US2046329A - Calculating machine - Google Patents

Description

July 7, 1936.

A. KOTTMANN CALCULATING MACHINE Original Filed June 1,1934 5 Sheets-Sheet l EEIEIBEIEHEEIEI July 7, 1936. KOTTMANN 2,046,329

' CALCULATING MACHINE Original Filed June 1, i954 5 Sheets-Sheet2 lgwl/enfor'k il-Mm July 7, 1936. A. KOTTMANN 2,046,329

CALCULATING MACHINE Original Filed June 1, 1934 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Jab ziw

July 7, 1936. A. KOTTMANN 0 ,3

CALCULATING MACHINE Original Filed June 1, 1934 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 July 3 A. KOTTMANN 2,046,329

CALCULATING upcnmn 0ri gina.l Filed June 1, '1954 5 sheets sheet 5 metres. m 7, 1936 v UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE 2.00.829 cswnm'mrd moms August Kottmann, Sommerda, Gcman'y, assignor to Bheinische Metallwaarenund Maschinenfabrik, Dusseldorf, Germany, a corporation of G original application has 1, 1934, Serial No.

728,603. Divided and this application March 5, 1935, Serial No. 9,510. In Germany June 6, 1933 6 Claims. (01. iii-4:)

adapted to be set thereby relatively to the printing line of a platen or paper roller, the present application being a division of applicant's co-pending application, Serial No. 728,- 603,-flledJune 1, 1934.

An object of the present invention is to provide a uniform non-impactive printing pressure to the type bars which shall be independent of the effort applied to-the keys or other operating devices of the machine.

Another object of the present invention is to provide printing contact between the paper on the platen and the type bars by converting kinetic energy of moving weights into gradual pressure against the type i The invention will be described with reference tothe accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows the calculating machine according to the invention, the cover plates and accumulator being removed.

.Fig. 2 is a plan of the setting gear, with the setting members.

Fig. 3 is a.view, from below, showing the ratchet gear for the setting member carriage.

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the members for actuating the ratchet gear.

Fig. 5 shows the actuating device for the return stroke of the carriage.

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal; section through the entire machine, with the parts 'in the initial position.

Fig. 7 shows the arrangement of an actuating rac Fig. 8 is a view corresponding to Fig. 6 and shows the position of the parts when the operating handle is drawn forward, shortly before the printing of a calculated value.

Fig. 9 shows the .change in position of the parts of the printing, mechanism after the im: pression.

' Fig. 10 represents details of the printing Fig. 11 is a side elevation of the drive for the control of the accumulator.

Fig. 12 shows the accumulator, with its control members in position after being coupled, to the actuating members.

Fig. 13 is a side elevation showing the parts in their positions for addition.

Fig. 4 is the frontelevation of a detail of a contr ;member. v a

-The numerical values to be introduced into the machine are introduced in known manner,

by means of the keys I (Figs. 1 and 6), key levers la. and intermediate levers 2, into the' setting pins 3 of the carriage '4. The settin pins thus raised serve as stops for racks forming the setting members 3|, which are mounted in guide notches of the carriage 4, and, in being set, actuate at the same time indicating wheels 30 which are also mounted on said carriage. The number of setting members 3! is the same as that 0! the rows of setting pins I. When any of the keys is struck, the corresponding key lever la depresses a lever i0 (Figs. 6

and 8) which by means of 9. lug 35 releases a 15 pawl .34 engaging the corresponding setting member ll. Said member 3|, which was previously retained in the neutral position by the pawl 34, is then tree to be actuated by a spring '32 (Fig. 2) and moves towards the left (Figs.

4 and is mounted on, arplate 95 of the machine frame, the carriage 4 is moved to the left (Figs. 1, 2) to an extent corresponding to the spacing of two adjacent rows of setting pins by the action of a spring M (Fig. 2) each time a key is struck, so that the rows of setting pins pass in succession over the ends of the intermediate levers 2 and the pawls 34 pass in succession over the lug 35 on the lever I0.

