US2044653A - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

1936- w. L. WETTLAUFER I 2,044,653

7 CRUSHER Filed Jan. 1:5, 1954 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 16, 1936; w L' E F R 2,044,653

CRUSHER Filed Jan. 15, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 e 16, 1936. .w. 1.. WETTLAUFER 2 CRUSHER Filed Jan. 15, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented June 16, 1936 i UNITED STATES 7 censure wim-1mm. Wettlaufer, enamel-N. Y., assignor to -1Tr1eW.-S. Tyler Company,-Cleveland, Ohio, a

corporation of Ohio ,ApplicaticnJanuary 13, 1934, Serial No. 706,512

' Claims. Cl.83-53) This; invention relates to certain \new and useful improvements in machines for-1 crushing stone andlike materials.

One' of its-objects is the provision of acrusher 5 of economical design and rugged construction, and which is capable of a large capacity and affords a maximum ratio ofrreduction.

Another objecto-f the invention is to provide an efiicientcrushing apparatus whichiseso designed and constructedasto produce a double-crushing actioniand wherein thetwo' crushing steps-arose related as tooperate-in' different phasesof positionof the actuating means.

:A further object is :the provision of crushing l5 jaws or elements which, :while producing an effective crushingeaction, permit a continuous flow of material between them and prevent choking or clogging ofthe machine.

Aesti-ll further object ofthe invention is to provide-a safety release mechanism. of simpleconstruction. and positive operation which automatically functions 'to. .release :the crushing jaws should non-crushable material enter the machine, and whichirelea'se efiectuallyprevents-damaging or. breakage. of the machine-parts and ,whichmay be readily reset without. shutting-down theccrush- Eff and without added 1 expense vfor broken parts;

- Other" features of the invention reside :in the construction and. arrangement of parts hereinafter described and; particularly pointed out in the appended claims. 7 Y a .In the accompanying drawings Figure -.1. is a perspective View, of. a crusher embodyingmy invention, Figure .-2, is ail-enlarged vertical longitudinalsection thereof. Figure, 3 ,is

a-icrossi-section taken on line' 3- 3,;Figure 2. .Figure 4 is a;fragmentarygperspectiveview of:v ED0111- tionzof thesafety release mechanism. Figurefiis a diagrammatic faceview illustrating the double crushing action of "my invention. ,Figure '6 is a fragmentary isection-alnview of the means employedior shutting-off the flow, of material t0:th crusher simultaneously with the .release of the safety mechanism, Figure "7 isaa fragmentary longitudinal-section, similar to Figure 2,. showing awmodificationof the-invention; Figure 8 is a cross section thereof taken; on line S-ehsliligure 7. Similar characters of referenceLindicatecorre sponding partsrthroughoutthe several views.

The supporting: frame or base: .of the: machine which-carries. the: working parts of; the crusher may: be. of any suitable construction, that shown intthefiirawingaby way 'oiaexarnpla-consisting :of vertical ,side walls a or splates t0 held in a spaced relationizzbyyanysuitable-imeansi ,Disposedybetween these .side plates are opposing relatively movable crushing jaws or elements .H and 12, respectively, which are soqarranged as to form-a substantially vertically-extending crushing-throat Iii-between them,- the-upper end of this throat 5 constituting the inlet for the material to be crushed and thelower end of=the throat constituting the discharge ..for the crushed material. Intermediate the ,inlet and outletiends .of .this throat, the material undergoes .-a primary and 10 secondary crushing action. The crushing (element I2 is relativelymovable.to ioring itscrushing faceinto and out of operative crushingrelation to the opposing .-.face of the fixed crushing element. 15

