US20542A - Machine foe - Google Patents

Description

E. W. BLAKE. MACHINE FOR GRUSHING STONE.

No. 20,542. Patented June 15, 1858.

CFFIC.

MACHINE FOR cnusnme STONES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 20,542, dated June 15, 1858; Reissued. January 9, 1866, No. 2,145.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELI IV. BLAKE, of New Haven, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Machine for Breaking Stones for Road-Mletal and other Purposes, which machine I call a Stone-Breaker; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making part of this specification.

My stone breaker, so far as respects its principle, or its essential characteristics, consists of a pair of jaws, one fixed and the other movable, between which the stones are to be broken, having their acting faces nearly in an upright position, and convergent downward one toward the other in such manner that while the space between them at the top is such as to receive the stones that are to be broken, that at the bottom is only sufiicient to allow the fragments to pass when broken to the required size; and giving to the movable jaw a short and powerful vibration through a small space, say one fourth of an inch, more orless. By means of this form and arrangement of the jaws, and this motion of the movable jaw, when a stone is dropped into the space between them, it falls down until its further descent is arrested between their convergent faces; the movable jaw, advancing, crushes it, then receding, liberates the fragments and they again descend, and if too large, are again crushed, and so on until all the fragments, having been suiiiciently reduced, have passed out through the narrower space at the bottom.

The details of the structure of the machine, other than those already specified, relating to the manner of supporting and maintaining the jaws in their proper relative position, and giving motion with the required power to the movable aw, may be varied indefinitely without afi'ecting its principle of operation.

I proceed to give a full description of all tle parts of the machine as I have constructe it.

The machine may be made of any size, varying according to the size of the stones it is to be capable of receiving and the amount of work it is to accomplish; and its proportions, having reference to strength, may be varied according to the hardness of the material on which it is to operate.

The annexed drawings represent, on a scale of ,3; of an inch to the inch, a machine which I have constructed that was designed to be capable of breaking blocks of trap rock I not exceeding three and a half inches thick and nine inches square, and which I have found fully competent to perform that work.

Figure 1, is a perspective view of the machine shown as resting upon two timbers to which it is secured by bolts. In this figure most of the parts of the machine are partially concealed from View by the main frame or casting, which supports all the other parts. Fig. 2, is an orthographic View of all the parts in place as they would appear upon removing one side of the main frame. Figs. 3, 4t, 5, 6, 7, are transverse sections of the machine at the several points respectively in dicated on Fig. 2.

In Fig. 2, the parts of the drawing which are shaded by diagonal lines are sections of those parts of the main frame or casting which run transversely from one side to the other connecting the two sides together, and which are supposed to be cut asunder in order to remove one side.

A is the fixed jaw. This is placed against one end of the frame, to which it is secured, at the bottom by a bolt, and at the top by lateral projections which fit into corresponding recesses or notches in the top of the frame as shown in Fig. 1, and in section Fig. 3.

B is the movable jaw. This piece extends downward to, and enters a mortise in the lower transverse part of the main casting, by which means its lower end is prevented from moving in either direction horizontally. To give it a vertical support, it is provided with shoulders, seen in section at Z, Z, Fig. i, which rest upon the main casting at the ends of the mortise. These shoulders and also the part which enters the mortise are slightly rounded, as shown in Fig. 2, so as to allow the upper end to vibrate.

m n is the space between the acting faces of the jaws into which the stones are introduced. This space is sufiiciently wide at m to receive the largest pieces of stone which the machine is designed to break, and thence converges downward to a width at n which is only sufiicient to allow the fragments to pass when broken to the required size. The

acting faces of the jaws are not plain surfaces, but are corrugated,'the corrugations running vertically, so that a section of the opening a by a horizontal plane would present the outlines shown in Fig. 8. These corrugations serve to diminish the strain to which large pieces of stone would otherwise subject the machine, and also to prevent thin fragments of large breadth from passing through the opening a. The two pieces C and D, with the intervention of the piece F, constitute an elbow joint; C and D artioulating on F at their adjacent ends; and at their outer ends, one of them on the cross bar E of the main frame, and the other on the back of the movable jaw. The piece F, at its lower end articulates on the lever G. This lever rests at one end on the fulcrum H, which forms a part of the main casting, and the other end is connected by the connecting rod or piece I with the crank K of the shaft L. On one end of the shaft L is placed a fly wheel (not shown in the drawings) four feet in diameter, weighing seven hundred and fifty pounds; andon the other end a pulley (not shown in the drawings to receive the belt which drives the machlne. The spiral spring M, through the medium of the rod N, tends to hold the jaw back, thus keeping the pieces C and D in contact with their bearings and securing the return motion of the jaw.

It is obvious that the revolution of the crank will vibrate the lever, and that this through the medium of the pieces F, C, and D will give a short and powerful vibration to the movable aw B.

The entire operation of the machine will be fully understood without further explanation.

In order that the pieces 0 and D, when raised to their highest elevation may not be retained there by the friction of their bearings, they should when thus elevated deviate from a line with each other by an angle of not less than five degrees. And in order that stones may not be ejected from the jaws without being crushed, the angle of convergence of their acting faces should not exceed eighteen degrees.

away of the inside of the frame adjacent to the space where the stones are crushed, I contemplate casting the frame in such form as to receive these chilled pieces which may be replaced when worn. I also contemplate making the movable jaw piece in such form as to receive a separate piece of chilled iron for its acting face. I also contemplate combining with the machine a revolving screen to receive the fragments as they fall from it and separate them into two or more sizes.

That I claim as my invention in the Hereindescribed machine, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is the combination of the following features in the construction, arrangement, and movement of the jaws, to wit:

1. Making the acting faces of the jaws upright, or so nearly so that stones will descend by their own gravity between them.

2. Making the acting faces of the jaws convergent in such manner that while the space between them at the top is suflicient to receive the stones that are to be broken, that at the bottom shall be only suflicient to allow the fragments to pass when broken to the required size.

3. Giving a short vibratory movement to the movable aw.

I disclaim the above three features severally, and limit my claims to their joint cooperation, as herein described, in a machine for breaking stones or other hard substances.

ELI IV. BLAKE. Witnesses:

IIIILos BLAKE, JOHN A. BLAKE.

[FIRST PRINTED 1911.]

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