US2034166A - Sanctuary lamp - Google Patents

Description

March 17, 1936. H. c. WILL ET AL SANCT UARY LAMP Filed March 7, 1932 Patented Mar. 17, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE SANCTUARY LAMP Howard 0. Will and Oscar W. Oberlander, Syracuse, N. Y., assignors to Will & Baumer Candle Company, 1110., Syracuse, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application March 7, 1932, Serial No. 597,226

20 Claims. (Cl. 240-13) This invention relates to improvements in being consumed during the process of burning sanctuary lamps and pertains more particularly that portion of the candle contained within the to the construction and operation of the supportchimney. ing base or holder and the chimney. In order that the lower portion of the candle In lamps of the above-mentioned class wherein extending into the base below the chimney may 5 a candle of relatively large cross-sectional area be entirely consumed, we have provided the base and having a wick of relatively small cross-secor holder for the candle with heat-radiating tional area is mounted on a supporting base and means adapted to transmit heat developed by enclosed in a glass case or chimney, and when the flame at the center of the candle to the pethe base or holder and chimney are constructed ripheral surface of the base or holder for main- 10 in the conventional manner, a portion of the wax taining a substantially uniform degree of temmelted during the process of burning the candle perature throughout the entire area of the base is solidified as it comes in contact with the chim- 0r holder. ney due to the relatively cool temperature of the Other objects and advantages relating to the surrounding atmosphere being conducted by the operation of the structure and the form and 1'6- 15 chimney to the interior thereof and thus leaving lation of the parts thereof, will more fully appear a layer of solidified wax on the inside of the from the following description, taken in connecchimney as the candle is consumed. A layer of tion with the accompanying drawing in which:- solidified wax also forms on the interior of the Figure 1 is a longitudinal Vertical sectional base of the lamp due to the relatively cool deview of a sanctuary lamp embodying the various 20 gree of temperature of the wall thereof as the features of this invention.

lower end of the candle is being consumed, all Figure 2 is a transverse sectional view taken of which produces a waste of material and shortin the plane of the line 2-2, Figure 1. ens the period of usefulness of the candle. Figure 3 is a perspective view of our novel The main object of this invention is to incandle holder or auxiliary base. 25 crease the efiicacy of a sanctuary lampby con- Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional view taken structing such a lamp in a manner that all of the in the plane of the line 44, Figure 1. wax of a candle will be consumed during the proc- Figure 5 is a fragmentary vertical sectional View ess of burning. of the base and lower portion of the chimney Another object is to provide means whereby the illustrating the relative position of the base, 3

candle and chimney will be assembled and mainchimney and candle when the holder is not being tained in a predetermined relation. used.

In carrying out the objects of this invention, As illustrated in the drawing, our lamp comwe have provided the lamp with a chimney prises a cup-shaped main base I, preferably cirwhich is composed of a pair of Walls arranged cular in plan View, and having the upper edge 35 one within the other and in transverse spaced thereof rolled outwardly to form an annular lip relation to form a vacuum or dead air space 2 which is provided with a plurality of, in this which, because it is a non-conductor of heat, instance four, apertures 3 arranged in uniform will maintain a uniform temperature within the circumferential spaced relation for receiving the 40 chimney and thereby effect a more uniform lower end of a like number of supporting chains 40 burning of the candle under widely varying deor cables 51 which may have their upper ends segrees of temperature of the outside or surroundcured together or to a common ring or hook not ing atmosphere. shown, for supporting the lamp in a suspended Furthermore, by providing a chimney which, position. due to its particular construction is a non-con- The bottom 6 of the base I extends inwardly 45 ductor of heat, the temperature within the from the peripheral wall as l and at substanchimney above the candle, will not only remain tially right angles thereto, a relatively short disuniform during the burning of the candle, but tance to form an annular flange 8, while the rethat temperature will be substantially the equivamainder and central portion of the base is exlent of the temperature of the flame so that the tended downwardly from the flange in circular 50 upper end of the candle will be maintained in stepped formation for receiving and supporting a molten state throughout the cross-sectional the bottom end 0 of the candle C. area thereof thereby preventing a layer of so- The flanged portion 8 of the base I is provided lidified wax forming on the interior of the chimwith a pair of diametrically opposed pendent ney which results in all of the wax of the candle headed pins III which are adapted to extend 55 through suitable apertures I I arranged in diametrically opposed relation in an inwardly extending flange I2 provided on the upper end of a sub-base or stand I3 which may be of any desired formation for supporting the lamp when not being held the suspended position by the chains #1.