The relatively stationary crushing element I I is preferably =so mounted that it may ,be readily adjustable to'vary the size of the crushing throat l3to thereby predetermine the size of the produce undergoing crushing and forthis purpose 20 theupper end of said cr'ushingelement is pivoted to a cross rodl4 supported at its ends in the side plates [-0, while cooperating withitslower end is an adjusting screw l5 mounted on a supporting member or wall 1|,6- disposedbetweenthe adjoin- 25 ing ends of the side plates. By turningthis-screw in one;direction ,orthe other the crushingelement H .is correspondingly moved toward .or from-the companioucrusher element. 3 If desired, a spring I l 'may beTemployed-for urging the jaw 30 toward the abutting endof the adjusting screw. Theecrushing element I I- has adjoining upper and lower crushing faces l'l and 18, respectively, which are preferably disposed in intersecting planes, ,the-upperor primary crushing face J 35 sloping downwardly'and inwardly toward theiace of thecompan-ion crushingzelement l2 and the lower or secondary-"crushing,face sloping downwardly andaoutwardly, as shown in Fi ures -2 and5.' p, 0

The. relatively, movable crushingelement I 2..has adj oining upper and lower crushing faces P l Sand 20;. opposingthecorresponding faces of the com panioncrusherelement H, such faces .being preferably disposed in approximately the shape of a 4,5 V and substantially convex in contour, This movable crushing element is-so-mountedand actuated as; to have:a tilting orrocking movement in. :a vertical :plane, whereby duringa; portion of suchrocking movement its crush-ingtace- I9 moves 50 toward the opposing crushing. face i! and its crushing face 20 simultaneously imoves :away from .the opposing .crushingface- I8 to effect a primary crushin'g action at the upper sector Of the: crushing throat l 3 andi a releasingaaction at '55 the lower sector of such throat to effect the discharge of the crushed material. During the remaining portion of the rocking cycle, the lower crushing face 20 moves toward the companion face of the fixed crushing element to effect a secondary or final crushing of the material to the predetermined size desired, while the upper crushing face I9 moves away from the companion crushing face I1 to permit a continuous downward feed of the material through the crushing throat. To accomplish this dual crushing action, the crushing element I2 is preferably disposed or supported intermediate its inner and outer ends between anti-friction members which may be in the form of rollers 2| journaled on a transverse rod 22 disposed between the side plates l0 and which bear against, the opposing top and bottom edges or faces of the crushing element in the manner shown in Figures 2 and 5. It will be noted that the top and bottom faces of this crushing element converge outwardly and compression springs 23 are provided at the opposite sides of the crushing element I2 for urging the same outwardly against the rollers 22. As shown in Figure 1, the springs are disposed horizontally between brackets 24 and 25 secured to the sides of the movable crushing element and to the outer faces of the side plates l0, respectively. Openings 26 are provided in the side plates for accommodating the brackets 24.

The crushing element I2 is preferably actuated through the medium of a drive shaft 2'! journaledin bearings 28 mounted on the side plates I 0, and fixed on this shaft is an eccentric or eccentrics 29 which are connected by reciprocating connections or arms 30 with the free or rear end of such crushing element by a horizontal pivot 3|. During the rotation of the drive shaft the connecting arms 30 are reciprocated vertically and to the crushing element I2 is imparted a rocking movement about an instantaneous center determined by the rollers 22. In Figure 5 is shown diagrammatically the movement imparted to the crushing element l2, the reference characters A and B indicating, for example, the limits of reciprocating travel of the connecting arm or arms 33 at its pivot 3|, and the letter C indicating the instan taneous center about which the crushing element rocks. The rocking motion of the crushing element l2 imposes upon its crushing faces l9 and 2G a constant form of motion which, due to their varying radial distances from the center C, varies from point to point along those crushing faces as shown by the directional arrows arranged between the points D, E and F and D, E and F. As will be noticed, the various points on the crusher faces I 9 and 20 change both in magnitude and direc'tion; thatis, considering the face from D to E, the magnitude of movement varies from a minimum at E-E to a maximum at DD' and the direction of motion is generally downward toward the opposing face I1 of the crushing ele-'- ment II. FromE to F, the magnitude of movement varies from a minimum at EE' to a maximum at F-F' and the direction of motion is generally upward toward the opposing face I8 of the relatively fixed jaw. It will therefore be seen that when the upper portion of the crushing element I 2 moves from D to D, the lower portion thereof moves from F to F, thereby constituting, respectively, a crushing stroke and a releasing stroke simultaneously. Upon a vertical movement of the arm or arms 30 in the opposite direction, a reversal of the motion paths of the crushing' element I2 is efiected, producing a crushing stroke from E to F in a direction from F to l?" and a simultaneous releasing stroke from E to D in a direction from D to D, and thereby providing a double crushing and releasing action during each revolution of the operation shaft 2'! or during each cycle. The downward rocking motion of the upper portion of the crushing element i2 augments the downward or gravity feed of the material through the crushing throat and the upward rocking motion of the lower portion of such crushing element assures a positive and efficient final crushing action.

