US2047908A - Dust collector - Google Patents

Description

y 1936- R. c. NEWHOUSE El AL 2,047,908

DUST COLLECTOR Filed Jan. 5, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 ////IIIIIIII/I//(IIIIIIIIIII IIIIIII/II y 1936- R. c. NEWHOUISE ET AL 2,047,908

DUST COLLECTOR Filed Jan. 5, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented July 14, 1936 PATENT orrlce DUST COLLECTOR Ray 0. Newhouse, Terryl ,B. Montgomery, and Robert F. Feind, Wauwatosa, Wis., assignors to Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing Company, 'Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of Delaware Application January 5, 1933, Serial No. 650,256

14 Claims.

This invention relates in general to a dust collector of the type wherein fabric bags are used tov separate suspended solids from gases, and more particularly to'improved apparatus for al- 'sternately slackening and tensioning'the various bags of a dust collector in a predetermined periodically recurring sequence.

'In the dust collecting art it has heretofore been proposed to shake the bags of a dust collector by means of various mechanical mechanisms, for example, by means of a continuously rotating shaft having a plurality of bag shaking cams thereon and mechanical mechanism for periodically moving a bag shaking member "into and out of the path'of' travel of said cams.

In such systems it is extremely difficult and hazardous to make repairs or adjustments on the various bag shaking units because of the continually rotating cams which cannot .be stopped without shutting down the whole installation Moreover, in such systems it is impossible to readily determine whether or not all of the units are. properly completing their cycle of operations. In bag shakers of the prior art trouble has also been experienced with the mechanism which connects the bags and the cams; often resulting in breakage due to the large impact forces occurring when the bags are suddenly snapped upwardly.

It is an object of the present invention to obviate the above difiiculties by providing a dust collector system in which the various dust collecting units are individually operated by cam shafts driven by electric motors which are automatically started in a predetermined sequence by means of switch mechanism and each stopped after a predetermined number of revolutions so that the bags always remain in their slackened position during the time the motors are at rest.

Another object of the invention is to provide independent of the automatic mechanism A further object of the invention is to provide a dust collector system in which a motor driving a cam-actuated bag shaking unit is periodically started, and thereafter maintained running for a predetermined number of alternate bag slackening and tensioning operations by means of a limit switch which may be adjusted so that the motor driven cam stops at variable positions so as to thereby adjustably predetermine the amount of slack maintained in the bags while the motor is idle.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a bag shaking system in which the shock of the sudden tensioning of the bags is cushioned by means of a spring which is interposed 1 between each bag supporting member and the mechanism which is operatively biased into engagement with the motor driven cam.

These and other objects and advantages are attained by this invention, various novel features of which will be apparent from the description and drawings herein, and will be more particularly pointed out in the claims.

Various illustrative examples of the application of this invention are shown in the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a side view of an improved bag shaking mechanism embodying features of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a dust collecting system embodying features of the invention.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, the bag shaking mechanism comprises a bed plate 10 having a lever .II which is provided with a fulcrum pin I2 journaled in bearings l3 which are mounted on the bed plate in. The right hand end of lever H is provided with a hole having a spherical bearing surface adapted to engage a spherical enlargement on sleeve member M which projects through said hole. A connecting rod [-5 is threaded through sleeve member I4 and is adjustably locked thereto by means of nut 1-6. The lower part of connecting rod I5 slidably extends through guide sleeve I! which is attached to bag supporting frame l8. A cushioning spring 19 is interposed between the sleeve member 11 and nut 21 which is attached to connecting rod 15. A plurality of dust collecting bags 22 are symmetrically attached to frame member 13 by means of bag head members 2.3 and bolt members 24. Lever member H is also provided with a trunnion 25 upon which a saddle block 26 is downwardly biased by means of springs 21 and 28, noting that guide block 29, located between the upper and lower sections of the springs, is provided to prevent bucking of these springs. A spring cap 3| is adjustably held in place by means of lock nuts 32 on tension rod 33 which is connected at its lower 'end to base member ID. A pair of safety rods 34 extends from saddle block 26 slidably through lugs on spring cap 3|v and serves to prevent springs 21 and 28 from flying upward and also serves to hold springs 21 and 28 in compression when such springs are being replaced. The left handend of lever isprovided with a renewable wear plate 35 adapted to be pressed into engagement with cam 36 by means of the above described.v

