US2052104A

US2052104A - Calculating machine

Info

Publication number: US2052104A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1936-08-25
Anticipated expiration: 1953-08-25

Description

19360 R. MULLER CALCULATING MACHINE Filed June 1955 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOA 1% pr 4 772L49 m Maw, 49%

ATTORNEYS Aug. 25," 1936. R, L, MULLgR 2,052,104

7 CALCULATING MACHINE Filed June 21, 1935 I 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 HUN INVENTOR Polrerf A. mu/er ,MWM

W w ATTORNEYS Aug. 25, 1936. R. L. MULLER 2,052404 CALCULATING MACHINE Filed June 21, 1953 v Sheetsz--$het 3 8/ Pig 5 //5 77 66 67 "IIIHIIIII IIIIIIIIII'Z!!I:' qr

INVENTOR Hokerf AWE/Her MMMM ATTORNEYS Aug. 25, 1936. R. L; MULLER 2,052,104

CALCULATI NG MACHINE Filed June 21, 1935 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 nuuuuuumnnmqmpw INVENTOR 1936. R. MULLER CALCULATING MACHINE Filed June 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Aug. 25, 1936. MULLER 2,052,104

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed June 21, 1933 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 Aug. 25, 1936.

Fig.1 2..

Left Front Total Left From. Total Left Rear Total R. L. MULLER CALCULATING MACHINE Filed June, 21, 1933 CHAIN STORE DISTRIBUTION- STORE #1 Dept A Clerk #1 Clerk #2 Department Total Clerk #5 Clerk #4 Dept B 18 .00 Department Total TOTAL FOR STORE #1 5'1 .00%

STORE #2 Clerk #1 GRAND TOTAL 1765-50 FOR ALL STORES 7 Sheets-Sheep '7 Right Front Total Right Front Total Right Front, Total Right Front Total Right Rear Total INVENTOR Fokrf L. md/er ATTORNEYS Patented Aug. 25, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CALCULATING MACHINE Application'June 21, 1933, Serial No. 676,890

13 Claims.

This invention relates to calculating machines and it is particularly adaptable to calculating machines of the 10-key type.

In many uses of calculating machines, such as in making records of chain store operations, it is desirable to be able to list and accumulate certain sales in two or more registers and to take, first, the totals of the sales in any one register independently of those in other registers; second, the

total of the sales accumulated in two or more registers; and, third, to take a grand total of all sales. It is desirable to be able to perform these operations with the least possible effort and as automatically as possible.

In order to accomplish these results it is necessary to have a plurality of registers, but the addition of registers to an existing type of machine is generally not a simple problem. Many times there is not room for these registers, or if, theoretically, there is room, the addition of them may involve so many complications and so much expense, as to be impractical.

The object of the present invention is to increase the register capacity of a calculating machine, particularly a machine of the 10-key type, in a novel and simple manner.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the following description of one embodiment of this invention given in connection with the drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a left side elevation of a 10-key calculator with certain parts removed having the novel features of this invention embodied therein;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary plan detail of the left end of the keyboard illustrating the control keys for totalizing the four sections of the registers employed in the illustrated machine;

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the stationary field of pins and movable pin carriage;

Fig. 4 is a front elevation of a portion of the stationary field of pins and movable pin carriage after one of the amount keys has been depressed and released and with a second amount key in depressed condition;

Fig. 5 is a rear elevation showing the means controlling the release of the rack bars for the right and left sections of the machine, the parts being in normal position;

Fig. 6 is a left side sectional elevation illustrating the rack bars, stationary set of pins, movable pin carriage, actuating levers therefor, and the printing mechanism all in normal or restored positions;

Fig. 7 is a left side elevation partly in section illustrating the two divided registers each of which has two sections or independent registers, the rack bars and controls, all parts being in normal or restored position;

Fig. 8 isa rear elevation of one series of registers, the rack bars and control means for selectively disabling the right or left sections of the rack bars, all parts being in normal or restored positions;

Fig. 9 is a partial front elevation showing the key levers and indexing means in normal or restored position with the base omitted;

Fig. 10 is a partial left side elevation of the control means for disabling the right or left sections of rack bars and illustrating the left section released for a totalizing operation and the right section disabled or blocked against movement;

Fig. 11 is a view similar to Fig. 10 illustrating the parts in reverse condition, that is, with the left section blocked against movement and the right section released for totalizing; and Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic sketch of a record sheet illustrating the type of record that may be printed by this machine.

The invention will be more easily understood if a typical example of work is first explained.

Typical example of work Fig. 12 illustrates a sample of work in connection with chain store accounting.

In chain stores, it is desirable to know what sales each clerk has made, the total sales of a particular department, the total sales for a given store, and the grand total for all the stores. Naturally it is not desired to have to depress the keys and enter each item a plurality of times corresponding to the number of different totals wanted.

The present machine provides a construction which permits each item to be entered on the amount keys only once, to accumulate the item in the necessary registers and to perform the necessary printing operations, without any further action on the part of the operator except the manipulation of the appropriate total keys and either the usual motor bar or handle.

In order to accumulate the different totals, a plurality of registers is required and, for convenience in explanation, these will be referred to as the Right Front, the Right Rear, the Left Front and the Left Rear registers.

Coming now to the sample of work:

Clerk No. 1 in Department A of Store No. 1 makes a sale involving two items of $3.00 and $5.00 each. Each of these items is entered, the

machine being given a cycle of operation after Front", the Right Rear, the Left Front, and

the Left Rear registers.

When a total of the sales of Clerk No. 1 is desired, it is obtained by taking a total from the Right Front register, the total being $8.00. This clears the Right Front register, but leaves the total in the other three registers.

Clerk No. 2 in Department A of Store No. 1 makes two sales of $6.00 and $5.00 each. These are entered in the same way as those of Clerk No. 1 and a total ($11.00) is taken from the Right Front register, which leaves the latter clear, but leaves the latter sales in the other three registers.

