US2045692A - Gas burner - Google Patents

Description

June 30 E936. w. A. BECKETT- GAS BURNER Filed Aug. 7, 1955 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. MY/iam flust z'rz Beckett BY W ATTORNEYS.

June 36 19336. w. A. BECI-(ETT GAS BURNER 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 7, 1955 I l I I'm 1 I NVENT OR. Mfi'fam 42/5252: Beckett ATTORNEY 5.

w. A.. BECKETT 2,645,692

June 3Q, 193$.

GAS BURNER 7 Filed Aug. 7, 1953 3 Shgets-Sheet 5 a0 M r1 6 K4 m zz WW 4 w v A /6 c- Z I o o g 519- w INVENTOR.

MY/fam A ustz'rz Bee/re [*6 ATTORNEYS.

Patented June 30, 1936 ilNiTED STATES PATENT OFFICE Canada, assignor, by direct and mesne assignments, to F. K.Jasperson", Windsor, Ontario,

Canada Application August 7, 1933, Serial No. 683,969 ,20 Claims. (Cl. 158-99) My invention relates to improvements in gas burners adapted to employ either natural or manufactured gas and arranged and constructed to accomplish substantially complete combustion of the gas with the maximum efliciency upon the minimum use of fuel.

An important object of my invention is the provision of a gas burner which achieves a high degree of efliciency and produces substantially complete combustion free from the collection of deposit.

Another object is the provision of a gas burner which is so constructed that the proper supply of air is available at the point of maximum efficiency for completely burning the gas, thereby permitting an economical saving in fuel.

Another object is the provision of a gas burner which creates an intensely heated draft of air and utilizes this heated air to raise the temperature of 430 objects brought into contact therewith.

Another object is the provision of a gas burner having means for thoroughly mixing the gas fuel with the air in a novel manner in order to insure complete combustion.

Another object is the provision of a gas burner which is adapted to heat the fuel almost to the point of spontaneous combustion prior to delivery to the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber is arranged v in proximity to compartw ments through which the fuel mixture is conducted and the heat of combustion is transmitted to the interior of these compartments to raise the temperature of the fuel mixture as it is conducted therethrough to a high temperature, g V

Another object is to provide a gas burner'which utilizes a portion of the fuel mixture to automatically induce a determined desired quantity of air to enter the combustion chamber.

A further object is to provide a gas burner of 44) such a construction that a large current of air is induced to pass therethrough in close proximity to the walls of the burner and the flames of combustion and is emittedrtherefrorn in an intensely heated condition.

45 Another important object is to provide a gas burner which realizes an economical saving in fuel by producing a current of intensely heated air which in conjunction with the heat of the fuel combustion is utilized for heating the surrounding 50 objects to a high degree of temperature.

An important feature of my improved burner is that I provide a manifold adjacent the combustion chamber for preheating a fuel mixture, in combination with means for directing a portion 55 of the heated fuel mixture to a point outside of the manifold and into the combustion chamber so arranged as to create a suction for drawing into the combustion chamber a draft of additional air. In the specific embodiment of my invention illustrated in Figures 1 to 5, a meritorious char- 5 'acteristic is the provision of a preheating mani- 'fold chamber into which fuel mixed with primary air is admitted and superposing which are a pinrality of spaced apart subsidiary superheating chambers into which preheated fuel mixture is 10 discharged from the manifold and from which it is emitted above the top wall of the manifold into and for emitting a current of heated air along with the flames of combustion to increase the heat' of objects affected thereby.

' Other important features and advantages of my invention will appear from the following description, appended claims, and accompanying drawings wherein:

Figure 1 is a front elevation, partly broken away, of a gas burner illustrating one embodiment of my invention.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the gas burner along line 22 of Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the gas burner along line 3-3 of Figure 1,

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the burner along line 44 in Figure 2,

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the burner along line 5--5 in Figure 2,

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the burner along line 6-6 in Figure 2,

Figure 7 is a fragmentary View of the top of my improved heating manifold chamber, and

Figure 8 is a fragmentary View of the underside of a deflector showing the formation of the subsidiary heating chambers.

