US2032870A - Apparatus for making paper containers - Google Patents

Description

March 3, 1936. ||l CROSS ET AL 2,032,870

APPARATUS FOR MAKING PAPER CONTAINERS Original Filed Oct. 6, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet l inventori by their attorne March 3, 1936. H, CROSS ET AL 2,032,870 I APPARATUS FOR MAKING PAPER CONTAINERS Original Filed Oct. 6, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 "TTHTTDIITVVTT VITTHIIII H Il 35 ,Tm

lmiiil'- Hill 'l "Hl i IIL'L IHH 5;; Inventors,

@FE-LE? Mwffm.

fheimttorne 9 4 jwmd March 3, 1936. A H. CROSS ET AL 2,032,870

l APPARATUS FOR MAKING PAPER CONTAINERS Original Filed Oct. 6, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 I v 97 Q 'z /'95 Inventors,

Patented Mar. 3, i936 `eAreur amaai@ ArrAnAriUs ron MANN@ PAM-ia ccoN'rAmnns Herbert Gross, I3ynwytil, and Everett E.' lliussey,

Philadelphia, lPa.

originan application oet/ter e, i931, semi Ne. 567,160. Divided and this application Septemser 2A, 193A, serian No. 745,192

9l Claims. (Gli. 93-39) This application is divisional with our application of Serial Number 567,160, led October 6, 1931.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide an apparatus for the automatic manufacture of paper Abottles from ribbons of paper cemented in overlapped spiral relation having the wall of the bottle securely pressed together as the same is formed.

10 Another object of this invention is to provide a method of making paper bottles from ribbons of paper by a sequence of steps which includes the coating of the ribbon of paper with cement just prior to its being wound upon a mandrel in overlapped spiral relation.

Another object is to provide a method of cheaply manufacturing such a paper bottle as will fulll the above named objects, so that, if desired, such bottles can be made at the filling factory on suitable apparatus for making them automatically in quantity, as' needed, and being made where the bottles are lled, the cost of much handling and transporting from the place where they are made, to the place where they are filled,

is saved.

In connection with the method of manufacturing the paper bottle, it is our object to devise such a method as will lend itself to the use of paper in strip form, taken from rolls,` and further, to

make the bottle on a mandrel, designed to :form the bottle wallof the desired shape, by winding the paper strip thereon; at the same time applying cement to the paper strips,prior to the same being wound upon the mandrel, and in a manner :l5 to be on the outside of the first formed, Wound and overlapped coils of paper, while for the second layer .of paper coils, applying the cement to the under side of thestrip forming this second layer, to be inside the secondlayer coils 10 when wound on the mandrel.

, A further object in connection with our method of forming the paper bottle, as above described, is to form a plurality of overwound wrapv pings of strip paper at the mouth end of the 4.3 bottle, and to subsequently shape the mouth and .vcap seat with pressure dies, adapted to shape ,thebottle mouth before the cement on the strip layershasphad time to harden.

A Iriaysrnuch as the tapered portion of the bot- Itlerequires ashortening of one edge of the coils y.of paper; strip, on' themandrel,` in the making,

j isfa'nother object of our, invention tocrinkle -Vliavt.partofgthelcoilpof paper strip, nextto the edge thereof, which requires foreshortening and 55 in a manner to form predetermined Gross-fold creases, where the foreshortening is to take place.

With these and other objects, which will hereinafter appear, our invention resides in an apparatus for making paper bottles from ribbons of 5 paper and in the method of producing the bottles upon the apparatus, adapted for carrying out our method of making the bottle is illustrated in the drawings, and hereinafter described. Our method of forming such paper botm ties, particularly upon the apparatus illustrated, is described, and what we claim in the apparatus and the method of constructing is setl forth.

lIn the drawings,

Figure 1 is an elevation, partly broken away, 15`

showing a finished form of paper milk bottle, to be made upon our apparatus.

