US2050379A - Blast furnace filling device - Google Patents

Blast furnace filling device Download PDF

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US2050379A
US2050379A US608A US60835A US2050379A US 2050379 A US2050379 A US 2050379A US 608 A US608 A US 608A US 60835 A US60835 A US 60835A US 2050379 A US2050379 A US 2050379A
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furnace
rings
hopper
charge
throat
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Owen R Rice
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FREYN ENGINEERING Co
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FREYN ENGINEERING CO
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/08Top armourings

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  • An object of the present invention is to provide ianimproved structure for charging material to 20 a furnace which is simple both in its parts and in its operation. i A further object is to provide an improved structure for charging material into a blast furnace which will have the'result that the break- 25 :age of the material into fine pieces is minimized. A further object is to provide a construction which minimizes undesirable segregation of the material into sizes.
  • a further object is to provide a construction '30 which so distributes the charge that the amount of dust carried off with the blast furnace gas is minimized.
  • 'A further object is to provide'blast furnace charging means in which'the conventional large bell with its operating mechanism and the conventional distributor with its operating mechanism will be rendered unnecessary.
  • a further object is to provide a construction which will result in an increase over prior prac- 40 tice in the exposed area at the 'top of the furnace charge, resulting in lower velocity of the gases issuing from the charge.
  • a further object is to provide a construction which will produce improved uniformity of gas 45 flow upward through the furnace charge.
  • the one figure of the drawing illustrates a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the numeral 1 indicates a blast furnace, which blast furnace has the usual conical top portion 2.
  • rings M In theillustrated embodiment, four of said rings M are provided. Said rings vary progressively indiameter, the ring of smallest diameter being closest to the throat' l2. Said rings--
  • rings l4l4 arespaced down- The angle l9 between the surface I 8 and-a horizontal, plane is chosen of amagnitude greater than the angle of repwe of the material of the charge Within the blastfurnace, for a purpose which will be discussed presently.
  • the rings l4-I4 should beso disposed that 'the'frustoconical surface I8 defined thereby will beintersected' by the'normal stock line l3'intermediate of the height of said surface between the throat i2 and the region'of intersection-of said cone with thefurnace wall I.
  • Thenumerals 20 20 indicate the conventional gas'offtakes; which gas offtakes-communicate with the inside of; the fur- "nace'at areglonadjacent to the 'plane'marklng conical surfaces,
  • auxiliary gas offtakes 2l2l communicating with the region above the main hopper H.
  • auxiliary gas offtakes 2l-2l accommodate and induce gas flow through the part of the charge disposed within said main hopper II.
  • Said auxiliary gas ofitakes 21-2! also induce gas flow through the central portion of the stock column, a function sought for but not attained in blast furnaces as now commonly used.
  • Said hills and valleys permit the heavier material to segregate by rolling down said hills into said valleys, thus forming zones of open texture material and zones of closer texture material, permitting marked segregation of gas flow upward through the charge of the blast furnace.
  • this segregation of coarse and fine material does not occur, and the gas within the furnace is provided with no preferential path by virtue .of any difference in openings or texture of the charge.
  • the present invention provides a gas emitting surface of considerably greater area than is provided by the usual type of. blast furnace filling means.
  • the same volume of gas will be generated in the smelting operation in the furnace according to the conventional distribution of the charge and according to the distribution hereinabove described.
  • the area of the gas emitting surface according to the present invention is greater, the velocity of the gas will be correspondingly less. Consequently less dust will be carried off through the gas outlets.
  • auxiliary gas outlets 2l-2I is accompanied by the advantage that the gas distribution throughout the column of the charge in the furnace may be predetermined.
  • the size relation between the offtakes 2020 and 2 l-2l may be chosen to produce the evenness of distribution desired.
  • a blast furnace in combination, a furnace wall, said furnace wall being provided with a top portion, means disposed in said top portion for admitting charge to said furnace, a conical main hopper disposed beneath said admitting means, said main hopper having a throat disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, and louvre rings within said furnace disposed below said throat, said louvre rings being arranged in circumferential echelon and varying increasingly in diameter from said 20 throat downwardly of said furnace, gas offtakes communicating with the space bounded by said hopper, said rings and said furnace wall, and auxiliary oiftakes communicating with the space above said hopper and below said charge admitting means.
