US2057764A - Manufacture of stabilized silver halide emulsions - Google Patents

Manufacture of stabilized silver halide emulsions Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2057764A
US2057764A US736129A US73612934A US2057764A US 2057764 A US2057764 A US 2057764A US 736129 A US736129 A US 736129A US 73612934 A US73612934 A US 73612934A US 2057764 A US2057764 A US 2057764A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
acid
emulsion
silver halide
sodium salt
seleninic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US736129A
Inventor
Brunken Johannes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GAF Chemicals Corp
Original Assignee
Agfa Ansco Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agfa Ansco Corp filed Critical Agfa Ansco Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2057764A publication Critical patent/US2057764A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
    • G03C1/34—Fog-inhibitors; Stabilisers; Agents inhibiting latent image regression
    • G03C1/346—Organic derivatives of bivalent sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
    • Y10S430/156—Precursor compound
    • Y10S430/16—Blocked developers

Definitions

  • My present invention relates to stabilizing 10 on a photographic silver halide emulsion which may be unsensitized or which has been sensitized or hyper-sensitized increases the stability of this emulsion.
  • the sull phinates and the selninates have the advantage of not affecting thephotographic properties of the emulsion, for example the sensitivity and gradation.
  • an alkali salt or another soluble salt of an aliphatic or aromatic or hydroaromatic or heterocyclic sulphinicor seleninic-acid for instance, such a salt of methane-sulphinic acid, methane disulphinic acid, methane-trisulphinic acid, 25 ethane-sulphinic acid, ethane disulphinic acid, benzene-sulphinic acid, a chlorobenzene-sulphinic acid, toluene-para-sulphinic acid, anisol-parasulphinic acid, acetanilide-para-sulphinic acid, salicylic-sulphinic acid, benzene-meta-disulphinic o acid, naphthalene-p-sulphinic acid, cyclohexylsulphinic acid, thiophene-sulphinie acid, benzeneseleninic acid, methane
  • the free acids likewise may 35 be used.
  • the stabilizer is preferably added in the form of a salt.
  • the amount of stabilizer added to 1 kg. of wet at, emulsion generally varies from 0.5 to 5 grams.
  • the invention is not limited to these quantities; the most suitable amount of stabilizer to be used can be easily determined by experi- 50 is used a liquid in which the stabilizer is soluble i a and which does not affect the emulsion.
  • a liquid in which the stabilizer is soluble i a and which does not affect the emulsion Preferably there is used water or an organic solvent which is miscible with water, for instance, alcohol.
  • Example 1 l kilo of a wet gelatino silver halide emulsion containing 6 to 7 per cent of silver halide and 8.5 per cent of gelatin is molten in the usualway and mixed with a solution of 3 grams of the sodium salt of benzene-sulphinic acid in cc. of Water. The emulsion is then cast on a film base and made partly into a roll film and partly into a film pack. These films and films made with the same silver halide emulsion, but without 25 the addition of the sodium salt of benzene-sulphinic acid, showed when freshly prepared the same sensitivity and the same fog of 0.12 density unit. After storing the roll film in a drying stove heated to 50 C. for two weeks the film showed a fog of:
  • Density unit Film without addition 0.43 Film with the sodium salt of benzene-sulphinic acid- 0.25
  • Density unit Film without addition 0.55to0.60 Film containing the sodium salt of benzene-sulphinic acid 0.25 to 0.28
  • Ewamplc 2:1 kilo of an unsensitized wet emulsion containing 9 per cent of gelatin and 6 to 7 per cent of silver halide is molten and mixed with a solution of 1 gram of the sodium salt of The emulsion is then cast on glass plates.
  • the plates made from the Density unit Emulsion without addition 0.43 Emulsion containing the sodium salt of benzene-seleninic acid -1 0.21
  • Example 3 An Agfa-Isochrome" plate (registered trade-mark) is bathed for 10 minutes in the following solution:
  • Example 4 To 1 kilo of an emulsion of glassmakers soap in gelatin containing about 8 per cent of gelatin there is added a solution of 5 grams of the sodium salt of ethane-suifinic acid in 25 cc. of water, and the emulsion is cast on a support to form an anti-halation layer. On the dry anti-halation layer there is cast a photographic emulsion containing 6 to 7 per cent of silver halide and 8.5 per cent of gelatin and sensitized with 1.1'-diethyl-6-methyl-benzthiopseudocyanine iodide or 1.1'-diethyl-benzselenopseudocyanine perchlorate. (The emulsion contains about 15 m r. of sensitizer in 1 kilo of wet emulsion.) The photographic material thus made was stored in a drying stove heated to 50 C. to-
  • Example 5 Black-red paper such as is used in winding roll films is bathed for 10 minutes in a 10 per cent solution of the sodium salt of thiophene-sulflnic acid in methanol of 50 per cent strength.
