US2051886A - Transmission system and gearing lubrication - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 25, 1936. A, H. LAND 2,051,886

TRANSMISSION SYSTEM AND GEARING LUBRICATION Filed Jan. 16, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet-l INVENTOR ALFoNs H.NEULAND BY .4 QMW ATTORNEY Aug. 25, 1936. A. H. NEULAND TRANSMISSION SYSTEM AND GEARING LUBRICATION Filed Jan. 16, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ALFONS H. NEULAND BY W 4 6M ATTQRNEY Patented Aug. 25, 1936 TRANSMISSION SYSTEM AND LUBRICATION Alfons H. Neuland, Irvington, N. J. Application January 16, 1933, Serial No. 652,037 23 Claims. (Cl. 29011) GEARHVG as well as the connection between the engine and transmission oiling systems.

Figure 3 is an enlarged section of an oil check valve shown in Figure 2.

component parts and in winch the elements of Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional view of e gearing are arranged to be held in rigid alignanother form of my invention taken from my 00- ment with one another and in which the lateral pending application identified above. thrust between the gears and the load thrust Re erring to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings between the planets and the spider is carried by in which like numerals identify like parts, I repanti-friction bearings The lubrication of a resents the crank shaft on the internal combusplanetary gear train is often unsatisfactory due tion engine having a drive flange 2 bolted to it the rapidly rotating planets has a tendency to secured to the flange 3 is provided with gear throw off any 011 which may cling to the gear teeth 6 and forms an internal sun gear A pluteeth and prevent the oil from reaching the rality of planet gears 1 mesh with the sun gear planet gear bearings which often results in undue and are arranged to be supported by the Jourwear accompanied by objectionable noise and vi- January 12, 1931.

an object of my invention i 2 of the planet spider journaled within the flange It is tive lubrication for the i3. The bore of the combine a gearing with an internal combustion nection with the load shaft l4 WhlCh extends engine so as to employ a single oil pump for thru the transmission and has its other end supfurnishing lubrication to the engine and the ported by the ball bearing IS A small sun gear transmission. 6 meshes with the planet gears and is journaled Still another object is to provide a common oil with the shaft H by means of the bearing l1 reservoir for engine and transmision, and means Preferably, gears 6, 1 and i6 are provided with whereby the 011 from the engine oil p mp may helical teeth for smooth and quiet operation be transmitted to the transmission and returned u gear I 6 is provided with a. sleeve extento the engine without undue loss of the oil son [8 and is iournaled within member i9 by Still another obJect of the invention is to m an of the rad al and thrust bearing 20 The maintain a given oil level in the transmission and sleeve I3 15 provided th i t Sphnes t to prevent oil leakage. which a sleeve 2! is fitted, establishing a driving A furth r Object s to p vid quate ventilaconnection between the sun gear i6 and an armation of the electrical elements of the assembly tur 22 which is secured to the sleeve 2| and jourstill other objects and'advantages of my mnaled within the rear bracket 23 with the ball vention will appear from the following detailed bearing 24 An armature 25 is secured to the des ription and app n d drawings of a predrum 5 and cooperates with the field element 26 i'erred embodiment which I have selected for illussecured to the engine support plate A second tration in which field element 21 is provided to cooperate with the Figure 1 is in part a longitudinal section and in armature 22 and secured to the field element 26 part a side elevation of an electrical transmission by the brush bracket 28. The brush bracket is cooperating with a planetary gearing for transprovided with brushes 29 and 30 which collect and shows particularly the general assembly of the electrical ments.

Figure 2 is an enlarged section through the and mechanical elerigidly supthrough the bearing 35, I provide a regulator generator 35 secured to the field element 2? and arranged to be driven from the load shaft it by the belt ill.

I shall not herein describe the operation of the electrical parts or my system as it is described in detail in my copending applications Serial No. 508,094, filed on January 12, 1931 and Serial No. 649,636, filed December 30, 12932.

I further provide a damper 38 secured to the end of the load shalt id and having another member 38 secured to the propeller shalt, not shown, by means of the bolts ll. The two parts of the damper are yieldingly connected with one another by means of the springs dd. The damper serves to minimize gearing noise and vibration due to variations in the angular velocity of the internal combustion engine shaft with respect to the armature 22 and is fully described in my copending application Serial No. 649,637, filed on December 30, 1932.