  • a blast furnace in combination, a furnace wall, said furnace wall being provided with a top portion, means disposed in said top portion for admitting charge to said furnace, a conical main hopper disposed beneath said admitting means, said main hopper having a throat disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, and louvre rings within said furnace disposed below said throat, said louvre rings being arranged in circumferential echelon and varying increasingly in diameter from said throat downwardly of said furnace, the lower inner extremities of said louvre rings having their loci within a conical surface having an angularity with a horizontal plane greater than the angle of repose of the charge within said furnace, gas oiftakes communicating with the space bounded by said hopper, said rings and said furnace wall, and auxiliary offtakes communicating with the space above said hopper and below said charge admitting means.
  • a furnace wall having a top portion, means for admitting charge located in said top portion, a conical hopper below said admitting means, said conical hopper having a throat disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, and a plurality of rings disposed coaxially with said throat, said rings being disposed in circumferential echelon and increasing progressively in diameter from a region immediately below said throat to a region adjacent to said furnace wall, gas offtakes communicating with the space bounded by said hopper, said rings and said furnace wall, and auxiliary offtakes communicating with the space above said hopper and below said charge admitting means.
  • a furnace wall having a top portion, means for admitting charge located in said top portion, a conical hopper below said admitting means, said conical hopper having a throat disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, a plurality of rings disposed coaxially with said throat, said rings being disposed in circumferential echelon and increasing progressively in diameter from a region immediately below said throat to a region adjacent tosaid furnace wall,
  • a blast furnace in combination, a furnace wall having a top portion, means for admitting charge located in said top portion, a conical hopper below said admitting means, said conical hopper having a throat disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, a plurality of rings disposed coaxially with said throat, said rings being disposed in circumferential echelon and increasing progressively in diameter from a region immediately below said throat to a region adjacent to said furnace wall, gas oiftakes in said furnace wall communicating with the space bounded by said hopper, said louvre rings and said furnace wall, and auxiliary gas offtakes for discharging gas from the space within said furnace above said conical hopper and below said charge admitting means.
  • a furnace wall having a top portion, means for admitting charge located in said top portion, a conical hopper below said admitting means, said conical hopper having a throat disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, and a plurality of rings disposed coaxially with said throat, said rings being disposed in circumferential echelon and increasing progressively in diameter from a region immediately below said throat to a region adjacent to said furnace wall, the lower inner extremities of said louvre rings having their loci within a conical surface having an angularity with a horizontal plane greater than the angle of repose of the charge within said furnace, gas oiftakes communicating with the space bounded by said hopper, said rings and said furnace wall, and auxiliary offtakes communicating with the space above said hopper and below said charge admitting means.
  • a furnace wall having a top portion, means for admitting charge located in said top portion, a conical hopper below said admitting means, said conical hopper having a throat disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, a plurality of rings disposed coaxially with said throat, said rings being disposed in circumferential echelon and increasing progressively in diameter from a region immediately below said throat to a region adjacent to said furnace wall, and gas oiftakes in said furnace wall communicating with the space bounded by said hopper, said louvre rings and said furnace wall, the lower inner extremities of said louvre rings having their loci within a conical surface having an angularity with a horizontal plane greater than the angle of repose of the charge within said furnace, and auxiliary gas offtakes communicating with the space above said hopper and below said charge admitting means.
  • a blast furnace in combination, a furnace wall having a top portion, means for admitting charge located in said top portion, a conical hopper below said admitting means, said conical hopper having athroat disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, a plurality of rings disposed coaxially with said throat,
  • said rings being disposed in circumferential eche-.
