US2051717A - Suction and cleaning apparatus - Google Patents

Description

8, 1936. .1. E. JoNssof'N ET AL 2,051,717

SUCTION AND CLEANING APPARATUS Filed F815 1'4,- 1934 1 2 Sheets-Sheet 1- 2o v 'J ssan R. W. ms'sa F) J E. RylaM/evmm W Aug. 18, 1936. J. E. JONSSON E! m, I 2,051,717

SUCTION, AND CLEANING AP'PARATUS 7 Filed Feb 14, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Aug. 18, 1936 UNITED STATES SUCTION AND CLEANING APPARATUS Johan Edvin Jonsson, Stockholm, Ragnar Wilhelm 'Larsscn, Appelviken, and Anders Johan Emil 'Rylander, Stockholm, Sweden Application February 1-4, 1934, Serial No. 711,266 In Sweden April 29, 1933 '7 Claims.

The present invention relates toa suction apparatus or device, which operates with compressed air or other compressedgaseous medium and in which the compressed air et cetera is pressed through a nozzle past an opening through which the medium intended for the suction by the compressed air is sucked into or is entrained into an exhaust pipe, which is located beyond the opening when seen in the direction of fiow.

The object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for vacuum cleaners especially suitable for automobiles, factories, motor boats, for sucking water, as a ventilator, etc. The apparatus may also be used for vacuum cleaning in factory localities or the like, in which compressed air is at disposal. Moreover, the apparatus is meant to be used as an air cleaner in localities of the last mentioned kind, in which compressed air or other compressed medium may be obtained, or in automobiles, omnibuses or the like, in which the exhaust gases of the motor may be used as compressed medium. Further, the apparatus may be used for sucking water, for example ior emptying a boat or the like.

Other characteristics of the invention will be seen from the detailed description set forth below.

The accompanying drawings show embodiments of the invention. Figures 1 to 8 show examples of the invention as applied to a vacuum cleaner,

Figure 1 is a side view of the apparatus,

Figure 2 is a plan view of the apparatus,

Figure 3 is a section taken on line IIIIII of Figure 2,

Figures 4, 4a, 5 show the tap or the like provided in the air distributing box, when seen from above, in section and from behind respectively in an embodiment diiiering a little from the one shown in Figure 3,

Figure 6 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the tap,

Fig. 6a is a cross sectionon line VIaVIa of Fig. 6;

Fig. 6b shows the mannerof securing this embodiment in position,

Figs. 7 and 8 show a further embodiment of the tap,

Figures 9 and 10 show details of an air cleaning arrangement according to the invention, es-' pecially intended for omnibuses or the like, Figure 10 being a section along line XX of Figsupply conduit or pipe for the compressed air (medium), which by means of a screw or bayonet connection, indicated. at 4|, is adapted to be connected to a conduit from the source ofp-compressed air. 5

Numeral 2 indicates the case of the apparatus, which moreover forms an exhaust conduit and has a canal 3, into which the-atmospheric air together with dust particles et 'cetera entrained by the compressed air is introduced 10 through the opening 9 and moved on to the dust collector l0, which may be of any suitable material and may have any shape and by means of a bayonet catch, indicated at H, or in other suitable manner is detachably connected to the 15 case 2. The said case is provided with a projection E, into which the pipe -I is screwed and united with the connecting pipe '5. The pipe 1 is held in its position by astirrup 6 or the like, one leg of which is rigidly united with the case 2, the other leg being loose so that by means of the screw 7 the pipe may be clamped and loosened respectively from its position. Other arrangements for holding the pipe in its position or for securing it to the-casing may be used. Numeral-8 indicates a handle of wood or the like.

