US2043867A

US2043867A - High temperature torch

Info

Publication number: US2043867A
Application number: US671150A
Authority: US
Inventors: Rava Alexander
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1933-05-15
Filing date: 1933-05-15
Publication date: 1936-06-09
Anticipated expiration: 1953-06-09

Description

June 9, 1936. V

HIGH TEMPERATURE TORCH Flled May 15, 1953 INVENTOR Alexander Pqva.

BY .w

ATTORNEYS.

Patented June 9,

HIGH

Alexandr:- Ban;

PATENT OFFICE C ca o,

Allpliclflcn Kay 15, 1933, Serial No. 71,15.

4 Claims. (Gl- 9112-2) This invention relates to methods and means for producing high temperature flames.

Although my invention has numerous applications, it is particularly applicable to the production. of non-reducing flames in the chemical, ceramic and other allied arts. An illustrative use is the fusing and melting of refractory material and/or the glazing of the same and/or the depositing thereon al. a layer or layers of glazing material, metals etcJ It is an object of my invention to provide an improved method and means for producing a high temperature flame.

Another object is to provide a method and means for producing a high temperature flame in a unitary torch or like construction.

Another object is to provide an improved methd and means for producing a high temperature flame by which refractory material may be fused and/or melted and/or glazed without the introduction thereinto of impurities.

Another object is to provide an improved method and means fluapplying a layer of glaze or the like to refractory or like materials.

Another object is to provide an improved method and means for heating and applying to a refractory or like surface a layer of glaze substantlally without the introduction of impurlizl thereinto.

Another object is to provide a method and means for producing a high temperature flame by the combustion of a metal or metals in the presence of a combustible gas or gases.

Another object is to provide a method and means for utilizing the high combustion temperature of a metal or metals in the production of a high temperature flame.

Another object is to provide a method and means for increasing the combustion temperature of two or more gases to increase thetemperature of the flame of combustion thereof.

Another object is to provide a method and means for producing a high temperature flame by the concurrent combustion of a gas or gases and description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, which illustrates a flame pro- ;ducing burner embodying my. invention, and by which the method of, my invention may be practiced.

Referring to'the drawing, I have shown at l the main body of the burner. It comprises an inner cup-form wall 2 upwardly open and upwardly outwardly flaring and providing a generally frustoconical open chamber 22; and an outer wall 3 which may be of cylindrical form; thus providing, between the walls 2 and 3, a space or chamber 4.

Conduits 5 and i communicate with the interior chamber I and provide means, whereby a cooling medium, such as water or air under pressure, may flow to conduct away from the body I heat accumulating therein in the operation of the. device or torch to be described.

A plurality such as six passageways I extend entirely thraigh the two walls, 2 and 3, being sealed thereto by tubular connecting portions 8-4, and burners 9-9 and III are projected through the passageways 1. Each or the burners 9 comprises a nozzle l I having a discharge orifice i2 and a jacket l3 surrounding the same, providing a space I 4 between the jacket and the nozzle, through which a cooling medium, such as water or air, may be circulated to conduct away heat. The medium may be introduced into the jacket through a conduit l5 and after circulating therethrough may be discharged through a conduit IS. The nozzle, II may be identical with the nozzle 9! and may have a discharge orifice I 3 from its nozzle 51.

The burners 9-8 are disposed in an an ula series with the axes of their nozzles l I, or of their orifices i2l2, inclined atan angleoi' approximately 75 (or less) to the axis of the frusto-conical chamber 22, and the orifices |2--l2 are disposed substantially equal distances from the said axis and in a plane at right angles to the axis and substantially midway between the upper and lower bases of the said frusto-conical chamber. Y

The nozzle ll of the burner II], or the orifice I3 thereof, is disposed substantially along or on the said axis centrally of the said orifices l2 and substantially below the plane of the orifices I 2l2.

The nozzles H -ll extend rearwardly out of the jacket 13 into conduit portions l8-|8 which are adapted to be connected to a supply source of oxygen under pressure. Any suitable means may be provided, such as means well known in the 50 art, for supplying oxygen to the nozzles ll-I I from such source and for controlling the pressure thereof and therefore the rate of flow to the noz- 'zles. The nozzle ll of the bumer III is likewise provided with a conduit zirconium metal to zirconium dioxide.

be connected to a source of hydrogen under pressure controlled by suitable means not shown.