springs. Cam 36 is keyed or otherwise secured to cam shaft 31 which is journaled in bearings 38 carried by base member I8. I I p Referring now to Fig. 3, the dust collector system comprises a plurality of separate dust collector units 39, 48 and 4|. Each of these units is in communication with a sourc'e of dust laden 25' r tric motor 46 through speed reducer 41, which is air of which conduit 42 is a part. Dust laden air' is carried from conduit 42, when valve 43 is open, through header 44 and upwardly through the various dust collecting'bags 22. The gas filters through the fabric of bags 22 leaving the solid particles behind, which are periodically precipitated into collecting hoppers 45.

Cam shaft 31 is driven at a low speed byelecpreferably of the gear type. An electromagnetically releasable friction brake 48 has its solenoid 49 connected across the terminals of motor 46. The electric motor of each'unit is connectible to conductors |,-52 and 53 of a power line by means of line switch 54 when the operating coil 55 thereof is energized from the'controlbus 56, 51 which is in turn connected to conductors5| and 52 or any other suitable source of power.

Apparatus 58 for periodically initiating the starting of the respective. motors comprises a drum controller 59 adapted to be continuously rotated by means of anelectric motor 6| which is connected theretobymeansof gearing 62, or any suitable ratcheting device. Motor 6| is normally connected to power line 63 through switch' 64 and fuses 65,"noti ng that this power line may be energized from the same source as power line having conductors 5|, 52 and 53,'or from a different power source. A'conductor 66 is normally connected to conductor 5| by means of no-voltage relay 6?. A plurality of contacts including 68, 69, 18' are arranged to be periodically and sequentially bridged by means of a plurality of spaced segments including II, 12 and 13, which are'preferably of the quick acting type in order that circuits may be broken thereby in event of the failure of a limit switch as will be more particularly described hereinafter. Control lines 14,

relay, having its operating coil 82 connected in parallel with operating coil 55, is provided with normally open contacts 83; and a relay, having an operating coil 84' connected across control bus 56, 51 through overload switch 8|, is provided with 0011530585 which is held open as long,

as switch 8| is closed and potential exists on the control bus. A transformer 86, energized from conductors 52 and 53, is arranged to supply current to signal lamp 8'! when contacts 83 are nected across the terminals of motor 46.

The automatic operation of the above described apparatus is as follows. All of the switches and apparatus are shown in the positions correspondingto complete shut-down of the dust collector system, noting that dust laden gas will continue 7 to flow tothe various units unless the blowers (not shown) associated with the source of dust laden gas" are also stopped. In order to start the system, it is necessary to close switch 64, thus starting motor6 and also closing relay 61. With drum controller 59 in the position shown, closure of relay 61 will establish a starting circuit for the motor associatedwith unit 39 from conductor 5| through the contacts of relay 61, contacts 68 and 1|, conductor 14, through stop push buttons 88 and 18' associated with unit 39, through bothoperating coils 55 and 82in parallel, through overload switch 8| to control bus 51 which is, connected to line conductor 52. Energization of operating coil 55 causes line switch 54 to close,

thereby causing motor 46 associated with unit 39 to start rotating in a clockwise direction. After a predetermined number of revolutions of motor 46 cam 92 will close limit switch 9| which thereupon establishes a maintaining-circuit for operating coil 55 which may be traced from control 7 bus 56 through switch 9|, through auxiliary contact 98, through stop buttons 88 and 18, through operating coil 55, and through overload switch 8| to control bus 51. It is thus to be noted that q the continued rotation of'drum controller 59 so that contact breaks engagement'with contacts 68 will not stop the motor 46 inasmuch as. theabove described maintaining circuit is independent of the aforedescribed starting circuit.