The case 2 has a cap-like casing [-2, which is formed to an injection nozzle and which may have any shape but in the embodiment of the invention is cylindrical and has the samewidth as the rest of the case. Through the opening l4 (Figures 3 and 7) the compressed air enters the space in the casing, which has 'a circular cross section, and in the said space there is, through an opening in either end of the casing I2, detachably disposed a substantially cylindrical guide body valve 18, or tap, In the embodiment the said body is formed as a rotary slide valve or the like, the end portions 20 of which have the same diameter as the inner width'of the space of 49 the casing. As may be seen, thesaidguidebody extends perpendicularly. to the compressed air piping and to its connecting pipe 5 and the exhaust conduit 2. Between the body'andthe wall of the casing in all embodiments there is for-med, 45.

when seen in the direction of flow, a narrowing passage 15' for the compressed air, the mouth 15 of which forms a narrow slit located at the edge 16 of a. suctionopening 9 in the casing 2. By means of the guide body or tap l8 thecompressed 50 air is conducted, spread and distributed uniformly towards the outlet 15 as will be more .particularly explained in the following. The edge [6 is inclined toward the guide member so that the compressed air rushing out through the mouth I5 entraining atmospheric air and dust particles et cetera, substantially is led right into the exhaust canal 3. The sloped face, at IT, has for its object to prevent friction with the wall of the apparatus, and to prevent the formation of eddies and sudden reduction in speed.

The face 23, Figs. 4 to 5, and 7 and 8 and the corresponding face in Figs. 3, 6 and 6a which is opposite the wall of the casing at the edge I5 is so sloped that on turning the top the size of the mouth (opening slot) I5 may be controlled. For actuating the guide body for turning and clamping the same, one end of it, according to Figs. 1, 4 and 5, preferably is provided with a portion indicated at I8 for engaging a tool, or may be arranged in some other suitable manner. The taps according to Figs. 4 and 5 may also be arranged so as not to be turned.

So it is shown as to tap I8 according to Figure 6b, in which one end portion of it is preferably provided with a projection or catch 3I, which, when the tap is being introduced engages a recess 32, which corresponds to the said catch and is provided in the wall of the casing I2. For its operation the tap is preferably provided with a grooved button 33. If another size of the mouth I 5 is desired, the tap is taken out and another tap is inserted, which has the suitable dimension.

In Figs. 3 to 6b, a solid and in Figs. 7 and 8 a tubular guide body is shown.

According to Figs. 3 to 6 the guide body on its side opposite the inlet opening I A is provided with a recess I9 of a size approximately corresponding to that of the opening. The said recess opens into a space or a canal I3 formed between the wall of'the casing I2 and the guide body, the said space I3 merging into the mouth I5 by way of the passage I5. The face of the guide body between the end portions 20, which limits the said space, is shaped in various ways in connection to the recess I 9.

In Figs. 4,411 and 5, the thickness of the rear of the guide body, when seen in the direction, in which the compressed air enters, is reduced so as to form a plane surface 34, into which the recess merges by means of faces 35, which are continuously curved towards both sides, in order that the conducting of the air into the space I3 shall take place as smoothly as possible. The said sloped face 34 merges into a cut-away face 23 (Fig. 5).

According to Fig. 3 the rear guiding surface 35, into which the curved faces 36 merge, corresponding to the faces in Figs. .4 to 5, is spiral or curvilinear in all cross sections through the tap.

In the above mentioned manner the space I3, when seen in cross section, will get a so to speak wedge-like shape or increases substantially continuously toward the passage I5 or the mouth I5, and through the space the air is spread over the whole mouth I5, the latter having the same area as the opening I4. No sharp edges 01' turns exist, which could produce eddies or changes in speed of the air.

According to Figs. 6 to 6b the guide body 48 has a slightly conical shape and the casing I2 is shaped correspondingly so as to facilitate the removal and the inserting of the tap. The rear guiding surface is formed by a reduced (cut away) portion 31' between the bounding edges 31, which extend from the recess I9 in a bow or spirally towards both sides and which extend up to and somewhat past the part of the guide body, which is opposite the edge IS. The degree or reduction of the body for forming the face 3'! decreases, when seen in cross section, continuously to the same extent as the extension of the face in axial direction increases so that the depth of the space I3 between the guide body and the wall of the casing I2 for the passing compressing air decreases successively from the recess E9 toward the mouth I5 at the same time as the width is increased and subsequently the cross section of the space is the same in all axial sections.