In the operation of the torch or burner, thus far described, hydrogen is admitted to the burner lll' through the orifice l3 and ignited producing a,v flame jet 20. Oxygen is then admitted to the burner9 9 and issuing from the orifices l2 combines with the hydrogen producing a 'flame 2| issuing'from the burnernpwardly along its central axis.

. The supply of oxygen to the burners 9-9 then has introduced thereinto finely powdered zirconiwith the central hydrogen flame jet 20, the in' tense heat of the oxy-hydrogen flame burns the As is well known, zirconium metal has a very high heat of combustion and its combustion in the torch-just described, raises the temperature of the oxyhydrogen flame producing an exceedingly intense heat.

The zirconium dioxide in the flame is highly sintered or molten and is projected forwardly inthe flame 2| and may be deposited by the onrush of the hot gases from the flame on anydesiredsurface.

into the oxygen streams, the oxy-hydrogen flame alone may be employed to heat the article or surface upon which the zirconium dioxide is subsequently to be deposited. i

As is apparent, zirconium dioxide as a refractory material is produced in the torch as just described, from zirconium metal and under conditions, which cause it to be chemically pure, the resulting flame being a non-reducing or oxidizing flame. By this means, as willalso be apparent, a refractory article may be provided with a glazed surface.

As an alternative mode of operation, instead of introducing zirconium dust alone into the oxygen, it may be introduced together with magnesium metal-dust or powder. The refractory material thus produced and/or the refractory glaze layer, which may thereby be applied to an article, will be a mixture of zirconium and magnesium oxides. A means for introducingthe powdered metal into the oxygen streams has not been shown and isbelieved not to be necessary in view of the state of this art, and any suitable or known means maybe provided for this purpose.

My invention is not limited to the particular metal zirconium referred to nor to its combination with magnesium; other metals and other combinations may be used.

In some cases refractory oxide dust may be introduced into the flame with the gas or gases for depositing on a surface as described.

Other changes and modifications in the apparatus above described and changes and modifications may be 'made in the steps of process here inbefore described without departing from the spirit of my invention or sacrificing its advantages, or departing from the scope of the appended claims.

I claim: e

1 In a high temperature torch or the like, a

If desired, before the metal is introduced around the central burner and projecting flame jets inwardly and outwardly to join with the first named flame'jet." 1 v j 2. In. a high temperature torch or the like,- a

' frame comprising a generally outwardly open 10 cup-form walled combustion recess, a generally centraljet burner nozzle projecting into the recess through thebottom wall thereof and terminating inwardly of the a recess mouth and disposed to project a central j'etpf gas outwardly through them recess along the jetaxis, a plurality of jet burner nozzles projected into the recess through side walls of the chamber terminating inwardly of the recess mouth and arranged in a series around the central nozzle substantially symmetrically 20 thereto and disposed to project jets of gas toward the central jet from difierent angular directions each in an outwardly inclined direction, the axes of ,the series of jets substantially intersecting the axis of the central jet at a point therein, the 25 series of jets joining with the central jet to produce a flame projected outwardly of the recess along the axis of the central jet.

through and out of the recess, along a jet axis, a

plurality of oxygen jet burner nozzles projected into the recess through side walls thereof terminating inwardly of the recess mouth and arranged generally symmetrically around the cen- 4o tral nozzle and disposed toproject jets of oxygen towards the hydrogen jet from different angular directions each in an outwardly inclined direction, the axes of the oxygen jets substantially intersecting the axis of the hydrogen jet at a 45 point therein whereby the oxygen jets may join with the hydrogen jet to produce anon-reducing flame projected outwardly .of the recess along the axis of the hydrogen jet.

4. In a high temperature torch or the like, a frame comprising a generally outwardly open cup-form walled combustion recess, a generally central jet. burner nozzle projecting into the recess through the bottom wall thereof and terminating inwardly of the. recess mouth and dis.- posed to project a central jet of gas outwardly through the recess along the jet axis, a pluralityof jet burner nozzles projected into the recess through side walls of the chamber terminating inwardly of the recess mouth and arranged in a series around the central nozzle substantially symmetrically thereto and disposed to project jets of gas toward the central jet from different angular directions each in an outwardly inclined direction, the series of-jets joining with the cen- V tral jet to produce a flame projected outwardly of the recess along the axis of the central jet.

ALEXANDER Rava-