Simultaneous with the energization of motor 4'6 solenoid 49 will release brake 48 and solenoid 95 will operate to, stop the flow of dust laden as from conduit 42 to header 44. V

The energization of the relay having operating coil 82 simultaneously with the energization of operating coil will close contacts 83, thereby lighting lamp 81 to give a visual indication that motor 46 of unit 39 is in operation. After cam shaft 31 has rotated through a portion of a revolution the shouldersof cams 36 will move out of engagement with the corresponding wear-plates 35, thus permitting springs 2'! and 28 to suddenly rotate levers in a counter-clockwise direction,

thereby snapping bags 22 in an upward direction. Due to inertia the bag supporting frame l8 will move a greater distance than the actual travel of the right hand end of lever H and upon return of the frame .|8 the shock of the rebound will'be absorbed by cushioning spring. l9 which will thereupon act. to impart a secondary shaking motion to the suspended bags 22. v 1 'Aftera predeterminednurnber of bag shaking operations. as above described cam 92 will have rotated into such'a position that switch 9| will snap open, thereby breaking the maintaining circuit for line switch 54.. Thedeenergization of motor 48 will immediately'cause the application of brake 48 and the opening of valve 43 by means of spring .94. Theopeningof valve 43 again startsv the dust of the operation of the system. Gain 92 is of such a shape that switch 91 be opened in timed relation with respect to the position. of cams 36 so that when the motor 45' comes to rest, the lobes of cams 35 will hold the bags 22 in their slachened position. It has been found that the bags intheir slackened position often lengthen and form loops which constrict the flow of dust laden gas therethrcu h, and to obviate this limit switch 91 is constructed so that it may be caused to open in adjustable relation with respect to the position of cams. 36 so that the motor may be stopped in such a position that the cams 36 will not have actuated the bags 22 to their completely slankened position. For example, the amount of slack in the bags can be adjusted by adjusting the angular position of cam 92 with respect to the cam shaft 31.

, The continued rotation of drum controller 59 causes segment 12 to bridge contacts 59, thereby establi-shinga starting circuit for the motor associated with unit 40 through conductor 15. The energization of conductor 1-5 from. line conductor 51 through relay 6!, and contacts 69 and 72 through operating 55 oi the line switch 54 associated with motor 46 of unit 4-8 initiates a cycle of operations which is exactly the same as that above described, and need not, therefore,

befurther described. It is to be noted, however, that contact segment 12 on drum controller 59 may be so spaced withrespect to contact segment H that. the second unit will be started either slightly before or slightly after the first unit.

completed its cycle of operations.

A further rotation of drum controller 59 will cause contact segment 13 to bridge contacts Hi, thereby establishing a starting circuit through conductor 16 and operating coil 55 of the line switch associated with unit M and so on for the other units of the system which, for the sake of simplicity, have not been showm. It is to be understood that a. complete dust'collector system will usuallvcomprise more units than herein illustrated and that the various units will be arranged throughout the structure which system in such a manner that there will be a plurality of units in various parts of the structure operating at all times and in overlapping sequence. 7

.I-f an overload should occur in any one of the above described motors thermal overload switch 8i will open, thereby stopping the corresponding 7 motor and preventing the re-starting of the same until the trouble has been ascertained. The opening of overload switch 81 deenergizes operating coil 84, thereby causing contacts 85 to close, which thereupon close the circuit to signal lamp 88 and an-nunciator 89 which immediately warn the operator that a motor has stopped for some abnormal reason. a 7

Any one of the above described units may be manually started and stopped in a number at difi-erent ways. For example, if it is desired to make repairs or adjustments on any unit push button 18 located in the vicinity of that may be opened and in this position it is impossible for the drum controller tostart the motor and it is also impossible for an operator at the switch board panel to start that particular motor by means of push button 7-9. However, it is possible for the repair man to inch the bag shaker mechanism to any desired position by means of push button 11 provided stop button l8 or 80 is opened. noting thatii stop buttons 18 and 88 are both closed it is possible to initiate the starting of the motor associated therewith by means of either pnshbutton 11 or 19, in which event the stopping will be under the control of limit switch 91 in the usual fashion. It is thus seenv that it is possible to manually control the starting and stopping of any one of the units either from a remote control or from a point adjacent the motor by means of manually controlled push buttons independent of the automatic operation normally initiated by the continually rotating drum controller 59..

If .it desired to completely shut down the system,'switch 54 will be opened causes relay 61 to drop, noting, however, that any unit then in operation continue its cycle of operacome to rest with the bags in their slackened position. If it were not for relay 61 the stopping of drum controller 59 on an active contact. position would cause one or more of the units to continue their shaking operation indefinitely.

