US2050325A

US2050325A - Method of setting the twist of rayon yarn

Info

Publication number: US2050325A
Application number: US604647A
Authority: US
Inventors: Hood John Marshall
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1932-04-11
Filing date: 1932-04-11
Publication date: 1936-08-11
Anticipated expiration: 1953-08-11

Description

Patented Aug. 11, 1936 UNITED STATES mrrnon or snrrrmo 'nm TWIST 0F anon YARN r John Marshall Hood, Pawtucket, n. I.

' No Drawing. Application April 11, 1932,

- Serial No. 604,647

8 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in the methods of setting the twistof rayon yarn, whereby it becomes possible to spin the yarn directly onto weaving or shuttle bobbins, without the necessity of rewinding it to other carriers as a result of the yarn becoming soft or loose on the bobbins, due to a twist-setting operation, thereby eliminating time, expensive machinery and a high labor cost. Yarns having the twist set by my methods will not have to be kept in a conditioning atmosphere. It also applies to the setting of the twist of rayon yarn spun onto intermediate bobbins, or carriers, from which it must later be rewound onto weaving or shuttle bobbins, or to othercarriers; such rewinding not being necessary because of faulty twist-setting, but simply to get the yarn onto a more convenient carrier. It also applies to the setting of the twist of cotton, wool, real silk, Celanese", and other natural or artificial fibres spun directly onto weaving or shuttle bobbins, or onto intermediate bobbins for a'later rewind onto suitable caniers; it also applies to the preparation of the yarn with the materials used previous to spinning and then spinning directly onto weaving or shuttle bobbins, or

onto intermediate bobbins, the yarn, after spinning, requiring no after-treatment to set the twist, when properly'prepared, before spinning.

Yarn properly treated by my process will be firmly and tightly wound on the bobbin, or other carrier to which it has been twisted and will not require a rewind because it is not firm or tight. Moreover, said yarn will not soften, or become loose during the storage. Any rewinding required will be for the purpose of transferring the yarn to a more convenient form of carrier and not because of the yarn becoming loose, as the result,

of the twist-setting.- Another feature of my improvement. is that the twist-setting materials can be recovered and re-used. 4

The usual method in spinning rayon yarn, at the present time, consists in preparing it for spinning by employing a preliminary treatment, .as sizing, waxing, oiling, or other treatment, then passing it through the spinning process and winding it onto bobbins, not weaving or shuttle bobbins. The yarn on the bobbin is now too lively, due to kinks, tobe handled and the'twist must be set before the yarn can be further processed. This is accomplished in several ways; by means of water or water solutions of gums, starches, dextrines, oils, waxes, by steaming, or by a combination of materials. The treated yarn is then dried, if need be, and then wound onto weaving or shuttle bobbins. This may necessitate winding REISSUED from the spinning room bobbins to spoolson spooling machines, and then winding from spools to the weaving or shuttle bobbins on expensive winding machines. The cost of twist-setting and re-' winding is high and my process is designed to 5 eliminate much of the expense.

When rayon yarn is spun directly from a spinning frame onto weaving or shuttle bobbins and the twist set by the methods in use at the present time, such as immersing the yarn in water, or 1 in water solutions of gums, oils, waxes, starches, dextrines, etc., or steamed, the yarn, especially'- in storage, may swell and soften so that in some cases the bobbin can be pulled away from the yarn. Such bobbins cannot be used for weaving. 15 Claims are made that the yarn does not swell, but that the bobbin dries out. I claim, for my improved process, that it will remedy the trouble, whatever the cause. If due to the bobbin drying, my treatment will overcome the difiiculty for, if a properly conditioned bobbin is used at the start, it becomes coated with a protecting layer of wax, oil, or rosin, or other binder, and would neither dry out nor swell appreciably. Moreover, my treatment need not appreciably alter the natural moisture content of any yarn to which it may be applied, and therefore, the tendency to swell in storage, due to water take-up, would be minimized. If the fabric to be treated is a crepe consisting of a highly twisted filling (for instance 30 50-55 turns per inch per denier 40 filament rayon) and, the warp ordinary untwisted rayon, and the warp is sized with a mixture similar to I that used in setting the twist, the use of expensive humidifying apparatus in weave rooms can be 35 eliminated, then the bobbins and yarn will not be exposed to changes in atmospheric conditions to produce swelling or drying out. My improve- .ment, therefore, consists in employing a binder for the yarn that does not cause it to swell, or soften, and does not permit the bobbin to dry out or shrink, or become damp with humidity changes.

