US2034141A

US2034141A - Road machine

Info

Publication number: US2034141A
Application number: US637464A
Authority: US
Inventors: Carl A Gustafson
Original assignee: Caterpillar Tractor Co
Current assignee: Caterpillar Inc
Priority date: 1932-10-12
Filing date: 1932-10-12
Publication date: 1936-03-17
Anticipated expiration: 1953-03-17

Description

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A T TORNE(` March 17,'1936. c. A. GUSTAFSON 2,034,141

ROAD MACHINE Filed Oct. 12, 1932 '7 Sheets-Sheet 2 c. A. GUsTAFsoN 2,034,141

ROAD MACHINE Filed Oct. 12, 1932 '7 Sheets-Sheet 3 www March 17, 1936.

INVENTOR.

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ROAD MACHINE Filed oct. 12, 19:52 '7 sheets-sheet 5 Y/ o U 158 760 75s IN VEN TOR.

CARL. A. Gus'rAFsoN BY' r. A TOR/V- March 17, 1936. C. A, GUSTAFSON 2,034,141

ROAD MACHINE Filed Oct. 12, 1932 '7 Sheets-Sheet 6 E :c ELLE;

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ROAD MACHINE Filed Oct. 12, 1952 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 E I Q EL CARL. H. GusTaFsoN n @59 B Z ATToR/wx/` Patented Mar. l?, 1936 lNI'I'ED STATES A'rs'r to Caterpillar Tractor C0., San Leandro,

Calif.,

a corporation of California l Application October 12, 1932, Serial No.. 637,464

1 Claim.

'Ihe present invention relates to road machines and particularly to automotive road machines having a plurality of earth engagngtools which are adjustable by power control means,-

driven from a source of power which also supplies power for propelling the machine.

It is an object of the invention to provide a transmission including a clutch-controlled drive and a constantly running drive.

Another object of the invention is to provide a power take-off means constantly driven from the crankshaft of a motor.

Another object of the invention is to provide a clutch-controlled drive and a constantly Another object of the invention is to provide improved means for adjustably supporting an earth engaging tool from a frame.

Another object of the invention is to provide supporting means for the tool of a road machine in which vertical and horizontal play is eliminated.

-Another object of the invention is to provide an earth engaging tool which is adjustable to vary the angle between said tool and the surface of the earth.

'Another object of the invention is to provide power operated mechanism for adjusting the earth engaging tools of a road machine.

Another object of the invention is to provide an automotive road machine having a. power unit which supplies a constantly running drive for operating the tool adjusting mechanisms and a clutch-controlled drive for propelling the machine.

- Other objects will appear as the description progresses. Description of figures Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the machine, the front end being broken away to show the draft connection for the tool. A

Fig. 2 is a plan view, certain parts being broken away at the front end to show the draft connection for the tool. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal, vertical section through the clutch, the transmission, motor, and rear axle assembly being shown in phantom lines.

Fig..4fis a rear view of the blade and circle assembly.

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the blade andcircle 5 assembly, with certain parts broken away to disclose the meansvfor shifting the circle on its center.

Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6 6 in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a section on the line l-'I in Fig. 5. 10

. Fig. 8 is a section on the line 8-8 in Fig. 2.'

Fig. 9 is a plan view of the blade and circle assembly.

Fig. 10 is a section on the line Ill-Ill in Fig. 9.`

Fig. 11 is a plan View on the line il--ii in 15 Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a section on the line |2I2 in Fig. 9.

Fig. 13 is a section illustrating the construction of the lift hangers.

Fig. 14 is a view on the line M-M in Fig. 13. 20

Fig. 15 is a view on the line iSv-I5 in Fig. 13.

Fig. 16 is a view on the line IS-IS in Fig. 15.

Fig. 17 is a longitudinal, vertical section through the scarifier.

Fig. 18 is a longitudinal, vertical section 25 through the power control clutch mechanism.

Fig. 19 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the power control clutch mechanism,l the drive there-` for, and the connections therefrom to the ad4 justing means for the blade and scarier. 30

Description of machine Road machines having power operated mechanism for controlling the adjustment of the earth moving means thereof have heretofore been pro- 35 vided with diierent sources of power for propelling the machine and for driving the power control mechanism, or, where the same source of power is used for both purposes, the driving means for the power control mechanism is con- 40 nected to the clutch driven shaft which also drives the transmission mechanism. The use of the same source of power for both purposes possesses obvious advantages over the provision of different sources `of power but where the clutch 45 driven shaft serves to ldrive the power control mechanism, as in the machines heretofore known, certain disadvantageous features result.

The principal disadvantage is thatthe power take-olf for the power control mechanism can 50 be driven only when the clutch is engaged, and, consequently, the power control mechanism can not be operated while the clutch is disengaged in shifting gear, or in stopping and starting the machine. Moreover, when the machine is not in 55 motion and the power control mechanism is being used, any accidental movement of the gear shift lever results in a sudden starting of the machine as the clutch is engaged. Such sudden movement of the machine is not only very apt to cause breakage of paris, butis also very dangerous to the operator.