One embodiment of my gas burner illustrated in the drawings comprises in its disassembled condition several metal elements which when assembled together cooperate with one another to form passageways, heating chambers, combustion chambers, and baffles. In Fig. l I have shown the gas burner partially broken away at different levels to indicate its sectional character. The right hand portion of Fig. 1 illustrates a front elevation of the outermost element of the gas from chamber burner. The extreme left portion of Fig. 1 is an interior view of the base element. Between these two illustrations is an interior View of an element of the gas burner which is on a level intermediate the base and the outermost element of the gas burner. As is clearly indicated in Figure 2 the gas burner proper comprises essentially three elements. The element In forms the base portion ofv the burner and is constructed with a conduit l2 through which gaseous fuel maybe 1 conducted. The middle element 14 bridges a portion of the element I E! and forms between the two a chamber I6. Positioned above the element I4 is the third or top element 18. The latter element is spaced from the middle element by downwardly extending Walls 28 which form separate spaced apart subsidiary chambers on top of the chamber [6. Bolts 22 and nuts 24 at spaced'in tervals are adapted to hold the three elements together.

A conduit 26 conducts the gaseous fuel from any source and a port 28 emits the gas into the conduit l2. The conduit l2 has an inlet 30 which exceeds the size of the delivery port 28 and through which is adapted to pass air drawn in from the outside. This air inlet will be designated as the primary air inlet in order todistinguish it from a second air inlet to be described hereinafter. A valve 32 adjustable axially along the screw threaded exterior 34 of the conduit 26 varies the amount of air supplied in accordance with its position.

The gaseous fuel mixed with air introduced through inlet 36 is delivered by the conduit I2 to the aforementioned preheating chamber [6. The element 14 has protrusions 36 and 38 for engaging with portions of the element Ill constituting .the sides of. the chamber 16 in order to firmly secure the two together. A plurality of spaced discharge orifices48 as indicated in Figures 1, 3, and 4 are formed in the element l4 and permit the discharge of gases through the top of the chamber l6. Surrounding each of these discharge orifices are the walls 20 of element [8 which form subsidiary preheating chambers (one surrounding each aperture 40) into which the gas is conducted before it is ejected into the combustion chamber space. Arranged angularly along the base portion of the walls 20 of these subsidiary chambers as clearly indicated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and '7, are discharge apertures 42 which direct the gases emitted therethrough from the subsidiary chambers into the spaces 44 between such chambers forwardly and upwardly across the top of the preheating chamber l6. Between the spaced subsidiary chambers formed by the walls 20 are the combustion chamber spaces 44. As is clearly indicated in Figure 1, the gases are discharged from the apertures 42 directly into the combustion spaces 44. The top of the preheating chamber l6 which is formed by a part of element 18 forms the base portion of the combustion spaces 44 and the walls 20 of the subsidiary preheating chambers form the side walls of the combustion spaces 44. The heat of combustion is readily transmitted to the interior of these chambers to raise the temperature of the gases prior to their combustion.

A channel 46, best shown in Figures 2 and 6, forms a by-pass for diverting a portion of the gas 15. Apertures 48 direct the bypassed fuel from these chambers 46 into the combustion spaces 44 as indicated by the arrows in Figures 1 and 6. A plurality of these by-passes are formed at spaced intervals to direct a portion of the gas between the spaced subsidiary chambers into the combustion spaces 44. A secondary air inlet indicated in Figures 2, 6, and '7 as extends along the top of the element l0 and adjacent the by-pass apertures 48. It is clearly apparent that the by-passed gas emitted from apertures 48 sucks or draws in air through the secondary air inlet 50 and creates a current of.

air passing through the combusion chambers and Y on out through the top of the burner as shown by the arrows in Figure 6.

The element 18 is provided with a hook engaging member 52 which is engageable with a flange 54 of a removable baflie 56. flames of combustion and the current of air drawn in through the secondary air inlet against the wall of any compartment to be heated, such as the furnace wall 58 shown in Figure 2. The grate 60 may be used for supporting the gas burner within the furnace.

The operation of the gas burner is readily apparent from the drawings. The cold gaseous fuel is injected into conduit l2 sucking in primary air which mixes with the fuel. main preheating chamber [6 the fuel is gradually heated. Part of the fuel passes through the orifices 40 into the subsidiary heating chambers formed by the walls 20 of element I8 where it is further increased in heat. mixture of air and fuel drawn through the preheating chamber and subsidiary heating chambers is superheated to a high degree before it is discharged into the combustion spaces 44. The

other part of the fuel in chamber I6 is by-passed to a point in proximity to a secondary air inlet.