  • a blast furnace in combination, a furnace wall, said furnace wall being provided with a top portion, means disposed in said top portion for admitting charge to said furnace, a conical main hopper disposed beneath said admitting means, said main hopper having a throat disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, and louvre rings within said furnace disposed below said throat, said louvre rings being arranged in circumferential echelon and varying increasingly in diameter from said throat downwardly of said furnace, the lower inner extremities of said louvre rings having their loci within a conical surface having an angularity with a horizontal plane greater than the angle of repose of the charge within said furnace, each of said rings being of sufiicient height with respect to the vertical distance between itand the ring next above, such that the charge within said rings lying at its angle of repose will not overflow the tops of said rings, gas oiftakes communicating with the space bounded by said hopper, said rings and said furnace wall, and auxiliary offtakes communicating with the space
  • a furnace Wall in combination, a furnace Wall, said furnace wall being provide-d with a top portion, means disposed in said top portion for admitting charge to said furnace, a conical main hopper disposed beneath said admitting means, said main hopper having a throat disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, means within said furnace wall for defining a substantially conical surface of the charge within said furnace below said main hopper, gas offtakes for taking off gas from said conical surface of said charge, and auxiliary gas 1 offtakes communicating with the space above said hopper and below said charge admitting means for inducing gas flow through the central portion of the stock column within said Wall.
  • a furnace wall in combination, a furnace wall, said furnace wall being provided with a top portion, means disposed in said top portion for admitting charge to said furnace, a conical main hopper disposed beneath said admitting means, said main hopper having a throat disposed sub stantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, louvre rings withinsaid furnace disposed below said throat, said louvre rings being arranged in circumferential echelon and varying increasingly in diameter from said throat downwardly of said furnace, rigid supporting members for holding said rings in fixed position relative to one another, and supporting means for holding said rings in fixed relationship with said hopper and with said furnace wall.

Description

Aug. 11, 1936. o. R. RICE BLAST FURNACE FILL-ING DEVICE Filed Jan. 7, 1935 Im/znfor Owen EE/bz.
W/Zwmgw, y'ww Patented Aug. 11, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BLAST FURNACE FILLING I DEVICE Owen R.v Rice, Chicago, Ill., assignor to'Freyn Engineering Company, Chicago, 111., acorporation of Maine Application January '7,1935,':Serial No. 608
11 Claims. (Cl;'26627) in series, one being open while the other is closed,
whereby the material may be charged into the furnace without a material escape of gas through the filling means. Furthermore, according to 10 prior practice it has been necessary to provide distributing means to distribute as well as possible the material charged into the furnace. According to prior practice, difliculty has been encounteredby reason of the fact that the coarse 15 pieces of material will segregate from thefine pieces, resulting in lack of uniformity of gas flow upward through the furnace charge.
An object of the present invention is to provide ianimproved structure for charging material to 20 a furnace which is simple both in its parts and in its operation. i A further object is to provide an improved structure for charging material into a blast furnace which will have the'result that the break- 25 :age of the material into fine pieces is minimized. A further object is to provide a construction which minimizes undesirable segregation of the material into sizes.
A further object is to provide a construction '30 which so distributes the charge that the amount of dust carried off with the blast furnace gas is minimized.
'A further object is to provide'blast furnace charging means in which'the conventional large bell with its operating mechanism and the conventional distributor with its operating mechanism will be rendered unnecessary.
A further object is to provide a construction which will result in an increase over prior prac- 40 tice in the exposed area at the 'top of the furnace charge, resulting in lower velocity of the gases issuing from the charge.
A further object is to provide a construction which will produce improved uniformity of gas 45 flow upward through the furnace charge.
Further objects will appear as the description proceeds.
