US2041328A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

J. B. FORBES HEAT EXCHANGER May 19,1936.

Filed Aug. 12, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR James 5. fc5/b es BY @di {yea/2M viv Ina.. lt-`l`l il l.

ATTORNEY May 19, 1936.

J. B, FORBES HEAT EXCHANGER Filey Aug. 12, 1935 2 .Sheets-Sheet 2 H, mk

lNvENToR James B. Forbes ATTORNEY Patented May 19, 1936 2,041,328

UNITEDSTATES PATENT ori-ica HEAT EXCHAN GER James B. Forbes, Mount Vernon, N. Y., assig'nor to Alco Products. Incorporated, New York,

N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application August 12, 1935, serial N.35,s22

1o claim. (c1. 257-247) f My invention relates to heat exchangers of the Figure 1 is a sectional view in elevation of a double tube type and more particularly to the heat exchanger embodying my invention. manner of connecting tube elements of the heat Figure 2 is an end view in elevation of theheat exchanger to form continuous uid passageways. lexchanger shown in Figure 1. In the double pipe heat exchangers known Figure 3 is a plan view of the heat exchanger 5 heretofore, particularly those of the liquid to shown in Figure 1. liquid type such as are commonly used in the pe- Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional view in eletroleum industry for the handling of highly vation of -a detail of Figure 1. viscous fluids such as crude petroleum and other Figure 5 is an end view in elevation of the dem heavy oils, considerable difficulty has been extail shown in Figure 4. y l perienced in cleaning the surfaces in contact with In general, the heat exchanger of my inventhe viscous liquids. The reason for this lies in tion is formed of a number of tube elements, the manner Yin which the inner and outer tubes each element consisting of an outer casing, or of the heat exchanger areconnected through retube, enclosing an inner tube to thereby form l turn bands and packing glands. The disassembly a pair of 'uid conducting passageways. Each 15 of these elements requires considerable time, thus casing is internally formed at each end with a making the cleaning of the surfaces a costly and number of lugs against WhCh annular Collars suruneconomical task. Equipment associated with rounding the inner tube abut to position the inner the heat exchanger often must be shut down for tube spacedly within the casing and at the same long periods during the cleaning resulting in time act as bases of receptacles for packing. The 20 operating inefficiency since this associated equipouter periphery at each end of a casing is formed ment is often not ready for shut down itself. with a ange adapted to be engaged by the sec- The double pipe exchangers in use heretofore tions of a split removable clamping ring. This have been constructed with the inner and outer clamping ring is provided with an inwardly extubes held in xed relationship through return tending flange through which pass a number of '25 bends and glands. Such construction has frecompression screws adapted to be forced into quently resulted in warping and bending of these contact with an outwardly extending flange of an tubes due to expansion and failure to adequately entrance piece used for directing the uid in the provide for the same. y inner tube. This, in` addition to serving as a Other disadvantages also existed such as lack fluid conducting element is also formed with a 30 of flexibility of the heat exchanger which, when skirt portion adapted to act as a gland for exdesigned for use in a particular installation, was erting pressure on the packing located in the renot adapt-ed or adaptable to use in a different ceptacle between the outer face of the inner tub installation under other operating conditions. ing and the inner face ofthe outer casing. Such `:it is an object of my invention to provide a construction permits the erection of this unit in 35 double pipe heat exchanger particularly adapted one or more sections. Where more than one secto the handling of highly viscous fluids. tion is desired, the adjoining ends of pairs of the It is another object of my invention to pro- Outer CasingS are Xedly Connected t0 serially vide a, double pipe heat,- exchanger in which al] unite the casings in iluid condicting relationship,