; The apertures II in the stand I3 each have one side thereof extended to .form an elongated slot I4 of less diameter than the head of the pins Iii, but adapted to receive said pins therein for removably maintaining the stand I3 in contact wit-h the base I.

An open end tubular receptacle wall and chimney I6, preferably composed of glass or other suitable transparent or transluent material, has its lower end extended within the peripheral wall of the base E and seated upon the flanged portion 8 of the bottom 6 (see Figure 5) so as to form with the base, a receptacle entirely surrounding the candle.

The upper end of the chimney extends a short distance above the upper end of the candle C and is tapered inwardly to form an aperture I? in the upper end of the chimney of somewhat less diameter than that of the candle C to form a ventilating chimney. The chimney IS, in this instance, is formed of two tubular members I9 and 20 of different diameters which are positioned one within the other, and the ends of the tubes are joined together in any suitable manner as by fusing, for maintaining the. walls of the tubes in substantially uniform fixed spaced relation so that a vacuum or dead air space 2I is provided between the tubes which is a non-conductor of heat and which renders the chimney impervious to the temperature of the surrounding atmosphere and thereby maintains a uniform temperature within the chimney, the degree of which is determined by the flame of the burning candle. In other words, by providing a vacuum or dead air space as ZI in the wall of the chimney, the temperature of the interior of the chimney will not be affected by the temperature of the outside or surrounding atmosphere, whether the surrounding atmosphere be cold or warm, or during changes thereof from one condition to another. This will not only maintain a uniform temperature of the atmosphere within the chimney, but will maintain the atmosphere in the chimney above the candle at substantially the temperature of the flame, thereby causing a uniform melting of the wax and maintaining a uniform coating of the molten wax over the entire upper end of the candle which will neither solidify nor collect on terial.

the inner wall of the chimney as the candle is being consumed.

In order that the chimney and candle may be assembled in predetermined relation, we have provided the candle C with a longitudinal slot or groove 23 which extends the entire length of the candle in the peripheral face thereof parallel with the axis of said candle and which is adapted to receive therein a projection or lug 24 which extends inwardly from the inner wall 20 of the chimney preferably near the lower end thereof. 7 To the bottom 6 of the base I is secured a plurality of, in this instance three, circumferentially spaced flanges or spikes 2E composed of aluminum or other suitable heat-conducting ma- These spikes or flanges 26 are arranged concentrically about the axis of the base 6 intermediate said axis and the peripheral wall I of the base.

Each of these spikes 26 extends upwardly from the bottom into a corresponding recess or aperture 27 provided in the lower end of the candle C so that when the lower end of the candle is being consumed, heat generated by the flame will be radiated by these flanges or spikes near the peripheral wall of the base for maintaining a substantially uniform temperature through the entire interior of the base. The degree of uniform temperature thus maintained will correspond substantially to that of the flame of the burning 'candle so that the upper surface of the candle will be maintained in a molten state thus preventing the outer edge of the wax becoming solidified and forming a layer on the inner wall of the base and permitting the molten wax to gradually recede to the central or lowermost portion of the base bottom 6 as the candle is consumed, thus causing substantially all of the wax of which the candle is composed to be consumed.

It is sometimes desirable to provide a removable auxiliary base or candle holder as 38 which may be associated with the lower end of the candle and seated in the base I for enabling the lamp to be more easily maintained in a clean condition, although such holder or base is not necessarily required.

This holder or auxiliary base may be constructed in any suitable form, and as illustrated in the drawing, is a cup-shaped member adapted to be received with the main base I and having the bottom 3| thereof extended downwardly in circular stepped formation corresponding somewhat to the contour ofthe bottom 6 of the main base I and also to the bottom 0 of the candle C which is also formed to extend downwardly in circular stepped formation so that when the base I, holder 30 and candle C are assembled, the bottoms of each of these members will be nested one within the other and the Wax of the candle as the bottom or lower portion of said candle is being consumed, will gradually recede to the central lowermost portion of said base or holder and be consumed.

In order that the spikes or flanges 26 provided on the bottom 6 of the base I may be utilized for maintaining a uniform temperature throughout the interior of the holder 30 as the lower bottom portion of the candle C is being consumed, the bottom 3I of the holder 30 is provided with a plurality of apertures 32 therethrough corresponding in number to and arrangement of the spikes 26 and which are adapted to receive said spikes therethrough when the holder is placed in position inthe base I.