The one figure of the drawing illustrates a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
50 The numeral 1 indicates a blast furnace, which blast furnace has the usual conical top portion 2.
"Disposed'symmetrically with the top portion 2 is the cone 3, which provides a seat for the bell 4,
which bell 4 may be operated through therod'5 by'any preferred'nreans, Disposed above the furnace top 2. is the cylindrical hopper 6, through which material may be conducted to the bell 4, said'material being dumped into said cylindrical hopper Bby means-of the skip I. The'cylindrical hopper 6 maybe controlledby the gate 8, which willbe closed when the bell 4' is in lowered, that is-open, position. The gate 8 may be controlled bymeansof operating mechanism, indicated by the numeral '9, which operates through linkage or'other power transmitting means, indicated by 10 the numeral 10. Supported within the top por- 'tion 2*of the furnace is themainhopper |l.dis posed coaxially with respect to the furnace and to the hell 4. Said main hopper ll is'frustoconical in contour, the smaller portion being lowermost, and provides the throat l2 disposed substantially coaxially with the furnace I. The numeral l3 indicates the normal stock line. of
'the'furnace, and thethroat l2 of the main hopper II will be disposed above said normal stock line l3. 7
. Disposed below the throat I2 of the main hopper i I area plurality of coaxially disposed louvre rings I l-l4 arranged in circumferential echelon.
In theillustrated embodiment, four of said rings M are provided. Said rings vary progressively indiameter, the ring of smallest diameter being closest to the throat' l2. Said rings--|4-I4 are held infixed relationship with eachother by meansof the supporting angles I5-I5. The 3 .assemb-lyof. rings I l-I4 is held in fixed relationship with respect to the furnace I by means of the struts 5-16 and issuspended from the main hopper H bymeans. of a plurality of suspension rods. ll -l'l, of which only one is illustrated in thedrawing. .Said rings l4l4 arespaced down- The angle l9 between the surface I 8 and-a horizontal, plane is chosen of amagnitude greater than the angle of repwe of the material of the charge Within the blastfurnace, for a purpose which will be discussed presently. The rings l4-I4 should beso disposed that 'the'frustoconical surface I8 defined thereby will beintersected' by the'normal stock line l3'intermediate of the height of said surface between the throat i2 and the region'of intersection-of said cone with thefurnace wall I.
Thenumerals 20 20 indicate the conventional gas'offtakes; which gas offtakes-communicate with the inside of; the fur- "nace'at areglonadjacent to the 'plane'marklng conical surfaces,
the location of the throat l2 of the main hopper I I. These conventional offtakes 2020 receive the gas from the surface of the charge bounded by the louvre rings 14-44. The present invention contemplates auxiliary gas offtakes 2l2l communicating with the region above the main hopper H. These auxiliary gas offtakes 2l-2l accommodate and induce gas flow through the part of the charge disposed within said main hopper II. Said auxiliary gas ofitakes 21-2! also induce gas flow through the central portion of the stock column, a function sought for but not attained in blast furnaces as now commonly used.
In operation, material will be fed into the cylindrical hopper 6, the gate 8 being open at this time and the bell 4 being closed. The gate 8 will then be closed and the hell 4 will be opened a sufiicient distance to allow the material thereon to be dumped into the furnace I. As the furnace charge moves downward due to the smelting operation in the lower part of. the furnace, the more recently charged material in the main hopper ll moves downward through the throat [2 into the region bounded by the louvre rings l4l4. This manner of movement entirely avoids the formations of hills and valleys, which characteristically accompany the use of a large bell such as has been customary heretofore in filling a blast furnace. Said hills and valleys permit the heavier material to segregate by rolling down said hills into said valleys, thus forming zones of open texture material and zones of closer texture material, permitting marked segregation of gas flow upward through the charge of the blast furnace. By means of the louvre ring system above referred to, this segregation of coarse and fine material does not occur, and the gas within the furnace is provided with no preferential path by virtue .of any difference in openings or texture of the charge.
By reason of the fact that the angle l9 between a horizontal plane and the conical surface constituting the locus of the inner lower edges of the rings |4l4 is greater than the angle of repose of the charge within the. furnace, said charge Will assume a predetermined outline. The material below the throat [2 will assume an outline defined by a plurality of frustoindicated by the numerals 22-22, which plurality of frusto-conical surfaces approximate a single cone'of material, bounded at the top by the throat l2 and at the bottom by the diameter of the inner cylindrical surface of the furnace wall. Above the throat l2 will be a 'pile of material, indicated by the numeral 23. The present invention provides a gas emitting surface of considerably greater area than is provided by the usual type of. blast furnace filling means. The same volume of gas will be generated in the smelting operation in the furnace according to the conventional distribution of the charge and according to the distribution hereinabove described. However, inasmuch as the area of the gas emitting surface according to the present invention is greater, the velocity of the gas will be correspondingly less. Consequently less dust will be carried off through the gas outlets.
