US2053838A - Anchor - Google Patents

Description

Patented Sept. 8, 1936 UN I TED STATES 5 Claims.

This invention refers itself to anchors for ships and aircrafts. More specically this invention relates to anchors without stock and provided with a. plurality of flukes.

The principal object of this invention is to provide an anchor the weightv of which is rather small in consideration of its gripping ability as compared with anchors of the types hitherto known.

Another object of this invention is the provision of an anchor that will engage theA bottom immediately after being cast whereby a firm hold willv be established within a short distance from that point, where the anchor was dropped.

A further object of this invention is theprovision of an anchor which will not drag. even if change in wind or stream causes the ship to, swing about the anchor, so that the anchor is caused to capsize.

Still an object of the invention is the provision of an anchor the gripping eiciency of which is not dependent on the weight of the chain butwill operate successfully in connection; with a chain or rope,A the size of which is suitable to withstand the stress set up therein solely by the load exerted by the ship proper.

Further an object of the invention is to provide an anchor capable of rmly holding on any bottom, wherein an anchor of any kind is possible to grip.

In the accompanying drawing an embodiment of the new anchor is illustrated, wherein Figure 1 is a front elevation of the anchor.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the anchor shown lying on the bottom, and Figure 3 is a plan view of the anchor viewed from above.

In the drawing I designates generally a stockless anchor, the shank 2 of which is pivoted by a pin 4 in a head 3. From the head 3 two rigidly connected arms 6 project in opposite directions, so that the arms 6 are turnable with the head 3. Each arm 6 carries a fluke 5 and in the free end of the main shank 2 there is a shackle I or the like for the anchor chain or rope 10. The main shank 2 is f-ormed with an elongated aperture 8, in which aperture an auxiliary shank I0 is movable, which shank also is pivoted on the pin 4 so that the auxiliary shank I0 can oscillate in the main shank 2 in a plane parallel to the swinging planes of the ukes 5.

At the free end, the auxiliary shank I0 is forked to provide two rigid arms I I each provided with a fluke I2, said arms being disposed in the swinging plane of the auxiliary shank I0. The head 3 is p-rovided with abutments or shoulders PATENT ori-ici: A 2,053,838

ANCHOR Nils E. Lundin, Molle, Sweden Application: June' 13, 1934, Serial No. 730,512

Sweden July 6, 1933 I3 which limit the mutualmovementsA of the two A l Shanks. 2r and- Ill. The shoulders I3 act toflimit the angular movement of the ilukesI about `the pivot pin 4 and they are also engageable; with the shank I 0- under certainl conditions' so kas to causeL the latter together with the ilukes I2 carried thereby to be urged in one direction or the other. Such abutments cani beprovided on the arms 6 aswell, as may be easily understood. without need of av special figure inthe .dra-wing.

Because the vflukes 5 are disposedlaterally of they ukes I2 the first-mentioned flukes will be hereinafter referred toA as` the side lukes, andthe other flukes will be referred to as the intermediate flukes in order to make a distinction between the two setsv of iiukes.r l

The length of auxiliary shank I/ll` measured from the apex of its flukes I2 tothe center of its pivot 4 is greater than that of the side flukes. Thus the apexes of the intermediate iiukes I2 will be more remote from the pin 4 than'the apexes of the side flukes 5. Notwithstanding, the intermediate nukes I2 are said to be rigidly connected by the arms II, I do not limit myself to such a design, where the intermediate flukes, are prevented from a swinging motion relatively to the arms II as I know that litis lnot novelv to:design anchors of the stock type in which the ukes can pivot against the arms which connect the iiukes, and I wish to include such a design of the intermediate flukes also.

When the anchor reaches the bottom, it takes immediately the position illustrated in Figure 2 with the arms II of the auxiliary shank I0 disposed in a plane perpendicular to the bottom, whereby the downwardly directed intermediate fluke I2 instantly digs in on account of the dragging in the chain or rope I6. Said dragging exerts on the auxiliary shank IIJ, a pushing force, whereby the weight of the arms I I with ilukes I2 at the free hanging fore end of the auxiliary shank I9 causes the lowermost fluke I2 to dig in.