I The ratchet mechanism is actuated by the lever Ill (Fig. 6) arranged below the key levers is (Fig. 6). When any of the keys I is struck, the corresponding key lever is depresses the lever III, which in turn depresses the arm Ila of a lever ll (Fig. 4) andthus turns the lever ll about the pivot ilb. A presser bar It which in turn rocks a pawl 8 is articulated at I2 to the lever II. The pawl 8 actuates the two ratchet pawls 6, I in the desired manner.

The carriage 4 is returned to its original posi tion when, to effect an addition or asubtraction, the handle I5 is rocked forwardly and backwardly. The movement of the handle i5 is transmitted, by intermediate members l6, l1, l8 (Figs. 1 and 13), a shaft 45a, 9. one-armed lever il (Figs; 1- and 5), and a thrust bar 20, to a thrust pawl 23. The bar 20 has an arm 20a (Fig. '5) by which it is guided in a member 2| mounted in the base of the machine. The thrust pawl 23 actionofaspring ",sgainstastopflonthe thrustbar. Aslongasthehandleliisin normal position, the thrust pawl 23 is-held in the position shown in dotted lines-in Rig. because the'arm 23a of the pawl 23 bearsagainst apin 23b on the machine frame. When the handle is moved forwardly the bar 20 is moved to the right (Fig. 5) whereby as the arm 23a of the pawl 22 is retracted from the pin 23b, the pawl passes into the position shown in full lines in Fig. 5. when the handle it is returned to normal position and the bar 20 with pawl 22 moves to the left in Fig. 5, the pawl 23 encounters an arm a. on a driver lever 22 (F188. 1, 2, 5) pivoting on a pin 27 and having an arm with a forked end 28b engaging a pin 22 on the carriage l. The rocking movement of the lever 26 forces the carriage 4 back into the original position (Fig. 1), while, at the same time, the pins 3, set at the beginning of the operation, are forced back into their original position, sliding under a member 2| provided with a bevel. Shortly before the handle II returns to its initial position the am 230 of the pawl 23 again en'- counters the pin 22b on the machine frame whereby the pawl is restored to the. position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5. If anew number is now set up in the carriage l and the latter moves from its normal position, the arm 26a of the lever 26 can move freely over the pawl 23.- The return of the setting members II will be described later.

Driving or on racks 31 (lflgs. 1, 6, '1,

and 8') on which are riveted secondary racks 38,

are provided in the same number and displaceable in the same direction and to the same extent as the setting members 3| in a frame 36 (Pig. 1) mounted in the frame of the machine. Secured on the transmission racks II are coupling members ll (Figs. 1, 6, 7, 8) which are adapted to turn on pivot pins 82', and are swung by springs -ll (Fig.7) inthedirectionofamembcrll (Figs. 6 and 8) on a frame 42 carrying anaccumulator ill, said frame being disposed above the racks 37 and pivotally mounted on a shaft 44. The accumulator ill can be raised and lowered by turning, the accumulator fram'eabout the shaft M and thus brought into or out of engagement with the racks ll by means of the intermediate pinions ll. The accumulator I0] is raised and lowered by means of a curved member 48 (Figs. 11 and 12) mounted on a shaft which is actuated through intermediate members- 92, 93, as (Fig. 1) by'a shaft "a, which also effects the return movement of the carriage l and is actuated in-turn by the handle it. When the forward movement of the handle it and of members ll into engagement with the teeth of the setting members or control racks 3! (Fig. 8). Together with the curved member 4! a positive movement is imparted to a riveted hook-ll) (Figs. 11, 12) which ages behind a pin II provided on the accumulator frame and thus retains the accumulator in the coupled position (Fig. 12).

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.to the curved member 40 and under the tension of a spring '2, so that during the return of the handle into its original position, the guide roller 41 runs back over the upper surface of the curved member and is able to swing the accumul'ator back into neutral position by suitably disposed springs (not shown).