The streams of ignited gaseous fuel emitted from the by-pass apertures 48 create a suction which siphons air through the secondary air inlet 5 into the combustion space and on out through the other side of the gas burner. This secondary ,air' not only insures complete combustion of the gases thereby increasing the heating capacity of the gas burner but it is also emitted from the burner in a heated condition to aid the heat and flames of combustion in raising the temperature of the furnace wall. Moreover, the draft of air through the burner forces the flames of combustion to greater heights enabling a larger area of the furnace wall to be heated.

This draft of air which is caused to pass through the burner apparatus and become intensely heated thereby is an important provision of this invention. The air after passage through the apparatus is in a highly heated condition and along with the flames of combustion impinges upon the surrounding walls of the furnace heating them and maintaining at a high temperature.

,This arrangement provides for an economical 1. A gas burner comprising, in combination, a F

mixing and preheating chamber provided with a gas fuel inlet and primary air inlet, a plurality of spaced discharge orifices in the top of said preheating chamber, a subsidiary preheating chamber positioned above and around each of said The baflle directs the A On arrival in the It is obvious that the streams discharge orifices, discharge apertures in the sides of said subsidiary preheating chambers for directing the gas fuel across the top of the mixing and preheating chamber to a combustion space between the subsidiary preheating chambers, a secondary air inlet extending along the top of said mixing and preheating chamber rearwardly of said subsidiary preheating chambers, means for diverting a portion of the gas fuel in the mixing and preheating chamber to a point in the secondary air inlet and there directing the fuel between the subsidiary preheating chambers into the combustion space to draw in additional air through said secondary air inlet.

2. A gas burner comprising, in combination, a relatively large chamber provided with a gas fuel inlet and a primary air inlet and a plurality of relatively smaller chambers mounted on the larger chamber, each of said smaller chambers having communication with the larger to receive a fuel mixture therefrom, said smaller chambers having discharge apertures arranged to direct jets of fuel laterally from the sides of the smaller chambers into the spaces between the same, the side walls between each pair of said smaller chambers and the top wall of the larger chamber between said smaller chambers forming a combustion zone in which the jets of fuel are ignited, and a by-pass for conducting a portion of the combustible fuel in the larger chamber to a point slightly offset to each combustion zone and arranged so as to direct a jet of ignited fuel into the combustion zone between said smaller chambers, said last mentioned jet adapted to draw air into the combustion zone.

3. A gas burner comprising, in combination, a relatively large preheating chamber into which is received combustible gas mixed with primary air, a plurality of smaller superheating chambers mounted on a wall of said larger chamber and having communication with the latter to receive 'fuel mixtures therefrom, a cover portion extending between said superheating chambers spaced from said wall of the larger chamber so as to form in conjunction with the sides of the superheating chambers a plurality of partially en-. closed combustion spaces opened at the opposite ends thereof, in which the combustion of the fuel takes place, said superheating chambers providedwith discharge apertures arranged to direct jets of ignited fuel into said combustion spaces between the superheating chambers and on out one of the open ends of each of said combustion spaces, and a plurality of by-passes each adapted to conduct fuel from the larger preheating chamber to the other open end of each of the combustion spaces and arranged to discharge of ignited fuel into the combustion spaces'to pass on out the other end thereof with the ignited fuel from the superheating chambers,

wherebysaid streams of by-passed fuel syphon secondary air into and through the combustion spaces to aid in the combustion of the gas and to pass on out of the combustion spaces with the flames of combustion to aid in the heating.

4. A gas burner comprising, in combination, a

relatively large fuel chamber and a plurality of the larger chambers and directing the by-passed fuel in ignited condition into the spaces between said chambers so as to induce drafts of air to enter with the by-passed fuel into. the spaces between said smaller chambers.

'5. A gas burner comprising, in combination, a manifold having a fuel and primary air inlet, a plurality of superheating chambers mounted spacedly along one wall of said manifold and having communication with said manifold to receive fuel mixtures therefrom, a baffle wall extending over said spaces between each of said superheating chamber and forming in conjunction with the spaced superheating chambers and the wall of the manifold opened ended passageways extending across the wall of the manifold, said superheating chambers provided with discharge apertures arranged to direct jets of ignited fuel therefrom into the passages between the superheating chambers and thence out an open end of each of the passages, the other opened end of each of said passages forming a secondary air intake through which secondary air is syphoned during the combustion of the fuel in'said passages.

