US2043408A - Grinding machine - Google Patents

Description

June ffii 193@ E. F. HAAS GRINDING MACHINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 14, 1931 dnne June 9, W36, E. F. HAAG 39498 GRINDING MACHINE Filed Feb. 14, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 its spindle.

r '35, a predetermined point 'in the cycle i Patented June 9, 1936 PATENT oFFicE Gamnmo' MACHINE Eugene F. Haas, Cincinnati, Ohio, Dassignor to Cincinnati Grinders Incorporated, Cincinnati, Ohio, a corporation pf Ohio Application February 14, 1931, Serial Nm 515,807

n This invention-,reiatesto improvements in grinding machines -and especially to improvements .in as mechanism for effecting a slight reciprocating movement of `a grinding wheel and .In the grinding and nishingof the surface of work pieces it" has been customary to eiect a slight reciprocat'ion' ofjth'e axesV of the work and grinding wheel to break up grindingfor grain Vlines on the said surface ot thework. In the past this 'reciprocation was continuous during I the entiregrinding operation thereby utilizing theentire surface of the grinding wheel. In

s o'me classes of work this is objectionable and the best ilnishcannot be obtained since the entire face of the wheel will be equally broken down during use- ,By this invention'it is proposed to utilize only a part of Vthe grinding wheel ifacev v forv the major part of the grinding operation and A employ the remainder of the face of said wheel for the finish grinding thereof and for the desired iinish on the work.

It is, therefore, -one of the of the present invention 'to provide improved means for effecting the said reciprocation of a grinding; wheel and its spindle. Another object ofthe invention is the -provision of a mechanism that may be readily ado iusted for eiecting an intermittent reciprocationy of a spindle or maybe adjusted for effecting a continuous reciprocation oi the spindle.

A'further object of the invention isthe prot visin ora spindle reciprocating mechanism so arranged as to effect a of the spindle at of a machine-tool organization.

Other objects-and advantages invention should be readily apparent by reference to the following specication consideredin 40 conjunction -with the accompanying drawings and it .is'to be understood vthat .any modiilcations may be made in the exact structural details there shown and described, within the scope of the l appended claims, without departing from or ex- 45,1ceeding the spirit of the invention. VInthedrawings: M'

Figure 1 is a front elevational view of a grindying machine embodying the principles pf this invention'.I f

Figure 2'is a top' plan view of themachine 'showninl'lgure1.f"

Figure 3 is an end elevational view of the machine'as seen from line 3-3 of Figure l. Figure 4 is ay sectional viewtaken onillne` t-l 55 'of Figure 2,' I

producing principal objectsf operation lof -the present Figure 5 is a sectional view on line 5 5 of YFigure 4.

Figure 6 is a sectional view on line 6-6 of Figure 4. i

Figure 7 is a diagrammatic view showing the 5 hydraulic circuit, employed.

Throughoutthe several views of the drawings similar reference characters are employed to denote the same or similar parts.

For the purposes of illustration there has beerrlo chosen a centerless grinder with which-fthe .improved spindle reciprocating mechanism is employed but it is to be understood that the mechanism may b used in any other organization requiring a. shifting of a spindle or a member 16- at a given p ont in the cycle ofoperation.

In the drawings the reference character Ill indicates the bed of a grinding machine from. which a pedestal 7Il rises for rotatably supportn ing a spindle I2 to the end of which the grind- '2g ing wheel I3 is secured. Any suitable or desirable means may be employed for rotating the spindle and its supported grinding wheel at a high grinding rate of speed. The bed I0 is further provided on its upper surface with Ways 2| (Il for the lower slide I5 in turn provided with ways I6 for a second or upper slide Il. The upper slide I'Iis provided with a head I8 rotatably supportinga spindle for the regulating Wheel I9' rotatable as a unit in a clockwise di- 30 rection at a relatively slow work controlling rate of ispeed. The head I8 is secured to the slide l1 in such a manner that it may be swiveled to'dispose the 'axis ofthe regulating wheel and its vspindle at an angle to the horizontal plane of the axis of the grinding wheel and its spindlel so that a suitable feeding thrust component may he exerted on the Work. It will be noted that the opposed faces of the grinding wheel and regulating wheel are spaced from one another to .provide a grinding throat therebetween. It will further be noted that the axis of the grinding wheel and its spindle is disposed at an angle to the axis of the work 20 so'that a-.plane face on the grinding wheel may form an angularly 4l related face onthe work 20 as compared to the stem or body portion 2|.