It to be understood that the invention claimed herein is not limited to the exact details of construction herein illustrated, for obvious modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in'the art. without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A dust collector comprising in combination, a source of dust laden gas, a dust collecting unit having at least one vertically disposed bag arranged to receive dust laden gas from said source, means for alternately slackening and tensioning said bag comprising an electric motor, a cam driven by said motor and also comprising mechanism for operatively connecting said cam with said bag, switch mechanism for periodically initiating the starting of said motor, and means driven in accordance with the rotation oi said cam for keeping said motor running until said cam has wmpleted a predetermined number of revolutions, said last means including mechanism for stopping said motor in such a position that said cam and said mechanism associated therewith maintain said bag in its slackened condition while said motor isat rest.

2. A dust collector comprising in combination, a source of dust laden gas, a dust collecting unit having at least one vertically disposed bag arranged to receive dust laden gas from said source, means for alternately slackening and tensioning said bag commising an electric motor, a cam driven by said motor and bag suspending mechanism operable by said cam, switch mechanism for periodically the starting of said motor, and switch means actuated by the rotation of said cam for keeping said motor running until said cam has rotated a predetermined number of revolutions, said switch means including mechanism adjustable to cause said cam to stop at various positions relative to said bag suspending mechanism so as to thereby adjustably predetermine the slack in said bag during the time said motor is idle- 3- A dust collector comprising in combination, a source of dust laden gas, a dust collecting unit having at least one vertically disposed bag arranged to receive dust laden gas from said source,

7 means for alternately slackening and tensioning for periodically initiating the starting of. said motor, and switch means actuated by the rotation of said cam for keeping said motor running until said cam has 'rotateda predetermined number of revolutions, said switch means including mechanism adjustableto stop said motor in timed relation to the position of said cam so as to thereby adjustably predetermine the amount of slack maintained in said bagv while said motor is idle.

4. A dust collecting system comprising in combination; a source of dust laden gas,.a plurality of dust collecting units each having 'a plurality of vertically disposed bags arranged 'to receive dust laden gas from said source, a-valve for each unit operable to' stop the flow of dust laden gas to the unit associated therewith, each unit having, meansrfor periodically'shaking the bags thereof,

said shaking means comprising an individual electric motor and a cam shaft driven thereby said line switches sequentially and periodically, said switch mechanism comprising a continually rotating controller operable to sequentially and periodically establish control circuits for said line switches, each unit having a control switch actuated upon the rotation of said motors respec tively to maintain the respective control circuits bination, a source of dust laden gas, a plurality of dust collecting units each havinga plurality.

line, switch mechanism operable to automaticallyclose said line switches sequentially and periodically, said switchmechanism comprising a continually rotating controller' operable to sequentially and periodically establish control circuits for said line switches, each unit having a control switch actuated upon the rotation of said motors respectively to maintain the respective control circuits established by said controller and to interrupt said control circuits respectively aftersaid respective cam shafts have rotated a predetermined number of revolutions, and a solenoid,

for each unit connected so as to be energized simultaneously with the closure of said line switches to-close said valves respectively.

'6. A dust collecting system comprising in combination, a source of dust laden gas, a plurality of dust collecting units each having a'plurality of vertically disposed bags arranged to receive dust laden gas from said source, a valve for each unit operable to stop the fiow'of dust laden gas to the unit associated therewith, means for-alternately slackening and snapping upwardly the bags of each unit comprising a separate electric motor and camshaft for each unit, a power line, a plurality of line switches each operable to connect anddisconnect one of said electric motors to j and from said-power line, switch mechanism 5. A dust collecting system comprising incomclosure and opening thereof by said controller means-driven from sai-dcam shaft for maintaining the respective control circuits established by said master switch and for interrupting said control circuits respectively :after a predetermined number of revolutions of the respective cam shafts, and electromagnetic'means responsive to the energization of said motors respectively for closing the valves associated therewith. 7. A dust collecting system comprising in com bination, asource of dust'laden gas, a plurality of; 1 dust collectingunitseach.having a plurality of vertically disposed bags arranged to receive dust laden gas from said source, 'a valve for each unit operable to stop the flow of dust laden gas to the unit associated therewith, each unit having means ,2