The construction above described serves to rigidly support the ends of the two armatures and is well adapted to maintain rigidity and concentricity between the several elements of the gearing and to permit easy disassembly of the transmission. The shaft it including the damper and bracket 23 may be withdrawn as a unit by removal of the bolts 42 and ed as the splined end of the shaft is slidingly fitted within the drive disc l2. Thereafter the rear unit including armature 22, field element El and brush bracket 28 can be separated from the front unit by the removal of the bolts it, the assembly being arranged so that the splined end of the sleeve 2 can slide out of the gear sleeve is and so that the annular extension 3 3 will slide-away from the outer race or the bearing 35. The entire transmission may be removed as a unit by removing the bolts securing the field it to the engine plate and the bolts 3c securing flanges 2 and 3 together. The shaft it and the damper maybe removed as a unit by simply removing bolts d2. Also, by removing bolts t3, the unit assembly of shaft it, armature 2?. and the damper may be removed as a whole.

It will be noted that my construction also provides for an arrangement and combination between the elements of the gearing to reduce friction, to secure rigid alignment of the planets with the sun gears and to facilitate assembly of the gearing within the limited space provided by the hollow armature 25. For instance, I prefer the use of a single drum which serves as a shell for the armature 25, and by providing the drum with internal teeth out around its inner circumferonce it is also made to serve as the sun gear for the differential gear train, the flanges provided at the ends of the drum facilitating the bolting oi the commutator shell member id to one end, and the drive flange cover plate 3 to the other end so as to form a totally enclosed gear case i also provide needle rollers it interposed between the journal pins 8, which serve as the inner races and the hardened bores or hardened steel liners in the planet gears which serve as the outer races. The ends or" the race pins 8 are pressditted into holes in the flanges of the planetcarrier flanges which latter are locked together and held in alignment by the spacers l lo, the bearings ii and i3 permitting rotation of the spider planets with respect to the drum 5 and serving to insure rigid alignment between the planets and the internal gear. The, shaft it is fitted within a concentric splined hole in the flange l2 and by means of the bearing bushing ll holds the small sun gear it having an element 'ingll.

aosnsec in rigid alignment with the planet gears. The sleeve it of gear it is locked within the inner race of the ball bearing Ell which is preferably of a combined radial and thrust type. It should be noted that this construction is particularly suited for use with helical tooth gears and that all lateral thrust resulting from the use of helical gears is carried by the anti-friction thrust bearing 2% interposed between the small and large sun gears, preventing all thrust between the planet gears and the spider, as the thrust from the large sun gear upon the planet in one direction is neutralized by an equal thrust from the small sun gear on the planet gears in the opposite direction. This arrangement has substantial advantages over that in which the thrust is taken up between the planet gears and the gear spider, in view of the limited space within the relatively small planet gears and the complication which results from the use of thrust bearlugs for each of the several planet gears.

My gear arrangement is also such as to facilitate assembly and disassembly of the several parts. For instance, the inner race of the thrust bearing 26 may be locked on the extreme end of the small sun gear sleeve l8, and its outer race locked in place by the flange of the spider bear- The planet and spider assembly may then be inserted into the left end of the gear case, the flange at the left of the drum 5 being notched, not shown, in as many places as there are planet gears so as to permit the planets to enter the drum to mesh with the two sun gears the end of the annulus ll) to be slipped within the bearing ll. The drive flange 3 is then bolted into place and serves as a cover for tightly enclosing the gears, the bearing 13 within its bore fitting over the journal portion of the flange cover 3 and so insuring rigid alignment between planets and sun gears.

(not shown) may be used to lock bearing flange ii in place in order when disassembling, not to disturb the bolts which look the commutator shell id to the drum 5.

It is obvious that the flange on engine shaft 1 may be made of larger diameter and be bolted directly to flange 3 without the intermediate flange 2, or, if desired, the flange 3 also may be omitted and the engine shaft flange bolted directly to the end of drurnii. In the latter case would be seated directly in the end of shaft l in the place of the plug d. I prefer to use the flange however, since it permits the assembly of the differential gear arrangement independently of the engine shaft.

