US2039067A

US2039067A - Copper-antimony or copper-bismuth coated ferrous metals

Info

Publication number: US2039067A
Application number: US30339A
Authority: US
Inventors: Domm Elgin Carleton
Original assignee: National Standard Co
Current assignee: National Standard Co
Priority date: 1935-07-08
Filing date: 1935-07-08
Publication date: 1936-04-28
Anticipated expiration: 1953-04-28

Description

E. C. DOMM COPPER ANTIMONY OR COPPER BISMUTH COATED FERROUS METALS Filed July 8, 1955 jzverz 2 07". @272 @776 zrzjam 772,

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lllli ltli ll-h l atet ill - motor on corrrn nrsn euro tenuous intents o u t'iarleton ho l lilm, ch, ami -nor to iiatlo -utdard ilompany, lllilcs, lliiich, a

corporation oi ilhichiaan application liuly d, i035, denial Nil. timid myention relates to copper-coated ferrous metals and a method of preparing them, and more particularly to rubber-coated ferrous ob- .iects hag coppe'-antimony, copper-arsenic or copper-bismuth undercoatings.

in the production of steel objects, and particularly objects which are to be rubber-coated, it is necessary to secure very great adhesion to rubher. it has hitherto been attempted to electro-v plate alloys directly upon ferrous objects, but this presents extreme ertculues, inasmuch as it is essential to maintain the current density without the slightest variation. in connection with irregularly shaped articles such as motor mounts, in which the utmost in aesion'is required, such ormity is not ohtable by this method.

. it has now been discovered that a ferrous ob- ,iect y be plated with copper, d then y be plated with a thin coating of arsenic timony or both thereon. e neither the copper nor the arsenic antimony or bismuth have any subs h the copper d time copper d arsenic, and copper and bismuth, when plated separately upon each other, auect each other in some way, presbly by alloying, so that the metals, when rubber is vulcanzed thereon, eive tremendous adherence thereto. Motor mots so treated show an adherence scient to resist a stress of from 300 lbs. to over 000 lbs. per one inch without tearing. As a tter of fact, the timber will often be found to'rupture within itself rather than to p loose fro the etai.

m accordance with the intion, a ferrous object, such as a tor mount l, which is illustrated diaeraatic in-hrohen section in drawing, is electroplated with a coat of copper f, and a thin cos of arsenic anony or bismuth t is then plated thereon, after which a rubber coat i is o: 1 1 ed thereto. The deposition of the metals y be accoplished by elech'oplat, but it is preferred to treat the ferrous object with an acied solution of copper sulfate, whereby copr deposition is secured by ionic displacement. a satisfactory solution for this pse may be preparedin the proportions of a on. copper sulfate, l gallon of water, and flu allon ofm to acid.. The ferrous object is cl t: ed, asby acid, s-poper or sand-blast,

is then dipped into the solution for l-2 secin adherence to rubber by themselves;

. of the baths (i513. ib-$0.2)

tion of the copper by displacement from a solution of an appropriate electrolyte. in the case of antimony, a satisfactory electrolyte may be prepared by dissolving t on. of antimony trichloride in a mixture of 2 gallons of hydrochloric acid (40%) and 8 gallons ofwater. The article is 'ersed in this solution for a period of 1 to 3 seconds and is thengiven a cold water rinse. it is then promptly dried to prevent corrosion. Pref- V erably the drying is carried out by ersion for M a few seconds in a hath of boiling yvater, after which air-drying will take place rapidly enough to prevent corrosion.

in the case of bismuth, a satisfactory solution may be prepared in the proportions of 2 oz. of w sodi hisrnuthate, 2 oz. sodium chloride, galion concentrated murlatic acid and 5; gallon of warm water. The solution is thoroughly mixed and is then readyfor use. The article may be ersed from 3-10 seconds, is then treated m as in the case of the antimony-coated article.

In the case of arsenic, it is preferred to plate by substitution of arsenic for a portion of the copper, by displacement from a solution of an arsenic electrolyte. it satisfactory solution may be pre- 25 pared from 3 on. of sodium cyanide, oz. red

, corrosion.

it has been discovered that the concentration y M11 r Wl. m-1 rather wide limits without aflec s the rate of deposition of either an, the copper, antimony or bismuth. For example, the copper content may vary from 0 to 16 grams per liter, the arsenic from .i to 45 gram per liter, the antimony from 10 grams to 20 grams per liter, and the bismuth from 7.5 to 15 grains- M per liter with no substantial variation in. the rate of deposition. l i ersion of a ferrous article as described will produce a uniform copper cos. of .002 to .007" oz. of copper per square foot of area, the arsenic will plate a uniform w coat of about .00l to .005 ounce per square foot, the antimo bath will plate a uniform coating of about .005 0a. of antimony per square footand the bismuth solution be of the order of .l or. of bismu Following the plating treatment, the ferrous object is coated with rubber which is then vulcanized. In each case the use of a copper undercoat produces many times the adherence to rubber brought about by the use of the metal without the under-coat.

