US2037243A - Paper machinery - Google Patents

Description

H. L, KUTTER PAPER MACHINERY April 14, 1936.

Filed April 8, 1933 Patented Apr. 14,' 1936 UNITED STATES PAPER MACHINERY Herman L. Kutter, Hamilton, Ohio, assignor to The Black-Clawson Company, Hamilton, Ohio,

a corporation of Ohio Application April 8, 1933, Serial No. 665,114

. 11 Claims.

This invention relates to paper making, and more particularly to paper making machines having provision for controlling the manner of depositing the bers in a forming paper web to 4 obtain a better commingling of the bers.

One of the principal objects of the invention is to provide means effective upon thestock flowing to the initial forming zone of a paper making machine to produce an effective interlacing of the fibers and a sheet of superior strength characteristics.

Another object of the invention is the provision of such means as is also effective to produce a sheet that is free of fuzziness by preventing an upending of fibers at formation.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from4 the following description,

the accompanying drawing, and the appended claims.

For purposes of description there is illustrated as a preferred embodiment of the invention a socalled cylinder machine having provision for accompllshing the objects as above set forth.

In the drawing,-

Fig. 1 is a side elevational View, partly in section, of a cylinder mold type of paper making machine having provision for carrying out the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1; Y

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; and

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary plan view.

To obtain a paper sheet that is to be considered of good quality as regards smoothness and strength it is essential that the fibers during web formation be effectively interlaced. During web formation the fiber positioning in the stock flow to the paper machine is influenced by movement of the forming surface relative to the direction of movement of the stock flow. This influence is manifested by a tendency for the fibers in suspension in the stock ow to be diverted from a random positioning into positions approaching alignment in the direction of travel of the forming surface.

This tendency is. particularly marked in a cylinder mold -type of paper machine wherein the stock iiow approaches the forming surface substantially radial or at an' obtuse angle thereto. Here a substantial portion of the web is formed within a relatively short space of movement of the forming surface and under conditions where the large volume stockl iiow encounters the surface while it is moving substantially perpendicular thereto. That is, the initial forming zone wherein the bulk of the web is formed is within that area where the relative movement is greatest and the fiber aligning tendency is strongest. Also, because of the substantially free iiow of stock to the screen, the initial forming zone may be limited to but a relatively narrow space adjacent the screen surface extending from the stock level to the vicinity of the weir over which the stock flows into the restricted channel that follows' the mold surface. In accordance with the present invention effective interlacing of the fibers in suspension under such conditions is provided for by means whereby the bers are given a random positioning so close to the forming surface that having been so positioned there is no opportunity for them to be rearranged before they are collected on the forming surface.

lApplicant prevents the occurrence of fiber alignment by the provision of means which serves to deflect or direct the course of movement of the fibers within the stock in such a manner that the bers in suspension are caused to assume random positionings in the flowing stock, so that they will not becomel relatively aligned as they are deposited on the moving forming surface. Effective ber interlacing in the forming web obtains by constructing the deiiecting means as a series of movable blades of such character that vigorous movement in a direction substantially transverse of the direction of screen movement is provided throughout the extent of the initial forming zone.

'I'he drawing, in which like characters of reference designate like parts throughout the several views thereof, shows a cylinder mold type of paper making machine comprising a mold or forming cylinder I having an axle shaft II for support of the mold upon suitable bearings within the vat I2. The vat has a wall I3 so arranged that a portion I4 serves to define a stock inlet area I5. The wall portion I4 terminates adjacent the mold I0 in a Weir I6 and then continues downwardly and around the mold in a curved portion Il. Stock is supplied to the vat so that it may flow through the inlet I5 and into contact with the forming surface or screen of the mold I0 as it rotates. Liquid passing through the forming surface during web formation may be withdrawn from the roll interior in any desired manner. As shown, an outlet I9 is provided. Excess material may pass from the vat at the opening 20 to be again recirculated.

Deflecting means, indicated generally by the numeral 22 are mounted adjacent the mold and are provided with driving means for imparting an oscillatory movement thereto so that the stock flow is given an effective movement to prevent ber alignment just as it comes into contact with the forming surface. The deflector is constructed`r of a plurality of closely spaced members extending across the entire mold face so that all portions of the stock flow are eiectively acted upon closely adjacent the screen in the initial forming zone. As shown, the deflector 22 comprises a plurality of vertically extending blades 23 which stand perpendicular to the roll axis and closely adjacent the forming surface. That edge of each blade which lies adjacent the forming surface is curved so that the deflector may operate close to the mold surface with a uniform space between the blades and the forming surface throughout the extent of the deflector. 'I'he deiiector blades stand in the path of stock flow from the inlet area I5 and, as shown, extend upwardly to substantially the top of the vat walls so that they are effective on the full depth of stock flow through the inlet. The lower ends of the blades may terminate adjacent the Weir I6 or may extend down within the restricted channel between the vatwall I1 and the mold surface as desired. The blade extent is such as to be at least effective throughout the initial forming zone and are spaced rather closely, for example, they are preferably spaced about one inch apart.