' I also provide holes its in the commutator shell iii and in the bearing flange ii which serve to return to the gear case any lubricant that may work through the bearing 28 and so prevent the lubricant from accumulating and working through the felt seal till) secured to shell is and surrounding sleeve 2i. Another felt seal Elia is carried by bracket 23 and surrounds the end of member is to prevent the loss of grease from bearing 35, the bearing being provided with a grease shield on the left to prevent the grease from reaching the commutator of armature 25. A third felt seal 23a is carried by iiange cap 23b and bears against an extension of element 38 to prevent the escape of grease from bearings 45 and 28. Bearing 24 is provided with a grease shield on the left to prevent escape of grease.

Turning now to Figure 2 which shows particularly, an embodiment suitable for lubricating the transmission from the engine, I provide a hole to i it should be noted that separate bolts.

the bearing l3.

plained, the overflow being conducted through the space surrounding tube 41 into the pocket 51 and reaching the bearing I3, the surplus being expelled through the opening 58 into the gear case.

My invention provides for the maintenance of gear case through the flanges 3 and 2, preferably fitted with check valves 60, the purpose of which will hereafter be more fully described.

I further provide a The ring 6| may have a smooth inner surface as shown in Figure l or may be provided with grooves 62 and a center engine oil pan 66 by means It will be seen that the rotating engine shaft drives the gear case 5 and operates the pump 5|. Oil flows from the where due to centrifugal force a layer of oil builds ranged e ball 10 loosely fitted within the hole H and pressed against the seat 12 by the spring ll seated against a. plug 14 provided with a hole returned to the engine.

nstruction also provides forced ventilation y co of the electric machines by means the other figures are indicated by like reference -,through the difierential gearing.

. engine in drivin or delivers power numerals. As will be seen, bevel gears are em== ployed instead or spur gears and the sun gear t is formed on the flange Ii; the flange of shaft i being bolted directly to f ange 3. Planet spider i2 is keyed to load shaft it, the left end of which is supported in a combined radial and thrust bearing it carried by flange 3. Planet gears l are journaled upon the arms of spider 52 by com-= bined radial and thrust bearings Si. Sun gear is is journaled by hearing ll upon shaft l5 and is also journaled in flange it by a combined radial and thrust bearing 26, which prevents relative displacement between the two sun gears. The terminal extension of fiange l is supported from brush bracket (flange) 2% by an anti-friction bearing 35, in the same manner as in Fig. i.

- The arrangement shown in Fig. 4 is adapted for lubrication without the aid of external means. For this purpose the planet or intermediate gears i are provided with a groove or reservoir in and substantially radial holes lb connecting the res ervoir with the spaces between the gear teeth. By these means the lubricant, which due to, centrifugal force during engine rotation hugs the inner wall of the drum 5, is pumped into the holes and the reservoir and due to centrifugal force acting on the rotating gear l, is expelled against the teeth of the sleeve gear it, thereby keeping it lubricated. In instances when the relative gear speed is high or when greater lubrication eiiectiveness for the small gear is desired, I provide closely fitted shields, not shown, on one or both sides of the intermediate gears which operate to hold the lubri cant between the teeth of the intermediate gears in spite of the centrifugal force acting thereon and to conduct the lubricant to the small gear.

It will be understood that in one stage of operation the dynamo 22-2l is driven as a generator by the engine and supplies a reaction force against which the engine drives the load shaft In another stage, the dynamo 22-4 1 is driven as a motor from dynamo 25-26 and supplies a driving force to the small sun gear, which force cooperates with force supplied to the-large sun gear by the the load shalt it. In the ap= the dynamo 22-4? will be referred to as a power device or element and this term is used broadly to indicate a device which either absorbs power from the differential gear to it. While my invention as shown operates as an electro-mechanicai trans= mission system, it may be used as a purely mechanical transmission system by replacing armat'ure 22 with a mechanical variable power absorbing device such as a friction brake or the like.