Consequently, during the forward movement of the handle I, the accumulator is brought into engagement with the racks 38, and is disengaged during the return movement. Similarly during the forward movement of the handle, the transmission racks fl, 3| are coupled with the setting member Ii the coupling members 40 actuated by the accumulator'frame 42 through the member 42, the i=:' in the return movement.

when the handle II is moved forward, a driver bar 85 (Figs. 1,12,}, 8,- 11) is advanced the distance corresponding to the numerical value "9 by connectinfi'ods 21, I! (Figs. 11, 13). By this means all the setting members 3| previously setinaccordancewiththeitemstobeadded, w

are returned to the zero position. Thereby the ton;racks 21 coupled to the setting members 2i byflithe coupling members 4. are moved through a distance to the amount set. Excessive movement is prevented byalimitlngbar I. (Figs. 8 and 8), which is mounted in the carriage 4 transversely in the front of the each of the setting members 3i and stops the latter from being moved beyond the Assoonasthehandle llhasreachedtheend 'of its forward stroke the accumulator IOI comes out of t with the on racks ll, 22 as'already described and the settingmembers Share uncoupled from the on racks, said members and the numerical control rollersflbeingthusagainsettonero.

lathe returnstroke of thehandle II and driver bar ll into the original position, the latter encounters hooked projections llc (Figs. 6R1, 8) of the racks "and pushes the latter back into Excessive movement is preventedby a limiting bar ll (Figs. 6, '7, 8) mountedintheframell transverselyacrossthe ends of the racks 81 which prevents them from being moved beyond the original position. Consequently. the movement of the.on racksQLfliswhollyposiiivenospringsbeing employed therefor.

Whenthesettingmembersareinthe position corresponding to the numerical value 9" the) driver II is closely engagedbctwemtheopposingsurfacesdthehooksllcandsetting members 3!. when said members are set for the value "0" the driver can reciprocate between thetwosurfaces toan extentcorrespondingtow the value 9" without displacing the racks I] or the members II. when the member II is setinaccordancewiflithevalue 3"the-driver tidescribesatfirstatthebeginningofboththe forward and return strokes, an idle movement corresponding tothe value 8"and thenpushes 11w theaidoftwostops (hoakllczsettingfl driver '85 are connected by means of longitudinal slots 81a, 88a (Figs. 11 and 13) with the arm I8 and the curved member 48 of the shaft 45a and 45. Consequently, at the beginning of the forward and return strokes, the handle I describes a certain movement during which the driver 85 is not moved. During this movement, the accumulator IIII is brought respectively into and out of engagement and the setting member coupled with or uncoupled from,

' the driving racks. These operations therefore,

proceed with the driver 85 at rest.

Intermediate pinions 49 (Figs. 6, 8) are in engagement with the transmission racks 31. The

upper portions of the toothed rims of these intermediate pinions 49 are on. a level with the gear teeth of the racks 38 riveted on the trans.-

mission racks 31. .The accumulator IIII is laterally displaceable to a slight extent. When it is pushed towards the right; the intermediate 'pinionsj 89 of. the accumulator engage with on a shaft 88, parallel with the axis of the the racks 38 and when the acBumulator is pushed towards the left, they engage with the intermediate pinions 48 of the gear driving the accumul ator.- In the former case, .the action is one of addition, and in the lattercase one of subtraction. The rear ends of the lower edges of the transmission racks 31 are provided-with gear teeth 31a (Figs. 6, '7, 8) which are engaged by the toothed sectors 54, these latter,'in turn, carrying on arms 54a typecarriers 55 of the printing mechanism. In proportion as the racks 31 are moved by, the setting members 3I with which theyare coupled the type carriers are also raised, in a positive manner, so that, in accordance with the setting of the racks and type carriers, the values transferred into the,

counting mechanism can be printed on a strip of paper clipped on to a platen 88 (Fig. 8).

