US2050970A - Open hole bridger and support - Google Patents

Open hole bridger and support Download PDF

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Publication number
US2050970A
US2050970A US34874A US3487435A US2050970A US 2050970 A US2050970 A US 2050970A US 34874 A US34874 A US 34874A US 3487435 A US3487435 A US 3487435A US 2050970 A US2050970 A US 2050970A
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support
housing
tube
bridger
arms
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US34874A
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James D Hughes
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Eastman Oil Well Survey Co
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Eastman Oil Well Survey Co
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
    • E21B33/134—Bridging plugs

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improvement in the practice of bridging or plugging back of open bore holes drilled for oil, gas or water.
  • the cementing process is expensiveand requires the drilling rig to be shut down from 48 to 72 hours to allow hardening.
  • I also desire to provide a device of this character which may be positively operated from the surface of the ground whenever the desired level is reached.
  • Fig. 1 is a central longitudinal section through a support shown as connected with the lower end of a drill stem or setting tool.
  • Fig. 2 is a similar view partly in elevation showing the anchoring means for the support as being partly extended.
  • Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing the anchoring means in operative extended position.
  • Fig. 4 is a transverse section taken on the plane 44 of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5 is a central longitudinal section through one of the sections of my concrete extension which is supported upon the anchoring means.
  • Fig. 6 is a similar longitudinal section showing a section adapted for attachment to the sections shown in Fig. 5.
  • Fig. 7 is a transverse section on the plane l--l of Fig. 5.
  • Fig. 8 is an assembly view showing my supporting device in position in a well bore with the extensions in position therein for supporting a side tracking member.
  • a device adapted to be placed in position at the proper level in a well bore and adapted to engage the side walls of the open hole and form a fixed support.
  • This device includes an outer tubular housing I, which is threaded at 2 at its upper end for connection by means of a coupling 3 to the nipple or sub 4, said sub having a threaded socket 5 at its upper end for connection with a tool joint 6 at the lower end of the setting string.
  • the lower end of the housing I is threaded at 1 for connection with any pipe which may be extended ahead of the anchor, such for example as the barrel of the packer or similar device. Ordinarily, however, no such extension is necessary or desirable.
  • a flow tube 8 through which mud or flushing fluid may pass longitudinally of the device.
  • This tube is properly spaced and anchored in position concentric with the housing by means of spacer rings 9 and II) at the upper and lower ends, respectively. Said rings are welded, as shown at H, both to the tube and to the interior of the housing.
  • the tube 8 extends through the lower spacing ring l and has a cap l2 thereon, said cap having a constricted opening l3 discharging therefrom.
  • the tube 8 has lateral openings I 4 therein above the lower spacing ring #0, which ring closes the space between the tube and housing.
  • Anchoring arms l are mounted in slots I 6 in the wall of the housing. There are pins 5'! extendingthrough the walls of the housing and acting as pivots for the arms l5. Said arms are tapered from their inner ends away from the pivot and have sharp piercing ends l8 to engage the wall of the hole. Normally said arms are in retracted position lying within the slot l6 in the wall of the housing, their lower ends lying along beveled surfaces 19 on the housing wall.
  • flushing fluid may be discharged downwardly through the setting string and the tube 8 ahead of the device.
  • a ball or other similar closing device 20 is dropped downwardly through the setting string and the tube 8 to engage with the ,upper end of the opening l3, thus forming a closure for the lower end of the tube and necessitating that the flushing fluid be discharged laterally through the openings l4 into the space 2
  • a floating sleeve or piston 22 Within the space 2
  • the device is then lowered.
  • the weight of the setting string will act to force the housing downwardly and the arms l5 will engage the walls of the hole and be gradually forced outwardly as the housing is lowered until they finally assume the position shown in Fig. 3.
  • the arms will then be in an approximately horizontal position, the upper sides thereof engaging against the shoulders 24 at the upper ends of the slots l6.
  • These supporting arms are made of sufiicient length and strong enough to support heavy loads resting upon the anchor or bridger.
  • Said tube also has a plurality of laterally extending lugs 21 thereon and, as shown in Fig. '7, I have four of such lugs in each set and a plurality of longitudinally spaced sets are shown.
  • a cylindrical body 28 of cement or concrete At the upper end of the tube 25, which extends short of the upper end of the body, is a socket 29 having lateral openings 30 therein registering with radially extending openings 3
  • the upper end of the body 28 is preferably formed with a concaved recess 35 to engage with the rounded end 33 of an adjacent section.