The blades 23 are assembled upon three rods 25 that are fixed to upstandingrigid members 26 at each end of the agitator. As shown, the blades are spaced by provision of sleeves 21 that are slidably received upon the rods 25. The rod ends are threaded as indicated at 28 and nuts 29 are provided so that the assembly of blades, rcds and spacing sleevesI may be securely held together. Screws 30 pass through the rigid members 26 and into the rods 25 for attachment of the rigid upstanding members 26 to the blade assembly.

The defiector is supported in position within the vat upon exible plates 32 which, as shown, are attached at their lower ends 33 to the vat walls. 'I'he upper ends of the flexible plates 32 are connected as indicated at 34 to the rigid members 26. The flexible plates 32 may be made from any suitable material. It has been found that bakelite possesses the necessary characteristics of strength and flexibility and is particularly suited for supporting the deector. Thev plates are proportioned of sufficient width to afford adequate support for the deflector, and are sufficiently thin that they may be flexed to permit the required oscillatory movement.

'Ihe deflector may be-operated from any suitable source of power incorporating a mechanism to impart an oscillatory movement. As shown, the deflector is driven from an electric motor 36 which stands upon a bracket 31 fixed to the vat l2. The motor 36 has built within it a reducing gear including a cross shaft 38 having an eccentric 39 thereon. The movement of the eccentric 39 is transmitted to the deiiector by provision of a bakelite connecting plate 42 fixed at 43 to one of the rigid members 26 and at its opposite end to a, drive connection 44 that is rotatably received upon the eccentric. The interiitting engagement of the eccentric and its drive Vconnection affords an adequate bearing surface to assure a smooth drive transmission. A speed regulating device such as the rheostat 45 may be incorporated in the power supply to the motor to regulate the rate of movement; a suitable operating range being from 30 to 120 strokes per minute.

Tini: def-lector mounting is such as to permit adjustment toward or away from the forming surface as desired. This movement is provided be-f tween the attached upper ends of the rigid members 26 and the upper ends of the corresponding flexible plates 32. As shown particularly in Figs. 2 and 3, the adjustable attachment of a rigid member 2E to its flexible plate is by `means of screws 46 through an intermediate block 43. The member 26 is slotted as indicated at 41 to receive the screws 46, which threadedly engage the block 48. Upon loosening these screws the defiector may be moved to the desired position and may then-be locked in place. Additional adjustment may be provided if desired by constructing the blades 23 with lateral slots where the rods 25 pass through them so that upon loosening the nuts 23 the blades 23 may be moved to a desired position and then be locked in place.

As the deflector is supported wholly within the confines of the vat walls, and the drive connection is over the top of the wall. the need for openings through the vat is obvlated and the possibility of leakage from such openings is eliminated.

The deflecting movement is smooth, noiseless, and free of shocks owing to the fact that there are no sliding or rotating parts in the support or drive mechanism which may become worn in service and thus, as a result of a loose interfitting of parts, impart shocks or irregular motion to the blades. The blade structure, by being supported upon the flexible plates, is free to move throughout the -extent of oscillatory travel and although it has this freedom of movement it is nevertheless adequately secured to the walls of the vat. The same condition exists in the drive wherein the flexible plate 42 permits complete freedom of movement while affording in effect a sufficiently rigid driving interconnection.

While the form of apparatus herein described constitutes a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to this precise form of apparatus, and that changes may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention which is defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

l. In a cylinder paper machine comprising a cylinder mold and a vat therefor, means for maintaining a body of stock at the mold surface comprising a wier, and means positioned in the stock flow and extending upwardly from the wier to the inlet stock level of the vat and forwardly to closely adjacent the screen in the initial forming zone with the portion of said means' which ls at the stock level extending very close to the mold surface and as close to the mold surface as the remaining part of said means for effecting a controlled positioning of the fibers to prevent them from assuming a parallel positioning as they flow onto the forming wire.

2. In a cylinder paper machine comprising a cylinder mold and a vat therefor, means for maintaining a body of stock at the mold surface comprising a wier over which the stock flows to the forming surface, and means movable in the stock for effecting a controlled positioning of the fibers to prevent them from assuming a parallel positioning as they iiow onto the forming surface, said movable means extending upwardly a substantialdistance above the level of the wier and comprising thin parallel blades extending in the direction of stock ow and terminating so closely adjacent the forming surface in the initial forming zone that the gap between the blades and the forming surface at the inlet stock level is a small fractional part of the gap between the wier and the forming surface, and means for moving said blades.