In order that the molten wax formed as the bottom or lower portion of the candle C is being consumed, may not pass through the apertures 32 around the spikes 26 into the bottom of the base I beneath the holder 30, each of these apertures 32 is provided with an upwardly extending hollow spike member 34 which, in this instance, has the interior thereof tapered upwardly to correspond to the form of the spikes 26 for receiving said spikes, and have the lower ends thereof securely fastened by peening or otherwise secured to the base 3| in a liquid-tight manner.

In order that the holder 30 may be readily assembled on the lower end of the candle C or that the candle C may be readily positioned on the'base 6 when the holder 39 is not employed, the lower end of the candle is provided with a plurality of upwardly extending recesses or apertures 2'! which correspond in size and position to the spike members 34 connected with the holder 30.

When it is desired to use the lamp, the candle C may first be provided with a holder 30 by connecting said holder with the lower bottom end of the candle, with the spikes 34 extending upwardly into the apertures 21 in said candle after which the candle and holder may be assembled in the base I, with the spikes 26 of the base extending upwardly into the spike members 34 of the holder, or if it is not desired to use the holder 30, this may be omitted and the candle C positioned in the base I with the spikes 26 registering with the apertures 27 in the candle. In either case, the lamp is now ready to receive the chimney I5 which may now be positioned on the base I by passing the lower or larger end of the chimney over the upper end of the candle C with the projection 24 in registration with the slot 23 of the candle, which will maintain the candle and chimney in fixed relation.

In operation, the heat produced by the flame will obviously melt the adjacent portion of the upper end of the candle until such molten Wax overflows and fills the space between the upper end portion of the candle and the inner wall of the chimney l5, after which a relatively thin layer of molten wax will form and be maintained across the upper end of the candle and maintain the inner wall 20 of the chimney and the atmosphere above the candle at substantially the same degree of temperature as the flame due to the vacuum or dead air space 2| provided in the wall of the chimney preventing the inner wall 20 becoming cooled by the outside or surrounding atmosphere, thereby preventing the molten wax from solidifying and forming a layer on the inner wall of said chimney as the candle is being consumed. Likewise, when the lower end of the candle or that portion of the candle positioned in the base I beneath the chimney I6 is being consumed a uniform temperature of substantially the same degree as that of the flame will be maintained throughout the interior of the base i or holder 3% by the spikes or flanges 26 or 34 as hereinbefore described, for maintaining the wax in a molten state until said wax has been entirely consumed.

Although there has been shown and particularly described the preferred embodiment of this invention, it is not wished to be limited to the exact construction shown as various changes both in the form and arrangement of the parts thereof may readily be made without departing from the spirit of this invention as set forth in the appended claims.

We claim:

1. In a sanctuary lamp, a support having a cavity therein provided with an imperforate wall and adapted to receive the lower end of a candle, a. chimney mounted on said support adapted to receive the candle therein, said chimney comprising a double-walled tubular member forming a sealed air chamber between the walls thereof adapted to render said chimney impervious. to varying degrees of atmospheric temperatures during the burning of the candle, and heat-conducting means associated with said support and extending into the candle for maintaining a substantially uniform temperature throughout the cross-sectional area of the cavity during the burning of the lower end portion of the candle.

2. In a sanctuary lamp, the combination with a candle having a longitudinally extending slot in the peripheral surface thereof, of a support for said candle and a chimney mounted on said support adapted to receive the candle therein,

said chimney having an inwardly extending projection on its inner surface intermediate the ends thereof adapted to extend into said slot causing the chimney and candle to be assembled in fixed predetermined circumferential relation.

3. In a sanctuary lamp, a base for supporting a candle, a candle resting upon said support and having a groove in its periphery extending longitudinally from end to end of the candle, and a transparent member surrounding said candle and having an inwardly extending projection positioned in said groove for positioning the candle circumferentially with respect to said member while permitting relative longitudinal movement thereof.

4. In a sanctuary lamp, a support for a preformed candle and a chimney mounted on said support and adapted to receive the candle therein, said chimney comprising a double-wall integral member having closely spaced walls adapted to retain the heat of the candle Within the chimney, the inner wall of the chimney being close to and substantially surrounding the candle.

5. In a sanctuary lamp, in combination, a candle having a plurality of preformed openings in the base thereof, and a preformed longitudinal slot extending at least part-way lengthwise of said candle, a holder for the candle having means extending upwardly therefrom adapted to be received in said openings, and a chimney mounted on said holder having a guide projecting inwardly therefrom adapted to be received by the longitudinal slot in the candle, said guide and said means co-operating with the openings and slot in the candle to retain the candle, the holder and the chimney in fixed circumferential relationship.