  • Fig. 5 As many sections similar to that shown in Fig. 6 may be used as are necessary to space the side tracking member at the proper level above the bridger.
  • the uppermost of the sections may be made as shown in Fig. 5.
  • the upper end of the tube 25' is formed with a threaded socket 34, said socket being threaded with a lefthand thread, so that asetting tool may be screwed therein to lower the extensions into the well.
  • Each section is secured to the next lower section by extending the lower end thereof into the socket 29 in the upper end of the next lower section.
  • the bolts 32 are then inserted diametrically across through the opposite openings 3
  • This type of connection is a flexible one which allows a hinge movement between adjacent sections. This may be desirable where the hole is not exactly straight and allows a certain movement of one section relative to the other where desired, so that extensions may be easily lowered through the hole to a position upon the bridger.
  • a tubular housing for use in wells having an axial fluid passage normally open, a plurality of arms pivotally supported at one end in slots in the side walls of said housing, the lower sharpened ends of said arms being normally presented downwardly, a piston in said housing below said arms, means to close the lower end of said passage operable from the surface and to then direct hydraulic pressure fluid below said piston in said housing, and move said piston upwardly to engage said arms and move them outwardly to engage the walls of the well and means to exert a downward thrust on said housing to move said arms to an approximately horizontal position.
  • a supporting device for wells including a cylindrical body, arms housed therein and pivoted to swing upwardly and outwardly, means to limit the upward movement of said arms, means responsive to fluid pressure to move said arms to a position engaging the walls of the well, a plurality of sections supported on said body, each section comprising a central tube and a cylindrical support of cement cast thereon, said sections having an articulated connection with adjacent sections.
  • a support for use in wells including a cylindrical body, hydraulically operated means to fix said body against downward movement at any desired level in the well, cylindrical upward extension on said support, each section having a rounded lower end, a concave upper end on certain sections, and means to hinge the lower end of one section within the concave upper end of the next adjacent lower section.
  • a supporting housing adapted to be anchored in a well, longitudinal sections of hard material above said housing, each section comprising a cylindrical block of concrete, an axial tube in said block projecting from the lower end thereo and having transverse openings therein, the lower end of each block being shaped to vinterfit with the upper end of the next lower one, and means engaging through said upper end and through saidopenings in the projecting end of said tube to connect the tube to the adjacent lower block.
  • a supporting housing adapted to be anchored in a well, longitudinal sections of hard material above said housing, each section comprising a cylindrical block of concrete, an axial tube in said block projecting from the lower end thereof and having transverse openings therein, the lower end of each block being shaped to interfit with the upper end of the next lower one, a socket in the upper end of said block to receive the projecting lower end of the next adjacent upper block and a transverse pin engaging said tube and socket to connect said sections flexibly together,

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Description

Filed Aug. 6, 1935 2 SheetsSheet l w 7 h [/0 2 47 w I I U Jae/D. Hug hes 1936- .1. D. HUGHES OPEN HOLE BRIDGER AND SUPPORT 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 m b a h OJ u H D a a .IU
Filed Aug. 6, 1935 llll- Patented Aug. 11, 1936 OPEN HOLE BRIDGER AND SUPPORT James D. Hughes, Houston, Tex., assignor to Eastman Oil Well Survey Company, a corporation of Texas Application August 6, 1935, Serial No. 34,874
5 Claims.
This invention relates to an improvement in the practice of bridging or plugging back of open bore holes drilled for oil, gas or water.
In the drilling of wells for oil, gas or water it frequently becomes necessary to side track the existing hole. In order to do this a bridge must be formed in the hole to support a sidetracking or deflecting tool which will drill off at an angle from the old hole.
In the past the practice has been to place a cement slurry in the hole at the point it is desired to bridge or plug and allow the cement to harden. Cement thus placed is frequently subject to heat, contamination of drilling mud, and natural chemical reactions, all adverse to the proper hardening of the cement. If the cement is not hard the bit or deflecting tool will not dig out into the surrounding wall. The cement is drilled out without accomplishing any good. Frequently three or four plugs will be placed in this manner before one is hard enough to work on.
The cementing process is expensiveand requires the drilling rig to be shut down from 48 to 72 hours to allow hardening.