-40 surfaces contacted bythe viscous liquid are quick, While the adjoining ends ofpa'irs of the. inner 40 1y and easily acces-sible for cleaning. tubes are removably joined by means of return It is a further object of myinventi'on to probendswith Stlignrmogae coanpmg rings Sffl'al" vide a double pipe sectional'heat exchanger with uxirlnasgewagr gvh thirloni respect to which sections may be quickly and easl used, the removable return bends have a pres ily attached or removed to adapt the exchanger to sure exerng function as glands similar to the changed operating requirements. 1

Other and further objects of my invention will lugrcllllctgte geevigvltgir appear frnm the following' dgscntion nd sth@ all instances and areI free to expand and contract appended claimsindependently of the outer tube 01' Casing, thele- 50 In the accompanying drawings which form by allowing great nexibuity in the matter or tempart of the instant specification and are to be peratures of the uids passing through the varead in conjunction therewith, and in which like nous passages. reference numerals are used to indicate like parts I Referring nowmore particularly to the drawin the various views, V ings, a number of tubular casings I are con- 55 the heat exchanger to be built up of as many.

pairs of casings as are necessary to meet the required operating conditions. The outer periphery of each casing is formed at each end with a fiange t having its rear face 5 inclined to the outer surface of the casing to thereby form a recess adapted to be engaged by a clamping element. The inner surface of each casing adjacent each endis formed with a'number of lugs I5 projecting inwardly of the casing and forming a shoulder against which an annular collar 'I is adapted to bear. A number of rings 8 of packing material between which is located an annular lantern gland 9 arerpositioned within the cas- /ing against the collar 'I. Drainage orifices II) the return bends and the inlet and exit pieces are are formed in the wallsof the casing and communicate with the lantern gland. Positioned within the Icasing is Aa tube II supported by the collar I inspaced relationship with the casing and forming therewith an annular iluid conducting passageway. This tube passes through-the packing rings and lantern gland 9 and projects for a short distance as shown beyond each end 'of thecasing.

A return bend I2 having skirt portions I3 snuglyn fitting within the annular passageway formed by the casing and tube-and adapted to bear as a gland against the packing has each skirt portion formed with a peripheral ange I4 on its outer surface. vice formed by a split ring I 5 has one end formed with a ange I6 having an inclined inner face I'I adapted for engagement with a ange 5 of casing I. The opposite end of the clamping ring is formed with avfiange 21 carrying a number of threaded bolts I8 adapted tobear upon one face of the flange I4 of the returnbend I2. g

An entrance piece I9 having one end constructed in all respects similar to each end of the return bend is connected to one end of the heat exchanger whilean exit piece 20 similarly constructed is connected to the other end.

An inlet nozzle 2| is connected to theflrst of the series of casin'gs forming the h eat exchanger While an outlet nozzle 22 is connectedto the last of the series for passing liquid therethrough.

Y, I preferably form each endof a casing as a After thel parts of the exchanger have ybeen assembled in their proper relationship as shown,

subjected to suicient pressure by drawing up the bolts in the clamping devices to causethe skirt portions of each to compress the packing in the receptacles formed by the casing I, inner tube II, and lugs'. In this way a liquid tight seal is formed although such fluid as may leak through the packing can be readily drained therefrom through the orifices I0 communicating 'with the lantern gland 9. i

A sectional clamping detions by the addition or removal of sections as desired. I have also provided a heat exchanger whose various parts may be readily and quickly disassembled to permit cleaning ofV all .surfaces exposed tofluids passing therethrough. I have also provided a heat exchanger whose parts are free to expand or contract with varying temperatures thereby eliminating bending and distortion /of the tubes and the attendant disadvantages.

It will be understood that certain features andy sub-combinations are of utility and may be employed without reference to other features and sub-combinations. Thisl is contemplated by and is within the scope of my claims. It is further obvious that various changes may be made in details within the scope of my claims without departing from the spirit of my invention. It is, therefore, to be understood that my invention is not to be limited to the specic details shown and described.