As stated the angular movement of the side lukes 5 is limited by engagement of the shoulders I3 with the shank 2 while the range of movement of the flukes I2 is also limited by engagement thereof with the adjacent portion of the shank 2.

When the wind or the streamv changes', the new anchor operates under the same conditions as mentioned with the considerable advantage that the anchor immediately engages the bottom in its new position, if the change of the' wind or the stream had caused the ship to ride in the opposite direction forcing the anchor to capsize.

When the anchor reaches the bottom, the shorter side flukes 5 rst falls down upon the surface of the bottom, the abutment I3 engaging the main shank 2. If then the intermediate uke l2 has not begun to act, the abutment I3 presses against the auxiliary shank l0, and forces it downwardly.

The weight of the anchor chain is without importance in connection with the new anchor, hence a comparatively'light Wire rope can replace the usual heavy chain. Experience has shown that the new anchor gives a sufficient hold on any kind of serviceable anchor bottom with an operative length of the rope of only twice the depth, thus without need of the known chain line.

In common anchors of the stockless type the gripping resistance in the horizontal direction may be estimated as 9 to l2 times the weight of the anchor, while in an oldfashioned stock-anchor the same items may be 12 to 15 times the weight. This new anchor has proven itself to stand a force of 37 to 40 times its weight.

On board, the new anchor can be housed in a hawse pipe of the type usual in combination with stockless anchors, though it sometimes may be convenient to make some modifications in the design of the hawse pipe. Also it may be advantageous to make the pin 4 easily removable so as to detach the head from the shanks 2 and I0 for the purpose of facilitating storage in for instance small boats.

The new anchor makes it possible to anchor in narrow passages and streams on account of the aforesaid need of only short anchor ropes without risk of dragging.

I want to express my wish not to limit myself exactly to the embodiment illustrated, but I am free to change the details in the design without to depart from the invention as set forth in the annexed claims. For instance the auxiliary shank Ill may be suspended not on the pin 4 of the main shank and the side lukes, but on an independent pin parallel to pin 4 and disposed adjacent to said pin.

'aosasse What I claim is:

1. In an anchor, a main shank, side flukes pivotally carried by one end of said shank for motion independently of the side flukes, an auxiliary shank pivotally connected adjacent said end of the shank and extending throughout a substantial portion of the length thereof and beyond the side flukes, and intermediate ukes carried by the free end of said auxiliary shank.

2. In an anchor, a main shank, a head pivotally connected with one end of the shank, side ukes carried by said head, an auxiliary shank pivoted to the head for movement independent of the head and extending throughout a portion of the length of the main shank, intermediate flukes carried by the auxiliary shank, and shoulders on said head engageable with the auxiliary shank for imparting movement thereto.

3. In an anchor, a main shank adapted to be connected at one end with a flexible member, side flukes arranged adjacent the opposite end of the shank, pivotally connected therewith and lying in a common plane containing their axis of pivoting, a relatively long auxiliary shank normally lying substantially within the main shank and pivoted to swing independently of and par allel to the plane of motion of said side lukes, additional ukes disposed at the free end of said auxiliary shank and extending in a common plane perpendicular to the plane of motion of said auxiliary shank.

4. In an anchor, a main shank having a longitudinal slot therein and adapted to be connected at one end with a flexible member, a head having two side flukes rigid therewith, an auxiliary shank and two auxiliary flukes on the free end thereof, means for pivoting said Shanks independently of each other on said head, the auxiliary shank being adapted to swing pivotally through said slot, said side ukes extending in a general plane perpendicular to the plane in which said auxiliary ukes extend.

5. The device as claimed in claim 4 in which said auxiliary shank is longer` than said side ukes.

NILS E. LUNDIN.

Images