The impression mechanism of the printing device (Figs. 1, 6, 8, .9, )'consists of a number of press pawls 51, corresponding to the number of orders in the accumulator, said pawls being adjacentlydisposed on a shaft 88 fixed in a frame 80" (Figs. 6, 8, 10) adapted to swing platen. The movement of these press pawls 51 about the shaft 58 in the direction of the platen is restricted by a bar 6I (Fig. 9), against which the projections 81a of the pawls 51 bear. Pressure levers 83 ca ying weights 83a are allotted to the pawls 51, and are controlled by springs 84, but are normally held in a neutral position by locking pawls 85 (Figs. 6 and 8). In addition a loc'r ng bar 1I common to all the pressure levers mounted in the frame of the machine and engages in notches in the levers 83, being released just before the printing operation by devices which will be described later.

The locking pawls 88 form part of the zeroprinting device and coact with releasing pawls 81. the number of which is the same as that of transmission racks 31. When the corresponding transmission racks are in neutral position, the tip 81a of each releasing pawl 81 engages in a recess 31b of the transmission rack (Fig. 6). As soon as the transmission rack leaves its original position, its portion passes under the tip of the pawl, thereby turning the pawls 81 and 85 and effecting the release of the pressure lever 83 (Fig. 8). On their right side, the pawls 81 are provided with pins- 88, while the left sides are provided with lugs 83 of such dimensions that, in each case, the pin 88 of each pawl lies under the lug of the next lower, adjacent pawl, so that if any pawl be raised by its allotted transmission rack all the pawls lying to the right of a it in Fig. 1 will also be raised whereas, the pawls on the left will remain in the locked position. In printing a value containing a smaller number of figures than there are orders inthe printing mechanism, the pawls 85, 81 prevent the impression of 0s in front of the first numeral of the multi-numeral value to be printed,

whereas zeros inside the row of numerals are printed.

During the forward movement of the handle I5, the frame 88, ,with the press pawls 51, is swung, by means of the shaft 45a, shaft 45; curved member 48, drawbar 13 (Figs. 1 and 11) and the arm 18, towards the platen 58,- in such a manner that the press pawls 51 bear against the back of the type carriers 55 and bring the latter so close to the platen 58 that the type characters almost touch the paper, whereas the pressure levers 83 are held at first in their origino.1 position in relation to the frame of the machine by the bar 1I. During the swinging of the frame 80, tension is applied to th springs 840i the pressure levers 83, which sp ings are attached at one end to the cross bar 8I of the frame 80. Shortly before the handle I5 reaches 'the end of its forward stroke, a striker pin 15 (Fig. 13), which is arranged'on the leverarm I8, connected to the handle, comes into contact with a surface 18 on a two-armed lever 11 and deflects the latter in such. a manner that its second arm moves a pivotal release member 18 (Figs. 13, 14). The arm 18a of the member 18, which turnson two pivots 19 and 88, moves a pin 1Ia on the bar 1I when said member is deflected and swings the bar 1I out of the locking position. A roller '8I, arranged on an angular bend of the same arm 18a influences a rocking member 82 (Fig. 13) so that'the latter forces a straight-edge 12 (Figs. 13, 6, 8) into the toothed sector 54 (Fig. 8); These last described members are relatively arranged so that, in the first place, the straight-edge 12 engages in the tooth gaps of the sector 54, after which the arm 7 18a comes in contact with the pin 1Ia. and effects the release of the spring-controlled pressure lever 83. The forward movement of the release member 18, brings a locking pawl 84 (Fig. 13) controlled by a spring 83, into position behind the arm 18b, and locks the release member until the handle moved back again.

' At the moment th locking bar H is being re. leased, the springs 84 swing the pressure levers 83 on the shaft 59 and impart a high velocity to the weights 83a. (Fig. 9). The bent surfaces 82 of the levers 83 then slide downwards on the rear surfaces 51b of the press pawls 51 and. transforming the kinetic energy of the weights 83a and levers 83 into pressure, press the pawls 51 and-type carriers 55, slowly but forcibly, against the surface of the paper so that the impression on the paper is produced less by impact than by uniform pressure.

