US2044855A - Gun sight - Google Patents

Description

JUG-xl DH ilUU B3-257. mm 7,0449855 5R June Z3, 1936, c. G. LUNDGREN 2,044,855

GUN SIGHT Filed March 14, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet l ucm ml muuu uuu uil-vuil. IML/HL. INU I HUHHLII lOu 5 .Fume 23, 1936. c. G. LUNDGREN GUN SIGHT Filed March 14, 1932 2 sheets-sheet 2 W jefain` ATTORNEY.

ULUIVIL l HIL'L INU l llUIlII-H IUI Patented June 23, 1.936

UNITED STATES UI bil PATENT OFFICE GUN SIGHT Carl G. Lundgren, Detroit, Mich.

Application March 14, 1932, Serial No. 598,563

4 Claims.

This invention relates to gun sights for ries, machine guns or small cannon, and the principal feature and object of the invention resides in the provision of a device of this character which may be adjusted to compensate for cross Wind, head or tail wind variations or variations from a normal temperature, barometric pressure or density of air or for varying heights above sea level at which the gun is used.

Another object of the invention resides in the provision of a gun sight which may be adjusted for the direction or strength of the Wind or density of the air and which is so constructed that no further adjustment is necessary except for distance unless there is a decided change in temperature, barometric pressure or in the direction or strength of the wind.

Another object of the invention resides in the provision of a gun sight which is provided with a slide for setting the gun at its proper elevation for different distances and which is further provided with a windage adjustment for compensating for the force of a cross wind, the two adjustments being so arranged as to permit the slide to be set for different distances without necessitating a change of the windage adjustment.

Another object of the invention resides in the provision of a gun sight which is provided with an adjustment for compensating for the differences in weather conditions such as temperature, barometric pressure or heights above sea level.

Another object of the invention resides in the provision of a gun sight which may be quickly adjusted to re at different distances by merely changing the yardage or distance adjustment thereby permitting more rapid firing of the gun at different ranges or distances and which will provide for more accurate firing of the gun.

Another object of the invention resides in the provision of a gun sight whereby head or tail wind is compensated for by the same adjustment as used for weather conditions.

Another object of the invention resides in the provision of a gun sight in which the weather adjustment compensating means may be set to compensate for the wear of the barrel of machine guns or small cannon.

A still further object of the invention resides in the novel means for quickly and easily releasing the adjusting sight to permit firing at different ranges and which will automatically lock the sight in position when released.

These objects and the several novel features of the invention are hereinafter more fully described and claimed and the preferred form of construction by which these objects are attained is shown in the accompanying drawings in which- Fig.` 1 is a top plan view of my improved gun sight.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation view thereof.

Fig. 3 is a rear elevation view.

Fig. 4 is a section taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a section taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a rear elevational view of a modified form of construction.

Fig. '7 is a side View thereof.

Fig. 8 is a section taken on line 8-8 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 9 is a section taken on line 9-9 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a section taken on line IIl-I 0 of Fig. 6.

Referring to the drawings, the base I is provided With a tongue 2 for engaging a groove on the upper surface of a gun barrel (not shown). The base I is approximately U-shaped in cross section and comprises the side walls 3 and 4 and the bottom or base 5. A pin 6 extends between the side walls 3 and 4 and is preferably pressed therein. The rear edges of the side walls 3 and 4 are formed on an arc struck from the axis of the pin 6 and are provided with the graduations I for a purpose to be hereinafter described. The member 8 is positioned between the side walls 3 and 4 and the rear edge thereof coincides with the rear edge of the side walls 3 and 4 and is provided with the graduations 9, more clearly shown in Fig. 3. The forward edge of the sight leaf I5 is provided with the worm gear segment ID which meshes with the Worm I I formed in the shaft I2, the same being operable by rotation of the knob or wheel I3 secured to the shaft I2 by the pin I4. The sight leaf I5 is approximately U-shaped in cross section and the base thereof is rotatably mounted on the vertically extending pin I6 which pin is secured in position by the Din 6.

The rear edge of the base of the leaf I5 is formed with the tongue I'I struck on an arc from the vertical axis of the pin I6 and engages the groove I8 formed in the member 8. The worm gear segment I0 is also struck on an arc from the vertical axis of the pin I6 and it will thus be seen by turning the knob or handle I3 that the leaf I5 will be rotated about the vertical axis of the pin I6 to thereby compensate for the velocity of the cross wind existing at the time of ring of the gun. The rear edge of the member 8 is threaded to receive the screw I9, the same having a ball end 20 which rests on the upper face of the base 5 and is normally held thereagainst by means of the leaf spring 2|. It will thus be seen that by rotating the screw I 9 that the member 8 and the leaf sight I5 will be rotated about the axis of the pin 6 to compensate for change in temperature, barometric pressure or head or tail winds. As shown in Fig. 3, each graduation 'I is positioned to correct for certain degree or degrees change in temperature or certain change in barometric pressure or certain change in velocity of head or tail wind. It will be understood, of course, that various changes in the graduations may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. A spring 22 is interposed between the member I and the member 8 which also tends to hold the ball end 20 in engagement with the base 5. The upper edges of the sides of the leaf I5 slope upwardly from the front toward the rear and each is provided with a rib 23.