Figure 2 is a top plan of the bottle shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an elevation, partly broken away, zo showing the bottle illustrated in Figure 1, but here in an unfinished condition, with dies shown in section, for shaping the ends.

Figure 4 is anelevation, partly broken away,

showing a finished form of filled paper oil bottle, 25

with the cap cover -secured in place, to be made upon our apparatus.

Figure 5 is a fragmental section of the tapered side of the mandrel upon which the bottle is to be formed, illustrating paper coils placed there- 30 on, showing the requirement of shortening one edgeof the paper coils on the tapered portion `oi the mandrel.

rolled against the mandrel.

Figure 10 is a fragmental elevation showing the hook 4connection of the mandrel wedge with the iianged sleeve.

In the gures, we show two of various forms of paper bottles to be made upon our apparatus. One of these forms of paper bottle is` the milk bottleA l5, illustrated in Figures -1, 2 and 3. It has a wall i6, made up ofinside and outside laminated papesfstrip portions. These wall portions I1 and i6 are formed independent of one-another, ex- 55 material, ready for the market.

cept that they are cemented together. Each of the portions' I1 and I8 is formed of a plurality of overlapping and continuously wound, spiral layers of paper strip I9, wherein the strips overof overlapped windings used, and have as manyf such wall portions as will give him the thickness of bottle wall required.

There is a bottom disc 20, of paper, having a flange 2|, which is curled up to lock the bottle bottom both ways, to fix it therein. The mouth 22, of the bottle is formed with a cap seat 23, and a built-up ange 24, wherein several thicknesses of paper are wound together. 'Ihe bottle4 is shown to have a cylindrical portion 25,extending from the bottom disc 20 to the point 26, where the bottle tapers convergently upward, having a reverse curve in vertical section, as shown in Figure 1, and terminates inthe neck 21. The tapered portion 28 extending from the point 26, to the neck 21, is made up of tucked-in spiral, overlapping strips, wherein the small, short, vertical markings 28, on the figure, represent the multiplicity of tucks or crinkles, of the paper strip coils, forming a foreshortening of the upper strip edge, on account of the gradual reduction in the circumference of the tapered portion 28, of the bottle, as .we advance toward the mouth 22. A protective coating 29, of any suitable substance, as wax or lacquer, covers the bottle inside and out. The building up of such a paper bottle construction, as above detailed, is later described in connection with our method of making the bottle.

'I'he long oil bottle 30, is another form of paper bottle to be made upon our apparatus and is shown in Figure 4 to be similar in construction to the milk bottle, illustrated in Figure 1,

except` asv to its top 3|, and the form of the tapered-portion 32, of the bottle 30.

The wall 33,of the bottle 30, has a cylindrical portion 34 and a conical portion 35, terminating in a neck 36, above which is the mouth 31. The cap 38, resting on'the seat 39 is secured in place by rolling in they topv part 40, of the bottle wall,

as at 4l. 'I'he flanged portion 42, at the mouth 31, of the bottle, is made up of extra windings of paper and is formed in dies, as is the flange 24, of the milk bottle I5. While the oil bottle 30, shown in Figure 4, is first formed with an open mouth, it is here shown with the cap 38 xed in place as it will be when filled with oil or other A protective coating 44, of suitable lacquer or other substance, covers the bottle 30, inside and out.

Considering now the apparatus illustrated fragmentally in Figures '1, 8, 9 and 10, as one kind of apparatus for carrying out the forming of the bottle from .paper strips, by our method, we have shown in these figures, the relative positions of the operating elements, but have eliminated most of the framework, as well as the mechanism connected with the operating elements, for moving the same.