If, now, the sales of Department A of Store No. 1 are wanted, a total ($19.00) can be taken from the Left Front register which clears the latter but leaves the items in the two other registers, namely, the Right Rear and the Left Rear registers.

Clerk No. 3 of Department B now makes two sales of $4.00 and $6.00 each. These are entered and recorded in the same manner as those above explained, after which a total of the sales of Clerk No. 3 ($10.00) can be obtained by taking a total from the Right Front register which clears it but leaves the amount in the other three registers.

Clerk No. 4 of Department B makes two sales of $1.00 and $7.00 each which are entered, after which a total ($8.00 is taken from the Right Fron register which is cleared.

If, now, the sales of Department B of Store No. 1 are wanted, the total can be taken from the "Left Front register, which gives these sales, namely, $18.00, in the example illustrated, and clears the Left Front register.

If the total sales for Store No. l are wanted, a total can be taken from the Right Rear register, which in the example illustrated, will be $37.00, and clears the Right Rear" register.

The same procedure can be followed in connection with

stores

2, 3, etc., bearing in mind that at the completion of the records for each store the Right Front, Left Front and the Right Rear registers will be clear, but the Left Rear register will not be clear. It contains the total sales.

At the completion of records for all stores, a. total can be taken from the Left Rear" register which will give the grand total for all the stores. In the example illustrated, this is $1765.50, and clears the entire machine.

From this it will be obvious that it has been necessary to enter each individual sale only once. Nevertheless, each item has been printed and a running total has been kept at all times so that the sales by salesmen, by departments, by stores, and a grand total can'be taken at any time.

By providing the additional register capacity, as will be later explained, the totals can be further segregated and additional records kept, but it is not considered necessary to go into the details of a specific example of complicated work.

General calculating machine features iin s Patent 1,336,904, April 13, 1920. Machines of this type embody a typewriter mechanism as well as a calculating mechanism.

The typewriter mechanism has not been illustrated, but is operated by suitable type keys i (Fig. 1).

The calculating mechanism is of the ten key type and includes ten digit or amount keys 2 representing digits from 0" to 9 inclusive.

The digit keys 2 are connected to key levers 3 pivoted at 0 and having their rear ends positioned under vertically movable index bars 5. There is an index bar for each key and these bars are located in a row (Fig. 1). When one of the digit keys 2 is depressed its lever 3 is rocked clockwise as viewed in Fig. 1 and the rear end of the lever raises the corresponding index bar 5.

An item entered on the digit keys is indexed in a laterally movable pin carriage 6. Mounted in this pin carriage are a plurality of rows of movable pins 7 (Fig. 1), the different rows corresponding to the different orders of the machine, such as units, tens, hundreds, etc. The pin carriage is urged to the left, as viewed from the front of the machine, by a spring 8 (Figs. 5 and 6) and its lateral movement is under the control of an escapement mechanism so that the pin carriage will move one space to the left after each digit key has been depressed and released.

The escapement mechanism is preferably of the type shown in the heretofore mentioned Hopkins patent, or similar to that shown in Thieme 1,143,240. This mechanism is operated each time a digit key is depressed and for this purpose a vertically slidable member [0 (Fig. 3) is provided which carries a blade it upon its lower end engageable by each of the key levers 3 to raise the member I0. The upper end of member ID is connected to an escapement dog l2, having a nose I3 engaging the teeth of a rack l4 movable with the pin carriage 6. Upon vertical movement of the member 10, the nose l3 of dog I2 is raised out of engagement with the rack but, before disengagement of the nose, a narrow finger I 5 moves into a space between two rack teeth and permits only a slight leftward movement of the pin carriage when the nose l3 clears the rack. Upon return movement of the depressed key, the finger l5 moves out of engagement with the rack, which releases the carriage but the nose l3 reengages a succeeding tooth of the rack to limit the carriage movement to one tooth space.

In the machine. of the Hopkins patent, the first digit key depressed raises its corresponding pin 7 in the first row of pins at the left hand end of the carriage and, when the key is released the carriage steps over a space so that the next row of pins comes over the ends of the index bars 5. The second key depressed then sets up a pin in the second row and the pin carriage subsequently moves another space to theleft. This operation continues until the entire item has been set up in the traveling pin carriage.

After the pins I have been set, the machine is given a cycle of operation during which the pin carriage 6 is raised by being swung about its pivot is (Fig. 3). The raising of the pin carriage brings its pins 1 into engagement with vertically movable pins 20 in a stationary field of pins or stops. This sets up pins 20 in the stationary field corresponding to the pins that were set up in the traveling pin carriage 6.

The pins in the stationary field act as stc s for a plurality of actuator racks 2| carried by pivoted arms 22 (Fig. 1). The racks have stop lugs 23 (Fig. 1) on them adapted to engage any of the pins 20 that may be projected. These rack bars are normally held rearward by a bail 24 in front of the arms 22 (Fig. 1) but, during the forward stroke of operation of the machine, this bail moves forward and releases the arms 22 so as to permit springs 25 to move the actuator racks forward to differential positions.

The rack bars 2| carry type 26 (Figs. 1 and 6) at their front ends and, after the rack bars havebeen differentially positioned, a printing mechanism, including hammers 21, is operated to print the item that has been entered.

Front and

rear registers

30 and 3| are provided in the machines of the Hopkins patent and they are moved into and out of engagement with the actuator racks 2| at appropriate times to perform calculating functions such as addition, totaling, sub-totaling, transfer of totals, etc. The mechanism for moving these registers into and out of engagement with the racks has not been illustrated in detail but is disclosed in said Hopkins patent. A portion of it is shown at 32 in Fig. 1. Suitable controls are provided to enable either the front or the rear or both registers to be engaged with the racks during addition operations so that items may be added in either register or in both registers simultaneously. These controls are well known in the art and are shown in detail in Thieme 1,321,260.

