US2053027A - Pump - Google Patents

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Publication number
US2053027A
US2053027A US39851A US3985135A US2053027A US 2053027 A US2053027 A US 2053027A US 39851 A US39851 A US 39851A US 3985135 A US3985135 A US 3985135A US 2053027 A US2053027 A US 2053027A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
movement
pump
followers
control
members
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US39851A
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English (en)
Inventor
Franks Ernest Arthur
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority to FR785938D priority Critical patent/FR785938A/fr
Priority claimed from GB2518535A external-priority patent/GB446722A/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US39851A priority patent/US2053027A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2053027A publication Critical patent/US2053027A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/08—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by two or more pumping elements with conjoint outlet or several pumping elements feeding one engine cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/442—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston means preventing fuel leakage around pump plunger, e.g. fluid barriers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to pumps and more especially to pumps for supplying fuel to Diesel and other compression ignition engines.
  • the invention is particularly concerned with an arrangement which comprises two pistons dis.- charging to a common discharge and operable through followers by rotary cams at least one of the followers being movable to advance or retard the follower with respect to its cam so as to vary the phase relationship of the two pistons.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide improved means whereby the fuel supplied by the two pistons can be regulated.
  • a fuel pump which comprises two pistons discharging to a common discharge and operable, through followers by .rotary earns, a movable regulating member being provided for at least one of the followers to advance or retard the follower with respect to its cam and so to vary the phase relationship of the two pistons.
  • the or each movable follower is so slidably mounted in the regulating member as to be constrained to move in the same direction as that of its associated piston while the regulating member is constrained to move in a plane which is transverse with respect to the said direction of movement of the piston.
  • Diesel or compression ignition engines it is necessary that the delivery be under control and capable of quick and definite regulation as between-maximum and no delivery, it being further. necessary that the point of commencement of delivery in relation to the engine cycle be under control so as to get the best firing point for different loads on the engine.
  • a pump element having two pistons (or a piston and slide valve) driven by mechanism which is adapted to reciprocate the pistons in an adjustable out-ofphase relationship.
  • These two pistons open into a common delivery chamber so that while the pistons are operating in the same sense, both operate to deliver fuel, but when one piston operates in the reverse sense, the delivery of one is taken by the other so that no effective delivery is established: by alteration of the two phases simultaneously the timing of effective delivery is adjusted and by altering the phases relatively to one another, the efiective delivery is adjusted.
  • both pistons would be the same excepting that as the piston forming the piston valve was made smaller in area the stroke would be increased to give the e same volume as the delivery pump or the profile of a cam for operating this piston be so formed a torelea e t e p st n forming t e Spill valve at the required moment for the cessation of de livery of the fuel. .0
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal section partly in elevation, Figure 2 a section on the line IIII Figure 1, Figure 3 a section on the line III-III Figure 1, Figure 4 a detail plan view, Figure 5 a section on the line V,-V Figure 1, Figure 6 a detail elevation and Figures '7 and 8 views similar to Figure 4 of a modification.
  • the arrangement illustrated in the accompanying drawings is a multi-unit pump arrangement (i. e. an arrangement comprising a plurality of pump units) and while for convenience reference has been made to the parts of one unit, 35 in the drawings corresponding parts of I the various units have been given corresponding numerals.
  • each pump .element consists of two diameter rods-l, 3 and I, 3' working in two diameter cylinders 2, 2', 5, 5, the smaller diameter parts of the cylinders 2 and 2' opening into a common chamber .4 having a spring loaded outletvalve l2.
  • the valve I2 is carried by a plug I2 having-a tapered lower face co-operating with a tapered washer 12 to provide an air-tight joint.
  • the rods are formed of two diameters for the purpose described in the specification of the application Serial No. 1,400, but for the purposes ofthelpresent invention it is merely necessary to discuss the smaller diameter parts I and I" of the rods and to regard them as two pump elements discharging into a common chamber 4.
  • The'pa-rts 2, 2 of the cylinders in which the pistons I and l operate communicate through a valve l3 and a passage H with a chamber [0, the various chambers being interconnected by a passage l6 and these chambers are supplied with fuel in the arrangement shown by the larger diameter parts 3, 3 of the rods l, I which feed fuel from a passage 1 and passage 6 to the chambers it through passages 8 and past non-return valves 9.
  • the pumping effect is obtained by reciprocating the rods forming the pistons I, 3 and l, 3' by a cam 25 through intermediate members or followers 21, 2?.
  • the plates 28, 28' are movable in a direction which is in a plane transverse with respect to the direction of movement of the pistons.
  • the 'tworods forming the piston I, and! are I spring loaded so as tohold them against their intermediate members 2?, 2i and these members against their cam 26, this preferably being 'effected by 'a' single spring 30 which is coiled around a stationary'pin 3i and has its central portion 32 exte'nded to form areaction point and its two ends 33 received within apertures in the respective rods. 5
  • the movement of the sliding plates 28, 2B is regulated by a tongue or protuberance 34, 34 extending across the sliding plateat an inclination to the axis of the cam shaft, the tongues engaging grooves formed in a plane parallel with. the plane of movement ofthe plates 28, 28 but in a transverse direction with respect to the direction of movement of the plates 28, 28;
  • The-degree of sensitiveness of adjustment is a measure of the angle of the grooves or tongues. The smaller the angle formed between a line passing through the centre of the tongue and a line representing the direction of 'movement of the bars, the greater will be the length of travel of the associated bar 35 or 35' to effect a similar movement of the sliding plates 28, 28. And, further, the smaller the angle as mentioned the less will'be the reaction of the cam thrust on the sliding plates and with a very small angle and a long travel of the control bars 35, 35 the reaction is very small and the control takes place in a plane approaching right angles to the plane of reaction of the sliding plates. l
  • Any thrust imparted to the control bars in a horizontal direction may be taken up either by the walls of the casing of the apparatus, or where necessary by rollers or ball bearings 31, and the bar sliding in a direction at right angles to such thrust, is free from any reaction.
  • the sliding able upon the quantity of fuel to be delivered, thus automatically ensuring the fuel injection meeting the load placed upon the engine.
  • the regulation of delivery as described is effected by hand for quick operation but for regular running and the other conditions imposed on the fuel supply there is provided a governor.
  • the governor consists of a liquid supply, preferably lubricating oil of low viscosity, to a cham-' her in which reciprocates a piston or the like on one control bar, this bar having a reaction spring.