In the apparatus shown, is a long fixed bearing, in which is journaled a projectingshaft 46, fixed against end movement by the shoulder 41, on the shaft 46, and by the collar 48, pinned thereto. Any suitable connection means for turnhaving a lever arm 52, to give an end movement to the collar 49, along the shaftl46. Releasably fixed upon the end of the shaft 46, is the split mandrel 53 upon which to wind the paper strips. The mandrel 53 is shaped to correspond with the general shape of the bottle to be formed thereon, and yone-half thereof is concentrically and releasably fixed upon the shaft 46. There are two mandrel halves, 54 and 55, joined elastically by screws 56, having compression springs 51, beneath their heads. Gude'pins 58 serve to hold the halves 54 and 55 properly to register with'one another. The screws 56 and the pins 58 pass through longitudinal slots in the long Wedge 59, permitting an end 'movement to the wedge 59, which has a hook 60, on its large end,.engagin'g the anged collar 49, as shownmore particularly in Figure 10, for partly withdrawing the wedge 60, to collapse the mandrel halves 54 and 55, when it is desired to push off the formed paper bottle body, which is done by means of the stripping ring 6I, when the rods 62, of the yoke 63, connected with the ring 6I, are moved longitudinally toward the small end of the mandrel 53.

- Rollers 64 and 65 are provided for rolling the respective paper strips 66 and 61 against the mandrel 53, as these strips are being wound on to form the bottle body. Each of the rollers 64 and 65, is journaled in a yoke 68, having an integral shaft 69, journaled in the bearing 10, on

in the bearing 10, is a projecting pin 15. Acoil spring 16 presses against the pins 15 Aand 11, on the shaft 69, and causes the pin 11 to press against the projecting .pin 14, which is also fixed in the bearing 10, tending to right the roller to normally have its axis parallel to that of the mandrel 53. Two arms 18 project upward, integral with the yoke 68. Journaled upon the arms 18, is a. tucker 19, which reaches over the roller 64 or 65, as the case may be,and terminates in a thin wedged shaped endl 80, adapted to move into the space just below the roller as a tucker-in of the bent paper strip, to form a fold. The tucker 19 has an integral upstanding arm 8|, to which lis pivoted a link 82, adapted to be connected with some mechanism, which will operate the tucker 19, intermittently as required. y

For bending the paper strip along predetermined cross lines, weprovide a set of crinkling toothed wheels 83 and 84, for each of the paper strips 66 and 61. The teeth of these wheels are formed to mesh together in a manner, and at that end of the wheels toward the small end of the mandrel 53, while they disappear in the circumference at the opposite end of the wheels. Each tooth has a triangular, longitudinal face, on one side, twice the depth of the face on the opposite side.v 'I'he lower wheel 84 justl contacts the paper strip, on the under side thereof, and is xed with respect to the framework 85, of the apparatus which rolls upon the rails v86 and 81, being supported thereon by rollers 88. The upper wheel 83 is journaled on a pin 89, fixed in ay rack bar 90, adapted to be reciprocated within the bracket 9|, when required, by the turning of the gear 92, meshing with the rack bar 90. Suitable mechanism is to be provided for turning the gear 92, when required to lower the crinkling wheel 83, to cross-crease the paper strip between the crinkling wheels 83 and 84, when the tapered portion of the mandrel 53 is reached, to have a paper lstrip wound thereon.

Besides being crinkled, the paper strips 66 and 61, are each cemented on one side and are fed to the mandrel 53, between the crinkling wheels 83 and 04, by means of pairs of feed rollers 93 and 94, pressed together and mechanically turned at a proper synchronized rate to feed the paper strip as required, commensurate with the wfnding thereof on the mandrel 53'.

The strip 66 starts from a roll of paper 95, and passes under an idler roller 96, thence it passes over a transfer roller 91, of a liquid cement feeding device, in which 98 is the tank, in which is journaled the feed roller 99, in contact with the transfer roller 91. From the roller 91, the strip 66 passes around the idler roller |00 and turns back, passing between the feedrollers |0| and |02, of the pair 93, from which it passes between thecrinkling wheels 83 Yand 84, provided for the paper strip 66. The strip 66 next passes onto the mandrel 53.

