US2053412A

US2053412A - Multiple unit facing wall

Info

Publication number: US2053412A
Application number: US593981A
Authority: US
Inventors: Nathaniel L Aberson
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1932-02-19
Filing date: 1932-02-19
Publication date: 1936-09-08
Anticipated expiration: 1953-09-08

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet l v A 5 M z w.

N. 1.. ABERSON MULTIPLE UNIT FACING WALL Filed Feb. 19, 1932 Sept. 8, 1936.

M f/auy a ATTORNEY? Patented Sept. 8, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MULTIPLE UNIT FACING WALL Nathaniel L. Aberson, Detroit, Mich. Application February 19, 1932, Serial No. 593,981

8Claims.

This invention relates to a multiple unit facing wall and method of forming and applying, and in particular to the fabrication of units of simple construction intended to form an ornamental outer surface of a wall without an additional foundation.

In my prior application, Serial No. 380,795, filed July 25, 1929, and my Patent No. 1,888,417, dated November 22, 1932, I have described and illustrated a multiple unit facing wall in which a number of ornamental bricks or slabs of approximately the same length and width as a standard brick, but of a greatly reduced thickness, are fixed to a backing unit of predetermined size. Units are thus fabricated which may be directly applied to the outside surface of a wall, forming an ornamental facing wall.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a new method of securing the thin slabs of brick, or other suitable material, to the common backing of sheet metal or wood. A layer of insulating board, such as Celotex, may be added to the backing units if desired for insulating purposes. Two methods of fixing the slabs to the backing units are illustrated in 'the drawings and described hereafter. In one method backing units of metal are provided with lugs which are so positioned as to fit into grooves in the sides or ends of the slabs. In the second method a wood backing is used. The brick slabs are provided with grooves into which are fitted lengths of wire making a complete circuit of the slabs in a plane which is approximately parallel to the plane of the backing when the slabs are in position. Staples driven into the wood around the wire fix the slabs in place.

The principal advantage obtained by this invention lies in the simplicity of construction of 'the multiple units. It is also apparent that a veneer wall may be formed having the appearance of a heavy masonry wall, but weighing but a fraction of the latter.

In the drawings:

Figure l is an elevation of a section of wall built up of multiple units employing the first method mentioned.

Figure 2 is a view along the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a detailed drawing showing a crosssection of the backing.

Figure 4 is the same as Figure 3 except that one brick has been placed in position.

Figure 5 is the same es Figure 4, but with the brick held in place by bending over the lugs.

Figure 6 is a detailed drawing showing lugs of the same size as the lugs of Figure 3 but fixed to the backing by welding or brazing. I

Figure 7 is a perspective drawing in detail showing the manner of securing the bricks to the backing of Figure 5. 5 t Figure 8 is a perspective drawing in detail showinganother manner of securing the bricks to the backing.

Figure 9 is an elevation of one unitbuilt employing the second method mentioned.

Figure I0 is a view along the line Ill-l0 of Figure 9.

Figure 11 is a detailed drawing showing the manner of securing the slabs to the backing of wood.

Figure 12 is a perspective drawing in detail of the method shown in Figure 11.

Referring to the drawings, the first method of securing the brick slabs to a backing unit will be found illustrated in Figures 1 to 8, inclusive. Numeral i represents a backing unit, having corners a, b, c, and d, preferably of sheet metal, 2 represents an insulating layer of some material such as Celotex, and 3 slabs of some material which will give the outside of the wall an ornamental appearance, preferably fired clay or stone. These slabs, if it is desired to form a. facing wall having the appearance of a usual ornamental brick wall, should be of the same length, width and texture as the ordinary brick, but of a greatly reduced thickness. Figures 3, 4, and 5 show one manner of fixing the ornamental slabs to a backing unit. Lugs 4 which extend perpendicularly to the backing are formed preferably by stamping. These lugs are so positioned as to be adjacent to the grooves 5 of the brick slabs when the latter are placed in their proper alignment. The lugs are then bent over in some appropriate way so as to fit into the grooves, as shown at 6 in Figure 5. Another manner of preparing the lugs to receive the brick slabs is shown in Figure 6. The lugs here are fixed to the backing by brazing or welding as at 1. The bricks may be staggered in the usual way, leaving a blank space 8 adapted to cooperate with a blank space in the adjacent unit, to receive one brick.

Lugs may be positioned with respect to the brick slabs in several ways. They may be positioned one at each end of each slab or two at 50 each side. The corresponding groove at the sides may be either short, of just suflicient width to receive the lugs, or the length of the brick. In Figure 8 is shown another manner of positioning the lugs, that is, one at each comer of the brick slabs diagonally positioned, with a corresponding diagonal groove in the bricks.

Multiple units may be made of any desired size to permit ease in transporting and applying them to the base wall. Another method of securing the ornamental slabs to the wall, however, is as follows. Layers of Celotex and the backing units are nailed to the base wall before the brick slabs are fixed in place, and the slabs are then fixed in place as previously described.

The second method, in which a. wooden base is used, will now be described. Multiple units may be formed by this method also of any desired size. The backing unit of wood is shown at I2 and the brick slabs at l3. Each slab is provided with a diagonal groove I l at each corner so that a wire positioned in these grooves will be in a plane parallel to the plane of the backing when the slabs are in position. Lengths of wire I5 are placed in the grooves and the ends are twisted together as at l6 so as to hold the wire tightly in place. The slabs may then be placed in their proper alignment and the staples l1 driven into the wood around the wire. As in the other method, multiple units may be built up of any desired size and thereafter transported and fixed on the base wall. Another method is to nail the backing unitsto the base wall and subsequently fix the slabs to the backing.