These disadvantages are eliminated by the invention disclosed herein which provides a constantly rlmning power take-off drive for the power control mechanism and a clutch-controlled drive for the traction devices of the machine. Thus the drive for the power control mechanism is never interrupted by the operator in driving the machine but is always available irrespective of the engagement or disengagement of the clutch. Furthermore, any danger to the operator or machine from accidental starting is eliminated.

The feature of the invention referred to above is equally useful in other road machines which are not self-propelled such as an elevating grader having a source oi power providing a clutchcontrolled drive to operate the carrier belt and having power control mechanism for the plow and/or the The invention is also applicable to tractors provided with a power takeoff used in connection with drawn vehicles such as road machin and harvesters, or with mechanisms adapted to be mounted on the in'actor such as hoists, bulldozers, agricultural implements, etc., having parts adapted to operating by power.

Frame and supports therefor 'Ihe frame of the machine is substantially symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis thereof and includes two side channels l0, (Figs. 1 and 2) which extend substantially the length of the machine and have a slight convergence toward the front end (Fig. 2). These side channels are connected by cross members and braces. In the front end of the machine bolster i2 is riveted to the forward ends of side channels i0 and |I. Said bolster I2 is provided with bearings |3, |4 forward of the front ends of side channels |8, which receive a shaft providing a draft connection for the scarifier as described hereinafter. Said bolster i2 is also provided with 'centrally located beang I6 (Fig. 1) on the under side thereof vhiohis adapted to itceive a draft connection ,for the tool as described hereinafter.

Near the front end, hanger I1 (Fig. 1) is provided, the ends thereof being riveted to side channels |8 and Il, respectively, suitable gussets serving to strengthen the connections. Said hanger I1 supports certain braces as hereinafter described.

At the rear end of the machine, side channels I l, are secured to curved channel 2| by suitable brackeis, said channel forming a rear bumper. Toward the front end of the machine above the scariier, I-beam 3|, (Fig. 2) forms a crosspiece between side channels I8, being secured thereto by gussets 32.

Above the blade, brackets 36, 31 are secured to side channels il, il, respectively, and serve to support Ithe blade liiting mechanism. Angle 38 connects said brackets 38, 31, at the top, and at the bottom said brackets are connected by a similar cross angle which has T-bar 4| (Fig. 1) secured thereto. T-bar 4I supports the center shift mechanism.

Dashboard Si (Fig. 2) at the operator's station supports are provided at the rear.

supports the power control mechanism, and cross angle 48, therebeneath, supports a portion of the drive connection from the motor to said power control mechanism. Said dashboard 56 and cross angle 48 are secured to side channels I0, by

- vertical angles forming part of the framework at the operators station. Steerable supports are provided at the iront of the machine and driving The frame is strengthened by a plurality of suitable cross braces. The front supports comprise wheels |00, |0| (Fig. 2) journaled on spindles integral with knuckles |02, |03, respectivelyLwhich are pivotally secured to the respective ends of front axle |04. At its center, axle |04 pivotally supports casting |09 (Fig. 1) which is bolted at its upper end to bolster I2. Said casting |09 is provided with bearing ||2 adapted to receive a draft connection for the blade.

Brace rods I I6, ||1 (Fig. 2) are secured to axle |04 at their forward ends and converge rearwardly to hanger I 1 (Fig. 1), having a common pivotal connection I|8 therewith.

From the foregoingv description it isseen that steerable front supports are provided for the machine and that the control shaft for operating thev steering means is journaled in pivotally mounted, vertically adjustable supports.

The rear end of the frame is supported on traction devices comprising rear wheels 200. one of which is shown in Fig. 1. Said wheels 280 are molmted on the rear axle supported in a rear axle housing suitably connected to side channels l0, I. The drive for rear wheel 200 is described hereinafter.

Power unit ing a rearward opening conforming to the front opening in said crankcase. Said housing 303 is provided with front cover plate 301 extending substantially the full length thereof and bolted thereto. The lower rearward portion of housing 303 is bolted to rear axle housing 22|, said housings having conforming openings. Thus it is seen that crankcase 302, and clutch and transmission housing 303 are rigidly secured together as a. unit and are connected to rear axle housing The front power unit support comprises cross angle 16 suitably secured-to side channels |0, at its ends. Adjacent to and just above said angle 16, block 3 I 6 is secured to cover 301 by cap screws 3|1. Said block 3|6 is supported on cross angle 16 by rubber block 3|8 and shim 3|9, being held thereon by cradle 32|. Rubber block 322 is interposed between the top of said block 3|6 and said cradle 32|. Bolts 323 passing through the feet of cradle 32|, shim 3|9 and the horizontal flange of angle 16 secure said cradle to said angle. Fromthe foregoing description, it is seen that the front of the power unit is resiliently supported in the frame for limited movement with respect thereto.

The controls for motor 300 are located at the operators station. Throttle control lever 33| (Fig. 2) is suitably mounted on the left end of power control clutch housing H28. Bracket 333 bolted to the right end of said housing |20 provides a support for manifold heat control lever 334 and the ignition switch (not shown).

Clutch and transmission Clutch 400 (Fig. 3) transmits two drives from the motor, a controllable drive to the transmission as determined by the clutch pedal located at the operators station, and a constant drive to the power control mechanism, which is described in a subsequent sect-ion.

