US2036239A - Threshing machine - Google Patents

Description

April 7, 1936.

J. SUWALKOWSKI THRESHING MACHINE Filed Dec. 19, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.

ATTRNEY.

April 7, 1936., J.SUWALKOWSKI THRESHING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. l9, 1934 I N VE N TOR.

Joseph 1521 waZ/ra win" J ATTOR Y.

A ril 7, 1936. J. SUWALKOWSKII THRESHING MACHINE Filed Dec.- 19, 1954 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 m T A E v m up}: Guwczlirawak ATTORNE Aprii 7, 1936. :J suw ows 2,036,239

THRESHING MACHINE Filed Dec. 19, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Gig- 6.

Jig 7.

INVENTOR. Jbagb/z 5a waI/ra wslu' Ba 6 ATTORNg.

iii.

Hit

hilt

attests rmansmnc mac Application December 19, 193i, Serial No. 758.20%

6 iiliaims. (iDIl. l3il'-2'l) This invention relates to threshing machines.

fin object is to provide a comparatively small threshing machine of a simple and inexpensive construction, adapting it for profitable use in threshing a quantity of produce inadequate to warrant transportation of the usual large machine.

Another object is to associate with the beater d of a threshing machine a concave having an improved provision for screening out waste material, and having a sectional construction facilitating its adjustment to and from the drum, to accommodate the mechanism to different sizes and varieties of produce.

A further object is to provide a vibratory grating on which straw or other waste material may discharge from the beater drum, and to dispose such grating above a shaker frame receiving the thrashed values, so that any portion of the latteraccompanying the waste material to the grating will be delivered through the latter to the shaker frame.

it. further object is to provide a threshing machine with an auxiliary hopper for receiving grain or the like that has been already threshed, and requires merely to be freed of dirt or other foreign matter, said hopper delivering such material to the screens of the machine without subjecting it to the beater drum.

Still'another object is to maintain an air blast beneath the shaker frame, for removing such hulls or other waste particles as pass through the grating and through the screens of such frame.

A still further object is to equip a threshing machine with a feed board covering the machine when not in use and adjustable to a position at one side of the main hopper to receive produce to be threshed.

These and various other objects the invention attains by the construction hereinafter described, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a view in elevation of the side of the machine.

Fig. 2 is an elevational view of the other side.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical sectional elevation.

Fig. 4- is a vertical cross section upon the line ii--t of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a vertical cross section on t-% of Fig. 3. I

Figs. 6 and 7 are fragmentary perspective views of twoalternate bars of the beater drum.

in these views, the reference character i designates a rectangular housing formed preferably of sheet metal, reinforced by a suitable frame 2 of wood or steel, and preferably mounted on wheels 3.

Within the forward portion of said housing, a

beater drum i is mounted fast on a shaft 5 transverse to the machine. This shaft projects exteriorly of the housing and carries at one end a drive pulley ii, to which power may be applied through a belt ta from any suitable source. The heater drum comprises the usual spiders i and parallel breaker bars 3 at the drum periphery, and the outer edges of the latter are formed with closely adjacent diagonal notches 9, throughout the length of the bars, these notches having sufi cient width and depth to receive a stalk of grain. The inclination of the notches to the bar length is preferably reversed on alternate bars, as best appears in Figs. 6 and 'l.

Forwardly spaced from and partially encircling nels i i, and conforming to the arcuate curvature of the concave. For adjustably supporting the concave, the hinge rod if is supplemented by apair of parallel supporting rods it and it respectively engaging the upper edge of the upper section and the lower edge of the lower section. The rods i l and iii extend through slots it in the sides of the housing i, and are mounted exteriorly of the housing in collars i'l. Each of these collars is carried by a horizontal rod it extending from the frame 2 and longitudinally adjustable in said frame by means of nuts it. Each rod it is engaged by a slide bearing it, supported on the frame 2 by a vertical rod 2i, and each collar it may carry a pointer i la adapted to traverse a row of gauge markings ill) on the adjacent rod it so as to furnish an accurate indication of the clearance between the breaker bars t and channel irons ii of the concave. In adjusting the concave, its sections maybe relatively iii swung on the hinge pin it, or the sections may housing '1! a floored compartment 25 having its floor approximately level with the shaft 5. The rear hopper plate 24 partially covers said compartment, leaving a suflicient upward opening, however, to permit an operator to occupy (as indicated in Fig. 3) a seat 26 on the rear top portion of the frame, said compartment accommodating the legs of such operator.