It is the object of this invention to eliminate the expense and uncertainty of the open hole cementing process as employed in side tracking and similar operations by producing a simple, substantial and reliable device that will form a bridge at any desired depth in the hole upon which to place united sections of hardened and cured precast concrete which will guarantee the success of side tracking operations.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a bridger or support which may be adjusted and supported at any desired level in the well bore.
I also desire to provide a device of this character which may be positively operated from the surface of the ground whenever the desired level is reached.
It is a further object to provide a bridger or support which may be lowered and set at the proper level and then detached and left in position in the well to support other devices.
It is a further object of the invention to provide in connection with the support a series of upward extensions thereon to serve as a basis for locating a whipstock or side tracking member at the desired position in the well.
With reference to the drawings herewith Fig. 1 is a central longitudinal section through a support shown as connected with the lower end of a drill stem or setting tool.
Fig. 2 is a similar view partly in elevation showing the anchoring means for the support as being partly extended.
Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing the anchoring means in operative extended position.
Fig. 4 is a transverse section taken on the plane 44 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a central longitudinal section through one of the sections of my concrete extension which is supported upon the anchoring means.
Fig. 6 is a similar longitudinal section showing a section adapted for attachment to the sections shown in Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a transverse section on the plane l--l of Fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is an assembly view showing my supporting device in position in a well bore with the extensions in position therein for supporting a side tracking member.
In carrying out my invention I construct a device adapted to be placed in position at the proper level in a well bore and adapted to engage the side walls of the open hole and form a fixed support. This device includes an outer tubular housing I, which is threaded at 2 at its upper end for connection by means of a coupling 3 to the nipple or sub 4, said sub having a threaded socket 5 at its upper end for connection with a tool joint 6 at the lower end of the setting string. The lower end of the housing I is threaded at 1 for connection with any pipe which may be extended ahead of the anchor, such for example as the barrel of the packer or similar device. Ordinarily, however, no such extension is necessary or desirable.
Within the housing I is a flow tube 8 through which mud or flushing fluid may pass longitudinally of the device. This tube is properly spaced and anchored in position concentric with the housing by means of spacer rings 9 and II) at the upper and lower ends, respectively. Said rings are welded, as shown at H, both to the tube and to the interior of the housing. The tube 8 extends through the lower spacing ring l and has a cap l2 thereon, said cap having a constricted opening l3 discharging therefrom. The tube 8 has lateral openings I 4 therein above the lower spacing ring #0, which ring closes the space between the tube and housing.
Anchoring arms l are mounted in slots I 6 in the wall of the housing. There are pins 5'! extendingthrough the walls of the housing and acting as pivots for the arms l5. Said arms are tapered from their inner ends away from the pivot and have sharp piercing ends l8 to engage the wall of the hole. Normally said arms are in retracted position lying within the slot l6 in the wall of the housing, their lower ends lying along beveled surfaces 19 on the housing wall.
As will be noted from the drawings, while this device is being lowered into the well flushing fluid may be discharged downwardly through the setting string and the tube 8 ahead of the device. When the proper level is reached where the bridger or support is to be set, a ball or other similar closing device 20 is dropped downwardly through the setting string and the tube 8 to engage with the ,upper end of the opening l3, thus forming a closure for the lower end of the tube and necessitating that the flushing fluid be discharged laterally through the openings l4 into the space 2| between the housing and the tube.
Within the space 2| is normally placed a floating sleeve or piston 22, the upper end of which is tapered inwardly at 23. Hence when the liquid is discharged through the lower openings M it will engage against the lower end of the sleeve 22 and force the same upwardly, thus tending to force the lower ends of the anchoring arms [5 outwardly as shown in Fig. 2. The device is then lowered. The weight of the setting string will act to force the housing downwardly and the arms l5 will engage the walls of the hole and be gradually forced outwardly as the housing is lowered until they finally assume the position shown in Fig. 3. The arms will then be in an approximately horizontal position, the upper sides thereof engaging against the shoulders 24 at the upper ends of the slots l6. These supporting arms are made of sufiicient length and strong enough to support heavy loads resting upon the anchor or bridger.