Crankshaft 336 of motor 300 is secured at its rear end to iiywheel 40| by bolts 402 passing through said flywheel and flange 331 on said crankshaft. Flywheel 40| is provided with a cylindrical flange 463 to which centrally apertured plate 404 is bolted. Levers 405, only one of which is shown, pivoted on plate 404 extend substantially radially thereof and are provided at their outer ends with fingered apertures adapted to receive bolts 406 which pass through apertures in plate 404 and are pivoted'to plate 401. Springs 408 surrounding bolts 406 tend to hold said levers 405 in the position shown in Fig. 3. Plate-401 is provided with teeth which mesh with internal teeth formed on ilange403 of flywheel 40 whereby said p2ate401 rotates with said flywheel 40| but is shiftable with respect thereto. A plurality of compression springs 409 are provided, only one of which is shown, which press plate 401 towards said flywheel 40|, said springs 409 being seated in cups 4|| formed in plate 404, and engage projections 4|2 on plate 401.

Plate 4|3 is riveted to hub 4|4 splined on tubular shaft 4 6 and is provided with clutch faces 4 1 of suitable composition, said faces 4|1 being adapted to be engaged by the respective clutching faces of flywheel 40| and plate 401.

From the foregoing description, it is'seen that when levers 405 are in the position shown in Fig. 3, springs 409 press plate 401 inwardly whereby clutch faces 4| 1 on plate 4|3 are gripped between the respective clutching faces of flywheel 40| and plate 401, transmitting the drive therefrom to hub 4|4 and tubular shaft 4|6. Said shaft 4|6 is supported in flywheel 40| by bearing 4| 0 having bearing retainer 4|9, passes through sleeve 420, mounted in housing 303, and is supported at its forward end in plate 301 by bearing 42| mounted in bearing cage 422. Bearing 42| is held in cage 422 by spacer 423 and bearing adjusting nut 424 having threaded engagement with said shaft 4|6. Said nut 424 holds bearing 42| in engagement with a shoulder on shaft 4|6, and the flange of cage 422 in engagement with housing 303.

Gear 426 is keyed on tubular shaft 4| 6 between bearing 42| and oil thrower 421 adjacent collar 428 of shaft 4|6 which holds sleeve 420 in place. Said gear 426 meshes with gear 429 mounted on bearings 430 on stub shaft 43|. Lock nut 432 threaded on shaft 43| holds said bearings in place. Said shaft 43| is mounted in apertured boss 433 ofclutch and transmission housing 303. Gear 429 meshes with a suitable gear on driving transmission shaft 503 whereby the transmission is driven vfrom clutch-controlled'shaft 4| 6.

It is seen, therefore, that the drive for driving transmission shaft 503 is controlled by movement of plate 401 of the vclutch 400 as determined by movement of levers 405. The inner ends of levers 405 bear against the face of thrust ring 436 surrounding tubular shaft; 4|6 but not engaged therewith. Ring 436 is mounted in bearing cage 431 by bearing 438, being held therein by the end of levers 405. Oil retainer 439 engages cage 431 and ring 436.

Cage 431 is slidably mounted on sleeve 420 and is held resiliently against the Wall of housing 303 by compression springs 44| surrounding studs 442 held between ange 443 of said cage 431 and washers 444 on the ends of said studs 442, which pass freely through said ange and have threaded engagement with the wall of housing 303. Cage 431 when moved forwardly presses ring 436 against the inner ends of levers 405 whereby said levers are rocked to move plate 401 to the right as viewed in Fig. 3, thereby interrupting the drive for driving transmission shaft 503.

Movement of cage 431 and ring 436 is controlled by a pair of arms 45| of yoke 452 which is keyed and clamped on shaft 453. Said arms engage the opposite sides of cage 431, left arm 45| being shown in Fig. 3. Shaft 453 is journaled in housing 303 and extends therethrough to the left of the machine.- Arm 456 (Fig. 1) secured to shaft 453 outside of housing 303 `is urged to clutch engaging position by spring 460 secured thereto and said arm is pivotally connected at its upper end to adjustable rod 451. Said rod 451 is pivotally connected at its forward end to short arm 458 integral with sleeve 459 of clutch pedal 46|. Said sleeve 459 is loosely journaled on a shaft suitably supported on respective side channels I0,

It is obvious from the foregoing description that operation of the clutch pedal serves to engage and disengage the clutch to transmit a drive to the transmission as controlled by the operator.

The transmission mechanism is illustrated in phantom lines in Fig. 3 and comprises driving transmission shaft 503 having a plurality of gears 504 thereon and driven transmission shaft 502 having a plurality of shiftable gears 505. Said transmission shafts 502,503, and clutch driven shaft 4|6 lie in substantially the same vertical plane. The transmission mechanism serves to transmit forward and reverse drives of varying speeds to the rear axle and wheels. This mechanism may be of the type disclosed in the co-pending application of Oscar L. Starr, Serial No.

631,050, filed August 30, 1932. The transmission' mechanism is controlled by gear shift lever 632 (Fig. 2) in a manner fully disclosed in said application. Brake means 668 (Fig. 3) is associated with driven transmission shaft 502, brake pedal 694 (Fig. 2) controlling the operation thereof.