To one side of the frame 2 at the top thereof, a feed board 21 is hinged as indicated at 28, and may occupy the cover-forming position indicated in Fig. 4-. or the laterally projecting position shown in Fig. 5, being supported in the latter position by a brace bar 29 hinged at one end to the feed board, and terminally notched at its other end to engage one of the horizontal frame bars. The produce to be threshed will be thrown on the feed board, and may be readily delivered therefrom to the hopper by an occupant of the seat 26.

Straw discharging from the beater drum is delivered to a grating 30 extending rearwardly from the lower edge of the concave, at a slight downward inclination, and comprising elongated bars, spaced transversely of the machine to form passages just wide enough to accommodate any grain or other values that may be mixed with the straw. This grating is mounted for forward and back oscillation on a pair of wide cranks 3|, formed upon shafts 32 and 33 journaled on the frame 2. The shaft 33 is formed at one of its ends with an upstanding arm 34 connected by a pitman 35 with a crank pin 36 on a pulley 31. The latter is fast on a shaft 38, extending through the compartment 25, and driven through a belt 39 and pulleys 40 and 4| from the shaft 5.

The grating 36 projects rearwardly of the housing and into a straw discharge duct 42 which opens rearwardly from the housing. A blower 43 disposed in the rear portion of the compartment 25 discharges rearwardly and downwardly through a pipe 430. into the duct 42, adding considerable velocity to the discharge of straw through the duct. Said blower is driven from the shaft 38 through a belt 44 and pulleys 45 and 45a.

Suspended from the floor of the compartment 25 and spaced above the grating 30 is a canvas curtain 46, reinforced and weighted by one or more metal bars 46a, and serving to block eecape to the duct 42 of such grain or other values as may be so forcibly discharged from the beater drum as to clear the grating. Said curtain will yield readily, however, under pressure of any accumulation of straw between it and the drum.

Beneath the grating 30, and extending the full length of the housing is. a shaker frame comprising a pair of side bars 41, respectively in close proximity to the respective side walls of the housing I, and rigidly connected at suitable points by cross bars 48. Between the concave and the front wall of housing I, there is formed a chamber '49, into which grain or other values may pass through the openings between the wires I3. A bottom for this chamber is formed by a sheet metal plate 50, carried by and extending across the shaker frame and corrugated transversely of said frame. Extending from this plate to the front end of the shaker frame is a screen 5|, to which the corrugations of the plate tend to deliver such grain or the like as enters the chamber 49. Thus, said corrugations have substantially vertical rear walls and gradually inclined front walls, so that the grain may be driven rearwardly as the plates are shaken, but is restrained from forward movement. (See Fig. 3).

The shaker frame is carried by two pairs of arms 52, each pair being fast on a shaft 53, journaled. above and transversely of said frame. Fast on an end of one of such shafts, exteriorly of the housing I is an arm 54 adapted to be rocked by a pitman 55, driven from the pulley 4|, as best appears in Fig. 2.

The shaker frame also carries a screen 56 spaced beneath the screen 5|, and. having a lesser forward extent than the latter, and a second sheet metal plate 51, corrugated similarly to the plate 50, extends forwardly from the rear edge of the screen 56 and is bent up at its front edge, as indicated at 51a, to meet the rear edge of the plate 59. (See Fig. 3). Both screens 5| and 56 are preferably of the same mesh, and are removable and replaceable by screens of some other mesh, when required by the size of the kernels to be screened.

The bottom of the housing I is formed in its forward portion with a trough 58, extending the full width of the bottom, and is gradually downwardly inclined from its ends to said trough. In said trough are removably fitted spaced upper and lower screens 59 and 60, the upper screen having a mesh resisting passage of the threshed produce, unless broken, and the lower screen having a finer mesh, allowing escape of sand or other fine refuse, but retaining broken produce. A spout 6| laterally projects from one side of the housing, at the level of the screen 59 for discharging threshed produce, and at its other end the trough has a spout 62, level with the screen 60 for discharging broken produce. The screen 59 is removable and replaceable so that its mesh may be suited to the size of the kernels to be screened.