The machine is provided with a traveling paper carriage 34 supporting a platen 35 and this carriage has suitable tappets 36 for controlling certain functions of the machine. These tappets, in the machine that has been illustrated, cause both the front and rear registers to engage the actuator racks during a cycle of operation of the machine with the carriage in certain predetermined columnar positions so thatQwhen an item is entered in the machine, it will be entered in both the front and rear registers simultaneously.

Briefly, the machine operates as follows:

After an amount has been set up in the travel ing pin carriage by depressing the amount keys, the machine is given a cycle of operation by depressing a motor bar or manipulating a hand crank. During the forward stroke of operation of the machine, the traveling pin carriage is raised to set the pins 20 in the stationary field of stops after which the rack bars 2| are released and they move forward under the influence of their springs to differential positions determined by the pins 20 of the stationary field. After the rack bars have been positioned, the printing mechanism operates to print the amount corresponding to the keys that have been depressed. At the beginning of the return stroke, and before the racks start to return to normal, either one or both of the registers are rock-ed into engagement with the racks so that, during the return of the racks to normal, the amount indexed by the keys will be added into one or both registers.

When a total is taken, a suitable total key is depressed and the machine is given a cycle of operation during which the rack bars move forward under the control of one of the sets of register pinions. After the rack bars are positioned, the printing mechanism operates to print the total. The register is then rocked out of engagement with the racks, which leaves it clear, and the racks are returned to normal.

For a more detailed description of the operation of the machine and the various mechanisms heretofore mentioned reference is made to the aforementioned Hopkins patent.

Multiple registers As previously mentioned, the machine with which the invention is illustrated is normally equipped with two

registers

30 and 3|, one being called the front and the other the rear register. These registers are each of 15 pinion capacity, that is, there are fifteen co-axial register pinions in each register. Each of the pinions is mounted to rotate independently of the others and a suitable tens transfer mechanism is provided for them.

Instead of adding more registers to the machine to increase its register capacity the present invention enables the two registers above mentioned to be used in a manner to give results the same as if there were four independent registers. In other words, the number of registers is doubled, i. e., the register capacity of the machine is doubled.

For this purpose the pinions of each register are divided into groups, or register sections, that is, the first seven pinions on the right constitute one group or section and the eight pinions on the left constitute another group or section. Each section constitutes a complete register. Combinations of mechanisms hereinafter described are then provided to enable multiple register functions to be performed.

Tens transfer mechanism While transfers or carrys must take place between the pinions of each group, there must be no transfers from one group to another. Otherwise wrong results would be obtained. To provide against this, the tens transfer mechanism is split as between the groups of pinions. The transfer mechanism is the same for each set of pinions, hence only one transfer mechanism will be described and this only briefly.

Referring to Fig. 7, the tens transfer mechanism includes transfer racks or segments 40 of which there is one for each order except the right-hand pinion of the entire group; These segments are urged counterclockwise from the position shown in Fig. 7 by springs, not shown. Each register pinion has a wide tooth 4| which, when the pinion moves from its 9 to or through its 0 position, engages the nose of a pivoted pawl 42 and rocks the latter counterclockwise to cause its lug 43 to move a pivoted member 44 counterclockwise. The latter carries a stud 45 position-ed under latch 46 connected to the transfer segment 40 for the pinion of next higher order. The latch 46 is normally in the latching position of Fig. 7 where it holds the transfer segment 40 through engagement with a comb plate 41. When the member 44 is rocked counterclockwise by movement of a given pinion, as just explained, the latch 46 is freed, whereupon the transfer segment 40 for the next higher order is freed to move counterclockwise about its pivot. This movement is limited, however, by a shaft or bail 48 which extends under the tails of all the transfer segments. The rotation of the register pinions occurs, of course, while the pinions are in engagement with the racks and out of engagement with the transfer segments and such of the latches 46 as are released by the pinions, are released while the pinions are out of engagement with the transfer segments. The slight movement of the segments just explained is called the "initial carry. When the pinions are rocked out of engagement with the racks and into engagement with the transfer segments, the shaft 48 is moved to free the transfer segments to permit their full movement in a counterclockwise direction to effect the necessary full carry which is then transmitted to the register pinions.

In order to prevent a carry from the right-hand to the left-hand group of pinions, the stud on the member 64 which is between the seventh and eighth pinions from the right is omitted. Consequently, even though the member is rocked by the seventh pinion, it will not trip the latch 6% for the eighth order, that is, the first order of the left-hand group of pinions.

In this way, transfers between the groups of pinions or between one register and another is prevented.

- Multiple indexing When an item is entered on the amount or digit keys of the machine. it is desired to have this item entered in all of the registers. But it is not desired to have to enter the itemon the digit keys several times, or to manipulate special keys, or put the machine through a special series of operations in order to have the item entered in the necessary registers. Accordingly, provision has been made so that the item will be entered automatically in the desired number of registers during an ordinary cycle of operation of the machine after the item has been entered once on the amount keys.

Each vertical indexing bar 5 for each amount key is provided at its upper end with a pair of spaced fingers (Fig. 3). The pins 7 in the movable pin carriage B are divided into right and left group sections, seven pins in the left section, seven pins in the right section and the two fingers 50 are so spaced as to simultaneously set up pins of like orders in each of the two sections. Any item entered on the keys is thus automatically indexed in multiple. The pins 1 in the right-hand section will hereinafter be referred to as the pins IR and those in the left-hand section as IL.

As previously mentioned, after the pins in the movable pin carriage have been set, and, during a cycle of operation of the machine, the pin carriage is raised to set up corresponding pins 20 in a stationary field of stops. This stationary field is also divided into a right and a left section and the pins of the right-hand section will hereinafter be referred to as the pins 20R and those of the left-hand section as 20L. There are seven rows of pins in the right-hand group 20R and eight rows in the left group 20L.