6. 'A gas burner comprising, in combination, a manifold having a fuel and primary air inlet, a plurality of super-heating chambers mounted spacedly along one wall of said manifold and having communication with said manifold to receive fuel mixtures therefrom, a bafiie wall extending over said spaces between each of said superheating chamber and forming in conjunction with the spaced superheating chambers and the'wall of the manifold opened ended passage- Ways extending across the wall of the manifold, said superheating chambers provided with discharge apertures arranged to direct jets of ignited fuel therefrom into the passages between the superheating chambers and thence out an open end of each of the passages, the other opened end of each of said passages forming a secondary air intake through which secondary air is syphoned duringthe combustion of the fuel in said passages, and a plurality of by-pass conduits adapted to withdraw a portion of the fuel mixture delivered to said manifold and direct it in an ignited condition through each of said secondary intakes to induce additional quantities of secondary air to enter the passages.

7. A-gas burner comprising, in combination, a manifold adapted to receive fuel and primary air, aseries of chambers mounted in spaced relationship on a wall of said manifold and having comopened at opposite ends, each of said chambers provided with fuel discharge orifices arranged to direct streams of ignited fuel angularly into said partially enclosed spaces and on out one of the open ends thereof, the other opened end of each of the partially enclosed spaces forming a secondary air intake through Whichsecondary air is induced to enter by the heat and flames of combustion passing out the other end of each of said spaces.

8. A gas burner comprising, in combination, a manifold adapted to receive fuel and primary air, a series of chambers mounted in spaced relationship on a wall of said manifold and having communication therewith to receive fuel mixtures therefrom, a baffle wall spaced from said wall of the manifold and extending between each of said chambers to form in conjunction therewith partially enclosed zones between said chambers and opened at opposite ends, each of said chambers provided with fuel discharge orifices arranged to direct streams of ignited fuel angularly into said partially enclosed spaces and on out one of the open ends thereof, the other opened end of each of the partially enclosed spaces forming a secondary air intake through which secondary air is induced to enter by the heat and flames of combustion passing out the other end of each of said spaces, and a by-pass associated with each of said secondary air intakes adapted to withdraw a portion of the fuel mixture, and direct it in ignited condition through the secondary air intake to syphon additional air therethrough.

9. In a gas heating apparatus, a manifold adapted to receive fuel mixtures, a plurality of chambers mounted on a Wall of said manifold in spaced relationship to one another and joined at the upper portions to form a series of passages therebetween extending across the wall of the manifold, said chambers provided with an inlet to receive fuel mixtures from said manifold and discharge outlets arranged to direct streams of ignited fuel into said passages and on out one end of each of said passages, the other end of said passages forming an air intake through which air is syphoned by the combustion of the fuel in the passages and the subsequent exit of the ignited fuel through the other end of the passage.

10. A gas burner comprising, in combination, a preheating mixing chamber provided with a gas fuel inlet and a plurality of spaced discharge outlets, subsidiary superheating chambers mounted about said discharge outlets, discharge apertures in said superheating chambers for directing the heated fuel in ignited condition laterally over the outside wall of the preheating chamber into combustion zones superimposing the wall of said preheating chamber and arranged between the spaced superheating chambers, said discharge apertures arranged to direct the flames and heat of combustion in a given direction through the combustion zones, secondary air inlets leading into said combustion zones between said superheating chambers, and means for by-passing a portion of the fuel to a point in alignment with said air inlets to discharge the by-passed fuel through the inlets between the superheating chambers and thence into the combustion zones to induce additional air to enter into the combustion zone through said air inlets.

11. A gas burner comprising a manifold provided with a primary gas and fuel intake, a combustion chamber arranged in proximity to said manifold to heat the same and provided with a plurality of spaced apart superheating chambers arranged therein and dividing the combustion chamber into a plurality of combustion spaces, each superheating chamber communicating with the manifold toreceive fuel and air therefrom and with the adjacent combustion space in the combustion chamber to discharge fuel and air thereinto.

12. A burner comprising, in combination, a main chamber, a plurality of smaller chambers mounted thereon and provided with discharge ports arranged to project the streams of fuel issuing therefrom laterally across the top of said main chamber and toward one another, and a cover plate extending over said orifices and forming with the main chamber and the smaller chambers thereon a plurality of combustion zones between each of the smaller chambers.