  • This paper, as well as paper which has been treated with methanol of 50 per cent strength without addition and paper which has not been treated at all were placed in contact with the emulsion side of a photographic film in a drying stove heated to 50 C.
  • the film showed a fog of 0.08 density unit before beginning the test. After a 9 days storing the films showed a fog:
  • test in the above examples was performed by developing the photographic emulsion tor 5 minutes'in a developer of the-following com position:
  • the film was then fixed, and after drying the density was determined in the Martens densitometer.
  • gelatin is used as a binding agent for the emulsion
  • the stabilizing eflect of the described stabilizers is not limited to emulsions prepared with this binding agent, but there may be used also other binding agents, for instance, collodium, agar-agar, casein, albumen, and polyglucuronic acid.
  • the stabilizer may be added to the emulsion at any stage of its production, but it may also be added already to the parent material for making the emulsions.
  • the stabilizing agent When the stabilizing agent is to be added to the support to which the emulsion is attached, it is preferably added before the support is cast.
  • an intermediate layer, a backing, a sub-layer or a protective layer the stabilizer is added shortly before casting these layers.
  • paper In the case of paper it is preferably added to the paper pulp. In the case of paper coated with gelatin and barium sulfate it is added to the casting solution from which the layer is made.
  • a method of preventing a silver halide emulsion from becoming fogged which comprises bring the emulsion in contact with a soluble compound selected from the group consisting of a sultlnic acid, a seleninic acid and their salts.
  • a method of preventing a silver halide emulsion from becoming fogged which comprises bringing the emulsion in contact with a soluble salt of an acid selected from the group consisting of a suifinic acid and a seleninic acid.
  • a method of preventing a silver halide emulsion from becoming fogged which comprises bringing the emulsion in contact with an alkali salt of an acid selected from the group consisting of a suifinic acid and a seleninic acid.
  • a method of preventing a silver halide emulsion from becoming fogged which comprises incorporating in a layer which is in contact with the emulsion layer a soluble salt of an'acid selected from the group consisting of suifinic acid and seleninic acid.
  • a method of preventing a silver halide emulsion from becoming fogged which comprises incorporating in the emulsion a soluble salt of an acid selected from the group consisting of sulfinic acid and seleninic acid.
  • a method of preventing a silver halide emulsion from becoming fogged which comprises adding to a wet and molten gelatino silver halide emulsion sodium salt of benzene-suifinic acid dissolved in 25 cc. of water and casting the photographic material from this emulsion.
  • a method of preventing a silver halide emulsion from becoming fogged which comprises adding to a wet emulsion of gelatin and glassmakers soap sodium salt of ethane-sulfinic acid dissolved in 25 cc. of water, casting the emulsion on a support to form an anti-halation layer, drying this layer, and casting on this layer a gelatino silver halide emulsion containing a sensitizer.v
  • a method or preventing a silver halide emulsion irom becoming logged which comprises adding to a wet gelatino silver halide emulsion so dium salt of benzene-seleninic acid dissolved.- in 25 cc. of water and casting the emulsion from this solution.
  • a photographic material comprising a silver halide emulsion in contact with a soluble salt of an acid selected 'from the group consisting of a sulflnic acid and a seleninic acid.
  • a photographic material comprising a silver halide emulsion in contact with an alkali salt of an acid selected from the group consisting of a sulflnic acid and a seleninic acid.
  • a photographic material comprising a silver halide emulsion containing as an addition a soluble salt of an acid selected from the group consisting of a sulflnic acid and a seleninic acid.
  • a photographic material comprising a gelatino silver halide emulsion in contact with a layer containing a soluble salt of an acid selected from the group consisting of a sulflnic acid and a seleninic acid.