In order that the indexing bars 5, the pins IR and IL of the movable pin carriage, the pins 20R and 20L of the stationary field of stops, and the rack bars 2| may all cooperate properly, certain novel features of construction have been developed.

When all the rows of pins 1 of the traveling pin carriage 6 are used as a group, as in the Hopkins patent referred to, the normal position of the carriage, prior to indexing, is one step to the right of the right-hand row of pinions of the stationary field. Then, when the first pin 1 is indexed, the carriage 6 moves one step to the left, which puts the indexed pin under the first row of pins 20 in the stationary field. The carriage has a range of movement of. fifteen spaces to the left before the right-hand row of pins on the movable pin carriage 5 passes beyond the range of the index bars 5.

But, in the present case, two sets of pins MR and 20L must be indexed in the stationary field. Accordingly, the normal position of the traveling pin carriage 6 is that shown in Fig. 3 where the left end pin this directly over the left finger 5d and the left-hand group of pins FL is under certain of the pins 20R of the stationary field.

When the pin carriage 6 is started in the position of Fig. 3, it has a range of movement of only I seven steps'to the left before pins lL move out of the range of the fingers 50 on the indexing bars 5. While seven steps of movement would move the pins 7R out of the range of the right-hand finger 56, these pins lR would just be coming into the range of the left-hand finger 53 if provisions were not made to the contrary. Obviously, if the left-hand finger 50 could then set up pins in the right-hand group 'iR wrong results would be obtained. v

In order to avoid this, the right group of pins 7R of the pin carriage 8 are spaced from the left group 'lL a greater distance than the distance between any two rows of pins. This distance is about one and a half times the ordinary space between the rows. Also, the lower ends of the pins 20R of the right section of the stationary field are straight while the lower ends of the pins 20L of the left section are offset so that the pins 1L will register properly with them as the carriage 6 steps to the left.

With this construction, assume that the travel= ing pin carriage has moved seven steps to the left and that another digit key is depressed. At the time this occurs, the group of pins IR is beyond the right-hand finger 50 and no pin 7R will be set up by it. Also, since there is a space between the two sets of pins IR and IL, the left-hand finger 50, instead of setting up a pin IR, as would be the case if the construction just described had not been provided, will move into the space between the two sets. of pins IR and IL without setting up any pin. While this depression of a digit key will tend to release the escapement for the traveling pin carriage 6, a full operation of the escapement is prevented by a lug 5| (Fig. 3) on the rack M which limits against the vertical slide 10 of the escapement mechanism to limit the travel of carriage 6 and block further movement of the escapement.

Multiple sets of rack bars In order to make the necessary entries and perform totaling operations in connection with the different sets or groupsof register pinions, the rack bars must also be divided into groups and these must be controlled by a novel mecha'nism in order that they will function properly under the various conditions of operation.

The first seven rack bars on the right constitute one group or section and the bars of this group will hereafter be referred to as rack bars ZIR. The eight rack bars on the left constitute the other group or section and these will hereinafter be referred to as the rack bars 2IL. In entering items additive in the Hopkins machine referred to, the rec bars are released only in the orders corresponding to the digit keys that have been depressed. For example, if an item such as $1.25 were entered, only the three rack bars on the right would be released for indexing during a cycle of operation of the machine. The other rack bars would be blocked against movement by the fact that the pin carriage carries a plate, which, when the pin carriage is raised,

in position by latch, 66 pivoted at 61.

raises a row of zero stop pins 52 in the stationary field of pins 20. The plate that raises these pins moves with the carriage and, as the carriage moves to the left while an item is being indexed, the plate clears the rows of pins in the stationary field corresponding to the orders that have been indexed so that no zero stop pins are set up in these orders when the carriage is raised. But, the plate will set up zero stops in all orders to the left of the last order to the left in which a digit was indexed.

But it will be clear that such a plate would not give the proper results in connection with the present inventionbecause certain rack bars must be released in both the right and left hand groups,

- shown in Fig. 6. The group of zero stop pins 52R are provided with rear extensions Bl which are aligned with the blade 55 but out of alignment with the group 52L.

With this construction as the carriage 6 is stepped to the left (or right in Fig. 5) both blades move with it. Assuming that the carriage has moved three spaces, both the

blades

55 and 56 will have moved to the left beyond the first three right hand orders of their respective group of stationary pins 20R and 20L. When the carriage 6 is raised, each blade will raise the correct zero stops in its group of pins without interfering with the other group.

' Printing controls With the rack bars divided into sections, special control of the printing mechanism in printing items and in the taking of totals must be provided. In order to understand how this mechanism operates, it is necessary to partially explain the print ing mechanism. The printing mechanism is substantially the same for each order of the machine and only one order will be described.

Referring to Figure 6, the power for operating the printing mechanism is supplied by shaft 60 which is rocked clockwise and returned counterclockwise during each cycle of operation of the machine. Fixed to this shaft is a frame having side arms 6| provided with projections 62 to which springs 63 are connected. The other ends of these springs are connected to a firing member 64 pivoted loosely on the shaft 60 and provided with a tail piece 65. The firing member is normally held The rear end of this latch is normally in front of the tail .65 f the firing member 64 and the front end of against movement. moves forward, the cam edge of the notch in the rack bar moves the latch 66 clockwise and releases the firing member. But the firing member will not immediately move its printing hammer.

The firing member 64 carries a stud 10 posiv tioned above the tail H of the hammer 21 pivoted .at 12, This hammer is latched against movement by a latch l3 hooked over a stud l4 and urged clockwise by a spring '15. The latch 13 has a tail in the path of a tripping stud 16 on the arm 6|.

Assuming that the machine is given a cycle of operation and that the rack bar 2| has moved forward to release its latch 66, as the shaft 60 moves 5 clockwise, it tensions the springs 63 because the firing member 64 cannot move as it is held by the stud l0 engaging against the tail H of hammer 21 which isheld by latch '13. Near the end of the forward stroke of the machine, and after the rack bar 2! has been differentially positioned, the stud 76 on arm 6| engages the tail of latch 13 and releases said latch. Thereupon, the hammer 21 is quickly fired to printing position by the firing member 64 which is moved under the tension of its springs 63.

