manufacture and the like - Google Patents

Artificial filament manufacture and the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US2060048A
US2060048A US629909A US62990932A US2060048A US 2060048 A US2060048 A US 2060048A US 629909 A US629909 A US 629909A US 62990932 A US62990932 A US 62990932A US 2060048 A US2060048 A US 2060048A
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United States
Prior art keywords
filaments
cell
current
evaporative medium
spinning
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US629909A
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English (en)
Inventor
Dreyfus Henry
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Henry Dreyfuss Associates LLC
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Henry Dreyfuss Associates LLC
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/04—Dry spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/24—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
    • D01F2/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
    • D01F2/30—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate by the dry spinning process

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the production of artificial filaments, threads, ribbons, films and the like from solutions of cellulose acetate or other suitable spinning solutions, for example solutions of other esters of cellulose or of cellulose ethers or ether-esters.
  • the invention further includes introducing the whole of the evaporative medium in the vicinity of the jets or at some distance from the jet on the extrusion side thereof, and causing a part of such medium to proceed in the same direction .as the filaments and the remainder to proceed in the opposite direction, i. e. in counter-current to the direction of the filaments.
  • This modification is especially of value where the injector for the air or evaporative medium is below the level of the jet face in the case of downward spinning or above the level of the jet face in the case of upward spinning.
  • the distance from the jet .at which the medium is introduced may vary, for example, from half-an-inch to 3-6 inch-es or more, i. e. considerably nearer one end of the cell than the other or it may even be half the total run of the filaments in the spinning cell or chamber.
  • the relative proportions of additional evaporative medium and co-current of evaporative medium, or of the two currents of evaporative medium in the case of the modification, may be adjusted to any desired value.
  • the additional evaporative medium may be comparatively small in relation to the total quantity of evaporative medium employed or may comprise practically all the air proceeding through the cell, the co-current being constituted by a very slow current of air.
  • the volume proportions of the two currents may be varied considerably.
  • the volume of the current proceeding counter to the filaments is increased with increasing distance between the point of introduction of the medium and the jet.
  • the filaments may be drawn out by applying a tension operative directly from the spinning nozzle or by applying tension between any two points of their path. They may even be stretched outside the spinning cell. For facilitating a stretch outside the spinning cell, or in the later stages of drying inside the cell, the filaments may be caused to retain sufficient solvent or softening agent in any desired manner, for instance by incorporating in the spinning solution relatively high boiling solvents. Alternatively, the filaments proceeding from the cell or casing may be treated with suitable solvents or gelling agents for the cellulose derivative and the stretch suitably applied. In this connection reference is made broadly to U. S. application S. No. 378,684 filed July 16, 1929, which describes the application of such additional stretch to the filaments continuously with spinning.
  • Additional stretch may be applied to the filaments in the actual spinning cell, and in order to ensure that the whole of such additional stretch does not operate from the nozzle itself, as in the normal dry spinning processes, means may be adopted, such as those described in U. S. application S. Nos. 463,932 filed June 26, 1930, and 476,334 filed August 19, 1930, to prevent the whole of the stretch running back to the spinning nozzle itself.
  • Draw down from the spinning nozzle may be improved by pre-heating the spinning solution, for instance by the means described in U. S. application S. No. 375,151 filed July 1, 1929, or such heating may be applied for other purposes.
  • Figure l is a sectional elevation of apparatus according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a modification of the top of the cell shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 shows a further form of apparatus
  • Figure 4 is a view in section along the line 4-4 of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 shows a further modification of the apparatus
  • Figure 6 shows a modification of the apparatus shown in Figure 1.
  • a spinning cell In is provided with a supply pipe II for a spinning solution of cellulose acetate or other organic derivative of cellulose, which solution passes through a filter candle 2 to a spinning jet
