US2036520A - Folded and pressed ring - Google Patents

Description

April 7, 1936. P. J. zGERALb 2,036,520

FOLDED AND PRESSED RING Filed June 18, 1954 s Sheets-Sheet 1 WITNESSES: fi 4 Fm. 0" INVENTOR:

Patric/f H'Zfjgera/d BY A TTORNE Y April 1936- I P. J. FITZGERALD 2,036,520

FOLDED AND PRESSED RING Filed June 18, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 E6 INVENTOR:

1f a la Pa r/cA' j F12, jgera A TTORNEY April 7, 1936. P, J. FITZGERALD FOLDED AND PRESSED RING Filed June 18, 1934 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 WITNESSES:

wiizw A TTORNEYS.

Patented Apr. 7, 1936 PATENT OFFICE FOLDED AND PRESSED RING Patrick J; Fitzgerald, Torrington, Conn.

Application -June-: 18, 1934, Serial No. 731,106

7' Claims.

toiringsiwhichh'ave heretofore been-:made by sawing sectionsiroma solidt'shaft, and drilling and machiningrthesection-to, produce: the ring. Such rings,;are,-:of quite general utility; but at'the present time, apparently find their greatest field as valve seats in internal combustionengines; and so far; asyanyr description of utilityis concerned in the-present:- application; will; be so designated, it being understood, however; that ithiS is no limitation-:uponthe invention.

Aifurther objectofthe invention is to provide a ring; folded and: pressed by die stamping from sheet'pmetalwor the: like; .in; such form thatithe completediring has theappearance and utility; of

aisolid ring; ,with' added features of response-to temperatures, utilized principally in shrinking the ring into position;

A=further object'ofthe invention is to provide a method of makinga ring-i whereby a sheet of metal is die stamped in theshapaof a washer and later, by -subsequent steps, die-pressedinto the form: of; airing; the :radial thickness: of which is substantially double the thicknessof-the sheet.

- metal -from.-which itis-produced.

7 As further object of the invention is' to provide a-ring having an inset extending beyond the margins-of theafolded ring proper and adapted to form atvalve seat-or the like.

The. invention, therefore, comprises a: ring, which-consists of a stamping from a sheet of metal, in the shape of an annulus or. awasher, which has the outer perimeter contracted to form I a,flange,.while the-inner parts have been expandedio-ward-theflange formed. by the outer thesmetal oi'thewringmroper: flowed into recessesformediin the inserted ring: or other-irregularities whereby the inserted' ring has additional anchorage, which saidinserted ring may in some instances extend to and cover the adjacent edges of the inner and/orouter flange.

The-drawings illustrate; several embodiments ofthei'nvention and the method of making the same and the views therein are as follows:

Figurel'is a perspective view of the initial step This inventionre1ates.;.to ringstand especially showing an annulus or washer cut from a sheet. of material,

Figure 2 is a view partly in side elevation and partlyin diametrical section of the first stepaccomplished by, the use of adie press wherein the- 5- perimeter. of the-washer has been upset approximately toright anglesto its original plane and contracted, and the inner part hasbeen also upset and expanded,

Figure 3 is a view partlyin side elevation and partly in section of. the next succeeding step whereby the outer flange has been pressed to substantial cylindricity and the'inner part. folded nearer to the outer flange,

Figure 4 is a view in plan, as indicated by-arrow- 4 at Figure 3, but with no section removed,

Figure 5 is a View similar to Figure 3, but with an additional ring inserted between the outer flange and the inner flange;

Figure 6 is a view in elevation of the type shown at Figure 5, but with no section removed,

Figure 7 is a, view partly in elevation and partly in diametrical section of the completion of the pressing operation,

Figure 8 is a view in elevation .of the step shown at Figure 7, but with no section removed,

Figure 9 is a viewpartly in elevation and partly in diametrical section of the completion of the pressing with the inserted ring,

Figure 10 is a view. in plan of the type shown at Figure 9, but with no section removed,

Figure 11 is a perspective. view partly in section showing the machining employed for finishing the type of ring shown .at Figure 7,

Figure. 12 is a perspective view of the machiningfor finishing; the type of ring showniat Fig,- ure 9 and showingafurther step to produce a. valve seat,

Figure 13 is a perspective view partly in section showing a different type of inserted ring,

Figure 14 is a perspective view partly in sec tion, showing stillanother type of inserted ring,

Figure 15 is a perspective view partly in sectionofa different type of inserted ring,

Figure 16 is a perspective view partly in sec 5 tionof the ring which is insertedsas shown at Figure 15, and

Figures 17, 1.8 and 19,.are, respectively, fragmentary views showing slight. modifications of the ring shown at Figure 16 and the flowing. of the metal of the principal ring into recesses formed in the inserted ring.

Like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

The ring, which, formsthe subject-matter of this application, can best be explained in terms of method of making, in which the first step, as indicated at 28 in Figure 1, is the forming of an annulus or washer by stamping from a sheet of metal in substantially the usual and ordinary manner.

After such stamping, the washer is inserted into a die press and the outer perimeter is folded upwardly to form a flange 2| and the inner edge is also folded upwardly to form an inner flange 22.

The next step is to fold the outer flange to substantial cylindricity, as indicated at 23 in Figure 3, and the inner flange is folded more nearly to the edge of the outer flange and nearer to the inner wall of the flange 23, as indicated at 24 in Figures 3 and 4. At this stage a ring 25 may be inserted between the parts 23 and 24, g as shown at Figures 4 and 5.