In order that the side tracking tool may be given a substantial support at the proper level in the well, sections of solid material, such as cement, are lowered to a position on top of the anchor. In order that this may be done, the sub 4 and the collar 3 at the upper end of the anchor are unscrewed and removed from the support. The engaging thread between the collar 3 and the housing I is a lefthand thread. Thus by rotation of the setting string to the right the collar 3 will be screwed upwardly and away from the housing and may be withdrawn. I then lower upon the bridger one or more of my precast cement extensions. The lower one of such extensions will preferably be made as shown in Fig. 6. There is a central tube 25, the lower end of which has opposite lateral openings 26 therein. Said tube also has a plurality of laterally extending lugs 21 thereon and, as shown in Fig. '7, I have four of such lugs in each set and a plurality of longitudinally spaced sets are shown. About this tube is cast a cylindrical body 28 of cement or concrete. At the upper end of the tube 25, which extends short of the upper end of the body, is a socket 29 having lateral openings 30 therein registering with radially extending openings 3| to receive bolts or pins 32. The upper end of the body 28 is preferably formed with a concaved recess 35 to engage with the rounded end 33 of an adjacent section.
As many sections similar to that shown in Fig. 6 may be used as are necessary to space the side tracking member at the proper level above the bridger. The uppermost of the sections may be made as shown in Fig. 5. In this section the upper end of the tube 25' is formed with a threaded socket 34, said socket being threaded with a lefthand thread, so that asetting tool may be screwed therein to lower the extensions into the well. Each section is secured to the next lower section by extending the lower end thereof into the socket 29 in the upper end of the next lower section. The bolts 32 are then inserted diametrically across through the opposite openings 3| and through the openings 26 in the next upper section and said bolts are secured in place in the customary manner by means of a nut threaded thereon. This type of connection is a flexible one which allows a hinge movement between adjacent sections. This may be desirable where the hole is not exactly straight and allows a certain movement of one section relative to the other where desired, so that extensions may be easily lowered through the hole to a position upon the bridger.
It will be clear from the description given that I am enabled with the use of the bridger and the extensions placed thereon to form a solidand substantial support for my side-tracking device. These extensions may be made of cement which has been set for a suflicient length of time so that they will form a substantial support which will not crumble or give-away when the side-tracking tool is set thereon. Because of the sectional character of the extensions it is possible to place any desired number in position on the support so that the upper level will be at the exact point where side-tracking is desired. The advantages of this construction will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
What is claimed as new is:
1. A tubular housing for use in wells having an axial fluid passage normally open, a plurality of arms pivotally supported at one end in slots in the side walls of said housing, the lower sharpened ends of said arms being normally presented downwardly, a piston in said housing below said arms, means to close the lower end of said passage operable from the surface and to then direct hydraulic pressure fluid below said piston in said housing, and move said piston upwardly to engage said arms and move them outwardly to engage the walls of the well and means to exert a downward thrust on said housing to move said arms to an approximately horizontal position.
2. A supporting device for wells, including a cylindrical body, arms housed therein and pivoted to swing upwardly and outwardly, means to limit the upward movement of said arms, means responsive to fluid pressure to move said arms to a position engaging the walls of the well, a plurality of sections supported on said body, each section comprising a central tube and a cylindrical support of cement cast thereon, said sections having an articulated connection with adjacent sections.
3. A support for use in wells including a cylindrical body, hydraulically operated means to fix said body against downward movement at any desired level in the well, cylindrical upward extension on said support, each section having a rounded lower end, a concave upper end on certain sections, and means to hinge the lower end of one section within the concave upper end of the next adjacent lower section.
4. A supporting housing adapted to be anchored in a well, longitudinal sections of hard material above said housing, each section comprising a cylindrical block of concrete, an axial tube in said block projecting from the lower end thereo and having transverse openings therein, the lower end of each block being shaped to vinterfit with the upper end of the next lower one, and means engaging through said upper end and through saidopenings in the projecting end of said tube to connect the tube to the adjacent lower block.
5. A supporting housing adapted to be anchored in a well, longitudinal sections of hard material above said housing, each section comprising a cylindrical block of concrete, an axial tube in said block projecting from the lower end thereof and having transverse openings therein, the lower end of each block being shaped to interfit with the upper end of the next lower one, a socket in the upper end of said block to receive the projecting lower end of the next adjacent upper block and a transverse pin engaging said tube and socket to connect said sections flexibly together,
JAMES D. HUGHES.