The-work 20 is supported in the grinding throat -by peripheral engagement of its stem 2| with the active face of a work rest blade 22 adjusti ably supported in a slot or way formed in block ..23 carried by the inner end of the lower slide, I5. 'Pressure rolls 24 are provided for holding lthestem .2I- of the work against the active face of 'I the regulating wheel so as to insure-proper rotation of the said work about the axis of said stem which was previously ground and about the axis of which the valve seat must be generated. The work rest block 23 is provided on its inner end with a supporting lug 25 from which an end stop 26 extends for properly positioning the work relative to the faces of the grinding and regulating wheels. i

In order to initially set up the machine and to provide the proper grinding throat the regulating wheel unitis adapted to be actuated relative to the bed along the ways |4 toward and from the grinding wheel. For this purpose there is provided and adjusting screw 21 having its threaded end in engagement with a nut 28 oscillatably journaled in the upper slide |1 and the outer end of the screw 21 is supportedin a bearing 29 carried by the base or bed I0. A/hand or pilot wheel 30 is mounted on the exterior end of the screw 21 whereby the said screw 21 may be actuated. When adjusting the screw 21 by the hand 'or' pilot wheel 30 the nut 28 is held against oscillation by a hand lever 3|. This hand lever 3| is employed for effecting the normal feed of the work and grinding wheel by oscillating said nut 28 tocause the same to travel along the screw and carry with it the slides, regulating wheel and work. 'I'he parts are so positioned that a movement of thehandle from the vertical position, shown in Figure 2, through ninety degrees in a counterclockwise direction tov a horizontal position effects a feed of the Work and grinding Wheel corresponding to the stock removal. Return of the handle to the position shown in Figures 3 opens the grinding throat to permit a replacement of the finished work piece on the work rest blade 22.

The parts bear substantially the relation to one another illustrated in Figure 2 with the inner portion-of the grinding wheel face engaging the entire surface or valve seat of the work to be ground, and asA the handle 3| isl actuated, the grinding wheel and itsspindle, near the end of the movement of the handle 3|, is reciprocated across the face of the work. This is accomplished by providing a dog 32 on the inner surface of the lever 3|` for tripping an hydraulic valve 33 which'has connected therewith inlet line 34 and outlet 35. The former extends to a suitablesource of hydraulic pressure, air. oil or the like, while the latter extends to the spindle reciprocating mechanism indicated as an entirety by numeral 36 which is secured to the end of the pedestal I| and having suitable connection with the spindle I2. As shown in Figure 4 the spindle reciprocating mechanism 36 comprises a casing or housing consisting of three sections, 31, 38 and 39, being secured toone another by bolts 40 and 4|. Bolts 46, in addition to clamping the parts together, secure the reciprocator as a unit to the end of the pedestal The central section of the housing 38 is provided with a comparatively large bore 42 forming the cylinder for piston 43 While the end sections 31 and 39 constitute the heads for the said cylinder and, in addition, are provided with bores 44 forming bearings for the reduced extended portions 45 of the piston. The piston 43 is centrally bored to receive the reduced terminal portion 46 of the spindle I2 and forms a journal therein terminating in an enlarged counterbore formed in the rearmost piston extension 45. An anti-friction thrust bearing 41 is enclosed within said counterbore and forms a connection with the spindle extension 46.