As shown in Figure 2, at the point of intersection of the crushing faces [9 and 20 there is preferably provided a transversely-extending notch, indentation or relief pocket 32 which provides a partial enlargement in the crushing throat l3 and which serves thereby to ease the feed of the material from the upper sector to the lower sector of the throat and effectually prevents congesting or clogging of the material at the transition point, or at that point where there is no appreciable component of motion perpendicular to the opposing crushing faces, and assures a continuous and uninterrupted flow of the material through the crusher.

By thus constructing, mounting and actuating the crushing elements, the thrust load is absorbed by the guide rollers 22, which, because of their slow oscillating motion, are capable of withstanding heavy loads, and the eccentric shaft and associated parts are thereby relieved from the crushing loads and strains. The compression springs 23 serve to retain the crushing element l2 in its proper position and prevent backlashing of the latter when the crusher is idling or running empty.

The adjustable and normally fixed, hinged crushing element II has preferably associated therewith a safety release mechanism which functions to permit said crushing element to bodily swing away from the rocking crushing element I2 should tramp iron or similar non-crushable material find its way into the crusher, and thereby effectually and positively prevent damage or breakage to any part of the crusher. This release mechanism is so designed that it will be automatically actuated or tripped when the occasion warrants it and can be immediately reset and the hinged crushing element restored to its initial position without loss of time and without shutting down the crusher. In its preferred construction shown in the drawings, this mechanism comprises the supporting member [6 upon which the adjusting screw I5 is mounted, and as shown in Figures 1 and 2, this member is hinged at its upper end to a horizontal hinge pin 33 suitably supported at the left hand end of the machineframe, whereby this member is adapted to swing vertically with the crushing element II' at a predetermined time, as when uncrushablematerial is passing through the crusher. At its lower end; this pendant or swinging member has attached thereto a transversely-disposed pivot rod or bar 34 which is disposed below the adjusting screw I5 and which is provided with locking lugs or shoulders 35 with which corresponding latch members 36, hinged at 3! to the side plates I 0, are adapted to interlock in the normal operative position of the crusher. The free or lug-engaging ends of these latch members normally rest upon the top faces of the lugs. In order to adjust the latter to a proper position for a given installation, a depending arm 38 is provided substantially centrally of the pivot bar 34 and engaging this arm is an adjusting screw 39 which abuts against the outer side of the plate l6. Through the medium of this screw the pivot bar can be turned in one direction or the other to vary the position of the latch-engaging lugs 35 and thereby change the angularity or linkage between such lugs and the latch members 36 to suit a given pressure imposed upon the crushing element II to effect a release of such mechanism. At its ends the pivot bar may be provided with arms or extensions 46 to which suitable weights'4ll may be applied and which weights determine the pressure which the latch mechanism can withstand before it is released by any abnormal pressure imposed upon the crushing element II when non-crushable material happens to pass through the machine. These weights also function to automatically re-set the latch mechanism after the noncrushable material has passed through the crusher throat and to restorethe affected parts to their initial position. 7

Instead of the weighted arrangement associated with the pivot rod 34, coil springs 4| may be interposed between the free ends of the latch members 36 and brackets 42 applied to the adjoining ends of the side plates I6. And as shown in Figure 1, either or both of these arrangements may be used separately or in combination.