  • a photographic material comprising a silver halide emulsion containing the sodium salt of benzene-sulflnic acid.
  • a photographic material comprising a gelatino silver halide emulsion containing the sodium salt of benzene-seleninic acid.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

Patented Oct. 20, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MANUFACTURE OF STABILIZED SILVER HALIDE EMULSIONS No Drawing. Application July 19, 1934, Serial 16 Claims.
My present invention relates to stabilizing 10 on a photographic silver halide emulsion which may be unsensitized or which has been sensitized or hyper-sensitized increases the stability of this emulsion.
As compared with the known stabilizers the sull phinates and the selninates have the advantage of not affecting thephotographic properties of the emulsion, for example the sensitivity and gradation.
For the purpose of the invention there may be 20 used an alkali salt or another soluble salt of an aliphatic or aromatic or hydroaromatic or heterocyclic sulphinicor seleninic-acid, for instance, such a salt of methane-sulphinic acid, methane disulphinic acid, methane-trisulphinic acid, 25 ethane-sulphinic acid, ethane disulphinic acid, benzene-sulphinic acid, a chlorobenzene-sulphinic acid, toluene-para-sulphinic acid, anisol-parasulphinic acid, acetanilide-para-sulphinic acid, salicylic-sulphinic acid, benzene-meta-disulphinic o acid, naphthalene-p-sulphinic acid, cyclohexylsulphinic acid, thiophene-sulphinie acid, benzeneseleninic acid, methane-seleninic acid, ethaneseleninic acid.
Instead of the salts, the free acids likewise may 35 be used. However, if the quantity used is too large, a loss of sensitivity occurs as a consequence of the reduction of the pH-value. Therefore, the stabilizer is preferably added in the form of a salt. The amount of stabilizer added to 1 kg. of wet at, emulsion generally varies from 0.5 to 5 grams.
However, the invention is not limited to these quantities; the most suitable amount of stabilizer to be used can be easily determined by experi- 50 is used a liquid in which the stabilizer is soluble i a and which does not affect the emulsion. Preferably there is used water or an organic solvent which is miscible with water, for instance, alcohol. I have furthermore found, that the fogging infiuence of supports, preparation layers, backing benzene-seleninic acid in 25 cc. of water.
In Germany July 22, 1933 layers, intermediate layers, sub-layers, protective layers, or baryta-layers can be prevented by incorporating in these layers the salt of a sulphinic or seleninic acid. For instance, an anti-halation layer of glassmakers soap often causes fogging 5 of the silver halide. emulsion layer to which it is attached, so that such photographic materials have a poor stability. Furthermore the paper used for finishing or packing photographic materials causes the emulsion to be fogged and thus shortens the life of the photographic material. The fogging action of the aforesaid materials can be considerably reduced by the incorporation of a salt of a sulphinic acid or a seleninic acid.
The following examples serve to illustrate the invention.
Example 1.l kilo of a wet gelatino silver halide emulsion containing 6 to 7 per cent of silver halide and 8.5 per cent of gelatin is molten in the usualway and mixed with a solution of 3 grams of the sodium salt of benzene-sulphinic acid in cc. of Water. The emulsion is then cast on a film base and made partly into a roll film and partly into a film pack. These films and films made with the same silver halide emulsion, but without 25 the addition of the sodium salt of benzene-sulphinic acid, showed when freshly prepared the same sensitivity and the same fog of 0.12 density unit. After storing the roll film in a drying stove heated to 50 C. for two weeks the film showed a fog of:
Density unit Film without addition 0.43 Film with the sodium salt of benzene-sulphinic acid- 0.25
After storing the film packs in a drying stove heated to 50 C. for three weeks, the films showed a fog:
Density unit Film without addition 0.55to0.60 Film containing the sodium salt of benzene-sulphinic acid 0.25 to 0.28
Similar results are obtained when the sodium salt of benzene sulfinic acid is replaced'by the sodium salt of ethane sulfinicacid, a chlorobenzene-sulfinic acid, toluene-para-sulfinic acid, or naphthalene-sulfinic acid,
Ewamplc 2:1 kilo of an unsensitized wet emulsion containing 9 per cent of gelatin and 6 to 7 per cent of silver halide is molten and mixed with a solution of 1 gram of the sodium salt of The emulsion is then cast on glass plates. In freshly prepared condition the plates made from the Density unit Emulsion without addition 0.43 Emulsion containing the sodium salt of benzene-seleninic acid -1 0.21