for periodically shaking the'bag's thereof, said shaking means comprising an individual electric motor and a cam shaftdriven thereby for each unit, a power line, a plurality of line switches each operable to connect and disconnect one of said 25 motors to and from said power line, switchmechanism operable to automatically close said line switches sequentially and periodically, said switch mechanism comprising a continually rotating controller operabletosequentially and periodically establish control circuits for said line switches, each unit having a control switch actuated upon the rotation of, said motors respec-'- tively to maintain the respective controlcircuits establishedby said controller and to interrupt said control circuits respectively after said're spective cam shaftshave rotated a predetermined number of revolutions, and manually operable switches selectively operable to close and open any one of said line switches independent of the and said control switch. j V V v 8. A dust collector comprising in combination, a source of dust laden gas, a plurality of dust collecting units each having a plurality of vertically disposed bags arranged to receive dust laden gas from said source, a valve for each unit operable to'st'op the flow of dust laden'gas to the unit associated therewith, each unit having means for alternately slackening and suddenly te'nsioning the bags thereof, said means comprising an in-' dividual electric motor, a cam shaft driven thereby and also comprising a resilient connection between said cams and saidbags, switch mechanism for periodically c'ausing'said motors to start and stop in a predetermined sequence, and means for closing the valves associated with the respective units while the motor associated therewith is running. V

9. A dust collector comprising in combination, 6 a source of dust laden gas, a plurality of dust col; lecting units each having a plurality of vertically disposed bags arranged to receive dust laden gas from said source, a valve for each unit operable to stop the flow of dust laden gas to the unit asso- 6 ciated therewithyeach unit having 'means for I alternately slackening and suddenly tensioning the bags thereof, said means comprising a plua rality of c'amsand an electric motor drivingly connected with said cams and also comprising a plurality of springs for resiliently cushioning the sudden tensioning of said bags, and means for periodically starting and stopping said motors in a predetermined sequence;

10. A dust collector comprisingin combination,

a source of dust laden gas, a plurality of dust collecting units each having at least one bag supporting member with a plurality of vertically dis- I posed bags attached thereto and arranged to receive dust laden gas from said source, each unit having at least one lever, means for resiliently connecting said bag supporting member to one end of said lever, a rotatable cam arranged to actuate the other end of said lever, spring means arranged to bias said other end of said lever into engagement with said cam, whereby said spring means is operable to periodically snap said bag supporting member upwardly during the rotation of said cam.

11. A dust collector, comprising in combination, a plurality of dust collecting units each having a plurality of vertically disposed bags arranged to receive dust laden gas, a lever associated with the bags of each unit and having one end resiliently connected thereto, means for so resiliently biasing each lever as to tension its associated bags, a rotatable cam associated with each lever and arranged to alternately move said lever against said biasing means to slacken said bags and release said biasing means to permit sudden tensioning of said bags, and means for periodically rotating each cam to actuate its associated lever.

12. A dust collector, comprising in combination, a dust collecting bag arranged to receive dust laden gas, a bag supporting member attached to said bag, resilient means disposed to support said bag supporting member, and a bag shaking device including a motor driven cam and a spring arranged to exert an impact upon said bag supporting member through said resilient means to snap said member upward to tension said bag, said resilient means functioning to prevent excessive dynamic forces occurring in said bag shaking device when said bag is suddenly tensioned.

13. A dust collector, comprising a plurality of groups of dust collecting bags, means associated with each of said groups of bags for shaking the bags to clean them, an electric motor connected to each of said bag group shaking means to drive it, an electrical control system connected to said motors of said bag group shaking means and arranged to actuate them automatically in continually recurring sequence to clean each of said bag groups periodically, means associated with each of said motors for disconnecting it from said control system automatically upon the occurrence of abnormal conditions of operation, and means for indicating at a distance the functioning of said automatic disconnecting means preventing operation of its associated bag group shaking means in sequence.

14. A dust collector, comprising a plurality of groups of dust collecting bags, means associated with each of said groups of bags for shaking the bags to clean them, an electric motor operatively connected to each of said bag group shaking means, an electrical control system connected to i said motors and arranged to initiate the operation of said motors automatically in continually recurring sequence, means actuated by each motor arranged to maintain said motor in operation until its associated bag shaking means has completed a predetermined cycle, and means for regulating said maintaining means to cause it to stop said bag shaking means with the bags in selected predetermined position.

RAY C. NEWHOUSE. ROBERT F. FEIND. TERRYL B. MONTGOMERY.

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