According to- Figs. 7 and 8 the guide body or tap 58 is shaped as a cylindrical tube with closed ends, the compressed air entering the said tube through an inlet opening 2! and leaving it through an outlet opening 22 after spreading and being led into the narrowed passage I5 between the walls of the tube and the casing I2 respectively. Nor in this case is the air subjected to any eddying movements et cetera. This tube is not, of course, necessarily cylindrical.

According 'to the embodiments in Figs. 4, 4a and 5, the face 23 of the guide body or tap I8 which is opposite the wall of the casing at the edge I6 is so sloped that on turning the tap the size of the opening I5 may be controlled. This is also true of the construction shown in Figs. 7 and 8. This enables the operator to vary the suction effect desired for each special case and by widening the mouth opening to remove impurities et cetera, which may have assembled in the narrowed passage during the working and which dam up the compressed air, and which, when the compressed air has been obtained for example from a cylinder of amotor, may occur in considerable quantities. Of course, such cleaning is eifected most effectively and most suitably by removing the guide body, which may be done in all embodiments, it being easier than to reach the interior of the casing I2.

In the apparatus shown in Figures 1 and 2 the connecting pipe, the distributing casing and the exhaust case are preferably made in one piece, for instance by means of press casting. Next to the casing the under wall should preferably extend diverging from the upper one, as is shown in Figure 1, so as to facilitate the handling of the apparatus during the cleaning. The apparatus shown in the example is especially intended for cleaning automobiles with the use of compressed air obtained from the motor, and quite naturally is shaped as a handy, relatively small apparatus for manual use. If the apparatus is made larger, for example in order to be used in factories and the like, it is preferably provided with wheels, on which it is running during the work. 01: course the supply pipe I, 5 may, instead of being disposed substantially parallel to and above the exhaust casing be disposed in another suitable way.

Figs. 9 and 10 show a suitable application of the apparatus for ventilating purposes, especially for use in omnibuses or the like using the exhaust gases from the motor as a medium for obtaining injection effect. Numeral 25 indicates the conduit associated with the exhaust pipe, 25 indicates a conduit or funnel associated with the air in the room and through which the air is entrained by the rushing exhaust gases and by the same is introduced into the outlet conduit 21, which opens into the open air. Like in the previous example the tube 26 merges into a cylindrical casing 28, which preferably is made to act as an injection nozzle and has a larger width than the tube. The guiding body and the rotary slide valve 29 is applied in the said tube and provided with a cylindrical face 38 and a cutaway face 39 of elliptical shape, one side of which merges into the circular face by means of a spiral-shaped curve 40, between which last-mentioned surface and the wall of the casing the narrowed passage 15' is formed. The slide is turnably disposed (the arrangements for actuating the same are not shown) and when it assumes the position shown in full lines the gases rush through the mouth 30 of the slit-shaped nozzle, by which a strong suction effect is exerted on the air in the conduit 25. As the slide is moved to the position shown in dashed lines the exhaust gases are led past the slide along its right elliptical face between the end portions 28 provoking a suction action in the conduit 25, although it is weaker. The casing 28 and the outlet opening thereof as well as the connections of the various conduits to the casing may of course be varied as to shapes and positions relatively to one another.

It is clear that independent of the specific cylindrical tap used it may be turnable or not by use of the different connections to the casing shown.

Further modifications of the devices shown may of course be thought of without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having now described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A suction apparatus for vacuum cleaning operating with a fluid medium under pressure comprising a casing having an inlet and an outlet dust-collecting conduit, means leading the fluid medium to the casing through said inlet, a dustentraining aperture in said dust-collecting conduit, a member forming a combined guide and valve adjustably mounted in said casing the rear edge of the dust-entraining aperture being inwardly inclined toward the said member, said member forming a guide for the fluid from the inlet of the casing to the outlet of the casing and forming a narrow ejector slit therebetween opening directly into the dust-collecting conduit whereby the compressed medium is guided through the slit past the said aperture directly into the dust-collecting conduit.

2. The device according to claim 1 in which the combined guide and valve member is a solid tap rotatably mounted and has a surface cut away toward the inwardly inclined edge of the dustentraining aperture whereby the width of the ejector slit may be varied.