Example 3:-An Agfa-Isochrome" plate (registered trade-mark) is bathed for 10 minutes in the following solution:
Water liter" 1 Crystalline sodium carbonate grams 5 Concentrated ammonia solution cc 5 Sodium salt of hexahydrobenzene-sulfinic a i grams 10 After having been thoroughly rinsed the plate is dried in a current of warm air. The plate is stored in a drying stove heated to C. for three days together with a plate of the same brand of emulsion which has not been bathed. After this treatment the plates showed a fog:
Density unit Plate containing the sodium salt of hexahydrobenzene-sulflnic acid 1.3
Example 4.'To 1 kilo of an emulsion of glassmakers soap in gelatin containing about 8 per cent of gelatin there is added a solution of 5 grams of the sodium salt of ethane-suifinic acid in 25 cc. of water, and the emulsion is cast on a support to form an anti-halation layer. On the dry anti-halation layer there is cast a photographic emulsion containing 6 to 7 per cent of silver halide and 8.5 per cent of gelatin and sensitized with 1.1'-diethyl-6-methyl-benzthiopseudocyanine iodide or 1.1'-diethyl-benzselenopseudocyanine perchlorate. (The emulsion contains about 15 m r. of sensitizer in 1 kilo of wet emulsion.) The photographic material thus made was stored in a drying stove heated to 50 C. to-
gether with photographic material made in the same manner but without the addition of the sodium salt of ethane-suifinic acid. After 9 days storing the materials showed a fog:
Density unit Material without addition 0.94
Material with addition of the sodium salt of 1 ethane suifinic acid. 0.48
Example 5:Black-red paper such as is used in winding roll films is bathed for 10 minutes in a 10 per cent solution of the sodium salt of thiophene-sulflnic acid in methanol of 50 per cent strength. This paper, as well as paper which has been treated with methanol of 50 per cent strength without addition and paper which has not been treated at all were placed in contact with the emulsion side of a photographic film in a drying stove heated to 50 C. The film showed a fog of 0.08 density unit before beginning the test. After a 9 days storing the films showed a fog:
The test in the above examples was performed by developing the photographic emulsion tor 5 minutes'in a developer of the-following com position:
Water was- -1 Para-methylaminophenol sulfate -grams-.. 1.5 Hydroquinone -do 2.5 Potassium carbonate do 18.0 Potassium bromide do---.. 1.0 Sodium suliite sicc -do 18.0
The film was then fixed, and after drying the density was determined in the Martens densitometer.
In the examples gelatin is used as a binding agent for the emulsion, however, the stabilizing eflect of the described stabilizers is not limited to emulsions prepared with this binding agent, but there may be used also other binding agents, for instance, collodium, agar-agar, casein, albumen, and polyglucuronic acid.
As above described the stabilizer may be added to the emulsion at any stage of its production, but it may also be added already to the parent material for making the emulsions. When the stabilizing agent is to be added to the support to which the emulsion is attached, it is preferably added before the support is cast. To a preparation layer, an intermediate layer, a backing, a sub-layer or a protective layer the stabilizer is added shortly before casting these layers. In the case of paper it is preferably added to the paper pulp. In the case of paper coated with gelatin and barium sulfate it is added to the casting solution from which the layer is made.
What I claim is:
1. A method of preventing a silver halide emulsion from becoming fogged which comprises bring the emulsion in contact with a soluble compound selected from the group consisting of a sultlnic acid, a seleninic acid and their salts.
2. A method of preventing a silver halide emulsion from becoming fogged which comprises bringing the emulsion in contact with a soluble salt of an acid selected from the group consisting of a suifinic acid and a seleninic acid.
3. A method of preventing a silver halide emulsion from becoming fogged which comprises bringing the emulsion in contact with an alkali salt of an acid selected from the group consisting of a suifinic acid and a seleninic acid.
4. A method of preventing a silver halide emulsion from becoming fogged which comprises incorporating in a layer which is in contact with the emulsion layer a soluble salt of an'acid selected from the group consisting of suifinic acid and seleninic acid.
5. A method of preventing a silver halide emulsion from becoming fogged which comprises incorporating in the emulsion a soluble salt of an acid selected from the group consisting of sulfinic acid and seleninic acid.