As used in this application, the term electroplating denotes any form of coating by electricity, whereas electrodeposition is used to denote ionic displacement. The rubber used for the coating material may be any suitable form of 1111)- ber, and these are well known to those skilled in the art.

The foregoing detailed description has been given for clearness of understanding only, and no unnecessary limitations should be understood therefrom, but the appended claims should be construed as broadly as permissible, in view of the prior art,

This application is a continuation in part of my copending application Ser. No. 706,736 filed J anuary 15, 1934.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. The method of producing a highly rubber adherent ferrous base object which comprises plating a thin layer of substantially pure copper thereon, and electroplating a layer of metal of the class consisting of arsenic, antimony and hismuth thereon, the layer being thin enough to alloy throughout with the copper under atmospheric temperature or the temperature of vulcanization, and adherently vulcanizing a coating of rubber thereto.

2. The method as set forth in claim 1, in which the second metal is arsenic.

3. The method as set forth in claim 1, in which the second metal is bismuth.

4. The method as set forth in claim 1, in which the second metal is antimony.

5. The method as set forth in claim 1, in which the thickness of the copper is of the order of .002 to .007 ounce per square foot of area.

6. The method as set forth in claim 1, in which the thickness of the arsenic antimony or bismuth is of the order of .001 to .005 ounce per square foot of surface.

7. The method as set forth in claim 1, in which the thickness of the copper is of the order of .002 to .007, and of the arsenic, antimony or bismuth is of the order of .001 to .005 ounce per square foot of area.

8. The method of claim 1, in which the double plated object, while still wet, is immersed in hot water, whereby it is rapidly dried without cor- 9. A ferrous highly rubber adherent base object comprising a ferrous base, a thin substantially pure copper layer thereon, a layer of metal of the class consisting of arsenic, antimony and bismuth on the copper, the layer being thin enough to alloy throughout with the copper under atmospheric temperature or the temperature of vulcanization, and a layer of rubber adherently vulcanized thereto.

10. A ferrous base object as in claim 9, in which the second metal is arsenic.

11. A ferrous base object as in claim 9, in which the second metal is antimony.

12. A ferrous base object as in claim 9, in which the second metal is bismuth.

13. An object as in claim 9, in which the object is a steel motor mount, and in which the thickness of the arsenic antimony or bismuth layer is of the order of .001 to .005 ounce per square foot of area.

14. An article as set forth in claim 9, in which the thickness of copper is of the order of .002 to .00! ounce per square foot of area.

15. An article as set' forth in claim 9, in which the thickness of the arsenic antimony or bismuth is of the order of .001 to .005 ounce per square foot of surface. r

16. An article as set forth in claim 9, in which the thickness of the copper is of the order of .002 to .007 and of the arsenic antimony or hismuth is of the order of .001 to .005 ounce per squarefoot of area.

17 The method of producing a highly rubber adherent ferrous base object which comprises electroplating a thin layer of substantially pure copper thereon, and electrodepositing a layer of metal of the class consisting of arsenic, antimony and bismuth thereon, the layer being thin enough to alloy throughout with the copper under atmospheric temperature or the temperature of vulcanization, and adherently vulcanizing a coating of rubber thereto.

18. The method of producing a highly rubber adherent ferrous base object which comprises electrodepositing a thin layer of substantially pure copper thereon, and electrodepositing a layer of metal of the class consisting of arsenic, antimony and bismuth thereon, the layer being thin enough to alloy throughout with the copper under atmospheric temperature or the temperature of vulcanization, and adherently vulcanizing a coating of rubber thereto.

19. The method of producing a highly rubber adherent ferrous base object which comprises electrodepositing a thin layer of substantially pure copper thereon, and electrodepositing a layer of metal of the class consisting of arsenic, antimony and bismuth thereon, the layer being thin enough toalloy throughout with the copper under atmospheric temperature or the temperature of vulcanization.

20. A ferrous base object comprising a ferrous base, a thin substantially pure copper layer thereon, a layer of metal of the class consisting of arsenic, antimony and bismuth on the copper, the layer being thin enough to alloy throughout with the copper under atmospheric temperature.

ELGIN CARLETON DOMM.