3. The device according to claim 1 wherein the combined guiding and valve member is a solid tap rotatably adjustably mounted and has a smooth guiding surface cut away toward the inwardly inclined edge of the aperture the radius of said surface increasing continuously from said inlet toward said edge and the surrounding casing wall has a substantially continuously curved internal surface from the inlet to the outlet whereby sharp angles are avoided in the passage for the compressed fluid medium and the size of the ejector slit may be varied.

4. The device according to claim 1 wherein the combined guiding and valve member is a solid tap and has a smooth guiding surface of curvilinear cross-section and is cut away toward the inwardly inclined edge of the aperture, the radius of said surface increasing continuously from said inlet toward said edge and the surrounding casing wall has a substantially continuously curved internal surface from the inlet to the outlet so that a canal is formed the cross-section of which decreases toward the dust entraining aperture.

5. A suction apparatus operating with compressed air or other fluid medium under pressure and more particularly intended for vacuum cleaners, the said apparatus comprising a case with an inlet opening of substantial width and a dust collecting canal leading therefrom for the air,-an opening in the said canal past which the airis led and through which dust particles et cetera are sucked and entrained into said dust collecting canal, a guiding valve member provided in the case between the last mentioned opening and the inlet opening for conducting and distributing the air from the inlet opening and toward said canal, the rear edge of the suction opening being bent inwardly so as to form a narrow ejector slit for the compressed air, said member being adjustably disposed and the slit being so located that the air is led past the suction opening substantially directed into the dust collecting canal, said guiding member consisting of a turning valve having a smooth guiding surface for the air and a surface so cut away toward the inwardly bent edge that the size of the ejector slit may be varied and in which the wall of the case has a continually curved internal surface. 6. A suction apparatus operating with compressed air or other fluid medium under pressure and more particularly intended for vacuum cleaners, the said apparatus comprising a case with an inlet opening of substantial width and a dust collecting canal leading therefrom for the air. an opening in the said canal past which the air is led and through which dust particles et cetera are sucked and entrained into said dust collecting canal, a guiding valve member provided in the case between the last mentioned opening and the inlet opening for conducting and distributing the air from the inlet opening and toward said canal, the rear edge of the suction opening being bent inwardly so as to form a narrow ejector slit for the compressed air, said member being adjustably disposed and the slit being so located that the air is ledpast the suction opening substantially directed into the dust collecting canal, in which the substantially cylindrical guidingmember consists of a turning valve having a smooth guiding surface for the air and a surface so cut away toward the inwardly bent edge that the size of the ejector slit may be varied and in which the wall of the case has a continually curved internal surface, and in which the guiding surface of the guiding member forms with the casing a canal one dimension of which increases progressively when seen in cross section.

7. A suction apparatus operating with compressed air or other fluid medium under pressure and more particularly intended for vacuum cleaners, the said apparatus comprising a case with an inlet opening of substantial width and a dust collecting canal leading therefrom for the 7 air, an opening in the said canal past which the air is led and through which dust particles et cetera are sucked and entrained into said dust collecting canal, a guiding valve member provided in the case between the last mentioned opening and the inlet opening for conducting and distributing the air from the inlet opening and toward said canal, the rear edge of the suction opening being bent inwardly so as to form a narrow ejector slit for the compressed air, said member being adjustably disposed and the slit being so located that the air is led past the suction opening substantially directed into the dust collecting canal, in which the substantially cylindrical guiding member consists of a turning valve having a smooth guiding surface for the air which surface approaches the inner surface of the cas ing from said inlet to said outlet and a surface so cut away toward the inwardly bent edge that the size of the ejector slit may be varied and in which. the wall of the case has a continually curved internal surface, and in which the guiding surface of the turning valve extends from the central inlet opening for the air spirally to-- ward both sides in the direction of the ejector slit so that all axial cross sections of the dimension of the air chamber are equal.

JOHAN EDVIN JONSSON.

RAGNAR WILHELM LARSSON.

ANDERS JOHAN EMIL RYLANDER.

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