After the units are fixed to the base wall, by whichever method, mortar is placed between the bricks to complete the ornamental appearanceand protect the fastening means from the weather. Thus, it can be seen, a facing wall is formed of a number of units of simple construction and pleasing appearance. The methods outlined, furthermore, are adaptable to form a facing wall having a surface of either ornamental brick or stone. It will be understood that in the preferred form shown in Figures 1 to 8 or in the modified form shown in Figures 9 to 12 that the insulating backing may be eliminated and the means cooperating with the grooves of the brick nailed or otherwise secured directly to the wall which is to be covered. In other words, the insulating backing is beneficial but not necessary.

The standard brick as referred to in the specification and claims is intended to come under the present A. S. T. M. definition and classification which is as follows: The standard size of brick shall be 2 x 3%" x 8", with permissible variations of A in breadth or depth and A" in length. It will also be understood that while the preferred exposed surface dimensions of my veneer brick units 3 are substantially those of the standard brick, the materials for making said veneer units 3 may vary considerably and still come within the scope of the present invention.

What I claim is:

1. A composite veneer slab wall structure, comprising a base surface, slab supporting and spacing members secured to said base surface and having spacing abutments for maintaining mortar lines, relatively thin veneer slabs disposed between said spacing abutments, said slabs having recesses for receiving a portion of said abutments and mortar filling the spaces between adjacent slabs, some of said mortar being interlocked between a laterally extending recessed portion of the edge of the brick and a portion of the spacing member.

.2. A composite veneer slab wall structure, comprising a base surface, metal supporting, spacing and reenforcing means secured to said base surface and including laterally extending spacing means vertically and horizontally arranged on the surface thereof for spacing the veneer slabs to maintain mortar lines, veneer slabs mounted on said metal supporting means, said slabs having recesses for receiving a portion of said supporting means and mortar filling the spaces between adjacent slabs and behind a portion of adjacent slabs and interlocking said slabs and spacing means.

3. A composite veneer slab wall structure, comprising a base surface, veneer slab supporting and spacing means secured to said base surface and having transversely spaced ofi-set portions out of contact with said surface for maintaining mortar lines, relatively thin veneer slabs disposed between the oif-set portions of said spacing members, said spacing members separating the edges of adjacent slabs substantially the width of a conventional mortar joint, and mortar filling the spaces between adjacent slabs and between the ofi-set portions of the spacing members, said spacing members, veneer slabs and mortar constituting an interlocked unitary wall.

4. A composite veneer slab wall structure, comprising a base surface, veneer slab supporting and spacing means secured to said base surface and having transversely spaced off-set portions out of contact with said surface for maintaining mortar lines, relatively thin veneer slabs dis- .posed between the oif-set portions of said spacing members, and mortar filling the spaces between adjacent slabs and between off-set portions of the spacing members and behind a portion of the slabs whereby said spacing members, veneer slabs and mortar constitute an interlocked unitary wall.

5. Exterior building construction comprising a supporting and securing member formed of a strip of sheet metal, and a relatively thin slab having the surface appearance and texture of an ornamental building unit and flush edges, said slab having spaced grooves in said edges, said sheet metal strip having stamped out portions which engage and hold the slabs in uniformly spaced relation in horizontal planes and in staggered relation in vertical planes to form conventional mortar Joints, said portions fitting in the grooves of the said slab to hold the same immovably fixed to the said member.

6. Exterior building construction comprising a supporting and securing member formed of a strip of sheet metal and a layer of insulating material, and a plurality of relatively thin slabs having the surface appearance and texture of ornamental building units, said slabs having grooves in their edges, said sheet metal strips having stamped out portions which engage and hold the slabs in uniformly spaced relation in horizontal planes and in staggered relation in vertical planes to form conventional mortar joints, said portions fitting in the said grooves of the said slabs and mortar interlocked between said portions and a surface of said grooves whereby the said slabs are immovably fixed to the said member.

7. Exterior building construction comprising a supporting and securing member formed of a strip of sheet metal, a plurality of relatively thin slabs with flush edges and having the surface appearance and texture of ornamental building blocks, said slabs having spaced grooves in said edges, and a plurality of lugs carried by said sheet metal strip and engaging and holding the slabs in uniformly spaced relation in horizontal planes and in staggered relation in vertical planes to form conventional mortar joints, said lugs fitting into the said grooves of the said slabs, whereby the said slabs are immovably fixed to the said member.

8. Exterior wall construction having in combination a base wall, and a thin veneer facing wall, said facing wall being made up of a plu rality of units positioned adjacent to each other, said units being composed of a backing, and fiat faced and backed slabs simulating standard ornamental brick in size, shape, texture, and color but being greatly reduced in thickness,

said slabs having grooves in their edges, said backing being formed of a strip of sheet metal and lugs fixed to said strip and engaging and holding the slabs in uniformly spaced relation in horizontal planes and in staggered relation in vertical planes to form conventional mortar joints, said lugs fitting into the said grooves of the said slabs and plastically applied material interlocked between said lugs and a wall of said grooves whereby the said slabs are immovably 10 fixed to the said backing.

NATHANIEL L. ABERSON.