The hinged member Hi, the pivot bar 34, and

the latch members 36, constitute a releasable conl3, an abnormal outward pressure is imposed against the normally fixed crushing element I,

which will cause a relative turning of the pivot bar 34 to lift the latches 36 from the shoulders 35 and effect an uncoupling thereof, thereby automatically releasing the hinged member [6 and allowing the crushing element to swing outwardly or away from the crushing element |2 from the full line to the'dotted line position shown in Figure 2, and permitting the non-crushable material to pass through the machine. The safety release mechanism can be conveniently and readily reset by merely manually swinging the member i6 inwardly until the locking shoulders 35 encounter the corresponding parts of the latches 36; when the weighted arms 46 are used, the weights thereon serve to automatically restore the mechanism to its initial latched position.

In order to prevent the material flowing on into the crusher when non-'crushable material has been encountered by the crushing elements,

a means may be employed to shut off or trap the material in the feed hopper 43 (see Figure 6). As shown in Figure 6, 44 indicates a sliding valve or shutter which is normally held in its open position by a vertically-swinging latch 45 This latch is operatively connected with the swinging member N5 of the safety release mechanism so that when such member is swung outwardly the latch 45 will be released and the shutter 45 will be projected to a closed position. This connection may consist of a link 46 connectin the free end of the latch 45 with an extension 41 applied to the upper end of the member I6, a spring 48 being employed for constantly urging the shutter 44 to a closed position.

In Figures 7 and 8 a slightly modified mounting for themovable crushing element is depicted, the

and adjacent its crushing face 5|.

numeral 49 indicating the crushing jaw which is actuated in the same rocking-like manner as heretofore described, but which has a fixed fulcrum consisting of a pivot rod 50 supported in the side plates [0 of the frame and extending through the jaw at a point intermediate its ends This face may be removably fitted in a transverse groove 52 formed in the front wall of the crushing jaw.

I claim as my invention: 1. In a crusher, a crushing element mounted for displacement to a released position, and means for releasably retaining said element in a normally fixed position, said means including a shiftable member having a part in operative engagementwith said crushing element, a latch movably mounted on a fixed support, and means on said shiftable member arranged to engage said latch and yieldably secure said shiftable member in its crushing element retaining position, said latchengaging means being displaceable from the latch to release said shiftable member and said crushing element when an abnormal pressure is exerted on the latter. 7

2. In a crusher, a pivotally mounted crushing element adapted for movement to a non-crushing position when noncrushable material enters the crusher, and means for releasably retaining said element in a normally fixed crushing position, comprising a securing member pivotally mounted on a fixed support and disposed adjacent the outer side of the crushing element and having a part in engagement therewith, a latch member movably mounted on a fixed support, and a pivot bar mounted on said securing member and having a locking shoulder thereon with which said latch normally engages.

3. In a crusher, opposing relatively movable crusher elements disposed to form a crushing throat therebetween, one of said elements provided with a rearwardly extending supporting and actuating arm, anti-friction guiding and supporting means engaging opposite faces of said arm between its ends and means for imparting a rocking movement to said arm whereby the paths of the various points on the face of the crusher elements carried thereby vary in both magnitude and direction relative to the face of the companion crushing element.

4. In a crusher, opposing relatively movable i crusher elements disposed to form a crushing throat therebetween, one of said crusher elements extending horizontally and provided with a substantially vertically arranged working face, antifriction guiding and supporting means engaging said last-named element on the top and bottom surfaces thereof intermediately its ends, and means for imparting a rocking movement to said last-named crusher element whereby the paths of the various points on its said working face vary in both magnitude and direction relative to the face of the companion crushing element.

5. In a crusher, a releasable crushing element, means normally retaining said element in a fixed crushing position, resettable means governed by an excess of pressure imposed upon said crushing element for automatically releasing said retaining means, a gate arranged for movement across the stream of material to be crushed, means urging said gate to a closed position, a catch for securing said gate in an open position, and means functionally responsive to release of said first-named retaining means for releasing said catch.

WILLIAM L. WETTLAUFER.

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