Reference is now made to the diatic view, Figure 7, showing the complete hydraulic circuit for actuating the piston in its cylinder. A pump 48 is provided having a suction line 49 extending therefrom and terminating in a suitable tank or reservoir 58. Pressure line extends from the pump 48 and has branching therefrom branch pressure lines 52 and 52a, the former being employed for operating the spindle reciprocator and the latter for supplying lubricant to the spindle bearings. 'For this purpose branch line 52a includes a pressure reducing valve 53 so that the lubricant for the bearings is not under excess pressure when-it enters lubricating lines 54 which terminate at the bearings within the pedestal for properly lubricating the spindle bearings. Branch pressure line 52 has tapped into it the line 34 extending from valve 33. 'A needle valve 55 regulates the pressure from lines 34 and 52 to the conduit 56 which has branches 51 and 58 terminating at reversing valve 59. Reversing valve 59 in one position connects branch line 51 with a conduit 68 going to one end of the cylinder 42 while in the other position it connects Branch 5a with a conduit el going to the other end of the cylinder 42. In addition,.there is provided a conduit 62 extending from the conduit60 to one end of the shuttle pilot valve 63 while' the other end of said valve is connected by conduit 64 with the cylinder conduit 6|. An exhaust conduit 65 connects the chambers pf the pilot valve 63 and reversing valve 59 through conduit 66 with the discharge conduit 61 for carrying the spent medium to the tank or sump 50. 'I'here is also provided a conduit 16 extending from the needle valve 55 to a check valve 15 which connects the conduit 16 with a second conduit 11. Branch conduits or ports 18 and 19 connect the conduit 11 with the pilot valve chamber. Conduit 80 connects the branch 18 through the pildt valve 63 with one end of reversing valve 59 while conduit 8| connects the branch 19 of conduit v11, through the pilot valve 63, with theother end of reversing valve 59. The'outlet conduit 35 of the valve 33 is tapped into the conduit 11 for deliver'- ing the pressure of the line 34 to the branch conduits 18 and 19. A shut-off valve 82 is included in the line 35 for preventing a flow of hydraulicpressure for a purpose to appear later. In order to render the reciprocating attachment inoperative conduit or port 8| is connected by a conduit or port 90 with the common discharge conduit 61 and the said port 96 has included therein a stop valve 9| of the needle valve type.

The valve 33 consists of a'suitable casing 68 interiorly of which is a spring pressed valve member 69 normally preventing flow of fluid therethrough. A bearing 19 extends from the casing 68 and has slidably mounted therein a plunger 1|, the inner end of which contacts with the valve 69 and the outer end engaging an actuating pawl 12 pivotally mounted at 13 to a bracket 14 supporting the valve and its casing.

All of the valves except valve 33 and all of the conduits and ports except lines 34 and 35 and the line extending from the needle valve 55 back to the pump and tank are carried by the several sections 31, 38 and 39 of the reciprocator, asseen by the sectional views Figures 4, 5 and 6. The shuttle pilot valve 63 and the pressure responsive reversing valve 59 and their containing chambers are carried by the central section 38 while certain of the connecting conduits or ports and needle valves are carried b y the end sections 31 and 39. A load and fire mechanism is provided for throwing the reversing valve beyond the center posland as soon as the nose 96 passes over the apex of the rib 94 the spring expands and through the cooperation of the tapered sides of 'the nose and the taperedwalls of the grooves res the valve 59 past the central position to its other extreme position. i

The operation of the mechanism is as follows. An hydraulic medium, preferably oil, is taken from the sump or tankv58 through the suction line 49 by the pump 48 and discharged under pressure into conduits 5|, 52 and 34. The pressure in line 34 is blocked by the valve |59` while 4the pressure in line 52 passes through the needle `valve 55 to the conduit 56 which, as shownin '.Figure 7, passes through branch conduit 51 to and through conduit 68 to the inner end of the cylinder 42 for holding the spindle and grinding wheel I3 outwardly,as seen in Figure 2. Excess pressure developed by the pump 48 is discharged through relief valve 83 and conduit 84 to the sump or tank 50. A work piece is placed on` the work rest blade 22 with the in-feed lever 3| in the position shown in Figure 3 whereuponv the said lever is actuated in a counterclockwise direction, as seen in said Figure 3. This movement of the lever 3|'feeds the work into the grinding wheel to eifect the proper stock removal therefrom. Near the nd of the feeding stroke and when the work piece is substantially to sizel the dog 32 on the lever 3| engages and actuates the pawl 12 for depressing the plunger 1| and opening valve 69. At this time the stop valve 82 isvopened while the check valvel 15 is closed to prevent any ow of hydraulic fluid therethrough. I

The hydraulic fluid being connected through the valve 33 to the conduit 35, the'pressure passes through the branch conduit .19, pilot valve 63, conduit 8 |y to the right hand end of the reversing valve 59, as seen in Figure 7, and shifts the said valve to the left. This movement of the reversing valve to the left connects branch pressure cnduit 58 with the conduit 6| which goes to the outer end of the cylinder 42 for shifting` the piston contained in said cylinder inwardly, as seen in Figure 2, and correspondingly shifting the spindle and grinding wheel. As soon as the piston reaches the end of its lstroke in a forward direction the pressure backs up through the conduit 8l iiowing through the conduit 54 for shifting the pilot valve therein and connects the line 35 through branch conduit 18 with the conduit 80. However, as soon as the valve 69 was opened the -dog passed beyond the pawl 12 permitting the spring 85 associated with the valve 69 to close saine so that at this time no' pressure is in the line 35.l l