6. In a sanctuary lamp, in. combination, a candle having a plurality of preformed recesses, a holder for the candle having projections adapted to be received in said recesses to retain the candle in fixed relationship with the holder, a chimney adapted to rest upon said holder, guide means projecting inwardly from the chimney, and means on the candle co-operating with said guide means to retain the chimney in fixed circumferential relationship with respect to the candle and with respect to the holder.

'7. In a sanctuary lamp, in combination, a preformed candle, a holder, means for mounting the candle in the holder, and a chimney mounted .on the holder and extending upwardly concentric with the candle, said candle and said holder being but slightly spaced from each other whereby as the candle burns, the melted portion of the candle flows into the space around the candle and is retained by the chimney near the burning portion of the candle to form a cup of melted material bounded by the circumference of the chimney, and means for retaining the heat of the candle within the chimney whereby as the candle burns, the material adhering to the chimney is melted and flows into the cup and the candle material is entirely consumed during the burning thereof.

8. In a sanctuary lamp, in combination, a preformed candle, a holder for the candle, a chimney mounted on the holder and extending upwardly concentric with the candle, said candle and said holder being slightly spaced from each other whereby as the candle burns, the melted portion of the candle flows into the space around the candle to form a cup of melted material bounded by the circumference of the chimney, and means whereby the entire candle material is consumed during the burning thereof comprising a heat-conducting means extending upwardly from the holder and projecting into the base of the candle.

9. A sanctuary lamp candle comprising a base having a portion thereof of lesser diameter than that of the upper portion of the candle forming an annular ring spaced from the end of the candle, said annular ring having a plurality of preformed openings extending upwardly therefrom part-way into the candle and adapted to retain the candle upright in a holder.

10. A sanctuary lamp candle comprising a preformed upright member having a preformed slot extending at least part-way longitudinally of the periphery of the candle from the upper portion downwardly.

11. A sanctuary lamp candle comprising a preformed upright portion having a preformed slot extending longitudinally at least part-way of the candle, and a base for the candle having a portion thereof of decreased diameter from that of the upright portion forming an annular ring spaced from the end of the candle, said annular ring having a plurality of preformed openings extending upwardly therefrom part-way into the upright portion.

12. In a sanctuary lamp, a base for supporting a candle, a candle resting upon said support and having a groove in its periphery extending longitudinally of the candle, and a transparent member surrounding said candle and having an inwardly extending projection positioned in said groove for positioning the candle circumferentially with respect to said member while permitting relative longitudinal movement thereof.

13. A candle lamp comprising the combination, with a candle, of a-translucent candle container having a plurality of walls separated by an evacuated space.

14. In a sanctuary lamp, a solid, pre-formed candle body, a diaphanous member substantially surrounding said candle body, a base for supporting said candle body and said diaphanous member, said candle body having a pre-formed groove in the side walls thereof and said diaphanous member having a projection on the inner surface of the wall thereof adapted to fit in the groove in the candle body.

15. A sanctuary lamp candle comprising a preformed, solid candle body of substantially cylindrical shape, said candle body having a preformed lengthwise groove extending from the pe- 17. In a sanctuary lamp, in combination, a preformed, solid candle member, a diaphanous member substantially surrounding the candle member, one of said members being movable into and out of assembled relationship with the other when the candle is in a solid condition, said members being in sufiiciently close relationship that as the candle burns downwardly a pool of melted candle material is retained by the side walls of the diaphanous member at the top of the candle member, a second diaphanous member surrounding said first diaphanous member spaced therefrom and providing between the walls of said diaphanous members a substantially dead air space substantially surrounding the candle member whereby the heat of the fiame of the candle is retained within said first diaphanous member.

18. A candle lamp comprising the combination with a candle of a diaphanous member substantially surrounding the candle, said diaphanous member having a plurality of walls separated by a sealed dead air space.

19. In a sanctuary lamp, a base, a chimney supported by the base, said sanctuary lamp having a pre-formed candle mounted inside of said chimney and substantially surrounded thereby, said chimney being open at the top and comprising two closely spaced walls sealed together at least at one end.

20. In a sanctuary lamp, in combination, a preformed solid candle body supported in the sanctuary lamp, said candle body and said sanctuary lamp being so constructed and arranged that they may be moved into assembled relationship while the candle is in a solid condition, and a diaphanous member arranged to encircle at least a part of the candle body, said diaphanous member comprising two closely spaced walls connected together to provide a substantially inert air space therebetween.

HOWARD C. WILL. OSCAR W. OBERLANDER.

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