Thus it is seen that a clutch controlled drive from the power unit is provided for propelling the machine, and, as described hereinafter, the power unit also provides a constantly running drive for the power control mechanism.

Blade and circle c Blade |03 (Figs. 4 and 5) consists of a cutting edge comprising two cutting sections secured to moldboard 102 by bolts 103, which also serve to secure angle 104 thereto. Angle 106 is riveted to the trailing edge of angle 104. Reference numeral 101 indicates suitable ag sockets. Brackets 108 serve to connect the blade to the circle ln a manner hereinafter described.

Circle 1II (Fig. 9) is made of a single piece of angle bent into a circle with the ends joined by welding, but said circle may be formed in any other suitable manner. Beam 1I2 is provided with central portion 1I3 bent into a semi-circle of substantially the same radius as the circle, and said central portion 1I3 encompasses approximately one half of circle 1 I I and is riveted thereto. End portions 1I4, 1I6 (Fig. 4) of the beam extend tangentially from the circle and downwardly, their lower ends being apertured for connection to brackets 108 by means of bolts 1I1.

These connections are similar and only one will be described. Bolt 1I1 (Fig. 6) is journaled in tapered sleeve 1I8 which engages complemental aperture 1I9 in end portion 1I6. Washer 12| is held between end portion 1I6 and nut 122 threaded on bolt 1|1.

In order to rigidly connect the end portions of the beam to the circle, brackets 126, 121 (Fig. 4) are riveted to respective end portions 1I4, 1I6. The upper ends of brackets 12S, 121 are riveted to the ends of cross angle 128 which is rigidly connected to the circle by brackets 129, 13I. In addition, the lower` ends of

brackets

126, 121 are r gidly secured by gussets 132, 133 to the lower ends of

inclined braces

134, 136, the inner ends of which are riveted to angle 12S.

Blade 100 is angularly adjustable about the axis of bolts 1 I1 to alter the inclination of cutting edge to the surface of the ground. To lock the blade in adjusted position, links 131,' 138 (Fig. 9) are connected by

bolts

139, 14| to

brackets

142, 143, respectively, cn moldboard 102. As shown in Fig. 7, link 138 is provided with tapered hub 144 which pivots on complementally formed conical boss 145 on bracket 143. Link 131 and bracket 142 are similarly connected. The inner faces of links 131, 138 are serrated (Fig. 9) to engage corrponding serrations in clamping blocks 146, 141 on the beam, being held engaged therewith by bolts 148, 149.

'I'he circle is revolvably mounted in a framework consisting of forwardly converging drawbars 15|, 152, rear cross angle 153, and yoke 154. Rear cross angle 153 is connected to the rear ends of drawbars 15|, 152 by brackets 156, 151 bolted thereto. Yoke 154 is bolted to drawbars 15|, 152 intermediate their ends.

The inwardly extending ilange of circle 1II (Figs. 10 and 11) rests on arcuate ledge 158 of shoe 159 which is bolted to bracket 151 by bolts 160 passing through elongated apertures 18| in said shoe 159. Above ledge 158 a portion of bracket 151 extends over the inwardly projecting flange of circle 1|I where it is provided with recessed boss 162 adapted to receive rub iron 163. Adjusting screw 164 for said rub iron is threaded in boss 162 and is provided with lock nut 165. Said shoe 159 is provided on its inner edge with flat surfaces 166 which are engaged by adjusting screws 161 threaded in bosses 168 in bracket 151 and having lock nuts 169. The arcuate ledge provides a support for the circle on which the circle can be revolved and the rub iron serves to take -up wear in parts and reduce the amount of play between the circle and the support. 'I'he adjustable shoe is movable radially of the circle by the adjusting screws within the limits of the slots in said shoe and serves to take up the side play between the circle and its support. Bracket 156 is similarly equipped, having parts identical with those illustrated in Figs. 10, 11 in connection with bracket 151.

Yoke 154 (Fig. l2) is provided at its left front corner with arcuate ledge 110 upon which the inwardly extending ilange of circle 1|I rests. Boss 11| in the overhanging portion of yoke 154 receives rub iron 112 having adjusting screw 113 threaded in said boss and provided with lock nut 114. Yoke 154 is similarly equipped at the right front corner.

Thus, four arcuate ledges, arranged in a circle, are provided on the circle supporting framework which permit the circle to be revolved thereon, and there is an adjustable rub iron associated with each support. The two rear supports include adjustable shoes to take up side play.

From the foregoing description it is seen that the circle is revolvably supported at four points, two of these being at the front in yoke 154 which is provided with adjustable rub irons, and two in therear where brackets 155, 151 are provided with adjustable rub irons and adjustable shoes. The circle, therefore, can be rotated about its center, and means are provided for taking up play between the circle and its supports in both vertical and horizontal directions.

Drawbars 15|, 152 converge forwardly to connection 111 (Figs. 1 and 2) to which they are bolted. Bolt 118 in connection 111 is provided with apertured head 119 which receives pin 18| journaled in universal connection 182. Nut 183 is threaded on bolt 118. Universal connection 182 (Fig. 1) is journaled in bearing I6 in yoke I2 and bearing II2 in casting |09. Thus drawbars 15|, 152 can pivot in a vertical plane about the axis of pin 18|, can pivot in a horizontal plane about the axis of universal connection 182, and can rotate about the axis of bolt 118. It is seen, therefore, that the drawbar circle assembly is capable of a limited universal movement about theintersection of the axes of pin 18| and connection 182 as a center.