While I have herein shown a complete system embodying my invention and described its operation in connection with a motor vehicle, I desire to have it understood that my invention is adapted for othcr'uses and that it may be used in whole or in part, depending upon the requirements to be met, in the described or other embodiments within the principle and scope of my invention, and I desire that only limitations required by the prior art or the appended claims be imposed upon it.

I claim:

1. In combination, a dynamo having a station= my field structure and a rotatable armature, a difierential gearing embodied in said dynamo pended claims gearing being journaled independently structure having one element connected to said armature, a second dynamo axially aligned with the first dynamo and having a stationary field structure secured to the field of the first dynamo. an armature for hollow shaft connected to a second element oi said differential gearing, and a load shaft arranged within said hollow shaft and having a splined connection with the third element of said diiierential gearing whereby said load shaft may be disconnected from said gearing without dismantling said dynamos.

2. In combination, a dynamo having a station= ary field structure and a rotatable armature,- a differential gearing embodied in said dynamo structure having one element connected to said armature, a second dynamo axially aligned with the first dynamo and having a stationary field structure secured to the field of the first dynamo, an armature for the second dynamo having a hollow shaft journaled at one end in the end flange of said second dynamo and having a splined connection to a second element of said gearing, a load shaft within said hollow shaft and journaled to said "end flange and having a splined connection to a third element of said gearing, flange, second armature and load shaft may be the second dynamo having a whereby said end removed-as a unit from the dynamo structure and gearing.

3. In combination, a dynamo having a stationary field structure and a rotating armature journaled in said field structure, said armature including a hollow drum, a drive shaft connected to said drum, a difierential gearing enclosed in said drum having one element driven by said drum, a second dynamo axially aligned with the first dynamo and having a stationary field struc ture secured to the field of the first dynamo, a hollow shaft connecting the armature of the second dynamo to a. second element of the differential gearing, and a load shaft arranged within said hollow shaft and connected to the third element of said gearing, said hollow shaft and load shaft each including a splined connec tion whereby said second dynamo and load shaft may be disconnected as a unit from said first dynamo and differential gearing.

4. In combination, a drive shaft, a power de= vice axially aligned with said drive shaft, a ditferential gear arranged between said drive shaft and said power device having one of its elements connected to said drive shaft, a hollow shaft con= necting said power device to one of the elements of said difierential gearing,'a load'shaft within said hollow shaft and connected to a third element of said differential gearing, said hollow shaftand load shaft being provided with splined connections whereby said power device and load shaft may be disconnected as a unit from said differential gearing, the elements of said differential of said hollow shaft and said load shaft.

5. A differential gearing comprising a large sun gear having internal helical teeth, a small sun gear having external helical teeth, and a planet spider carrying a plurality of planet gears ar ranged between said sun gears, and means for relieving thrust between the planet gears and the spider in either direction including a bi-lateral thrust bearing interposed directly between said sun gears, having the inner and the outer races locked against lateral movement in both directions with respect to the small and the large gear case, and pumping means for circulating the sun gears respectively. lubricant between radially separated points of 6. A differential gearing comprising a large sun the gear case and thru said bearings.

gear having internal helical teeth, a small sun 11. In combination, a driving member, a driven gear having external helical teeth,a planet spider member, a rotatable gear case connected with 5 ing thrust between the rollers and races of said ing the spider with the sun gears, a lubricant l0 tween said sun gears. the lubricant and for circulating the lubricant A diflerential gearing comprising a drum from an outer point of the case to a central point housing having helical teeth formed on the inof the case and thru said bearings. side thereof forming a large sun gear, a hollow 12. In combination, a driving member, a driven sleeve joumaled in one end flange of said drum member, a rotatable gear case connected with one the other end flange of said drum and having a able spider and bearings for said planet gears, 2

having a bearing connection with the first end central part of the gear case, means for circulatoutside of said drum coaxially with said load member, a rotatable gear case connected with Sh ft. I