Having thus described my claim is:

1. A heat exchanger comprising an outer casing, means forming a ilange on the outer surface of said casing adjacent one end thereof, means forming a shoulder on the inner surface of said casing adjacent said end, a collar abutting said shoulder means, an inner conduit member positioned within said casing and spaced therefrom by said collar, packing in said space, a gland slidably fitted between said casing and said inner conduit member, a flange on the outer surface of said gland and clamping means engaging anges onthe casing andthe gland for drawing said invention, what I casing and gland together and compressing saidv end, packing sealing each space between the casing and inner conduit member between said collars and the ends of said inner conduit member, a flange on the outer surface of said casing at' each end thereof, a gland slidably fitted between said casing and inner conduit member at each end, a flange formed on each of said glands and clamping means engaging a ange on said casing and a flange on the adjacent gland for drawing' said casing and glands together and compressing said packing against said collars.

3. A heat exchanger comprising a casing hav,- ing a peripheral ange at each end,n lugs positioned internally of the casing adjacent each end, openings in the casing wall area between the lug positions for admitting and withdrawing 'liquid from the casing, a collar abutting said lugs at each end, a tube supported internally of saidlcasing by said'collars, said casing and tube forming with each other an annular passageway, packing means positioned in the passageway between each end of the casing and the adjacent collar, tubular fluid conducting means enl -gaging the ends of said tube and snugly tted within the end portions of said passageway, pe-

ripheral flanges on said iiuid conducting means drawing saidl last mentioned members together casing and on said fluid conducting means for,

4. A heat exchanger as defined by claim 3, each packing means including rings of packing material, and an annular lantern gland interposed between said rings.

5. A heat exchanger as defined by claim 3, including drainage orifices formed in said casing communicating with that portion of the annular passageway containing said packing means.

6. A heat exchanger as deined by claim 3, the anges on said casing having their rear face inclined to the surface of said casing to form a recess therewith adapted to receive an engaging portion of said clamping means.

'7. A heat exchanger as defined by claim 3, said clamping means at each end comprising a plurality of flanged sections of a ring, two anges on each section, one of said anges on each said section having an inclined rear face adapting said ange for engagement with a recess formed by a flange on said casing, and the other of said flanges being provided with an adjusting screw adapted for engagement with the flange o one of said uid conducting means.

8. A heat exchanger comprising a plurality of pairs of nested tubes, means connecting adjoining ends of the outer tubes to form a continuous fluid passageway, means forming 4shoulders internally of each of said outer tubes, means surrounding said inner tubes and abutting said shoulder means, positioning each nested pair of tubes in concentric spaced relation whereby an annular passageway is formed, packing means in said passageway, return bends connecting adi joining ends of the inner tubes to form a continuous fluid passageway, said return bends each having annular skirt portions tted within the annular passageways, flanges formed on said outer tubes and said return bends and adjustable clamping means engaging the flanges on said outer tubes and said return bends for drawing said members together whereby said annular member, sealing means positioned in the space 'between said shoulder means and the adjacent end of said casing member for effecting a uidtight t between said casing member and said inner conduit member, a gland snu'gly fitted between said casing member and saidinner conduit member and bearing on said sealing means, a ange on the outer surface of said gland and clamping means engaging the flanges on the casing member and said gland for drawing said members together and pressing said sealing means against said shoulder.

10. A heat exchanger comprising an inner conduit member, an outer casing surrounding the same, said conduit member and casing forming a uid passageway therebetween, means 25 forming a shoulder projecting inwardly from the y inner surface of said casing adjacent each end,

a collar abutting the shoulder means at each end, packing sealing each space between the casing and inner conduit member between said collars and the ends of said inner conduit member, a iiange on the outer surface of said casing at each end thereof, a vgland slidably fitted between said casing and inner conduit member at each end, a ange formed on each of said glands and clamping means engaging a iiange on said casing and a flange on theadjacent gland for drawing said casing and glands together and compressing said packing against said collars.

JAMES B. FORBES.

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