To summarize the movements of which the circle is capable they are, an arcuate movement in a horizontal plane about the vertical axis of universal connection 182; an arcuate movement in vertical planes containing the axis of connection 182; oscillation about the axis of bolt 118; and oscillation of the circle about its center. The desired circle adjustment is usually obtained by combinations of these movements.

Blade lift Telescopic lift hangers are provided for adjustably supporting the blade andcircle assembly from the frame.

a,os4,141

The ends of rear cross angle 153 (Figs. 5, 9 and 13) are connected by ball and socket connections 800-80l to lift

screws

802, 803, respectively. As the lift hangers are identical in construction, only one will be described in detail, and the right-hand hanger which includes screw 803 will be referred to. Ball and socket connection 80| (Fig. 13) comprises ball 804 welded at 806 to angle 153, and a socket formed by the end of screw 803 and cap 801 (Figs. 13 and 14), bolts 808 serving to connect said cap 801 to said screw 803. Screw 803 telescopes within tubular shield 809 which is welded at 8| 8|2 (Fig. 13) to lower section 8|3 of housing 8|4. Wiper 8|6 (Figs. 13 and 14) at the lowerv end of shield 809 has an outward flange which is held between the end of said shield and anA inward flange on clamp 8|1, having clamping bolts 8|5. Said clamp 8|1 has a pair of opposite fingers 8|8 (Fig. 14) adapted to engage the heads of bolts 808 of ball and socket connection '80| to limit upward movement of lift screw 803.

Said lower section 8|3 (Fig. 16) of housing 8|4 is formed as an inverted T at its lower end, extensions 8|9 thereof being cylindrical and having bushings 82| journaled therein (Fig. 15). Trunnions 822 journaled in said bushings 82| are also journaled in apertured arms 823 of fork 824. Bolts 826.(Figs. 15 and 16) passing through apertured bosses 821 in said arms 823, engage peripheral grooves 828 in said trunnions 822 to hold them in place. Said trunnions are longitudinally apertured to provide lubricant passages.

Journal 829 (Fig. 13) of fork 824 is mounted for rotation in bushing 83| mounted in apertured boss 832 in arm 833 (Figs. 13 and 15) of bracket 31. Nut 834 threaded on the reduced end of journal 829 presses washer 836 into engagement with boss 832 and holds flange 831 of fork 824 in engagement with flange 838 of boss 832. Pin 839 locks nut 834 in adjusted position.

From the foregoing description it is seen that lift screw 803 is capable of pivotal movement about the axis of trunnions 822, and is also capable of pivotal movement about the axis of journal 829 of fork 824. 'I'hus said lift screw 803 is mounted for universal movement about the point of intersection of the axes of trunnions 822 and journal 829.

The upper end of screw 803 is received within cylindrical shield 84| (Fig. 13) which is closed at its upper end, and which is of sufficient length to permit -movement of screw 803 .through its total range of movement. Said shield 84| is welded at 842 to collar 843 which has threaded engagement with the upper section 844 of housing 8|4. Said upper section 844 is secured to said lower section 8|3 by bolts 845 (Fig. 2).

Opposite apertured bosses 846 (Fig. 13) of collar 843 provide means vfor turning said collar for a purpose to be described later.

Upper section 844 of housing 8|4 is slotted at.841 and is provided with opposite apertured bosses 848 which receive clamping bolt 849 which serves to hold collar 843 in adjusted position.

Within housing 8|4 internally screw threaded collar 85| (Fig..13) is mounted on bearing 852 seated in recessed seat 853 in lower section 8|3 of said housing 8|4, Washer 854 is seated in uptlnned flange 856 of collar 85| and is received in upper section 845. of housing 8|4, abutting the lower end of collar 843. Thus it is seen that collar 843 serves as an adjusting means to prevent longitudinal movement of collar 85| with respect to housing 8|4 whereby said collar 85|, upon rotation thereof,l will raise or lower screw 803 which has threaded engagement therewith.

Bevel gear 851 is secured to thelower end of collar 85| by pin 858 and the hub of said gear 851 extends below collar 85| to engage bearing 852. Bevel gear 851 meshes with' and is driven by bevel pinion 859 secured to stub shaft 86| by key 862 and held thereon by nut 863.

Stub shaft 86| is j ournaled in bracket 864 bolted to housing 8 I4. Fork 861 is keyed to the outer reduced end of stub shaft 86| by key 868 (Fig. 13) being held thereon by nut 869. Thus it is seen that rotation of fork 861 and shaft 86| in one or the otherdirection through bevel pinion 859 and bevel gear 851 serves to raise or lower screw 803 whereby the right end of blade 100 is raised or lowered correspondingly.

Brace facing 81| (Fig. 13) is riveted to the face of hub 812 of fork 881 and engages washer 813 seated within cup 814 formed in bracket 864. A pair of compression springs 816 are seated in recessed bosses 811 of cup 814 and engage washer 813 to urge it into contact with brake facing 81 Seal 818 engages stub shaft 86| and is seated in bracket 864. The braking means described above, comprising brake facing 81| and washer 813, serves to prevent movement of the blade and circle assembly from their adjusted position.