  • the evaporative medium enters the cell through a perforated ring I! fed by a pipe l8, such medium being provided from a pressure header H! by way of suitable valve 28 or by any other convenient means.
  • the ring I! may be somewhat below the jet, as shown, or at the jet level or even somewhat higher.
  • Evaporative medium introduced through the ring I! passes down the cell and is drawn off by means of a draw-01f pipe 2
  • a flow gauge 24 may be connected to the pipe 2
  • a proportion of the evaporative medium entering by the ring H may pass upwardly and be drawn off through the pipe 25 into a header 26, similar control apparatus 26 and gauge 24 being provided as with the draw-off pipe 2
  • may be adjusted by means of the valves 23 and gauges 24 in connection with such draw-off pipes.
  • the number of holes on the upper and lower sides of the ring I! may vary in accordance with the quantity of air required to pass to the pipes 25 and 2
  • the filaments leaving the opening l6 may pass over a Wick 29 fed with suit able solvents or gelling agents for the cellulose acetate or other cellulose derivative of which the filaments consist.
  • the filaments softened by the solvent then proceed round two rollers 3
  • may be such that the filaments are stretchd within the cell.
  • the filaments proceed to the balloon guide 33 of a cap spinning device 34 by means of which they are twisted, and wound on a bobbin 35.
  • FIG 2 means are provided on an apparatus of the kind shown in Figure 1 for heating the spinning solution prior to extrusion in a manner described in U. S. application S. No. 375,151.
  • the spinning solution is fed from a header 45 by means of a pump 4! through a coiled pipe 42 contained in a bath &3, the bath 43 being heated by means of heating coils i l.
  • the pipe 42 proceeds to a filter candle 45 and thence by way of pipe 46 to the spinning jet I3, both filter 45 and pipe 46 being carefully insulated by means of lagging ll from the influences of the evaporative medium contained in the cell.
  • the filter candle 45 may be replaced by a candle 59 shown in dotted lines within the heated bath 43, the spinning solution then being heated as it passes through the filter.
  • FIG 3 means are shown for introducing additional evaporative medium into a co-current of evaporative medium passing in the same direction as the filaments.
  • the main current of evaporative medium enters by the pipe 48 and leaves by the draw-ofi pipe 2
  • the pipe 50 is pivoted at 52 in order that it may be swung out of the way to allow the jet E3 to be reached through the door 53 at the top of the cell.
  • a perforated diaphragm 55 is provided across the cell just below the level of the jet
  • further draw-01f means are provided at 53 just below the level of air nozzle 5
  • Means are shown in Figure 3 for stretching the filaments inside the cell, rods 69 being provided in and out of which the filaments pass, so that stretch which is applied by the roller 3! outside the cell is prevented from running back to the spinning jet l3 itself.
  • FIG. 5 A somewhat more simple form of apparatus is shown in Figure 5, wherein, as in Figure 3, the main current of evaporative medium enters the cell by the inlet 68 and leaves the cell by the draw-off pipe 2 5. Additional evaporative medium is introduced into this co-current by means of a perforated annular tube 62, symmetrically disposed round the filaments, and fed through a pipe 6i provided with a valve 28. The evaporative medium leaving the ring 62 impinges upon the filaments in the neighbourhood of the jet I3 and joins the main current of evaporative medium, passing down the cell and leaving with the main current by the draw-01f 2
  • 6 may be passed over a wick 23 and stretched by means similar to those in Figure 1.
  • Figure 6 shows a modification of the apparatus illustrated in Figure 1, wherein, however, the air is introduced by a perforated ring 63 fed by a pipe 6 3, the tube 63 being disposed about mid-way between the spinning jet l3 and the guide
  • the evaporative medium entering by the annular tube 63 leaves the cell by way of draW-ofi tubes 2
  • the proportion of evaporative medium passing upwardly to the draw-off 25 should be greater than in Figure 1 in View of the fact that a greater length of filaments I4 lies above the ring 63.
  • the adjustment of the proportion of evaporative medium passing upwards may be effected as in Figure 1 by means of a control apparatus in connection with the draw-off tubes 2
  • Process for the production of artificial filaments, threads, yarns, straws, ribbons and the like by the dry or evaporative method which comprises setting up a current of evaporative medium, extruding a dry spinning solution containing a volatile solvent, causing the extruded products to pass through said current in the direction of flow thereof and introducing into said current at a point along the path of the extruded products an additional flow of evaporative medium, said additional fiow of evaporative medium flowing in the direction of the extruded products.
  • Process for the production of artificial filaments, threads, yarns, straws, ribbons and the like by the dry or evaporative method which comprises setting up a current of evaporative medium, extruding a dry spinning solution containing a volatile solvent, causing the extruded products to pass through said current in the direction of flow thereof, introducing into said current at a point along and to one side of the path of the extruded products an additional flow of evaporative medium, and withdrawing a part of the evaporative medium at a point opposite the point of introduction of the additional evaporative medi- 3.