8. In combination, a dynamo having a stationing the members including sun and planet gears, ary field structure and a rotating rmature .l' ll a rotatable spider and bearings for said planet eluding a. hollow drum, 8. drive shaft connected sun gears, a lubricant within the gear case subture secured to the field of the first dynamo, a force, and means for expelling oil by centrifugal o tial gearing, a l ad S a t arranged Within Said and returning it to said reservoir. hollow shaft and connected to the third element I 14, I combination, a, driving member, a driven of said gearing, sa d hollow Shaft and load Shaft member, a rotatable gear case connected with commutator c d adjacent the 8nd of Said sun gears, a lubricant within the gear case suba n' d by Sa d d um d cooperating with Said force, and means for expelling oil by centrifugal 9. In a power transmission system, an engine charge of said oil and being operated to open vi n l P mp, a dynamo having an armaposition by centrifugal force to permit the dis- 80 connected toathird element of said gearing, said casing driven by said shaft including a duct of said dynamos, and mea s f r Supp ying 011 said casing, and a throttling orifice included in to said ar ng from said engine pump. one of said ducts to prevent relief of pressure in 10. In combination, a driving member, a driven the engine oil supply system.

16. In a vehicle transmission system, an engine one Of the members, differential gears in Said located near the front of the vehicle, a, dynamo ca nd con n he members includin n driven by the engine and located to the rear 01' having a hollow being provided with an air inlet located forward of the engine and an outlet at its rear, and a fan within said housing and driven by one of said dynamos for passing air thru both dynamos from front to rear. v

1'1. In combination, a dynamo having a stationary field structure and a rotatable armature, a differential gearing embodied in said dynamo structure and having said armature, a second dynamo axially aligned with the first dynamo and having a stationary field structure secured to the field of the first dynamo to form a common enclosing housing for said dynamos, an armature for the second dynamo shait connected to a second element of said gearing, a load shaft within said hollow shaft and connected to a third element of said gearing, said hollow shaft and load shaft each having a splined connection whereby the second dynamo and load shaft may be removed as a unit from the first dynamo and gearing, said common housing being provided with an air inlet at one end adjacent the first dynamo and an air outlet at the other end, and one of said armatures for passing air through said dynamos.

iii/A diiferential gearing comprising a large sun gear having helical teeth, a planet gear having helical teeth meshing with said sun gear, a planet carrier for said planet gear, and means forrelieving lateral thrust between the planet gear and the planet carrier in either direction including a two-direction anti-friction thrust bearing having its outer race locked against axial movement in either direction with respect to the large sun gear, and itsinner race locked against axial movement in either direction with respect to the small sun gear adapted to take up thrust between the sun gears in either direction.

19. In combination, a drive shaft, a load shaft axially aligned with said drive shaft, a diiferential gear arranged between said shafts, bearings for rotatably supporting the planet spider of the diiierential gear by said drive shait said load shaft having a splined connection with said spider, whereby said difierential gearing is supconnected to ported independently of the load shaft and said load shaft may be removed without dismantling said gearing.

2G. in combination, a gear, a rotatable hous ing enclosing said gear, means for supplying oil to the interior of said gear housing during rota tion, and means operable during rotation of said housing for withdrawing the oil from said housing at a point near the periphery thereof and for returning the same to said supplying means,

21. In combination, a driving member, a driv en member, a rotatable gear case connected with one of the members, gears within said case connecting said members, an oil reservoir, means for pumping oil from the reservoir into a relatively central part of the gar case, and means for expelling oil by centrifugal force from a radially distant point of the gearcase, and means for collecting said expelled oil and returning it to said reservoir.

22. In combination, an engine having a shaft with an oil supply duct formed therein, an oil pump connected to said duct, an oil reservoir connected with said oil pump, a gear casing secured to the engine shaft to rotate therewith, a within said rotatable casing, means with the interior of said casing, means for conducting the oil to the gearing by centrifugal force, means for ex= polling oil from the rotatable casing and means for returning said oil to the oil reservoir.

23. In combination, a drive shaft, a load shaft, a gearing interposed between the shafts including a large gear and a small gear, a gear case arranged to surround said gears and connected to one of the shafts to rotate therewith, a gear lubricant within the gear case, and an intermediate gear meshing with the large and small gears, said intermediate gear having a lubricant reservoir formed therein and ducts connecting said reservoir with the spaces between the teeth on said gear, whereby upon rotation of said gears the teeth of the large gear force inbricant into said reservoir and lubricant is conveyed by said ducts to said small gear.

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