While collar 85|, comprising the nut, and lift screw 802 are irreversible, a very small force is required to turn said collar 85| to lower lift screw 802 when the blade is disengaged from the earth, and conversely to raise lift screw 802 when the blade is engaged with the earth. It has been found that the accidental rotation of stub shaft 86| due to vibration thereofk is suiclent to turn collar 85| under the above described conditions thereby destroying the adjustment of the blade. The frictional engagement of brake facing 81| with washer 813 damps vibration of said shaft 86 I and prevents rotation thereof due to such vibration. Thus any unintentional rotation of collar 85| is prevented, and the adjustment of the blade is maintained. c

Lift screw 802 (Fig. 4) is similarly mounted in housing 88| (Fig. 2) which is universally mounted on arm 882 of bracket 36 in the same manner that housing 8|4 is mounted on arm 833 of bracket 31. Fork 883 (Fig. 2) of universal joint |91 drives screw lift mechanism for screw 802 which is identical in construction with that described above for lift screw 803.

It is seen, therefore, that the blade and circle assembly can be simultaneously raised or lowered at both ends, or either end thereof may be adjusted to a different height from the opposite end.

'Circle shift s Means are provided for (1) shifting the center of the circle transversely of the machine or about lug 994 (Fig. 1) depending from rack 998. Said rack 906 has channels formed integrally therewith for engagement with the flanges of T-bar 4|, which, as explained before, is secured to the main frame.

Rack 906 is adapted to slide along bar 4|, and for this purpose is engaged with pinion 9| keyed on the lower end of vertical shaft 9|2 and held thereon by a nut. Said shaft 9| 2 is journaled in housing 9|6 (Figs. 1 and 2) which is bolted to frame angle 38, and in a suitable bracket on T-bar 4I. Within housing 9| 6 worm wheel 92| (Fig. 19) is keyed to shaft 9 I2 and is driven by irreversible worm 923 on shaft 924 also journaled in housing 9|9. Fork 926 (Fig. 1) fast on shaft 924 forms part of universal connection |204 whereby the center shift mechanism is driven by means hereinafter described. Rotation of fork 926 and shaft 924 operates to shift rack 906 toward either side of the machine, thereby shifting the center of the circle to extend the blade farther out on either side. The lift screws alone could not maintain the blade and circle in an angular position to one side of the machine because of their pivotal connection with the circle supporting frame and the main frame, but, by the addition of the center shift lift connection, the chain of linkage comprising the main frame, lift screws 802, 803, the circle supporting frame and link 903 forms a locked kinematic chain. One of the essential characteristics of a locked kinematic chain is that' when the linkage is adjusted to a selected position, it rigidly maintains itself therein. Thus the blade is maintained in any adjusted position.

(2) For shifting the circle on its center, it is provided with rack 94| (Figs. 5 'and 9) formed on the horizontal ange thereof, which is engaged by pinion 942 (Fig. 5) keyed on vertical shaft 943 and held thereon by nut 944. Shaft 943 is journaled in housing 946 which is seated in aperture 945 in yoke 154, being bolted to said yoke. Worm gear 949 (Fig. 9) is secured to the upper end of shaft 943 and is adapted to be driven by irreversible worm 952 on shaft 953. Shaft 953 is also journaled in housing 946 and has fork 954 of universal connection |209 secured to one end, and counterweight 956 secured to the other end. Counterweight 956 is formed with an unbalanced weight distribution -with respect to the axis of shaft 953, and serves to damp vibration of said shaft and to prevent creeping of worm 952 due to such vibration. Fork 954 and shaft 953 are driven in a manner hereinafter described to shift the circle on its center to vary the angle of the blade with respect to the line of draft.

Scarer Scarifler |999 (Figs. 1, 2, and 17) comprises block |99| having two rows of staggered openings |992 (Fig. 2) in the top and in the bottom thereof. The openings in the top and the bottom are aligned and provide passageways for the insertion of the scarifler teeth; the front passageways are concealed in Fig. 2. A horizontal rib |003 (Fig. 17) is provided in said block and is disposed within said front passageways, being adapted to be engaged by any one of a plurality of notches |004 formed on the rear face of each scarier tooth |095. A similar rib is provided adjacent the rear row of passageways. Wedge |006 is driven into each opening |902 in front of tooth |005 to hold' it rmly in position.

At its' rear edge block |00| is provided with integral pairs of vertical apertured ears |001, |999 (Figs. 1 and 17) for connection to apertured ends of scarier drawbars |9|| and |9|2. As shown in Fig. 17, ear |991 and drawbar |9|| are connected by pin |009. Ear |009 and drawbar ||2 are similarly connected. Said drawbars |0| and |0 I2 curve upwardly and forwardly (Fig. 1) and are pivoted on the respective ends of shaft |0| 3 (Figs. 1 and 2) journaled in apertured bosses |3, |4 (Fig. 2) of yoke l2 previously described. Said drawbars provide a draft connection from the main frame to the scarifler.