Provision is made for printing ciphers to the right by having each of the latches 66 provided with a projection ll which overlaps the latch 66 to the left. Accordingly, when a latch in a given order is released by the movement of its rack bar, the latches 66 in all orders to the right will also be released, which means that the printing hammers in all orders to the right will be fired during the cycle of operation of the machine. In any orders to the right in which the rack bars have not been released, the 0 types will be struck to print Os.

But it is not desired to print Zeros to the right from one group of rack bars to the other and, in order to avoid this, the projection ll between the latches of the adjacent groups is omitted. Consequently, no Os will be printed to the right beyond the units order of the left hand group.

Also, in listing items, it is not desired to print 35 the item twice, that is, under the control of both the right and the left groups of rack bars. In the present machine, provision is made for printing the items from the right hand group of rack. bars, but not from the left.

Referring to Figure 6, a bail i8 is provided which normally blocks all the firing members 64 for the left hand section of the printing mechanism. This bail is fixed to a shaft l9 which also has an arm '19 fixed to it. The shaft and the bail are urged counterclockwise to the positions of Figure 6 by a spring 19 attached to the arm 19 To review, when items are entered in the machine and the machine given a cycle of operation, rack bars will be released in all orders in both the right and left hand groups of racks corresponding to the keys depressed. In orders higher than the highest digit indexed, no rack bars will be released in either group because of the plates 55 55 and 56 heretofore described. During the printing operation, the item will be printed under the control of the right hand group of rack bars and ciphers will be printed to the right. But during this printing operation, all the firing members for the hammers of the left hand section of the printing mechanism will be blocked and no printing will occur in the left hand section.

Certain further controls are provided in connection with total taking, but these will be described as the total taking mechanism is explained.

Selective total taking In taking totals in a calculating machine the actuator racks are usually released so that they may move under the control of the register pinions in order to index the amount of the total so as to be able to print it. But, it will be apparent that, if all the racks in a machine of the character described were released at the time of total taking, it would be impossible to properly position the racks because they would be under the control of a plurality of registers. Further, if they could be positioned as, for example, by the right and left hand groups of pinions that are coaxial, two totals would be printed in line with one another, whereas, the desired result is to have the totals taken selectively. A novel mechanism has been provided for enabling the totals to be taken separately as desired.

Referring to Fig. 2, four total keys have been provided marked Right Front, Right Rear, Left Front and Left Rear. The respective totals may be taken by selectively depressing these keys and giving the machine a cycle of operation.

1. Left front total The Left Front total key 88 is connected to one arm of a bell crank lever 8i carried by a pivot shaft 32. The other arm of this bell crank lever extends upward and is immediately to the rear of a lug 83 (Fig. 2) on a lever 86 loose on the shaft 82*. The upper end of lever 86 is connected to a rod of link 85 which extends to the rear of the machine where it is connected to the lower end of a latch 86 (Fig. 7) pivoted at 83 and urged clockwise by a spring 89 against a limit shaft 90. The latch 86 is normally positioned under the end of the dog 9i pivoted at 92 to a slide plate 93 and urged counterclockwise (Fig. 7) by a spring 96.

In front of the slide 93 is a bail as connected by a link lie to a crank 9i attached to a shaft 98 of the machine. This shaft is rotated once during each cycle of operation of the machine and this results in causing the ball 95 to be raised and lowered during each cycle. The parts are positioned so that the bail is raised very quickly at the beginning of a cycle of machine operation and is then lowered near the end of the cycle.

When the Left Front total key is depressed the link 85 is pulled forward which rocks latch 86 counterclockwise and releases the dog 9i which is thereupon rocked counterclockwise by its spring 96 into the path of ball 95 as shown in Fig. 10. As the bail 95 raises it strikes the dog and raises the slide plate 93. The slide plate 93 controls the blocking of the right group of rack bars ZiR.

Referring to Figs. 7 and 8, each rack bar of both the right and left groups is provided with a lateral lug H00 near its rear end. Positioned adjacent each rack bar is a vertically movable stop slide fill having a rearwardly extending arm W2 adapted, under certain conditions, to be raised into the path of the lug idll on its rack bar. The stop slide ifli is urged downwardly by a spring m3 (Fig. 6) and is guided by suitable cross bars of the machine.

Each stop slide lill also has a second rearwardly extending arm lfl l and depending from each of these arms is a pendant M5. The bottom ends of these pendants for the stop slides ielR for the right hand group of rack bars are positioned over a vertically slidable cross arm ittR (Fig. 8) that extends laterally across the machine. The pendants lUSL for the stop slides lillL for-the left hand group of rack bars are positioned over a vertically movable cross arm ifltL that extends laterally. The slides, cross arm 11MB and ittL are urged downward by springs new.

The upper edge of the slide 93 that is raised during a cycle of operation of the machine when the Left Front total key is depressed, has a fiat surface which is adapted to engage the cross arm illfiR near the upper end of the movement of slide 93 as shown in Fig. 10. The upper edge of the slide 93 has a notch H18 in it that receives the cross arm IGGL as the slide 93 reaches the 5 upper end of its movement. It will thus be clear that, when the slide 93 is raised during a cycle bf operation of the machine, it will raise the slide llltR which controls the stop slides HR for the right hand group of rack bars, but will not raise the slide IUGL which controls the stops IML for the left hand group of rack bars.

From the above it should be clear that, when the Left Front total key is depressed, the

are released by the bail 26. But, the raising or 25 the slide 93 does not move the cross arm ititL and does not raise the stops will for the left group of rack bars which are then free to move forward under the control of the Left Front group of register pinions.