In a similar way, the strip 61, starts from a roll of paper |03, and passes over the transfer roller |04, of a. liquid cement feeding device, in which the tank |05 has journaled thereon the feed roller |06, in contact with the transfer roller |04. From the roller |04, the strip 61 passes between the feed rollers |01, of the pair 94, from which it passes between the open crinkling wheels 83 and 84, provided for the paper strip 61. The strip 61 next passes on top of the rst formed layer made from the strip 66.

All the mechanism just described for feeding, cement transferring and crinkling the paper strips, is mounted upon the framework 85, adapted to roll upon the rails 86 .and 81, and moved synchronously 4to the related functioning elements.

Having described the apparatus upon which our method can be carried out, we will now proceed to describe the sequence of steps taken to produce a paper bottle thereon.

Assume that the mandrel 53 is of the required shape for forming the bottle thereon, and that the rolls of paper strips and cementing devices are in place, we start to wind the strip 66, on the mandrel 53, beginning at the stripping ring 6I, having Vfirst threaded the strip 66 from the roll 95, under the roll 96, over the transfer roll 91, around the roll |00 between the .feed rollers |0| and |02 and between the open crinkling wheels 83 and 84, andonto the mandrel 53, having releasable means for attaching the beginning end of the strip 66. The mandrel is then rotated, winding on the first coil of the strip 66, and at the same time,-the framework is mechanically moved forward, at a rateto produce the desired overlap of the second and succeeding coils, until the length of ywall portion made-up of the first formed layers of overlapped paper, reaches a distance commensurate with the spaced relation of the'rollers 64 and 65, at Which time, the strip 61 is attached next to the stripping ring 6|. As the coils of the strip` 66 are wound on, the roller 64 is pressed against 'them to consolidate the overlapping coils, which have previous to coming onto the mandrel, been cemented on the upper side, by

the cement transfer roller 91, and fed along by the mechanical turning of the rolls l0| and |02, the speed of which is regulated, to the rate of Winding of the coils upon the mandrel, which speed varies according to the diameter of the portion of the mandrel wound upon, being greater for the cylindrical portion, and less and less, in gradual reduction, as the coils are wound upon the tapered portion of the mandrel toward the mouth. After the forming of the first wound layers of the paper strip 66 has reached a distance commensurate with spacingof the rollers 64 and 65, then the end of the other paper strip 61, is started by being cemented onto the rst formed part of the inner wall portion of the bottle wall, next to the stripping ring 6I, as the mandrel continues to rotate.

After the strip 61 is started on the mandrel and is coursing from the roll |03, cemented at roller |04, fed by the pair of rollers 94 and passing through the open crinkling wheels 83 and 84, the spiral winding of both the strips 66 and 61, continues, and as they successively reach the point on the mandrel, where the tapering begins, as indicated by the broken lines |08, the

crinkling wheels 83 and 84, in each case, are brought together to crease the paper along the edge |09. H0 represents the position of the crinkling wheels 83 and 84, at the beginning of the taper. reaches the tapered portion of the mandrel, beneath the roller 64 or 65, as the case may be, the tucker 19 is started to reciprocate and tuck the paper in at the creases to form folds, having the narrow triangular creased portion H2,

overlap the wider triangular creased portion H3, of the strip vas shown at |I4 on Figure 7, and particularly illustrated at ||5 on Figure 9. The rolling on of both strips, 66 and 61, continues in succession until the desired length of the inner wall portion of the bottle is reached, when the strip 66 is cut through and the pair of feed rollers 93 is stopped, but before the end of the inner wall portion has been completed, the crinkling wheels are separated and stopped at the neck just below where the mouth flange is to be formed. However, the carriage having the framework 85, continues to advance for the continued winding on of the strip 61, up to, and a little beyond the finished inner bottle wall portion, when the carriage is stopped and the winding continues to build up the body of the flange portion of the bottle lafter which, the pair 94 of the feed rollers is stopped and the strip 61 is c'it oif.