Means are provided for varying the angle of the scarifier block with respect to the scarier drawbars. Apertured horizontal ears |9|6 (Fig. 17) and |0|1 (Fig. 1) are formed integrally with block 00| at the forward edge thereof. Ear |9|1 (Fig. 1) is connected to the lower end of arm |0|8 by bolt |0|9. Arm |0|8 is provided with a plurality of apertures |92|, and drawbar |9|2 is provided with a plurality of apertures |922 whereby arm |0| 8 may be selectively coupled by bolt |023 to drawbar |0|2. Ear |9|6 (Fig..17) is similarly connected to drawbar |9|| by arm |024 (Fig: 17), similar apertures |92|, |922 and bolt |0|9 being provided. Thus the angle between the scarier block and the drawbars can be varied to adjust the scarier teeth angularly with respect to the surface of the grolmd.

Formed integrally with block |90| at its forward edge are pairs of vertically apertured ears |026 (Fig. 17) and |021 (Fig. l) to which scarifier lift arms |028, |029 are connected by respective pins |03| (Fig. 1). Lift arms |929, |929, have ball and socket connections |032, |033 (Fig. 2) with levers |034, |036 (Figs. 1 and 2). Said levers |034, |036 are secured to shaft |031 journaled in brackets |038, |039, bolted on gussets 32 and side frame channels |0, respectively. Levers |034, |036 are provided at their forward ends with respective gear segments |946, I 941. meshing with pinicns |048, 049, keyed on respective ends of shaft |05|.

Power control Power take-off means are provided whereby a continuous drive is transmitted from the crankshaft of the motor to the power control mechanism. Shaft ||9| (Fig. 3) iournaled in b ||02 in the front end of tubular shaft 4|9 is provided at its rear end with gear |93 meshing with internal teeth of fly-wheel 49|. It is to be noted that shaft ||0|, tubular shaft 4|5, and crankshaft 335 have identical axes of rotation. Shaft; ||0| extends through cover ||94 bolted to cover 301 and is keyed to spider ||05 of universal sonnection H05. The drive is transmitted from spider H86 secured to spider H81 by flexible disks H89 secured to said spiders by bolts H88. Spider I |81 is keyed on shaft .I I II which is connected to shaft III2 (Fig. 18) by universal connection I I I 3, similar to universal connection I I 85. One spider of said universal connection IH3 is keyed on shaft IHI and the other is splined on shaft III2. Said shaft H I2 enters the base of housing |I|4 which is secured by bolts HIB to angle 48. Said shaft III2 is journaled in bushing H I1 and bearing I i8, held between split ring H29 and the cover, shaft I I I2 is held in position by collar I||9 and nut |I2| threaded thereon. Seal I |22 is seated in housing HI4 and engages said shaft.

Shaft III2 carries worm H23 which engages Worm Wheel I I 24 fast on vertical shaft I |26 which extends upwardly through housing H25 supported on and bolted to said housing HI4. Bevel gear H21 keyed to shaft H26 at its upper end within control clutch housing H28, meshes with bevel gears H3I and I |32, rotatably mounted on shaft H33, which is journaled in bushings in housing I |28 and cover I |29 therefor. Said control clutch housing H28, sometimes called the control box, is supported on and bolted to said housing H25 which is located centrally with respect thereto. Said housing H28 is also bolted at its top to dashboard 56. Thus it is seen that bevel gears |I3I, H32 are rotated in opposite directions upon rotation of shaft H26 and gear I |21.

Hubs H34 and H35 of gears I|3I and H32, respectively, are formed with beveled clutch teeth adapted to be engaged by complementary clutch teeth on double faced clutch element H36 which engages splined portion H31 of shaft ming action which tends to disengage the clutch elements.

Clutch element H36 is provided with a peripheral groove engaged by fork H38 secured to rod H39 slidably mounted in apertured boss H4I in cover H29 of housing H28 and in boss H42 in housing H28. Rod H39 is provided at its front end with peripheral groove H43 which is engaged by ball H44, under the influence of compression spring H45 in a recess in said housing and seated against plug H46 threaded therein, when said shaft is in its central position, wherein clutch element H36 is disengaged from both gears ||3I and I I 32. The ape: re in boss I |42 is closed and rod H39 is ilattened at that end to permit air to pass by said rod. Spring pressed ball H44 retains rod H39 in its central position. Rod H39 is pivoted at its rear end to control lever H41. Lower rounded end I |48 of said lever H41 is disposed within the aperture in boss H49 on cover H29. Thus it is seen that control lever H41 is provided with a oating, pivotal mounting on the control box.

From the foregoing description, it is seen that upon forward movement of lever H41 (to the right as viewed in Fig. 18) and rod H39 pivoted thereto, fork H38 moves clutch element H36 into engagement with the clutch teeth on hub H35 of bevel gear H32 whereby said clutch element and shaft H33 are rotated in one direction. Upon rearward movement of said lever H41, said clutch element H36 is engaged with the clutch teeth associated with bevel gear H3I which serves to rotate said clutch element and shaft H33 in the opposite direction. Springpressed ball H44 resists movement of lever H41, rod H39, and clutch element H36 from their central, neutral position. It is to be noted that lower end H48 of lever H41 moves up and down in boss H49 as said levcr isoscillated to control the reversible clutch mechanism due to the linear movement of rod H39.