It will be recalled that, normally, all the fir ing members 66 of the left hand section of the printing mechanism are blocked against movement by the bail 18. But, when a total is to be taken by means of the Left Front" total key. the

left section of the printing mechanism should be operable. To provide for this, the link @5 that is pulled forward when the Left Front" total key is depressed, has a collar ill! on it (Fig. l) positioned to engage the arm i ll of a bell crank lever pivoted at H2. The other arm i it of this lever is connected by a link I Hi to an arm i (Fig. 6) pivoted on (if and positioned over a stud M6 on the arm 19'. When the Left Front total key 80 is depressed the link 85 rocks the bell crank 45 l i i--i i3 counterclockwise andpulls down on link lid. This swings arm H5 counterclockwise and the latter moves the arm 79 the shaft is and the bail it in a counterclockwise direction, thus automatically freeing the left hand section of 50 the printing mechanism.

Depression of the Left Front" total key also conditions the total taking controls of the machine so that only the two front registers Left Front and Right Front are engaged with the racks for total taking. The rear registers remain inactive.

To review the totaling operation for the Left Front total, when the Left Front total key is 60 depressed, the total taking means for the ma chine is conditioned to take a total from the froht groups of registers but not from the rear. De= pression of this key also frees the firing members fi l for the left-hand section of the printing mech- 85 anism. It also releases the dog M to block the right section of racks by causing slide 93 to be raised and block the right hand group of rack bars against movement. The left-hand group of rack bars are, however, free and they move forward under the control of the left-hand group of front register pinions. After the rack bars have been differentially positioned, the left hand section of the printing mechanism operates to print the total. Since none of the rack bars 75 of the right-hand group have moved, none of the printing mechanism latches 66 of the right-hand group will have been released. And, since there is no connection between the left-hand section of the printing mechanism and the right-hand section, the right-hand section will not be operated because of the operation of the left-hand section.

The machine is thus automatically conditioned to take a total from the Left Front register and print the same without interfering with the condition of the other registers and without having a printing mechanism operate to print anything but the desired total.

2. Left rear total The Left Rear total key I20 (Fig. 2) is connected to one arm I2I of a bell crank lever pivoted on the shaft 82. The other arm I22 of this lever is behind a lug I23 on the lever 84 that is connected to the rearwardly extending link heretofore described. The bell crank I2I--I22 is also connected by a link I 24 to the total taking connections for conditioning the machine to take a total from the rear set of registers and not from the front.

When the Left Rear total key is depressed, the link 85 will be moved forward in the same manner as if the Left Front total key had been depressed. Accordingly, the parts are conditioned in the same manner as heretofore explained, that is, the dog 9| is released and, when the bail and slide 93 move upward, the stops for the right group of rack bars are raised but the stops for the left group are not. Also, since the link 85 moves forward the ball 18 is moved in the manner heretofore described to release the firing members of the left section of the printing mechanism.

Depression of the Left Rear" total key also conditions the total taking mechanism so that, as the machine is given a cycle of operation, the rear register pinions, including both the right and left groups, are rocked into engagement with the actuator racks at the appropriate time for taking a total.

In this manner a total may be taken from the left rear register without disturbing any of the other registers and without'movlng the right group of racks and without printing anything other than the desiredtotal.

3. Right frontfltotal The Right Front total key I30 (Figs. 1 and 2) is connected to one arm I3I (Fig. 9) of a bell crank lever pivoted at I32. The other arm I33 of this lever is positioned to the rear of a lug I34 on a lever I35 pivoted at I36. The upper end of lever I35 is connected to a rearwardly extending link I31 similar to the link 85 heretofore explained.

The link I3! is connected at its rear end to a latch I38 similar to the latch 86. This latch controls a dog I40 (Fig. 10) on a slide I4I similar to the slide'93. ,The slide MI is raised by the bail 95 in the same manner as the slide 93. The only difference between slides 93 and MI is that in the case of slide I the slot I42 in its top surface is positioned so as to receive the cross arm |06R instead of the arm I06L. In other words, when the slide MI is raised the slide stops IOIL for the left hand group of rack bars will be raised while those for the right hand group -will not be raised as shown in Fig. 11.

o It thus becomes evident that, when the right front total key is depressed, the left group of rack bars will be blocked against forward movement during the cycle of operation of the machine but the right group will be free to move forward to differential positions controlled by the right front register.

Depression of the Right Front total key acts through a link I44 (Fig. 9) to condition the total taking mechanism to cause the front register pinions including both right and left groups, to be rocked into engagement with the actuator racks at the appropriate time to take a total. The rear register pinions are not disturbed.

To briefly summarize, when the Right Front total key is depressed, the dog I40 is released 5 and, during the cycle of operation of the machine the slide I4I is raised. The stops IOIL for the left group of rack bars are raised so that these rack bars 2IL do not move forward. The right group of rack bars 2IR move to differen- 2 tial positions controlled by the right front group of register pinions. Since none of the rack bars in the left group move forward, none of their printing latches 66 will be released and no printing will occur in the left hand section of the 25 printing section. Also, the left section of the printing mechanism is blocked by the bail I8. But printing will occur in the right hand group in all orders in which rack bars are indexed, including provision for printing ciphers to the right 30 in said group.

In this way a total is taken from the right front register when the Right Front total key is depressed and the machine given a cycle of operation. This occurs without disturbing any of 35 the other registers, without moving the left hand group of racks and without printing anything other than the total wanted.

4. Right rear total The Right Rear total key I50 (Fig. 2) is connected to one arm |5I (Fig. 9) of a bell crank lever pivoted at I36. The other arm I53 of this bell crank is positioned to the rearof a lug I54 on the lever I35 that is connected to the rearwardly extending link I31.

Accordingly, when the Right Rear total key is depressed, the link I31 will be moved forward just the same as when the Right Front total key is depressed. This means that the dog I40 will be released and the slide I4I raised during a cycle of operation of the machine and the left group of rack bars will be blocked against movement.