  • Process for the production of artificial filaments, threads, yarns, straws, ribbons and the like by the dry or evaporative method which comprises setting up a current of evaporative medium, extruding a dry spinning solution containing a volatile solvent, causing the extruded products to enter and pass through said current in the direction of flow thereof and substantially at the point of entry of said products introducing an additional flow of evaporative medium along the path of said products in the opposite direction thereto.
  • Process for the production of artificial filaments, threads, yarns, straws, ribbons and the like by the dry or evaporative method which comprises setting up a current of evaporative medium, extruding a dry spinning solution containing a volatile solvent, causing the extruded products to enter said current at a point near the point of extrusion and to pass through said current in the direction of flow thereof, introducing an additional flow of evaporative medium at substantially said point of entry and causing said additional flow to fiow in a direction opposite to the direction of extrusion.
  • Process for the production of artificial filaments, threads, yarns, straws, ribbons and the like from solution of cellulose acetate by the dry or evaporative method which comprises extruding a solution of cellulose acetate in a volatile solvent, causing the extruded products to pass through said current in the direction of flow thereof and introducing into said current at a point along the path of the extruded products an additional fiow of evaporative medium, said additional flow of evaporative medium flowing in the direction of the extruded products.
  • Apparatus for the production of artificial filaments, threads, yarns, straws, ribbons and the like by the dry or evaporative method comprising a spinning cell, means for causing a current of evaporative medium to fiow along said cell, a spinning jet disposed in said cell for the extrusion of a spinning solution through said current, said jet facing in the direction of flow of said current, and a ring nozzle disposed within said cell and encircling the path of the extruded products in the neighborhood of said jet for introducing additional evaporative medium into said current.
  • Apparatus for the production of artificial filaments, threads, yarns, straws, ribbons and the like by the dry or evaporative method comprising a spinning cell, means for causing a current of evaporative medium to flow along said cell, a spinning jet disposed in said cell for the extrusion of aspinning solution through said current, said jet facing in the direction of fiow of said current, a nozzle disposed within said cell on one side of the path of the extruded products for introducing additional evaporative medium into said current, and a draw-oil tube disposed within said cell on the other side of said path and adapted for the withdrawal of evaporative medium from said current.
  • Apparatus for the production of artificial filaments, threads, yarns, straws, ribbons and the like by the dry or evaporative method comprising a spinning cell, means for causing a current of evaporative medium to flow along said cell, a spinning jet disposed in said cell but out of said current for the extrusion of a spinning solution through said current, said jet facing in the direction of flow of said current, and means for directing an additional fiow of evaporative medium along the path of the extruded products and towards said jet.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US629909A 1931-09-29 1932-08-22 Artificial filament manufacture and the like Expired - Lifetime US2060048A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB27077/31A GB390198A (en) 1931-09-29 1931-09-29 Improvements in artificial filament manufacture and the like

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US2060048A true US2060048A (en) 1936-11-10

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US (1) US2060048A (he)
FR (2) FR749789A (he)
GB (1) GB390198A (he)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2588584A (en) * 1949-11-12 1952-03-11 Celanese Corp Spinning artificial filamentary materials
US2697251A (en) * 1951-02-07 1954-12-21 American Viscose Corp Method and apparatus for manufacturing artificial filaments
US2761754A (en) * 1952-06-07 1956-09-04 Celanese Corp Process for the production of acrylonitrile polymer fibers

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE539482A (he) * 1954-07-31

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2588584A (en) * 1949-11-12 1952-03-11 Celanese Corp Spinning artificial filamentary materials
US2697251A (en) * 1951-02-07 1954-12-21 American Viscose Corp Method and apparatus for manufacturing artificial filaments
US2761754A (en) * 1952-06-07 1956-09-04 Celanese Corp Process for the production of acrylonitrile polymer fibers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR741912A (he) 1933-02-23
FR749789A (fr) 1933-07-29
GB390198A (en) 1933-03-29

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