The thrust bar 20, moved by the handle I5 and actuating return mechanism of the car- 78 riage oi the setting members, carries a'pin' 8t 1 (Fig. 13) which, at the beginning of the return"- stroke oi the handle it, lifts the curved arm a, of the locking pawl 84 and thus trees the locking of the release member 18, by which means the straight-edge I2, obeying the pull of a spring 12a (Fig. 8) detaches itself from the teeth 01' the sector, and the locking bar 1| is released again. During the further return movement of the handle it, the driver 85 actuatedthereby pushes the transmission racks back into, the original position as already described thus returning the type carriers into their original position.

The frame 60 carrying the printing mechanism is also swung back during the return of enabled by spring tension to engage in the notches in' the pressure levers.

The return of the pawls 65 into locking position is rendered'possible through the return of the, allotted driving racks into neutral position so that the'release or control pawls 61 are able to drop into the recesses llb provided in the same, thereby enabling the pawls 65 to move into the locking position.

The invention has been described herein as applied to a ten key calculating machine, but it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to application to this particular machine nor to those of similar type, and may be employed in any calculating machine with settable type bars to which the printing force is applied when they tions.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a calculating machine having ordinal actuators and a platen, printing mechanism comprising for each ordinal place a type bar settable relatively to theprinting line of the platen in accordance with the travel of the associated actuator, a press pawl movable during the -setting" oi the type bar into a' positionbearing on the back of the type bar and adapted to hold the operating face of the latter close to the platen,

a movable weight in which energy is stored during the movement of the press pawl, and means movable by said weight over the press pawl for converting the kinetic energy of the weight into pressure applied through said press pawl graduallytosaid typebarduring printing. g

2. Ina calculating machine having ordinal actuators and a platen, printing mechanism comprising for each ordinal place a typebar normally spaced from the platen, means for setting said typebar relatively to the printing line '0! the platen in accordance with the travel oi. the

associated actuator, a'press pawl operable during the setting of the type bar to swing the latter close to the platen, a movable weight in which energy is stored during the movement of the press pawl, and means movable 'by said weight over the press pawl for converting the kinetic energy of the weight into pressure applied through said press pawl gradually to said type bar during printing.

are in-selected printing posi-- 3.121 a calculating machine'having actuators and a'platen, printing comprising for each ordinal place a type bar normally spaced from the platen, means ior setting said type bar relatively to the printing 5' line of the platen in accordance with the travel of the associated actuatona press pawl operable -duringthesettingoi'thetypebartoswingthe ,latter close to the platen, a movable weight in which energy is stored during the movement of comprising ordinal type bars normally spaced from the platen, means for setting said type bars relatively to the printing line of the platen in accordance with the travel of the associated actuators, means for causing the .type bars to approach close to the platen at the beginningof a printing operation, a movable weight assigned to each type bar, means including a spring attached to said weight and tensloned during said approach movement of the associated type bar, a locking bar arranged to retain the weight .while the spring. is being tensioned, speed-reduce ing force-increasing means- 0 tive between said weight and the type bar, and means {or releasing the weight to complete the movement of the associated type bar towards'the platen. 5 5.'In a key set handle operated calculating machine having ordinal actuators and a platen, printing mechanism comprising ordinal type bars normally 'spaced from the platen, means for setting said type bars relatively to the printing line of the platen in accordance with the travel of the associated actuators, press pawls operable during the first part of the movement of the handle to swing the type bars close to the platen, I a movableweight assigned to each type bar, means including a spring attached to said weight and tensioned during the said swing of the associated type bar, alocking bararranged toretain the weight while the spring is being tensioned, speed-reducing force-increasing means operative between the weights and the press pawls, connections between the handle and the locking bar for releasing the weights to complete the movement 0! thejtype bars towards the platen, and means operable during the second part of the operation of the handle to restore said press pawls and weights to normal position.

6. In a printing a'platema type bar, means for causing the type bar to approach close to the platen at the beginning of printing, means including a flyweight and a spring cooperating therewith ior storing potential energyand converting it into kinetic energy, a speedreducing force-increasing device arranged betweenv said flyweight andthe type bar, and means operative after said approach movement of the type bar to complete its printing movement under the action of said flyweight and device. g

' AUGUST KO'ITMANN.

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