The slide 24 is provided with the grooves 25 which engage the ribs 23 and is further provided with the plate 26 in which the peep sight 21 is positioned. A rod 28 extends through the slide 24 and one end has secured thereto the member 3D which abuts the spring 3| positioned in the enlarged aperture 32. The opposite end of the rod 28 has the member 33 secured thereto, the same carrying the pin 34 which engages in any one of a plurality of recesses 35 formed in the vertical face of one of the ribs 23 to lock the slide in any desired position. It will be noted that by pressing the member 30 against the spring 3| that the pin 34 will be disengaged from the aperture 35 in which it is engaged and will permit the slide to be moved to permit the gun to be red at different ranges indicated by the graduations 36 formed on the sight leaf I5. The upper face of the base of the leaf I5 is provided with a graduation 31 which may be brought to registration with any one of the graduations 38 formed on the member 8 to compensate for different velocitiesl of cross winds. It will thus be noted that when the leaf I 5 is moved to compensate for a certain cross .wind that the gun may be red at different ranges without the necessity of resetting the leaf I5 for cross wind. This is due to the fact that the peep sight 21 will be moved away from the longitudinal center line through the base I as the range increases thereby compensating for the drift of the bullet due to the cross wind. It will be further noted that changes in temperature or changes in barometric pressure may be compensated forby. adjusting the screw I9 without affecting the windage or range setting.

According to the publication No. 1917 issued by the Unitedy States War Department, entitled Description and Rules for the Management of the 11T.v S. Riile, Caliber .30, Model of 1917; change in temperature, heights above sea level, barometric'changes or head winds cause a considerable drop from normal of a bullet when red at a target. Various tables have been computed for compensating for these change of condition but are hardly practical when firing at a target under field conditions and further although the ordinary army rie is equipped with a windage and a range adjustment, nevertheless, for every change of range at which a gun is red a corresponding change in the windage adjustment must be made to compensate for cross wind. With my improved sight, however, when the amount of cross wind is determined and the windage adjustment made for the number of miles of cross winds no further adjustment is necessary no matter what range is being used until there is change in velocity or direction of the cross wind.

It will thus be seen that in the case of an advance where the distance of a target is continuously changed that with my improved sight far more accurate firing will be maintained as only a single and instant adjustment is necessary, 5 namely, the range adjustment while with the ordinary rifle now in use both windage and range adjustments must be continuously made depending upon the distance of the target from the gun and the windage adjustment calculated. It will l0 be further seen that by using the adjustment for weather conditions which when set compensates for changes in temperature, barometric changes, heights above sea level or head winds that when once the distance of the target is l5 known that the slide may be set on one of the graduations denoting the exact yardage from the target and will, when the sight is properly held on the target, permit the gun to be red with extreme accuracy.

Referring now to Figs. 6 to 10 inclusive I have shown a modified form of construction which comprises the base having the upstanding side walls 5I and 52 between which the U-shaped member 53 is positioned and pivotally secured thereto 25 by the pins 54. 'I'he forward edge of the member 53 is formed with the toothed segment 55 which is locked in position by the spring 55 having the portion 51 engaging the teeth 55. 'I'he side wall 5I is marked with the graduation 58 which may 30 be brought to alignment with one of the graduations 59 formed on the side face of the leg of the [LJ-shaped member 53.

The member 53 is provided with the vertically extending portion or plate 60 and thesame is provided with an opening 6I having the arcuate portion 62 at the lower end thereof. A member 63 is provided with an arcuate end 64 whichis rotatably mounted in the arcuate portion 62 and is provided with an elongated slot 54 which is engaged by one end of the cylindrical member 55 pressed in the horizontal slide 66 the same being slidably mounted in the groove 5l formed in the vertical slide 68. A peep sight 59 is formed in the cylindrical member and aligns with the horizontal opening 'I0 formed in the vertical slide 68. 'Ihe vertical slide 68 is provided with the guides 'II which engage the edges of the vertically extending portion 68. One face of the portion 5U adjacent the edge thereof is formed with the teeth or rack 'I2 which are engaged by the teeth of the gear 13, the same being provided with the squared aperture 'I4 in which is slidably positioned the squared portion 15 of the shaft IB slidably and rotatably positioned in the hole 'I'I formed in the member 68. One end of the shaft 'l5 has the collar 'I8 suitably secured thereto and abuts one end of the spring 19. The opposite end of the shaft 'I5 has the knob or wheel 85 secured thereto by means of the pin 8l. A pin 82 is preferably pressed in one face of the knob 85 and extendsV into one of the apertures 83 arranged in a circle and formed in the adjacent face of the member 58.