The main object of ;my process is to spin directly onto weaving or shuttle bobbins, but protection is also claimed for twist-setting with the same solutions, if intermediate bobbins are used; the yarn being rewound onto the shuttle bobbins, unless wanted for warp yarn, when it would be made into warp. The twist may beset in two different ways, according to ones choice:-

- a.. Spin the yarn onto weaving or shuttle bobbins, or other carriers and set the twist after the spinning operation, by means of chemicals to be hereinafter mentioned. 55

' b. Prepare the yarn with chemicals to be hereinaiter mentioned. Next, spin the yarn onto weaving bobbins, which are then ready for weaving, without after-treatment. The yarn may also to be heated, it is advisable not to use it, until cool and the chemicals used have had time to set.

The chemicals, which I use to set the twist, I call binders and are waxes, as for example, Japan wax, bees wax, carnauba wax, oils, rosin, resins, stearic acid, or any other similar substances or mixtures of substances capable of setting the twist.

By the term oils is meant the common oils used in textile processing that are well known to textile technologists. These include:-

1. Animal oils, for example, lard, neatsfoot, red oil (oleic acid), tallow.

2. Vegetable oils, for example, olive, cottonseed, castor, rape-seed, peanut.

3. Mineral oils of the grades sold for textile finishing operations.

For the most economical working of the improvement, the materials used for twist-setting should be recovered from the woven cloth for re-use and, therefore, should be soluble in a nonaqueous solvent, although water may be present, such as carbon tetrachloride (CCh), trichlorethylene (CzHCh), alcohol, gasoline, solvent naphtha, xylene, or any other suitable similar solvent now known.

The binders may be applied in one of several ways to the yarn.

First-They may be raised to their melting point and applied to the yarn, after spinning. Thus, using Japan wax, as a binder, it is melted and a small amount applied to the outside of each wound bobbin, either by spraying or brushing. The bobbins are then placed in a chamber heated to the melting point of the wax and the wax allowed to penetrate the yarn. The bobbins, after cooling, are ready for use. Another way is to place the wound bobbins in a warm (melted) binder and centrifuge out the excess in -a centrifuge heated to the melting point of the binder.

Second.The rayon skeins can be impregnated with the binder for instance, by means of a heated centrifuge, so that the yarn, after spin- ,ning to weaving, or shuttle bobbins, will have the twist set without after-treatment. Impregnating the yarn in skein form would be of interest to the rayon manufacturers, as they could sell their rayon, ready for twisting directly to weaving or shuttle bobbins and in addition, by proper treatment, the same yarn could be used for warp yarn without additional sizing. After weaving the cloth, the binders could, for economical working, be recovered for re-use by means .of volatile solvents.

' Third.The yarn couldalso be impregnated with hot wax on perforated packages, or individual threads could be sized with hot binders by drawing through the melted binder.

The binders can be dissolved in volatile solvents, such as are listed above. The yarn is then impregnated with the solution, the excess liquor removed and the yarn dried by evaporation of the solvent, the solvent being recovered for re-use by condensation. Yarn may be prepared, before spinning, with the binder solvent solution and the twisted yarn taken from the spinning frame with the twist set, or the yarn before treatment with the solutions can be spun and the twist set after spinning by treatment with the solutions.

Fourth.Rayon yarn could be treated in the skein form, so that it could be used for twisting and also for warping, without extra sizing.

Fifth-The yarn may be treated on perforated packages, or ordinary packages. As stated, for economical operation, the binders and solvents should be recovered.

For the most economical operation, the binders used should be recovered from the woven cloth by means of solvent extraction and used over again. The solvents used are also recovered and re-used,

Formulas which will work for twist-setting after spinning are as follows:

For 100 denier40 filament rayon spun 50-55 turns to the inch:--

Brush the outside of the wound bobbins with Japan wax heated just above the melting point,

then, keep bobbins in a warm place, heated to The folthe melting point. Cool and weave.

lowing admixture may be used. I

Japan wax 300 grams Carbon tetrachloride 300 cubic centimeters This mixture can be used for impregnating skeins preceding the spinning operations, and, the bobbins can then be taken from the spinning frame with the twist set.

The above formulas illustrate mixtures that are workable. I do not bind myself to use of the above formulas only.

In the case of Celanese" yarns, a solvent must be used that is non-injurious to the Celanese.

By variation in the quantity of the different ingredients used, as binder mixtures, differences in stiffness, elasticity, and stickiness can be imparted to the yarn depending upon the effects one desires to obtain. If the woven cloth is prop erly extracted with solvent, the binders should all be removed. However, 11' traces were not removed, they would be secured out in the finishing process. The use of Japan wax and rosin is recommended. I also claim protection for the use of solvent binder, mixtures, described above, if the rayon is first passedthrough the solution and then spun (so-called wet spinning process), with or without an aftertreatment.