The provision of the auxiliary gas outlets 2l-2I is accompanied by the advantage that the gas distribution throughout the column of the charge in the furnace may be predetermined. For this purpose the size relation between the offtakes 2020 and 2 l-2l may be chosen to produce the evenness of distribution desired.
Though a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, many modifications will occur to those skilled in the art. It is intended to cover all such modifications that fall within the scope of the appended claims.
What is claimed is- 1. In a blast furnace, in combination, a furnace wall, said furnace wall being provided with a top portion, means disposed in said top portion for admitting charge to said furnace, a conical main hopper disposed beneath said admitting means, said main hopper having a throat disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, and louvre rings within said furnace disposed below said throat, said louvre rings being arranged in circumferential echelon and varying increasingly in diameter from said 20 throat downwardly of said furnace, gas offtakes communicating with the space bounded by said hopper, said rings and said furnace wall, and auxiliary oiftakes communicating with the space above said hopper and below said charge admitting means.
2. In a blast furnace, in combination, a furnace wall, said furnace wall being provided with a top portion, means disposed in said top portion for admitting charge to said furnace, a conical main hopper disposed beneath said admitting means, said main hopper having a throat disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, and louvre rings within said furnace disposed below said throat, said louvre rings being arranged in circumferential echelon and varying increasingly in diameter from said throat downwardly of said furnace, the lower inner extremities of said louvre rings having their loci within a conical surface having an angularity with a horizontal plane greater than the angle of repose of the charge within said furnace, gas oiftakes communicating with the space bounded by said hopper, said rings and said furnace wall, and auxiliary offtakes communicating with the space above said hopper and below said charge admitting means.
3. In a blast furnace, in combination, a furnace wall having a top portion, means for admitting charge located in said top portion, a conical hopper below said admitting means, said conical hopper having a throat disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, and a plurality of rings disposed coaxially with said throat, said rings being disposed in circumferential echelon and increasing progressively in diameter from a region immediately below said throat to a region adjacent to said furnace wall, gas offtakes communicating with the space bounded by said hopper, said rings and said furnace wall, and auxiliary offtakes communicating with the space above said hopper and below said charge admitting means. 7
4. In a blast furnace, in combination, a furnace wall having a top portion, means for admitting charge located in said top portion, a conical hopper below said admitting means, said conical hopper having a throat disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, a plurality of rings disposed coaxially with said throat, said rings being disposed in circumferential echelon and increasing progressively in diameter from a region immediately below said throat to a region adjacent tosaid furnace wall,
and gas ofitakes in said furnace Wall communieating with the space bounded by said hopper, said louvre rings and said furnace wall, and auxiliary gas offtakes communicating with the space above said hopper and below said charge admitting means.
5. In a blast furnace, in combination, a furnace wall having a top portion, means for admitting charge located in said top portion, a conical hopper below said admitting means, said conical hopper having a throat disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, a plurality of rings disposed coaxially with said throat, said rings being disposed in circumferential echelon and increasing progressively in diameter from a region immediately below said throat to a region adjacent to said furnace wall, gas oiftakes in said furnace wall communicating with the space bounded by said hopper, said louvre rings and said furnace wall, and auxiliary gas offtakes for discharging gas from the space within said furnace above said conical hopper and below said charge admitting means.
6. In a blast furnace, in combination, a furnace wall having a top portion, means for admitting charge located in said top portion, a conical hopper below said admitting means, said conical hopper having a throat disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, and a plurality of rings disposed coaxially with said throat, said rings being disposed in circumferential echelon and increasing progressively in diameter from a region immediately below said throat to a region adjacent to said furnace wall, the lower inner extremities of said louvre rings having their loci within a conical surface having an angularity with a horizontal plane greater than the angle of repose of the charge within said furnace, gas oiftakes communicating with the space bounded by said hopper, said rings and said furnace wall, and auxiliary offtakes communicating with the space above said hopper and below said charge admitting means.