A blower 63, carried by the frame 2 at the rear thereof, discharges forwardly, through an outlet 64 into the housing I, just above the bottom thereof. The blast from this blower entrains such hulls and light refuse as the screens 5| and 56 fail to reject, and discharges the same from the housing through a duct 65 forwardly projecting from said housing. Said blower is driven from the pulley 31 through a belt 66 engaging a pulley 61 on the blower shaft.

Above this duct, there is installed a hopper 8, opening through the front wall of the housing I, so as to discharge material on the corrugated plate 50. The passage through said hopper is normally closed by a vertical slide plate 69, which may be held selectively elevated by a pin Ill, engageable with the frame through any of a vertical row of apertures II in said plate.

In use of the described machine, the beater drum is rapidly driven in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 3. The stalks of grain (or the like) delivered to said drum from the hopper 22 are whirled violently through the restricted passage between the drum and concave, the breaker bars 8 and channel irons coacting to release from said stalks the kernels of grain (or the like), and to separate the latter from their hulls or pods. Most of the released kernels are The latter Broken grain passes through thescreen 59 to 75 accumulateon the screen it and finally disc 1 1. by way of the spout t2.

Such refuse as is trapped by the screens til and'tt is delivered, due to operation of the. shaker frame to the rear end of said screens and thence 7 into the duct d2.

The ejector action of the blower ti aids in effecting travel of refuse materialfrom the grating ill and screens at and 56 to the duct ti.

Any grain that is swept up from the floor or for other reason requires recleaning may be delivered to the hopper ti and thus rescreened, without being rethreshed.

The stalks, straw, or other waste are restrained by the wires l3 from passage through the concave and are delivered rearwardly by the beater drum to the grating it from which they discharge at the rear of the machine. Any grain or the like finding its way to said grating readily passes between the bars thereof and then through the screens fill and'fifi. The described threshing machine is of much simpler construction than those in present day use and may be built at a sufficiently low cost to render its use profitable for handling crops not large enough to warrant purchase or rental of present day machines.

The term grain in the following claims designates any natural produce, and the term straw designates any stalks, vines or other ma terial, from which such produce requires separation. 1

While it is apparent that the illustrated embodiment'of my invention is well calculated to adequately fulfill the objects and advantages primarily stated, it is to be understood that the invention is susceptible to variation, modification and change within the spirit and scope of the subjoined claims.

What I claim is: i

1. In a threshing machine, a housing, a rotary beater drum and coacting concave within the housing, a hopper opening downwardly into the housing for delivering material to the drum and concave, the housing being formed with an operators compartment adjacent to the hopper, and a feed board hinged to the housing and laterally projecting from the housing in one position, to receive material for delivery to the hopper, and forming a cover for the hopper and operators compartment, in another position.

2. A threshing machine comprising a housing, a rotary beater drum and coacting concave within the housing, a hopper for delivering material to the beater drum and concave, means for receiving straw from the beater drum and delivering it to an end of the housing, means for receiving and screening the threshed grain, and a second hopper providing for delivering grain to said screening means independently of the drum and concave.

3 In a threshing machine, as set forth in claim 1, a brace bar hinged at one end to said feed board, and engageable at its other end with said housing, in the laterally projecting position of said board, to maintain such position.

4. In a threshing machine, a housing having an inlet in its top for material to be threshed, and a feed board hinged to the housing and laterally projecting, in one position, from the housing to receive material for delivery to said inlet, and

forming a cover for said inlet, in another position.

5. A threshing machine comprising a housing having at one end thereof an outlet for straw, a rotary beater drum and coacting concave within the housing a hopper for delivering material to the beater drum and concave, means for receiving straw from the beater drum and delivering it to said outlet, means for receiving and screening the threshed grain, and a second hopper ophaving at one end thereof an outlet for straw, a

rotary beater drum and coacting concave within the housing, a hopper opening in the top of the housing for delivering material to the beater drum and concave, means for receiving straw from the beater drum and delivering it to said outlet, a screen beneath the last-named means, a shaker irame carrying the screen, a plate car-' ried by the shaker frame and positioned beneath the concave for receiving grain from and through the concave and delivering it to the screen, means for agitating the shaker frame, and a sec ond hopper opening into the other end of the housing above said plate for discharging material to said plate independently of the drum and concave.

JOSEPH SUWALKOWSKI.

Images