6. A method of preventing a silver halide emulsion from becoming fogged which comprises adding to a wet and molten gelatino silver halide emulsion sodium salt of benzene-suifinic acid dissolved in 25 cc. of water and casting the photographic material from this emulsion.
7. A method of preventing a silver halide emulsion from becoming fogged which comprises adding to a wet emulsion of gelatin and glassmakers soap sodium salt of ethane-sulfinic acid dissolved in 25 cc. of water, casting the emulsion on a support to form an anti-halation layer, drying this layer, and casting on this layer a gelatino silver halide emulsion containing a sensitizer.v
8. A method or preventing a silver halide emulsion irom becoming logged which comprises adding to a wet gelatino silver halide emulsion so dium salt of benzene-seleninic acid dissolved.- in 25 cc. of water and casting the emulsion from this solution.
9.- A photographic material comprising a silver halide gelatin emulsion in contact with a soluble compound selected from the group consisting of a sulflnic acid, a seleninic acid and their salts.
10. A photographic material comprising a silver halide emulsion in contact with a soluble salt of an acid selected 'from the group consisting of a sulflnic acid and a seleninic acid.
11. A photographic material comprising a silver halide emulsion in contact with an alkali salt of an acid selected from the group consisting of a sulflnic acid and a seleninic acid.
12. A photographic material comprising a silver halide emulsion containing as an addition a soluble salt of an acid selected from the group consisting of a sulflnic acid and a seleninic acid.
13. A photographic material comprising a gelatino silver halide emulsion in contact with a layer containing a soluble salt of an acid selected from the group consisting of a sulflnic acid and a seleninic acid.
14. A photographic material comprising a silver halide emulsion containing the sodium salt of benzene-sulflnic acid.
15. A photographic material comprising a gelatino silver halide emulsion containing the sodium salt of benzene-seleninic acid.
' 16. A photographic material comprising a support, attached to said support an anti-halation layer comprising gelatin as a binding agent and having incorporated glassmakers soap and the sodium salt of ethane-disulflnic acid, and attached to this anti-halation layer a gelatino silver halide emulsion layer containing a sensitizer.
JOHANNES BRUNKEN.
US736129A 1933-07-22 1934-07-19 Manufacture of stabilized silver halide emulsions Expired - Lifetime US2057764A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2057764X 1933-07-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2057764A true US2057764A (en) 1936-10-20

Family

ID=7982952

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US736129A Expired - Lifetime US2057764A (en) 1933-07-22 1934-07-19 Manufacture of stabilized silver halide emulsions

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US2057764A (en)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2432864A (en) * 1944-02-03 1947-12-16 Ilford Ltd Photographic elements bearing silver halide emulsion layer and adjacent light-insensitive colloid layer containing silver derivatives of azoles
US2438716A (en) * 1944-10-06 1948-03-30 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Stabilized silver halide emulsions
US2440110A (en) * 1944-10-06 1948-04-20 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Stabilized silver halide emulsions
US2440206A (en) * 1944-09-16 1948-04-20 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Stabilized silver halide emulsions
DE1020864B (en) * 1955-04-29 1957-12-12 Gevaert Photo Prod Nv Process for the preparation of light-sensitive photographic emulsions
US3088824A (en) * 1959-02-17 1963-05-07 Cons Electrodynamics Corp Rapid photographic developing
US3144336A (en) * 1961-10-26 1964-08-11 Eastman Kodak Co Synergistic sensitization of photographic silver halide emulsions
US3466173A (en) * 1965-11-30 1969-09-09 Keuffel & Esser Co Silver halide element containing a developer and aromatic sulfinic acid stabilizers
US3728126A (en) * 1969-03-07 1973-04-17 Agfa Gevaert Nv Silver halide emulsion containing an organic selenium compound antifogging agent
US4125403A (en) * 1976-06-25 1978-11-14 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Heat developable light sensitive material
US4547452A (en) * 1982-09-29 1985-10-15 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Color diffusion transfer photographic element with sufinic acid
EP0358170A2 (en) * 1988-09-06 1990-03-14 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Direct positive photographic materials
US5443947A (en) * 1993-11-30 1995-08-22 Eastman Kodak Company Heat stabilized silver chloride photographic emulsions containing thiosulfonate/sulfinate compounds