13. A burner including, in combination, a manifold having a plurality of discharge orifices in a wall thereof arranged to direct jets of ignited fuel across and closely adjacent said wall from which they issue to preheat the fuel in said manifold, and a member secured to said manifold spacedly above said orifices and forming with said wall of the manifold a combustion zone from which the flames of combustion issue.

14. A burner including, in combination, a manifold having a plurality of discharge ports arranged to direct jets of ignited fuel laterally across a wall of said manifold and toward one another, and a member secured to said manifold and extending spacedly from said orifices to form in conjunction with the wall of the manifold a partially enclosed area from which flames of combustion issue.

15. A gas burner comprising, in combination, an elongated chamber provided with a gas fuel inlet and a primary air inlet, a plurality of spaced subsidiary chambers mounted along the top of said elongated chamber and having communication with the same to receive mixed fuel and air therefrom, said subsidiary chambersi' provided with discharge apertures directing the fuel mixture therefrom into combustion spaces between said spaced subsidiary chambers and across the top of said elongated chamber, a plurality of bypasses for diverting a portion of the fuel mixture to points in alignment with said combustion spaces and arranged to discharge the fuel into the combustion spaces, and secondary air inlets adjacent the discharge, ports of said by-passes through which secondary air is drawn by the action of the by-passed fuel.

16. A burner including, in combination, a manifold having a discharge orifice in a wall thereof, a plate secured to said manifold having a wall formation extending from one side thereof and forming a complete enclosure surrounding said orifice when the plate is secured to the manifold, said wall formation provided with apertures in the sides thereof to direct the gaseous fuel received within the enclosure from the manifold laterally over said wall of the manifold.

17. A gas burner comprising, a manifold provided with a fuel intake, a combustion chamber superimposing said manifold to heat the same, a superheating chamber superimposing the manifold and communicating therewith and with the combustion chamber to receive fuel from the manifold and direct the same through the superheating'chamber into said combustion chamber, said combustion chamber and manifold having one wall in common, said combustion chamber and superheating chamber having a wall in common, said manifold having a fuel outlet discharging directly into the combustion chamber, said combustion chamber having an air intake adjacent the fuel' outlet discharging directly thereinto. 1- {f=!i 18. A gas heating apparatus comprising, in combination, a preheating chamber having a fuel inlet, a plurality of spaced superheating chambers mounted on said preheating chamber each having communication with the interior of the preheating chamber to receive fuel therefrom, said superheating chambers being spaced apart providing combustion spaces therebetween, said combustion spaces provided with air intakes, each superheating chamber provided with fuel discharge outlets arranged to deliver jets of ignited fuel therefrom in an angular direction into the combustion spaces between the superheating chambers so as to cause the flames of combustion to pass over a Wall of said preheating chamber and out of the apparatus in one general direction, and means for diverting a portion of the combustible fuel in said preheating chamber into the spaces between the superheating chamber and inducing additional air to enter the combustion spaces through the air intakes.

19. A gas heating apparatus comprising, in combination, a preheating chamber provided with a gas fuel inlet and a primary air inlet, a plurality of superheating chambers superposing said preheating chamber and having communication with the interior of said preheating chamber to receive fuel therefrom, said superheating chambers being spaced apart providing combustion spaces therebetween, said superheating chambers provided with fuel discharge apertures arranged to deliver fuel therefrom in ignited condition into said combustion spaces and across a Wall of the preheating chamber, fuel conducting means for directing a portion of the fuel in said preheating chamber to one side of said superheating chambers and directing it in ignited condition into the combustion spaces between the spaced superheating chambers so as to induce a draft of secondary air to enter said combustion spaces, said combustion spaces provided with an air intake arranged to admit secondary air thereinto over said fuel conducting means.

20. A gas burner including, in combination, a wall having a series of fuel discharge orifices arranged in spaced relationship therealong, means for delivering fuel to said orifices for discharge therefrom, each of said orifices arranged to direct a stream of ignited fuel substantially parallel with the surface of said wall and into the spaces between the orifices, the ignited fuel issuing from each orifice merging with that issuing 20 from the adjacent orifice in the space between the orifices.

WILLIAM AUSTIN BECKETT.

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