During 'the Winding on of the-strip 61, and the crinkling thereof, the crinkling rollers 83 and 84 provided for use of the strip 61, are also stopped and spread apart, as the end of the tapered portion of the mandrel is reached at the neck as was done in'eonnection with strip 66. After the bottle wall, with its two wall 'portions is formed, and is out loose from both strips 66 and 61, and the mandrel 53 stopped, the Wedge 59 is withdrawn sufficiently by the flanged sleeve 49, to cause the springs `51 to draw the mandrel halvesrv 54 and 55v closer together, in a manner collapsing the mandrel in size sufficiently toA loosen the bottle wall therefrom, when they stripping;y ring 6| is moved forward, stripping off the bottle wall so formed, which is next positioned to receive the `flanged bottle bottom. r This As each strip, so crinkled, as at |l|,

flanged bottom as 20,- in Figure 1is pushed up l into the lower end of the bottle wall, after which, and before the cement has hardened between the layers of paper. strips forming the bottle, the bottle wall with its bottom in place is positioned relative to the split die IIB, at the neck vof the bottle, and the seat and fla-nge forming die IIT, as shown in Figure 3. These dies H6 and H1 are forced together to form the finished top of the bottle, and either the die H8, or a suitable rolling means is used to form the curling in of the fiange 2i and the skirt H9, of the lower end'of the bottle to havev the flange 2| of the bottom 20, relation to the bottle skirt H9, to lock the bottom both ways on the bottle wall.

The bottle thus formed, is next dried out and the cement permitted to harden, after which, the bottle is coated inside and out with wax or lacquer, as desired, and is dried when it is a finished milk bottle-with a cap seat 23, ready t` receive milk and be capped by the usual glass bottle cap of cardboard. i

In the case of forming on a different shaped mandrel, the oil bottle, illustrated in AFigure 4, the wall and bottom thereof, is formed in a way similar to that described in connection with the forming of the milk bottle, except that the outer wall portion of the oil bottle is wound beyond the end of the inner wall portion, suiiiciently to afford enough stock to roll in on top of the cap, put in place after filling the bottle with oil. After the oil bottle Wall is formed, with the bottom fixed in place, as described for the milk bottle, the cap seat is squared off by proper dies before the cement hardens and after being.

thoroughly dried, vthe bottle is coated inside and out with a suitable wax or lacquer and is made ready for filling. After filling. the bottle with oil or other substance, which the bottle is to carry, the cap is put in place and the top of the bottle Wall is rolled or curl-pressed' in, on top of the cap to securelyv seal the bottle.

By using other forms of mandrels, either circular or oblong, in cross-section, which can be collapsed, permitting the bottle Wall formed thereon to be stripped off, other shapes of botties can be formed, than the two kinds of bottles herein illustrated.

Inasmuch as other changes can be made in.

the apparatus, as well as changes .in the steps or sequence of steps, in our method of forming the bottle, without departing from the spirit and scope of our invention, we wish to include all modifications of the apparatus and method which come within the purview of the following claims.

We claim:

1. An apparatus for automatically making paper bottles from ribbons of paper which in-I cludes in combination a collapsible mandrel voi' the shape of the bottle to be made, means for holding a roll of paper ribbon from which the paper is fed upon the mandrel, means for applying cement to the surface of vthe paper ribbon, means for turning the mandrel, means for gradually moving the paper holding means longitudinally of said mandrel, and other means for compressing a thickened mouth to said bottle into a desired shape.

`2. An apparatus for automatically making paper bottles from ribbons of paper which includes in combination a collapsible mandrel of the shapev of the bottle to be made, means ,for holding a roll of paper ribbon from which the paper is fed upon the mandrel, means for applying cement to the surface of the paper ribbon, means for turning the mandrel, means for gradinterwound in coiled up ,A

ually moving the paper holding means longitudinally of said mandrel, and means for tucking one edge of said ribbon as .the same is being wound upon said mandrel.