7. In a blast furnace, in combination, a furnace wall having a top portion, means for admitting charge located in said top portion, a conical hopper below said admitting means, said conical hopper having a throat disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, a plurality of rings disposed coaxially with said throat, said rings being disposed in circumferential echelon and increasing progressively in diameter from a region immediately below said throat to a region adjacent to said furnace wall, and gas oiftakes in said furnace wall communicating with the space bounded by said hopper, said louvre rings and said furnace wall, the lower inner extremities of said louvre rings having their loci within a conical surface having an angularity with a horizontal plane greater than the angle of repose of the charge within said furnace, and auxiliary gas offtakes communicating with the space above said hopper and below said charge admitting means.
8. In a blast furnace, in combination, a furnace wall having a top portion, means for admitting charge located in said top portion, a conical hopper below said admitting means, said conical hopper having athroat disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, a plurality of rings disposed coaxially with said throat,
said rings being disposed in circumferential eche-.
lon and increasing progressively in diameter from a region immediately below said throat to a region adjacent to said furnace wall, gas oiftakes in said furnace wall communicating with the space bounded by said hopper, said'louvre rings and said furnace wall, and auxiliary gas oiftakes communicating with the upper portion of the space within said conical hopper and below said charge admitting means, the lower inner extremities of said louvre rings having their loci within a conical surface having an angularity with a horizontal plane greater than the angle of repose of the charge within said furnace.
9. In a blast furnace, in combination, a furnace wall, said furnace wall being provided with a top portion, means disposed in said top portion for admitting charge to said furnace, a conical main hopper disposed beneath said admitting means, said main hopper having a throat disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, and louvre rings within said furnace disposed below said throat, said louvre rings being arranged in circumferential echelon and varying increasingly in diameter from said throat downwardly of said furnace, the lower inner extremities of said louvre rings having their loci within a conical surface having an angularity with a horizontal plane greater than the angle of repose of the charge within said furnace, each of said rings being of sufiicient height with respect to the vertical distance between itand the ring next above, such that the charge within said rings lying at its angle of repose will not overflow the tops of said rings, gas oiftakes communicating with the space bounded by said hopper, said rings and said furnace wall, and auxiliary offtakes communicating with the space above said hopper and below said charge admitting means.
10. In a blast furnace, in combination, a furnace Wall, said furnace wall being provide-d with a top portion, means disposed in said top portion for admitting charge to said furnace, a conical main hopper disposed beneath said admitting means, said main hopper having a throat disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, means within said furnace wall for defining a substantially conical surface of the charge within said furnace below said main hopper, gas offtakes for taking off gas from said conical surface of said charge, and auxiliary gas 1 offtakes communicating with the space above said hopper and below said charge admitting means for inducing gas flow through the central portion of the stock column within said Wall.
11. In a blast furnace, in combination, a furnace wall, said furnace wall being provided with a top portion, means disposed in said top portion for admitting charge to said furnace, a conical main hopper disposed beneath said admitting means, said main hopper having a throat disposed sub stantially symmetrically with respect to said furnace wall, louvre rings withinsaid furnace disposed below said throat, said louvre rings being arranged in circumferential echelon and varying increasingly in diameter from said throat downwardly of said furnace, rigid supporting members for holding said rings in fixed position relative to one another, and supporting means for holding said rings in fixed relationship with said hopper and with said furnace wall.
OWEN R. RICE.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2671017A (en) * 1949-09-24 1954-03-02 Reserve Mining Co Method of charging a blast furnace
US3045996A (en) * 1959-11-19 1962-07-24 Koppers Co Inc Ultra high pressure blast furnace

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2671017A (en) * 1949-09-24 1954-03-02 Reserve Mining Co Method of charging a blast furnace
US3045996A (en) * 1959-11-19 1962-07-24 Koppers Co Inc Ultra high pressure blast furnace

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