US34874A 1935-08-06 1935-08-06 Open hole bridger and support Expired - Lifetime US2050970A (en)

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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2589430A (en) * 1950-07-21 1952-03-18 Walter H Pletcher Apparatus for sealing off wells being drilled
US2618344A (en) * 1946-04-20 1952-11-18 Lane Wells Co Bridging plug
US2760580A (en) * 1954-02-12 1956-08-28 Madge Johnston Side wall tester
US3709031A (en) * 1970-07-02 1973-01-09 S Wilson Means for determining the shear strength of earth in situ
US4376463A (en) * 1978-11-30 1983-03-15 Standard Oil Company (Indiana) Method of applying tensile stress to a casing
US5758724A (en) * 1995-09-12 1998-06-02 Enlink Geoenergy Services, Inc. Underground heat exchange system
US6041862A (en) * 1995-09-12 2000-03-28 Amerman; Thomas R. Ground heat exchange system
US6250371B1 (en) 1995-09-12 2001-06-26 Enlink Geoenergy Services, Inc. Energy transfer systems
US6276438B1 (en) 1995-09-12 2001-08-21 Thomas R. Amerman Energy systems
US6585036B2 (en) 1995-09-12 2003-07-01 Enlink Geoenergy Services, Inc. Energy systems
US6672371B1 (en) 1995-09-12 2004-01-06 Enlink Geoenergy Services, Inc. Earth heat exchange system
US6860320B2 (en) 1995-09-12 2005-03-01 Enlink Geoenergy Services, Inc. Bottom member and heat loops
US7017650B2 (en) 1995-09-12 2006-03-28 Enlink Geoenergy Services, Inc. Earth loop energy systems
US20100044041A1 (en) * 2008-08-22 2010-02-25 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. High rate stimulation method for deep, large bore completions
US20110198099A1 (en) * 2010-02-16 2011-08-18 Zierolf Joseph A Anchor apparatus and method
US20120152550A1 (en) * 2008-08-22 2012-06-21 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Method for Inducing Fracture Complexity in Hydraulically Fractured Horizontal Well Completions
CN103590783A (en) * 2012-08-14 2014-02-19 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Open hole easy-drilled bridge plug
US9796918B2 (en) 2013-01-30 2017-10-24 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Wellbore servicing fluids and methods of making and using same

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2618344A (en) * 1946-04-20 1952-11-18 Lane Wells Co Bridging plug
US2589430A (en) * 1950-07-21 1952-03-18 Walter H Pletcher Apparatus for sealing off wells being drilled
US2760580A (en) * 1954-02-12 1956-08-28 Madge Johnston Side wall tester
US3709031A (en) * 1970-07-02 1973-01-09 S Wilson Means for determining the shear strength of earth in situ
US4376463A (en) * 1978-11-30 1983-03-15 Standard Oil Company (Indiana) Method of applying tensile stress to a casing
US6672371B1 (en) 1995-09-12 2004-01-06 Enlink Geoenergy Services, Inc. Earth heat exchange system
US7017650B2 (en) 1995-09-12 2006-03-28 Enlink Geoenergy Services, Inc. Earth loop energy systems
US6250371B1 (en) 1995-09-12 2001-06-26 Enlink Geoenergy Services, Inc. Energy transfer systems
US6276438B1 (en) 1995-09-12 2001-08-21 Thomas R. Amerman Energy systems
US6585036B2 (en) 1995-09-12 2003-07-01 Enlink Geoenergy Services, Inc. Energy systems
US5758724A (en) * 1995-09-12 1998-06-02 Enlink Geoenergy Services, Inc. Underground heat exchange system
US6860320B2 (en) 1995-09-12 2005-03-01 Enlink Geoenergy Services, Inc. Bottom member and heat loops
US6041862A (en) * 1995-09-12 2000-03-28 Amerman; Thomas R. Ground heat exchange system
US20100044041A1 (en) * 2008-08-22 2010-02-25 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. High rate stimulation method for deep, large bore completions
US20120152550A1 (en) * 2008-08-22 2012-06-21 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Method for Inducing Fracture Complexity in Hydraulically Fractured Horizontal Well Completions
US8960292B2 (en) 2008-08-22 2015-02-24 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. High rate stimulation method for deep, large bore completions
US8960296B2 (en) 2009-07-24 2015-02-24 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Complex fracturing using a straddle packer in a horizontal wellbore
US20110198099A1 (en) * 2010-02-16 2011-08-18 Zierolf Joseph A Anchor apparatus and method
CN103590783A (en) * 2012-08-14 2014-02-19 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Open hole easy-drilled bridge plug
CN103590783B (en) * 2012-08-14 2015-12-09 中国石油化工股份有限公司 A kind of open hole well easily bores bridging plug
US9796918B2 (en) 2013-01-30 2017-10-24 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Wellbore servicing fluids and methods of making and using same

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