US5536633A (en) * 1993-11-30 1996-07-16 Eastman Kodak Company Heat stabilized silver chloride photographic emulsions containing sulfur donors and sulfinate compounds
US5601970A (en) * 1995-01-03 1997-02-11 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic elements exhibiting improved stability

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2432864A (en) * 1944-02-03 1947-12-16 Ilford Ltd Photographic elements bearing silver halide emulsion layer and adjacent light-insensitive colloid layer containing silver derivatives of azoles
US2440206A (en) * 1944-09-16 1948-04-20 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Stabilized silver halide emulsions
US2438716A (en) * 1944-10-06 1948-03-30 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Stabilized silver halide emulsions
US2440110A (en) * 1944-10-06 1948-04-20 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Stabilized silver halide emulsions
DE1020864B (en) * 1955-04-29 1957-12-12 Gevaert Photo Prod Nv Process for the preparation of light-sensitive photographic emulsions
US3088824A (en) * 1959-02-17 1963-05-07 Cons Electrodynamics Corp Rapid photographic developing
US3144336A (en) * 1961-10-26 1964-08-11 Eastman Kodak Co Synergistic sensitization of photographic silver halide emulsions
US3466173A (en) * 1965-11-30 1969-09-09 Keuffel & Esser Co Silver halide element containing a developer and aromatic sulfinic acid stabilizers
US3728126A (en) * 1969-03-07 1973-04-17 Agfa Gevaert Nv Silver halide emulsion containing an organic selenium compound antifogging agent
US4125403A (en) * 1976-06-25 1978-11-14 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Heat developable light sensitive material
US4547452A (en) * 1982-09-29 1985-10-15 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Color diffusion transfer photographic element with sufinic acid
EP0358170A2 (en) * 1988-09-06 1990-03-14 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Direct positive photographic materials
EP0358170A3 (en) * 1988-09-06 1990-06-20 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Direct positive photographic materials
US5110719A (en) * 1988-09-06 1992-05-05 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Process for preparing a direct positive photographic material
US5443947A (en) * 1993-11-30 1995-08-22 Eastman Kodak Company Heat stabilized silver chloride photographic emulsions containing thiosulfonate/sulfinate compounds
US5536633A (en) * 1993-11-30 1996-07-16 Eastman Kodak Company Heat stabilized silver chloride photographic emulsions containing sulfur donors and sulfinate compounds
US5601970A (en) * 1995-01-03 1997-02-11 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic elements exhibiting improved stability

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2057764A (en) Manufacture of stabilized silver halide emulsions
US3226232A (en) Fog reduction in silver halide emulsions with a diphenyldisulfide dicarboxylic acid
US3615440A (en) Novel photographic compositions and processes
US3447925A (en) Anti-fogging and anti-plumming disulfide compound for use in silver halide photographs
US2214446A (en) Photographic development of silver halide layers
US2983610A (en) Sensitization of photographic emulsions
JPS5855928A (en) Method for processing direct positive silver halide photosensitive material
US2324123A (en) Fog inhibitor for photographic developers
JPS60123837A (en) Photographic silver halide emulsion
US2271229A (en) Fog inhibitor for photographic developers
GB687751A (en) Process and material for the direct production of positive photographic images
US2478400A (en) Silver halide photographic emulsion with developer and color coupler dispersed therein
JPS60162246A (en) Silver halide photosensitive material
US2728667A (en) Molecular compounds of mercury salts with benzothiazoles as fog inhibitors in a silver halide emulsion
US1969479A (en) Method of producing color photographic images by development
US3615607A (en) Method of desensitizing light-sensitive silver halide photographic materials with cycloheptimidazole derivatives
US2969014A (en) Photochemical stencil and method for manufacture
US2695234A (en) Photographic development
US4299913A (en) Photographic reversal process without second exposure
US2289804A (en) Sulphonic ester coupler
US3110597A (en) Composition comprising gelatin and a potential hardener therefor
US3573048A (en) Photographic web processing
JPS58221843A (en) Method for developing photosensitive silver halide material
US2171911A (en) Antihalation layer for photographic sensitive materials
US4003746A (en) Organic heterocyclic and thioaryl phosphines in silver halide emulsions and developers therefor