Depression of the Right Rear total key I50 acts through a link I55 (Fig. 9) to condition the total taking means to cause the rear register pinions, including both the right and left groups, to engage the actuator racks at the appropriate time to take a total. But since the left rack bars are 60 blocked the left group of pinions will not be disturbed during a totaling operation. The left section of the printing mechanism remains blocked by the bail I8.

In this manner, the total is taken from the right rear group of pinions without disturbing the left rear group or any of the front groups. The printing mechanism operates to print only the desired total.

Transfer of totals The invention has been described in connection with a machine that is conditioned to cause illustrated. It is possible, however, to get desired totals in another way, such, for example, as the following:

Instead of having the machine conditioned to add each item into all four registers, the machine may be conditioned so that the item is entered only in the two front registers, that is, the Right Front and the Left Front registers. In other Words, during an adding operation either the front pinions, including both right and left groups, or the rear pinions, including both right and left groups, can be engaged with the racks. Then, when a total is taken from the Right Front or the Left Front register, 2. Rear Register Add key I60 (Fig. 2) is depressed. A key of this kind is provided on machines of the type disclosed in the Hopkins patent and, when such key is depressed with a Front Total key, for example, the Right Front total key, it causes the amount of the total in the Right Front register to be transferred into the Right Rear register at the time the Right Front" register is cleared. If the Register Add key is depressed with the Left Front total key and the machine given a cycle of operation, the total in the Left Front register will be transferred to the Left Rear register at the time a total is taken.

In this way, each time one of the front .reg-

isters is cleared, its total will be added into the Larger number of registers The invention has so far been described in connection with a machine of the type shown in the Hopkins patent in which there is a single set of co-axial front register pinions and a single set of co-axial rear register pinions. The register capacity of the machine has been doubled by means of the invention, that is, a machine that previously had a register capacity of two now has a register capacity of four with selective totaling from each register and control of the printing mechanism, rack bars, pin carriage, etc., so as to give the proper results under all conditions.

But the machine of the Hopkins patent is sometimes provided with a plurality of front co-axial registers which may be slid into place under the control of the paper carriage, all as explaned in said Hopkins Patent 1,336,904. The invention can be used with this type of machine also. In that event, the register pinions of each front register are divided into right and left hand groups. Otherwise the machine operates in the same manner as heretofore described and the register capacity of the machine is doubled, for example, in a machine having one rear register and three front registers or a total of four registers, the capacity of the machine, with the present invention, would be increased to eight registers.

The invention can also be used in connec tion with the Hopkins machine as provided with a rotary register magazine shown in Patent No. 1,920,477. In this machine the magazine is provided having twenty registers in it. Each register can be indexed and brought into position to cooperate with the actuator racks. Here again, each of the multiple registers can be divided into a left and right hand group of pinions. The mabeing controlled by the carriage in the machine.

ister capacity is multiplied by two. For example, if the rotary magazine contains twenty registers and the machine is provided with a rear register, making a total of twenty-one, the capacity of the machine with the present invention is increased to forty-two registers.

It is obvious that changes may be made in the details of construction shown for purposes of illustration and that many alterations may be made within the realm of a skilled designer and mechanic without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a calculating machine of the ten key type, a plurality of adjacent register pinions mounted on a common shaft, a plurality of differentially movable racks arranged adjacent each other and adapted to engage said register pinions, printing type associated with each of said racks, a single field of stop pins for arresting movement of all of said racks, means for setting said pins comprising amount keys, and an index bar actuated by each of said amount keys, each index bar having a pair of spaced fingers arranged to cause setting of a pair of pins in said field of stop pins whereby a plurality of register pinions and corresponding type are indexed at each operation of said machine following depression of an amount key. 7

2. In a calculating machine of the ten key type, a plurality of adjacent register pinions mounted on a common shaft, a plurality of differentially movable racks arranged adjacent each other and adapted to engage said register pinions, a single stationary field of stop pins for arresting movement of said racks, a single traveling carriage having movable pins engageable with said field of stop pins to set the latter, amount keys, and means controlled by each of said amount keys for simultaneously moving a plurality of pins in said carriage to cause a plurality of pins to be set up in said stationary field of stop pins to arrest a plurality of racks at each operation of said machine following depression of an amount key.

3. In a calculating machine of the ten key type, a plurality of adjacent register pinions mounted on a common shaft, means for dividing said register pinions into sections, a plurality of differentially movable racks arranged adjacent each other and adapted to engage said register pinions, a field of stop pins for differentially positioning said racks, amount keys, means actuatedby said amount keys for moving a plurality of pins in said field of pins at each operation of said machine following depression of an amount key, printing means for printing the amounts entered in said registers and means for disabling said printing mechanism of all but one section of said registers during listing operations.

4. In a calculating machine of the ten key type, a plurality of adjacent register pinions mounted on a common shaft, a tens transfer mechanism for causing the transfer of one unit from each pinion to the adjacent higher order pinion, means for preventing the transfer between certain of said pinions to divide said pinions into two sections, a plurality of differentially movable racks arranged adjacent each other and adapted to engage said register pinions, a field of stop pins for differentially positioning said'racks, a single traveling carriage having movable pins engageable with said field of stop pins to set the latter,

chine otherwise operates the same but its reg--amount keys, and means actuated by said keys for moving a plurality of pins in said carriage to cause an entry into each section of said register pinions at each operation of the machine following a single depression of an amount key, printing means for printing the amounts entered in such register sections, means for causing ciphers to be printed to the right of the last indexed digit in each register section, and means for preventing ciphers from being printed to the right of the lowest digit order of the left section of said register pinions.