My improvement is materially diflerent from shuttle, or weaving-bobbin, not so much because 76 the textile industry, as sizing, but as twist-setting or setting the twist.

Fourth-Mention is made that the impregnated yarn (sized), is to be rewound onto a carrier. In my improvement, the yarn, is spun directly onto a weaving or shuttle bobbin and does not require rewinding onto another carrier.

Therefore, the patentees could not have had in mind the use of their solutions as twist-setters for twisted yarn spun directly ontoweaving bobbins.

FifthF-The yarn can be prepared in skein form with the sizing mixture, but nothing is mentioned in theUnited States Patent No. 1,742,568, to

Addy, et al., about such use.

What I claim is:-

1. In a method of setting the twist of rayon, wool, real silk, "Celanese, and cotton yarnsand the recovery for re-use by means of volatile solvents of the materials used in setting the twist as well as the recovery of the volatile solvents for the steps comprising twisting the yarns Onto a suitable carrier, then setting the twist with a mixture of oils, waxes and rosin, and recovering from the woven fabric, the oils, waxes and rosin by extraction with volatile solvents' and separating said solvent from the twist-setting medium by distillation.

2. In a method of setting the twist of rayon, wool, real silk, Celanese, and cotton yarns, and the recovery for re-use,by means of volatile solvents of the materials used in setting the-twist as well as the recovery of the volatile solvents comprising, pre-treating the yarn with a mixtureof ,oils, waxes, and rosin, then twisting the yarn onto suitable carriers, and recovering from the woven fabric the oils, waxes and rosin by ex-.

. traction with volatile solvents and separating said solvents from the twist-setting medium by.dis-

tillation. 3. In a method of setting the twist of rayon,

wool, real silk, Celanese", and cotton yarns and the recovery for, re-use by means of volatile solvents of the materials used in setting the twist as well as the recovery of the volatile solvents,

the steps comprising twisting the yarns onto a suitable carrier, then setting the twist with a mixture of oils, waxes, and rosin, constructing a fabric structing a fabric and extracting said-twist setand extracting from said fabric, the oils, waxes and rosin by'extraction with volatile solvents.

4. In a method of setting the twist of rayon, wool, real silk, Celanese, and cotton yarns, and the recovery for re-use by means of volatile g solvents of the materials used in setting the twist as well as the recovery of the volatile solvents comprising, pre -treating the yarn with a mixture of oils, waxes, rosin, then twistingthe yarn onto suitable carriers, constructing a fabric and extracting from said fabric the oils. waxes and rosin by extraction with volatile solvents.

5. In a method of setting the twist of rayon, wool, real silk, Celanese, and cotton yarns and the recovery for re-use by means of volatile solvents of the materials used in setting the twist as well as the-recovery of the volatile solvents, the steps comprising twistingthe yarns onto a suitable carrier, then setting the twist with a twist setting medium soluble in volatile 20 solvents, constructing a fabric and extracting said twist setting medium from the fabric by extraction with volatile solvents. v

6. In a method of setting the twist of rayon, wool, real silk, Celanese", and cotton yarns and 25 the recovery for re-use by means of volatile solvents of the materials used in setting the twist as well as the recovery of the volatile solvents, the steps comprising twisting the yarns onto a suitable carrier, then setting the twist with a 80 twist setting medium soluble in volatile solvents, constructing a fabric and extracting said twist setting medium from, the fabric by extraction with volatile solvents and separating said solvents from' the twist setting medium by distillation.

7. In a method of setting the twist of rayon, wool, real silk, Celanese, and cotton yarns, and the recovery for reuse by means of volatile solvents or the materials used in setting the twist as well as the recovery of the volatile solvents comprising pre-treating the yarn with a twist setting medium soluble in volatile solvents, then wtwisting the. yarn onto suitable carriers, con- '45 ting medium from the fabric by extraction with volatile solvents- 8. In a method of setting the twist of rayon, wool, real silk, Celanese, and cotton yarns, and the recovery for re-use by means of volatile solvents of the materials used in setting the twist as well as the recovery of the volatile solvents comprising pre-treating the yarn with a twist setting medium soluble in volatile solvents, then twisting the yarn onto suitable carriers, constructing afabric and-extracting said twist setting medium from the fabric by extraction, with volatile solvents and separating said solvents from the twist'setting medium by distillation.

JOHN MARSHALL HOOD. 60