The lever 3| has now reached the end of its stroke and a short delay is allowed to permitthe sparking out of the grinding wheel and .work at which time the handle 3| is actuated in a reve. se or "cloclswise direction. It will be noted that i .ie pawl 12 is provided with angularly related cam faces so that upon-the reverse `movement of the handle 3| dog 32 will actuate and depress same thereby again connecting theA pressure line 34 with the outlet line 35 so that the pressure immeiiatelyl flows through branch lconduit 18, pilot valve 63 and conduit 80, for again shifting the reversing valve 59 to the position shown in Figure thereby again connecting the parts as there shown for returning the piston to thepoutward limit of its stroke and consequently so positioning the grinding wheel and its spindle. v

From the foregoing it win be noted that the ,the face of the grinding wheel is operatively associated with the work to reduce same to the desired size and produce theproper nish thereon. It is sometimes desirable to have a continuous reciprocation of the grinding wheel and its spindle which would only ,mean'the shutting 'oil o f the stop valve 82 and the releasing of reliei?4 valve 15 so that the pressure in line 34 is blocked at 82 and has no eiect on valve 59 irrespective or the opening or closing of'valve 89. The relief valve at 15 is of the character shown at 41 in Ernst Patent 1,938,158 and as described in that patent normally provides a greater resistance to :duid flow into line 11 than that required'to e1'- However, when the spindle reciprocating piston l has moved to vits limit of movement, the continued action of the pump will build up a suiiicient pressure in line 18 to open the relief valve at 15 when the actuating fluid as directed by valve 63 will suitably exert its force against one or the other .end of valve 59 to reverse the connections of the pressure fluid to the hydraulic reciprocator and thus reverse its direction of movement. It will thus be understood that by loosening the control handle 92a, valve 15 will be permitted to function under this pressure reactance `foreffecting automatic continuous reciprocation of the spindle. On the other hand by tightening this valve so that it will not respond to pressure cony ditions and loosening valve 82,' the system is con. ditioned for intermittent 'single reciprocating strokes dependent on actuation of plunger 1| as by shifting of lever 3| and its associate dog 32.

To render the oscillating attachment inoperative the stop valve 9| is opened so that no back vpressure is built up in conduit or line 8| thereby preventing a shifting of the reverse valve 59 which at this time is' held against movement by the spring4 loaded pawl or detent.

What is claimed is:

1. In a. grinding machine the combination with a bed, of a rotatable spindle supported thereby.

a'grinding Wheel on one 4end of said spindle,

' porting said spindle', and 'means for axially reciprocating the spindle in its support comprising combination of a spindle, a support for the spindle, and means for lhydraulically reciprocating said spindle includinga piston secured to the spindle, a cylinder for the piston, conduits extending from opposite ends of the cylinder, a pressure responsive reversing valve at the end of the cylinder conduits, a pressure line terminating at the reversing valve, branch pressure lines extending from the main pressure line for effecting the reciprocation of the valve, pressure responsive means in one of said branch transmission lines for automatically reversing the valve for effecting a continuous reciprocation of the spindle, and normally inoperative means in the other branch pressure line for effecting intermittent reciprocation of the spindle.

4. In a spindle reciprocating mechanism the combination of a spindle, a support for the spindle, and means for hydraulically reciprocating said spindle including a piston secured to the spindle, -a cylinder for the piston, conduits extending from opposite ends of the cylinder, a pressure responsive reversing valve at the end of the cylinder conduits, a pressure line terminating at the reversing valve, branch pressure lines extending from the main pressure line for effecting the reciprocation of the valve, pressure responsive means in one'of said branch transmission lines for automatically reversing the valve for effecting a continuous reciprocation of the spindle, normally inoperative means in the other branch pressure line for eil'ecting intermittent reciprocation of the spindle, and means .for rendering either of the last mentioned means inoperative. A

5. In .a spindle reciprocating mechanism the combination with a spindle, a supporty therefor,

of an hydraulic reciprocator comprising a piston' secured to the spindle, a cylinder for the piston, conduits extending from opposite ends of the cylinder, an hydraulic pressure source, a pressure actuable reversing valve connecting the pressure source with either of the cylinder conduits, a pair of conduits extending from the pressure source to the reversing valve for actuating same v thereby, pressure responsive means in one of said conduits for reversing the reversing valve at each end of the piston stroke to effect a continuous reciprocation of the spindle, and a. manually actuable valve in the other conduit for manually effecting a reversing of the reversing valve to intermittently reciprocate the spindle.