5. In a calculating machine of the ten key type, a plurality of adjacent register pinions mounted on a common shaft, a tens transfer mechanism for causing the transfer of one unit from each pinion to the adjacent higher order pinion, means for preventing the transfer between certain of said pinions to divide said pinions into two sections, a plurality of differentially movable racks arranged adjacent each other and adapted to engage said register pinions, a single field of stop pins for difierentially positioning said racks, a single traveling carriage having movable pins engageable with said field of stop pins to set the latter, amount keys, means actuated by said keys for moving a plurality of pins in said carriage to cause an entry into each section of said register pinions at each operation of said machine following a single depression of an amount key, printing means associated with each of said racks for printing the amounts entered in said register pinions and means for restricting movement of the racks of each section associated with the register pinions to the left of the last order in which an amount is entered in each section of register pinions.

6. In a calculating machine of the ten key type a plurality of adjacent register pinions mounted upon a common shaft, means for dividing said register pinions into register sections, a plurality of differentially movable racks arranged adjacent each other and adapted to engage said pinions, a field of stop pins for arresting movement of each of said racks, said field of stop pins being divisible into sections corresponding in number to the sections of register pinions, amount keys, and means directly controlled by each of said amount keys for simultaneously moving a corresponding pin in each of the sections of said field of stop pins, the sections of said pins being so placed relatively to said latter means as to prevent the latter means from moving a plurality of pins in the same section of said field of stop pins.

7. In a calculating machine of the ten key type, a plurality of adjacent register pinions mounted on a common shaft, means for dividing said register pinions into register sections, a plurality of differentially movable racks arranged adjacent each other and adapted to engage said pinions, a field of stop pins for arresting movement of said racks, a single traveling carriage having movable pins engageable with said field of stop pins to set the latter, amount keys, means controlled by said amount keys to preset the carriage pins simultaneously to enter amounts in a plurality of said register sections, total keys and means operable by said total keys for selectively totaling in each of said register sections and means controlled by the depressed total key for restricting forward movement of the racks engageable with those register sections not being totaled during the totaling operation of said machine.

8. In a calculating machine of the ten key type, a. plurality of adjacent register pinions mounted on a common shaft, means for dividing said register pinions into register sections, a plurality of differentially movable racks arranged adjacent each other and adapted to engage said register pinions, a printing mechanism associated with each rack, a field of stop pins for arresting movement of said racks, a single traveling carriage having movable pins engageable with said field of stop pins to set the latter, amount keys, means controlled bysaid amount keys to preset the carriage pins to enter amounts simultaneously in a plurality of register sections, and means for disabling the printing mechanism associated with all but one of the register sections.

9. In a calculating machine of the ten key type, a plurality of adjacent register pinions mounted on a common shaft, a tens transfer mechanism for causing the transfer of one unit from each pinion to the adjacent higher order pinion, means for preventing the transfer between certain of said pinions to divide said pinions into two sections, a plurality of differentially movable racks arranged adjacent each other and adapted to engage said register pinions, a field of stop pins for diiferentially positioning all of said racks, a single traveling carriage having movable pins engageable with said field of stop pins to set the latter, amount keys, means actuated by said keys for moving a plurality of pins in said carriage to cause an entry into each section of said register pinions at each operation of said machine following a single depression of an amount key, printing means associated with each of said racks for printing the amounts entered in said register pinions, and means for restricting movement of the racks of each section associated with the register pinions to the left of the last order in which an amount is entered in each section of register pinions.

10. In a calculating machine of the ten key type, a plurality of adjacent register pinions mounted upon a common shaft, means for dividing said register pinions into register sections, a plurality of difierentially movable racks arranged adjacent each other and adapted to engage said pinions, a field of stop pins for arresting movement of each of said racks, said field of stop pins being divisible into sections corresponding in number to the sections of register pinions, a single traveling carriage having movable pins engageable with said field of stop pins to set the latter, amount keys, and means directly controlled by each of said amount keys for simultaneously moving a plurality of pins in said carriage, the sections of said pins in said field of stop pins being so spaced relatively to the pins of said carriage to prevent the latter pins from moving a plurality of pins in the same section of said field of stop pins.

11. In a calculating machine of the ten key type, a plurality of adjacent register pinions mounted on a common shaft, means for dividing said register pinions into register sections, a plurality of differentially movable racks arranged adjacent each other and adapted to engage said pinions, a field of stop pins for arresting movement of each of said racks, a single traveling carriage having movable pins engageable with said field of stop pins to set the latter, amount keys, means directly controlled by said amount keys simultaneously to set up a plurality of pins in said carriage at each depression of an amount key to enter amounts in a plurality of register sections, control keys, means operable by said control keys for selectively totaling in each of said register sections, and means for restricting for-- ward movement of the racks engageable with those register sections not being totaled during totaling operation of said machine.

12. In a calculating machine of the ten key type, a plurality of adjacent register pinions mounted on a common shaft, means for dividing said register pinions into register sections, a plurality of difierentially movable racks arranged adjacent each other and adapted to engage said pinions, printing type associated with said racks,

" type hammers for said type, a field of stop pins for arresting movement of each of said racks, amount keys, means directly controlled by said amount keys simultaneously to set up a plurality of pins in said field of pins at each depression of an amount key to enter amounts in a plurality of register sections, control keys, means operable by said control keys for selectively totaling in each of said register sections, means for restricting forward movement of the racks engageable with those register sections not being totaled during the totaling operation of said machine, and means aosaioe for enabling the printing hammers of the section rality of differentially movable racks arranged adjacent each other and adapted to engage said pinions, printing type controlled by said racks, type hammers for said type, a field of stop pins for arresting movement of each of said racks, a single traveling carriage having movable pins engageable with said field of stop pins to set the latter, amount keys, means directly controlled by said amount keys simultaneously to set up a plurality of pins in said carriage at each depression of an amount key to enter amounts in a plurality of register sections, control keys, means operable by said control keys for selectively totaling in each of said register sections, means for restricting forward movement of the racks engageable with those register sections not being totaled during the totaling operation of said machine, and means for enabling the printing hammers of the section being totaled.

ROBERT L. MULLER.