3. In a cylinder paper machine comprising a cylinder mold and a vat therefor, means for maintaining a body of stock at the moldsurface comprising a wier over which the stock flows to the forming surface, means movable in the stock for effecting a controlled positioning of the fibers to prevent them from assuming a parallel positioning as they flow onto the forming surface, said movable means comprising parallel blades extending parallel to the direction of ow from beyond the effective range of influence of the forming surface movement to closely adjacent the forming surface in the initial forming zone and extending from substantially the inlet stock level of the vat to the wier with the upper portions of the blade edges toward the forming surface being spaced very closely to the forming surface and at adistance therefrom no greater than the lower portions of the said blade edges, and means for moving said blades.

4. In a cylinder paper machine comprising a cylinder mold and a vat therefor, means in the vat for maintaining a body of stock at the mold surface comprising a wall having a wierover winch the stock flows to the forming surface, and means movable in the stock for eiectn'g a controlled positioning of thev fibers to prevent them from assuming a parallel positioning as they flow onto the forming surface, said movable means comprising parallel vertical blades positioned perpendicularly to the axis of rotation of the cylinder mold, said blades extending downwardly from substantially the stock level to adjacent the wier and beginning beyond the effective range of influence of the cylinder mold movement and terminating in curved edges very closely adjacent the mold screen in the initial forming zone beyond the wier with the upper portions thereof at least as close to the mold surface as the lower portions thereof, and means for imparting an oscillatory movement to said blades.

5. Ina paper machine having a forming surface and a stationary part, deecting means movable in the stock flow adjacent the forming surface, said defiecting means comprising a movable portion, supporting means therefor comprising flexible members xed to the movable portion of the defiecting means and to the stationary part of the machine, and driving means lonnected te;5 thei movable portion of the deectg means or mpartin an o ment thereto. g scm'atory move 6. In a paper machine having a forming surface and a stationary part, defiecting means movable in the stock flow adjacent the forming surface, said defiecting means comprising a movable portion, supporting means therefor comprising flexible members fixed to the movable portion of the deflecting means and to the stationary part of the machine, and driving means therefor comprising a rotatable shaft, an eccentric on said shaft, a member rotatably mounted on said eccentric, and a flexible plate fixed to said rotatable member and to the movable portion of the deflecting means to impart an oscillatory movementv thereto upon rotation of said shaft.

7. In a paper machine having a forming surface and a stationary part, deiiecting means movable in the stock flow adjacent the forming surface, said deiiecting means comprising a movable portion, supporting means therefor comprising parallel flexible plates positioned at each end of the movable portion and having one end of each plate fixed thereto, said plates having the opposite ends fixed to the stationary part of the machine, and driving means connected to the deilecting means for imparting an oscillatory movement thereto.

8. In a paper machine having a cylindrical forming surface and a vat therefor, deiiecting means movable in the stock ow adjacent the forming surface, said deecting means comprising a movable portion and upstanding rigid mem-- bers at each end of the movable portion, supporting means therefor comprising flexible plates positioned substantially parallel with the rigid members and fixed at their upper ends thereto, said flexible plates being attached at their lower ends to the vat, and driving means connected to one of said rigid members for imparting an oscillatory movement to said agitator.

9. In a paper machine comprising a cylindrical forming surface and a vat therefor, deiiecting means positioned adjacent the forming surface and movable in the stock flow to said forming surface, said deiiecting means comprising a movable portion positioned within and extending across the vat, said movable portion terminating in upstanding rigid members extending above the lvat 25 walls, a supporting member attached to the upper end of each rigid member and extending downwardly, the lower ends of each supporting member being mounted on said vat, driving means for imparting an oscillatory movement to said deiiecting means, and a driving connection interconnecting the'deecting means to said driving means. the attachment of the supporting members and the drivingfconnection being above the vat wall whereby agitator operation is afforded through connections wholly outside of the vat.

10. In a paper machine having a forming surface adapted for rotation within a vat, deilecting means movable in the stock flow adjacent the forming surface, said deilectfng means comprising a movable portion extending across the forming surface and terminating in upstanding rigid members, supporting means for said deflector comprising flexible plates attached to the inside of the vat and extending upwardly substantially parallel with said rigid members, and a pivotal connection between the upper ends of the rigid members and the flexible plates, said'detlector and supporting means standing wholly within the confines of the vat.

11. In a cylinder paper machine comprising a cylindrical forming surface and a vat therefor,

deilecting means positioned within the vat adjacent the forming surface and movable in the stock flow to said forming surface, said deflecting -means comprising a plurality of parallel vertical blades standing perpendicularly to the axis of v porting means for the deiiectorand attached rigid members comprising flexible plates fixed to the rigid members and to a stationary part of -the machine, and means for imparting an oscillatory movement to the deflecting means.

HERMAN L. KU'I'I'ER.

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