6. In a spindle reciprocating mechanism 4the combination with a spindle, a support therefor, of an hydraulic reciprocator comprising a piston secured to the spindle, a cylinder for the piston, conduits extending from opposite ends of the cylinder, an hydraulic pressure source, a pressure actuable reversing valve connecting the pressure source with either of the cylinder conduits, a pair of conduits extending from the pressure source to the reversing valve for actuating same thereby, pressure responsive means in one of said conduits for reversing the reversing valve at each end of the piston stroke to effect a continuous reciprocation of the spindle, a manually actuable valve in the other conduit for manually effecting a reversing of the reversing valve to intermittently reciprocate the spindle, and additional means for rendering either of the pressure conduits inoperative.

7. 1n a grinding machine the combination of a grinding wheel having an operative face wider than the width of work to' be operated upon thereby, means for feeding the work and part of the face of the grinding wheel relative to one another, and means for subsequently feedingthe grinding wheelI relative to the work to associate the remaining portion of the face of the grinding wheel and work.

8. In a centerless grinder the combination of a pair of opposed grinding `and regulating wheels forming a grinding throat therebetween, the grinding wheel having an operative face wider than the portion of the work to be ground, a work rest blade within the grinding throat for supporting the work, and means for operatively associating the work with a part of said grinding wheel face and associating the balance of said grinding wheel face and work for finish grinding said work. 4

9. In a centerless grinder the combination of a pair of opposed grinding and regulating wheels forming a grinding throat therebetween, the grinding wheel having an operative face wider than the portion of the work to be ground, a work rest blade within the grinding throat for supporting the work, means for effecting a relative feed between the work and a portion of the grinding wheel face, and means subsequently feeding the grinding wheel relative to the work to associate the remaining portion of the face of the grinding wheel and work.

10. In a centerless grinder the combination of apair of opposed grinding and regulating wheels forming a grinding throat therebetween, a workl rest blade in said throat for holding a work piece in engagement with the regulating wheel, means for feeding said regulating wheel, Work rest blade and work supported thereby as a unit toward the grinding wheel, and means operable by said feeding means for eecting an axial reciprocation of the grinding wheel relative to the work.

l1. In a centerless grinder the combination of a pair of opposed grinding and regulating wheels forming a grinding throat therebetween, a Work rest blade in said throat for holding a work piece in engagement with the regulating wheel, means including -a manually oscillatable handle for feeding said regulating wheel, work rest blade and work supported thereby as a unit toward the grinding wheel and means operable by said handle when oscillated in a given direction for axiallyreciprocating the grinding wheel in one direction and for reciprocating the grinding wheel in the reverse direction when reversely oscillating the hand lever.

l2. In a grinding machine of the class described the combination of a bed, bearings supported by thefbed, a spindle rotatably journalled in the bearings, a grinding wheel secured to the spindle for rotation therewith, means adjacent the grinding wheel for supporting a` Work piece while being operated upon by the grinding wheel, a feeding mechanism for effecting a relative feed between the work and the grinding Wheel for reducing said work to its final size and form, and means operable substantially at the conclusion of the feeding operation when the work is substantially to final lform for axially reciprocating the grinding wheel and its spindle relative to the supporting bearings across the work.

13. In a grinding machine of the class described the combination of a bed. bearings supported by the bed. a spindle rotatably journaled in the bearings, a grinding wheel secured to the spindle i for rotation therewith. means adjacent the grinding wheel for supporting 'a work piece while being operated upon by the grinding wheel, a -feedlng mechanism for eiiecting a relative feed between the work and the grinding wheel for reducing said work to its nal size and form, and means oper- 10 able-substantially at the conolusion'of the feeding cating mechanism.

operation when the work is substantially to nal form for axially reciprocating the grinding wheel and its spindle relative to the supporting bearings across the work, said spindle and grinding wheel shifting mechanism including a reciprocating mechanism operable upon the spindle and the feeding mechanism being controlled by a manually'operable lever which'energizes the recipro-

Images