  • a controlled orifice such as a needle valve or the like.
  • Liquid supply which is effected at a ratio proportional to the speed of the engine, is obtained in the arrangement shown by two plungers 4
  • These plungers when at one end of their stroke uncover passages 47 opening to a supply chamber 48 to allow liquid toflow into the plungers: this liquid is forced by the plungers 4t, 42 when mov ing on their delivery stroke past non-return valves 49, 50 to a chamber 5
  • the orifice is regulated by a valve 56 which has a screw threaded shank 51 so thatby rotating the shank, the orifice is covered or uncovered to a greater. or lesser extent, the orifice opening into thechamber48
  • the double piston arrangement described also possesses the further advantage of distributing the power required to operate the'pump.
  • the drawings incorporate apparatus in accordance with the invention described and claimed in the co-pending application Serial No. 1,400 and to effect this the pistons l and I are made a slack fit in their cylinders and the pistons 3, 3"feed fuel not only to the chambers l0 but also to the clearance left by the slack it.
  • the chamber 10 is in communication with the passage lfi extending through a chamber l6 and passage I6 and tube 20 to a vent formed by a spring loaded valve I!
  • the-tube 20 extends into a second tube 2! depending from a block 22 carrying the valve H the second tube 2
  • the first tube 20 may have at its upper end a small orifice which, while allowing fuel to pass, will prevent or offer a large resistance to the passage of mercury.
  • a relief valve arrangement is provided in order to prevent the generation of unduly high pressure.
  • This relief valve is in the form of a piston 64 which carries the valve 62 and is urged by a spring 66, this spring being such as to allow the piston to be displaced against the spring 66 when the pressure generated by the plunger exceeds a predetermined value.
  • a plug l5 closing the end of the passage 15 is arranged to form a housing vfor a springloade'd plunger l5 which reacts to maintain pressure in the passage l5.
  • a spring loaded diaphragm could be employed.
  • Said plunger F provides resilience in the system so that the capacity of the system may vary,. the plunger being spring loaded for this purpose so as to give or yield when thecapacity of the system is required to increase.
  • a small hand operated piston pump 61 is provided in communication ;through a non-return valve 6.8 with the fuel supply passage 1 and through a non-return valve 69- with the storage pressure side of the pumps (i. e. with the passage 15) this hand operated pump forces fuel through all the passages and drives air out through the spring loaded ventl'l.
  • the casing of the pump assembly in two parts which are held together by dove-tailed recessed plates :70, the dove-tailed sides being slightly tapered, which engage projections H which are formed. coniointly by the two parts and are similarly .taperedz. thus, by forcing the plates 10 on to the projections 11, the two parts are drawn firmly together.
  • Ida fuel pump two reciprocabl'e pump elements, at conduit into which both elements discharge, rotary cam'mechanism reciprocating the pump elements,'-followers interposed between the cammechanismand pump elements, guide members in which the-followers areis'lidably guided and constrained to move in the same direction as the respective pump elements, anti-friction means mounting at least one of the guide members for movement in a plane transverse with respect to ,the direction of movement of the follower guided thereby, and means to effect movement of the movable guide member tovary the position of the associated follower with respect to the cam mechanism.
  • a'fuel pump two reciprocable pump elements, a conduit into which both elements dis charge, rotary cam mechanism reciprocating the pump elements, followers interposed between the cam mechanism and pump elements, guide members in which the followers are slidably' guided and constrained to move in the same direction as the respective pump elements, anti-friction means mounting at least one of the guide members for movement in a plane transverse with respect to the direction of the movement of the follower guided thereby, a control member for the movable guide member, anti-friction means mounting the control member for movement in a plane parallel with that of the guide member and in a direction at right angles to the direction of movement of the guidemember, and an inclined tongue and groove connection between the control member, and the guide member so that movement of the control member efiects movement of the guide member to vary the position oftheassoci+ at'ed follower withlrespect to the cam mechanism.
  • two reciprocablepump elements -a conduit into, which both elements discharge, rotary cammechanism reciprocating the pump elements; followers interposed between the cam mechanism and .theipump. elements, guide members in which the followers areguided to move in the same direction'as the'associa'ted pump elements, means "mounting the guide members for movement. in a plane.
  • a plurality of pumps each comprising two pump elements discharging into a common discharge, rotary cam mechanism reciprocating the pump elements, followers interposed between the cam mechanism and the pump elements, guide members in which the followers are slidably guided and constrained to move in the same direction as the respective pump elements, means mounting at least one of the members for movement in a plane transverse with respect to the direction of movement of the follower guided thereby, a control member for corresponding movable guide members of all the pumps, means guiding the control member for movement in a plane parallel with that of the guide members and in a direction at right angles thereto, and
  • a plurality of pumps each comprising two pump elements discharging into a common discharge, rotary cam mechanism reciprocating the pump elements, followers interposed between the cam mechanism and the pump elements, guide members in which the followers are guided to move in the same direction as the associated pump elements, means mounting the guide members for movement in a plane transverse with respect to the direction of movement of the followers guided thereby, two control members one each for the corresponding guide members of the plurality of pumps, means guiding the control members for movement in a plane parallel with that of the guide members and in a direction at right angles to the direction of movement of the guide members, means converting movement of the control members into movement at right angles thereto of the guide members to vary the setting of the corresponding followers simultaneously, and means transmitting movement from one control member to the other control member.
  • a plurality of pumps each comprising two pump elements discharging into a common discharge, rotary cam mechanism reciprocating the pump elements, followers interposed between the cam mechanism and the pump elements, guide members in which the followers are slidably guided and constrained to move in the same direction as the respective pump elements, means mounting at least one of the members for movement in a plane transverse with respect to the direction of movement of the follower guided thereby, a control member for corresponding movable guide members of all the pumps, means guiding the control member for movement in a plane parallel with that of the guide members and in a direction at right angles thereto, and inclined tongue and groove means converting movement of the control member into movement at right angles thereto of the said movable guide members to vary the setting of the corresponding followers of the plurality of pumps with respect to ity of pumps, means guiding the control members for movement in a plane parallel with that of the guide members and in a direction at right angles to the direction of movement of the guide members, inclined tongue and groove means converting movement of the control members into movement at right angles thereto