It will thus be noted that by pulling the knob 65 in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 8 that the pin 82 will be disengaged from the aperture 83 in which it engages and will permit the knob and the gear 'I3 to be rotated and will raise or lower the slide 58 to permit the gun to be red 70 at the desired range indicated by the graduations 84 formed on the periphery of the knob 8U. When the vertical slide 68 has been adjusted to the desired range upon releasing the knob 8U the spring `I9 will move the shaft 'I6 to the left as shown in 75 "J t viIIl-ll lug Fig. 8, and the pin 82 will engage in one of the apertures 83 with which it is aligned thereby locking the vertical slide 68 in position. The upper edge of the vertical portion 60 is provided with the toothed segment 85 struck from an arc, the center of which is the axis of rotation of the portion 64. A latch 86 having the finger grip 81 is normally pressed into engagement with one of the teeth of the segment 85 by means of the spring 88. The rear face of the portion 60 is graduated at 90 to represent the number of miles per hour of cross wind and the member 8B is provided with the pointer 9| so that the member 63 and the peep sight 69 may be properly set to compensate for the velocity of cross wind.

It will thus be noted that when the peep 69 has been set for the prevailing cross wind that when the vertical slide 68 is raised or lowered to permit the gun to be red at different distances that the peep slide 69 will be moved respectively away or toward the vertical center line through the sight thereby permitting the gun to be fired at different ranges without manually changing of the windage adjustment. The graduations 58 and 59 are similar to the graduations l and 9 and permit the sight to be set to compensate for changes in temperature, barometric pressure, heights above sea level or head winds. When the sight is laid completely iiat by depressing the spring 56 to release the sight, the sight hole 92 may be used for very close range and which is commonly known as battle sight.

From the foregoing description it becomes evident that I have provided a gun sight which, when set for the prevailing cross wind, will automatically compensate for the horizontal deflection of a bullet due to the cross wind for different distances at which the gun is red and is further provided with means to compensate for head winds change in temperature, change in air pressure or heights above sea level, and that the windage adjustment is so arranged relative to the range adjustment whereby the same will maintain their adjustable relationship when the weather adjustment means is operated, and further that the device is simple in operation and so constructed as to permit instantaneous adjustment of the various adjusting means and will attain all the objects heretofore set up.

Having thus fully described my invention, its utility and mode of operation, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is- 1. In a gun sight, a base, a member pivotally supported by the base to turn on a horizontal axis, a sight leaf pivotally supported on the said member to turn on a vertical axis, a slide having a peep sight therein slidably supported on the sight leaf, said sight leaf having an upwardly inclined surface whereby the peep sight is raised or lowered as the slide is moved in one direction or another on the inclined surface, means between OUCH (Jil i'iUUi the base and member for moving the pivotally supported member about its horizontal pivot, and means interconnecting the member and leaf for moving the sight leaf and slide about the vertical pivot, the two pivotal axes being normal to each 5 other.

2. In a gun sight, a sight, a sight leaf having a surface inclined relative to the longitudinal axis of the gun, the sight being mounted on the leaf for movement along the inclined surface to vary l0 the elevation position of the sight in a direction toward or from the longitudinal axis of the gun, means for adjusting the sight leaf about a horizontal axis transversely of the longitudinal axis of the gun to compensate for head wind and l5 weather conditions, and means for adjusting the sight leaf about a transverse axis at a right angle to the said first named axis to compensate for a predetermined cross wind, the horizontal axis of the sight leaf passing through the transverse axis 20 at any point of adjustment whereby the cross wind adjustment and the head wind and weather condition adjustments are automatically correct for the target distance, said sight being movable longitudinally of the leaf from an elevation cor- 25 responding to the maximum range of the gun to blank position.

3. In a gun sight, a base, a member pivotally secured thereto to swing on an axis extending horizontally and transversely of the longitudi- 30 nal axis of the gun, a sight leaf carried by the member and turnable on an axis substantially coplanar with and at a right angle to the axis of said member to compensate for cross wind, a slide movable on the sight leaf, a peep sight carried by 35 the slide, means for moving the slide on the sight leaf, said sight leaf having a guide way for the slide inclined to the longitudinal axis of the gun and extending forwardly and upwardly from the pivotal axis of the member to enable the peep sight to be moved from maximum range to point blank position.

4. In a gun sight, a base, a member pivotally secured thereto to swing on a horizontal axis transversely of the longitudinal axis of the gun, a 45 sight leaf carried by the member and turnable on a transverse axis at a right angle to the axis of the member, the axis of the sight leaf passing through the said axis of the member, a slide movable on the sight leaf, and a peep sight carried by the slide, the sight leaf'and slide being so arranged that movement of the slide thereon in one direction or the other varies the elevation of the peep sight in respect to the longitudinal axis of the gun, the axis of the sight leaf being between the ends thereof and the slide being movable thereon to occupy a position on either side of the horizontal axis of the sight leaf and permitting the slide to be moved to position the peep sight in point blank range.

60 CARL G. LUNDGREN.

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