3. 'Ihe method of forming paper bottles from paper strip,l consisting of winding saidstrip inspiral, overlapping coils upon a mandrel, to form `the bottle wall, cementing said strip on one side thereof before Winding the same on said mandrel, forming extra Winds on said wall to build up a ange thereon, compressing said flange longitudinally of the axis of the said bottle into the desired shape, and inserting a bottom disc in said bottle wall.

4. The method of forming paper'bottles from paper strip consisting of winding said strip in spiral, overlapping coils upon a mandrel to form a wall portion layer to the bottle, cementing said strip on the outside thereof, before winding the same on said mandrel, winding another strip in spiral overlapping coils upon .said mandrel on top of said first formed wall portion layer, to form a second wall portion layer, cementing said other strip on its inside before winding upon said first formed wall portion and forming a bottom in said bottle wall.-

5. The method of forming paper bottles from paper strip consisting of winding said strip in spiral, overlapping coils upon a mandrel to f orm a wall portion layer to thebottle, cementing said strip on the outside thereof, before winding the same on said mandrel, winding another strip in spiral overlapping coils upon said mandrel on top of said first formed wall portion layer, to form a second wall portion layer, cementing said other strip on its inside before Winding upon said first formed wall portion, the forming of extra windings of said second strip cna portion of said second wall portion layer to form a flange thereon, and 'die pressing said flange to form the same into the desired shape, then forming a bottom in said bottle wall.

6'. 'Ihe method of forming paper bottles from paper strip consisting of Winding said strip in spiral, overlapping coils upon a mandrel to form a Wall portion layer to the bottle, cementing said strip on the outside thereof, before Winding the same on said mandrel, winding another strip in spiral overlapping coils upon said mandrel on top of said first formed wall portion layer, to form a second wall portion layer, cementing said other strip on its inside before winding upon said first formed wall portion, the forming of extra windings of said second strip on a portion of said second wall portion layer to form a fiange thereon, and die pressing said flange to form the same into the desired shape, and die pressing a cap seat in the mouth of said bottle Wall, then forming a bottom in said bottle wall.

7. The method of forming a paper bottle from coils' of paper strip, wherein said bottle has a tapered portion to the wall thereof, including the winding of said strip in spiral, overlapping coils upon a mandrel, to form a wall to said bottle,

cementing said strip on a side thereof before winding the same on said -man'dreL and foreshortening one edge of the coils forming said tapered portion of said wall, by crinkling said 'i strip at said foreshortened edge, forming the crinkling by cross creasing said strip -prior to winding and tucking the same at said creasings automatically, beneath a pressure roller, forming a series of cro-ss folds which foreshorten one edge of the paper strip, as it comes into the Winding operation.

8. A method of forming a paper bottle, whereby strips of lpaper are overlappingly wound upon a mandrel of the shape desired for the bottle, of applying 4cement to the outside of the rst layer of strip paper wound on the said mandrel, of applyingr another `layer of paper strips wound over the rst layer to be wound on the mandrel, of cementing the last named layer of paper, by

applying the cement to the inside of the strip as I the latter is entering theact of winding, of distorting end overlappinglayers of paper, by pressure dies forming a mouth portion of the desired shape, and of coating the inside of the bottle so formed, with a sanitary and protective liquid coating.

9. An apparatus for' automatically making paper bottles from ribbons of paper, having in combination with a frame, a mandrel shaft -journaled upon said frame, a split mandrel mounted upon said shaft, said mandrel comprising two half forms, pin members fixed in one of said forms in sliding engagement with holes in the other of said forms, spring means on one of said forms, tending to normally urge said mandrel forms together, a longitudinal wedge member between said forms, for releasably holding said forms spaced apart, means for partially withdrawing said wedge member to lessen the peripheral size of said mandrel, means supporting a roll of paper ribbon on said frame and means for guiding said ribbon as it is wound upon said. mandrel.

HERBERT CROSS. EVERE'II E. BUSSEY.

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