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
US39851A 1934-10-30 1935-09-09 Pump Expired - Lifetime US2053027A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR785938D FR785938A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1934-10-30
US39851A US2053027A (en) 1934-10-30 1935-09-09 Pump

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2518535A GB446722A (en) 1934-10-30 1934-10-30 Improvements in or relating to reciprocating pumps
US140035A 1935-01-11 1935-01-11
US39851A US2053027A (en) 1934-10-30 1935-09-09 Pump

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Publication Number Publication Date
US2053027A true US2053027A (en) 1936-09-01

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US39851A Expired - Lifetime US2053027A (en) 1934-10-30 1935-09-09 Pump

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US (1) US2053027A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR785938A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3040723A (en) * 1959-03-19 1962-06-26 Daimler Benz Ag Fuel-injection adjusting device
US3138038A (en) * 1960-03-11 1964-06-23 Daimler Benz Ag Fuel-injection adjusting device
US3330265A (en) * 1963-12-04 1967-07-11 Sigma Fuel injection pumps for internal combustion engines
US3815563A (en) * 1971-11-24 1974-06-11 E Stinsa Fuel injection system for multiple cylinder internal combustion engine
FR2671380A1 (fr) * 1991-01-04 1992-07-10 Bosch Gmbh Robert Dispositif d'injection de carburant pour les moteurs a combustion interne a injection.

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3425522A1 (de) * 1984-07-11 1986-01-23 Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Friedrichshafen Gmbh, 7990 Friedrichshafen Dieselmotor mit jedem zylinder zugeordneter einspritzpumpe

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3040723A (en) * 1959-03-19 1962-06-26 Daimler Benz Ag Fuel-injection adjusting device
US3138038A (en) * 1960-03-11 1964-06-23 Daimler Benz Ag Fuel-injection adjusting device
US3330265A (en) * 1963-12-04 1967-07-11 Sigma Fuel injection pumps for internal combustion engines
US3815563A (en) * 1971-11-24 1974-06-11 E Stinsa Fuel injection system for multiple cylinder internal combustion engine
FR2671380A1 (fr) * 1991-01-04 1992-07-10 Bosch Gmbh Robert Dispositif d'injection de carburant pour les moteurs a combustion interne a injection.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR785938A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1935-08-21

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