The reversible clutch mechanism described above is centrally located with respect to housing I |28 and on each side thereof two similar clutch mechanisms are provided. As shown in Fig. 18 spur gears H5I, H51 are formed integrally with bevel gears ||3|, H32, respectively, and said spur gears comprise members of twoopposite trains of intermeshing spur gears forming the driving elements of a series of reversible clutch mechanisms as illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 19, where bevel gears H3I, H32 are shown integrally with an end pair of spur gears for convenience in illustration. These trains of spur gears comprise spur gears H8I, H58, H51, H52, H14 and respective opposite gears H82, H59, H51, H58, H15 on shafts H83, H56, H33, \||53, H16, respectively, all similar and similarly mounted in housing H28 and cover H29 therefor. Doublefaced clutch elements H85, H1I`, H36, H63, H18 are controlled by control levers H81, H13, H41, H61, H88, respectively, by forks and rods similar to fork H38 and rod H39 (Fig. 18) and similarly mounted. Said control levers are also similar and similarly mounted. 1

From the foregoing description, it is seen that each of shafts H83, H56, H33, H53, and H16 are rotatable selectively in either direction according to the movement of a clutch element controlled by forward or backward movement of a manually operated lever. It is necessary that said control levers be held in clutch engaging position as the camming action of the beveled clutch teeth serves to disengage the clutch automatically on release of said levers. If the tool encounters an obstruction, the beveled clutch teeth are disengaged automatically by the camming action despite pressure on the control levers, thereby preventing any breaking of the parts. It is to be noted that the driving elements of the above described clutch mechanism comprise a plurality of trains of constantly rotating gears, each train consisting of a series of intermeshing spur gears.

Shafts H83, H56, H33, H53, and H16, extend through the front of housing I 28, being provided 'with respective oil seals similar to oil seal H88 (Fig. 18) seated in housing H28 and engaging shaft H33. Said shafts are connected by means including telescopic shafts and universal joints to the various adjusting'mechanisms heretofore described.

Shaft I |83 (Figs. 2l and 18)Yhas universal joint I |94 with telescopic shaft I |95 which is connected by universal joint H91, including fork 883, to the driving mechanism for lift screw 882. 'Ihus manually operable lever H81 controls a power drive to operate lift screw 82 to raise-or lower one end of the blade.

Shaft H56 has universal joint |28I with telescopic shaft |282 which is connected by universal joint |284, including fork 926 (Fig. 2) to shaft 924 adapted to drive worm 923, worm gear 92|, pinion 9H to shift-rack 986 and the blade and circle assembly transversely of the machine. Forward movement of control lever H13 enables a clutch connection to shift the blade and circle assembly to the left, while rearward movement of said lever H13 enables a clutch connection to shift said blade and circle assembly to the right.

Shaft H33 has universal joint |286 with telescopic shaft I 281 which is connected by universal joint |209, including fork 954, to shaft 953. Said shaft 953 drives' worm 952, worm gear 959, and pinion 942 to shift the circle on its center. Forward movement of control lever Il" determines rotation of said circle in one direction, while rearward movement thereof determines rotation of` the circle in the opposite direction.

Shaft H53 has universal joint |2|I with telescopic shaft 2| 2, which is connected by universal joint I2, including fork |084, with shaft |063 which is adapted to drive worm |062 and worm gear |08| of the scarier lift mechanism 1 85| in housing 8H to operate lift screw 803. Control lever |80 controls operation of the above described driving mechanism in the same manner that control lever ||81 controls operation of the driving mechanism for lift screw 802, and can raise and lower the right end of the blade.

From the foregoing description, it is seen that the power controlmechanism located at the operators station, controls all adjustments of the blade and scarifler. 'I'he scarifier can be raised or lowered. The blade can be' raised or lowered at either end by the telescopic lift hangers, the angle of the blade with respect to the line of draft can be varied by rotating the circle about its center, and the blade can be positioned transversely with respect to the frame by operating the center shift mechanism.

'I'he control levers for operating the above outshaft.

lined adjusting mechanisms are arranged compactly on a control box located immediately in front of the operator above the clutch and brake pedals, and adjacent the steering wheel which is supported on the control box. The gear shift lever is located immediately to the right of the control box which supports at its right end the ignition switch and the manifold heat control. The throttle control lever is mounted on the left end of the control box. Thus it is seen that all the operating controls for the automotive road machine are located at the operators station and are conveniently arranged to the operator so that a minimum of time and effort is required in operating the machine.

The reversible clutch mechanism in the control box is driven constantly from the crankshaft of the motor by a shaft extending through the clutch mechanism and forward to the control box. Thus a simple and direct drive is supplied to the power control mechanism at all times, whether the machine be stopped or in motion.

I, therefore, claim as my invention:

In an automotive road machine, a frame, a motor mounted in said frame at the rear end thereof, an earth engaging tool mounted on said frame forwardly of said motor, an operators station between said tool and said motor, transmission means adjacent said motor, a hollow drive shaft extending forwardly from said motor,'a clutch between said motor and said hollow drive shaft, a drive connection between said hollow drive shaft and said transmission means, power control means for said tool at said station, and a drive shaft for said power control means having a constant drive connection with said motor and extending forwardly through said hollow CARL A. GUSTAFSON.