This ring 25 is intended to be of metal, having greater coefficient of expansion than the metal 28, of which the main ring is constructed, the utility of which willbe hereinafter more fully explainedf" I I Subsequent to the step shown at Figure 13, a further die pressing will maintain the position of the flange 23 but the inner flange is pressed outwardly against the flange 23, as shown at 26. When, however, the ring 25 has been inserted, the position of the inner flange will be as shown at 21 in Figures 9 and 10.

The great pressure which will be exerted by the die press will substantially flow the flanges 23 and 26 into a unitary structure, but, of course, a cleavage will be, shown, as indicated at 28 in Figure '7, and when the ring 25 is inserted, the flanges 23 and 2! will substantially flow into a unitary structure with such ring 25.

After the. completion of the pressing, as indicated at Figures 7 and 9, the ring will be completed to its form of usefulness by grinding at 29 and 38 to produce sides substantially smooth and substantially at right angles to the axis of the ring.

7 When the ring 25 is in place a similar grinding will be employed so that the side 3|, which will actually. show the edge of the ring 25, will be finished to such an extent that therewill be no apparent cleavage between the flanges 23, 21 and the ring 25. V H

At Figure 12, a taper or bevel 32 is shown, which will particularly fit this ring so machined for use as a valve seat.

Instead of the ring 25, which is a plain band, in some conditions and for some purposes, a ring such as shown at Figure 13 is employed, having a transverse T-shape, the stem of. which is dove-tailed, as shown at 33, and the head 34 of such proportion as to entirely cover the combined edges of the inner and outer flanges.

This may be of metal harder than the material of the ring itself, or possess other properties more particularly fitting it for its utility, whatever that may be. When used for valve seats for an internal combustion engine, it would be metal having heat resisting qualities. For other pur poses, it might possess other features of advan- Instead of the T-shape, as shown at Figure 13, a ring L-shaped in cross section may be substituted, one leg of which, 35, is enclosed between the flanges of the pressed ring, whilethe other leg 36 is finally machined down to the plane of the outer. flange.

As a different type of ring, there is shown at Figure 16 one having a groove 31 with perforations 38. When such a ring is inserted betweenthe flanges during the die pressing operation, the metal of the ring proper will flow into the groove 31, as shown at Figure 15, and also into the perforations 38.

At Figure 17 the flowing of the metal into the perforations 38 is more particularly shown.

At Figure 18 a ring 39 is shown having an external groove 48 and an internal groove 4|. This would be the same purpose as above outlined, by the metal of the ring proper flowing into the grooves of the inserted ring during the pressing operation.

At Figure 19 the inner flange is made relatively short, as shown at 42, providing a step or shoulder upon whch is seated the ring 43. Several of the types of rings shown are intended to at times, as circumstances may make desirable, have the auxiliary rings fused into the folded ring, and Figure 19 is shown as an example of this structure, wherein 44 indicates a flux from the fusing, which has flowed downwardly between the flanges, and whereby the entire structure is welded into an integer with, of course, that part represented by the ring 43 of different metal than the folded ring.

At the present time it is the practice in the making of such rings for use as valve seats for internal combustion engines, to provide the seat itself of very hard material. the material used for this purpose is known as stellite. The invention, however, is not limited to any material' under any particular tradename, nor is the invention limited to an auxiliary ring of harder material than the foldedring, as it is of such nature as to adapt itself to a great variety of uses and should it be found desirable to use an auxiliary ring of a wholly different metal or alloy, or of a softer metal, such use is Within'the scope of the present invention.

e In all of the types shown in the various figures, the great pressure exerted by the die press substantially flows the parts into unity, but with, of course, a cleavage which can be found even after machining, although practically invisible. In any case, the ring so constructed can be made much more cheaply and rapidly than the rings now produced, cut from a shaft, drilled and machined, and by reason of the construction, especially the insertion of the ring having the greater coefficient of expansion, will maintain itself seated by shrinking more firmly than rings constructed of solid material. Notwithstanding the apparent solidity of the ring, there is a certain amount of yielding in the unfused ring which is not present in the solid structure, while the fused type forms a structure in all respects the equal of the present ring made from the solid rod.

Of course, the ring illustrated may be modified and changed in various ways without departing from the invention herein set forth and hereinafter claimed.

I claim:-

1. A ring consisting of inner and outer cylindrical flanges substantially coextensive and connected together along one side and finished to the required surfaces and angles.

2. A ring comprising inner and outer cylindrical flanges having a ring inserted between said flanges, the material of said inner and outer flanges forming with said inserted ring a solid unitary structure, which said structure is finished to the required dimensions.

3. A ring comprising inner and outer adjacent flanges, a ring between said'flanges, said ring At the'present time having recesses therein with the material of the inner and outer flanges occupying the recesses and forming a solid unitary structure, with finished parts and angles to meet the requirements of the ring.

4. A ring comprising inner and outer adjacent flanges, and an auxiliary ring associated with and fused to said outer and inner flanges.

5. A ring comprising inner and outer adjacent flanges, and an auxiliary ring applied to the flanged ring and fused to form a complete weld with and between said flanges.

6. A ring comprising inner and outer metallic flanges, and a ring interposed between said flanges, said last mentioned ring being of a metal having a different coeflicient of expansion from the metal of the flanges, said flanges and ring therebetween constituting a solid unitary structure.

'7. A ring of the character described comprising inner and outer metallic flanges integrally connected together at one side, and a ring of metal of a higher coeflicient of expansion than the metal of the flanges inserted between the flanges, said flanges and inserted ring constituting a solid unitary structure.

PATRICK J. FITZGERALD.

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