US20294A - Preparation of fiber for paper-pulp - Google Patents
Preparation of fiber for paper-pulp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20294A US20294A US20294DA US20294A US 20294 A US20294 A US 20294A US 20294D A US20294D A US 20294DA US 20294 A US20294 A US 20294A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- straw
- paper
- pulp
- fiber
- steam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 title 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 208000008313 Contusions Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 206010000496 Acne Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 108010068370 Glutens Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 210000001331 Nose Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000003113 alkalizing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108060002971 flz Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 235000021312 gluten Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036633 rest Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C3/00—Pulping cellulose-containing materials
- D21C3/22—Other features of pulping processes
Definitions
- N-FUERS PHOT0-L THOGRAPHER WASHINGTON D C ENIT STATES PATENT OFFICE.
- the prominent distinguishingfeature of this invention consists in a method of boiling which involves less labor and results in a better yield of pulp in quantity and quality than is attainable by any other process known to me.
- FIG. 3 is an axial view of Fig. l.
- Figs. 4, and 5 exhibit two forms of the alkalizing nozzle or nose.
- My process is asv follows: I put whole straw in its natural state into a tub or tank a, provided with a perforated floor or false bottom b, on which the straw is supported.
- the space beneath the floor b is filled with an alkaline solution about 8 Baume' in strength, and in quantity from 30 to 35 gallons to every 100 lbs. of straw.
- the bottom angle of the tub beneath the floor 7; is occupied by a steam pipe c, perforated at intervals of about two feetwith apertures about one eighth of an inch in diameter to permit the escape of jets of steam toward the center of the tub.
- lf) J c is a pipe extending axially from beneath the floor 7). to a short distance above the cover d, where it may be surmounted with an inverted bowl f, or with a centrifugal spreader or rose g, but when the latter is used the cover CZ. may be dispensed with.
- 7i is a draw off cock, of which there may be one or more in the bott-0m of each tub.
- the mass of straw is preserved in a light and porous condition, free from needless matting and bruising, enabling the deglutenizing agent to circulate freely throughout without being unduly retained in any part.
- the knotty portions of the straw are thus eectually reduced so as to prevent the existence of yellow pimples and specks which so often deface straw paper; and at the same time the extensive waste of the finer portions of the liber, incident to severe and repeated washings and stirrings during the deglutenizing process is avoided.
- the stock may be let down into bleach boxes or vats; or the washed and iibered straw may be let down into drainers and drained and then brought back and put into bleach liquor in the engine and afterward let down into bleach 4 boxes or vats; or it may be washed and opened into iber in the engine and let down into vats containing bleach liquor.
- the bleaching being accomplished the stock may be worked up in the usual way for half stuff.
- Pulp made by the above process works well in any proportion with rag stock, and I make an excellent tough and white paper of straw only. I also manufacture by my process-omitting the bleach-a tough article of paper having the natural Color of the straw.
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
Description
N. PETERS, PHDTQLITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D C,
N-FUERS, PHOT0-L THOGRAPHER WASHINGTON D C ENIT STATES PATENT OFFICE.
MARTIN NIXON, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.
PREPARATION OF FIBER FOR PAPER-PULP.
To all whom it only concern.:
Be it known that I, MARTIN Nrxox, of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Manufacture of Faper-Pulp from Straw and Like Substances; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making part of this specification.
The prominent distinguishingfeature of this invention consists in a method of boiling which involves less labor and results in a better yield of pulp in quantity and quality than is attainable by any other process known to me.
In the accompanying drawings Figures l, 2, and 6, exhibit in perspective, various modifications of my boiling tub. Fig. 3, is an axial view of Fig. l. Figs. 4, and 5, exhibit two forms of the alkalizing nozzle or nose.
My process is asv follows: I put whole straw in its natural state into a tub or tank a, provided with a perforated floor or false bottom b, on which the straw is supported. The space beneath the floor b, is filled with an alkaline solution about 8 Baume' in strength, and in quantity from 30 to 35 gallons to every 100 lbs. of straw. The bottom angle of the tub beneath the floor 7;, is occupied by a steam pipe c, perforated at intervals of about two feetwith apertures about one eighth of an inch in diameter to permit the escape of jets of steam toward the center of the tub.
(l, is a perforated cover which rests on the mass of straw.
lf) J c, is a pipe extending axially from beneath the floor 7). to a short distance above the cover d, where it may be surmounted with an inverted bowl f, or with a centrifugal spreader or rose g, but when the latter is used the cover CZ. may be dispensed with.
7i., is a draw off cock, of which there may be one or more in the bott-0m of each tub.
27, is a pipe discharging a current of steam into the mouth of the axial pipe c, which serves to impel a portion of the alkaline solution upward through said pipe and deliver it in a heated state in a continuous spreading shower upon the top of the straw (or upon the perforated cover where one is used) from whence it percolates downward through the mass of straw. At the same time the steam which escapes into the space beneath the iieor rises through the straw. Thus there are constantly passing through the straw a descending stream of hot alkaline solution and an ascending volume of steam.
The following are among the advantages resulting from the above described method of boiling.
1st. The mass of straw is preserved in a light and porous condition, free from needless matting and bruising, enabling the deglutenizing agent to circulate freely throughout without being unduly retained in any part. The knotty portions of the straw are thus eectually reduced so as to prevent the existence of yellow pimples and specks which so often deface straw paper; and at the same time the extensive waste of the finer portions of the liber, incident to severe and repeated washings and stirrings during the deglutenizing process is avoided.
2nd. The condensation of steam causes the alkaline solution to decrease in strength as the work of disintegration progresses.
3rd. A vast amount of laborious and costly manipulation is avoided.
4th. The chemical agents are economized to the greatest possible extent.
For reasons above stated it is my aim to avoid cutting or bruising the straw before the 'close of the alkaline treatment, preferring to keep it as nearly as possible in its natural form until the washing out of the alkali. The charge of straw for a tub ten feet in diameter and eight feet deep is about four thousand pounds. The deglutenizing process under ordinary circumstances occupies about twelve hours.
When the straw is cooked I drain off the liquor. and employ it to break down a new batch of straw in another tub. I'then run in upon the straw in the first tub a stream of cold water, to wash out the alkali, gluten ttc., and to cool the straw. I then .transfer the straw into a straw or rag washer and then into a rag engine; or direct into the engine, where it is washed thoroughly by the action of the roll and cylinder washer unt-il the'water runs clear therefrom. I then put in about l lb. oil vitriol to the 100 lbs. straw and let it mix well with the fiber, which under the action of the roll takes about live minutes, and then wash out. I then let down the roll and open the straw into lint or fiber The engine is then again washed down, and afterward clear bleach liquor is drawn in from a reservoir, unt-il all the water in the engine is of proper strength to bleach, the strength used by me being o to lo Iauin accor-fling to the grade of back news or writing paper for which the stock is intended, using for fair newspaper about l-O Baume.
From the engine the stock may be let down into bleach boxes or vats; or the washed and iibered straw may be let down into drainers and drained and then brought back and put into bleach liquor in the engine and afterward let down into bleach 4 boxes or vats; or it may be washed and opened into iber in the engine and let down into vats containing bleach liquor. I have operated it in diilerent ways but prefer the mode first described of applying the bleach liquor in the engine. The bleaching being accomplished the stock may be worked up in the usual way for half stuff.
Pulp made by the above process, works well in any proportion with rag stock, and I make an excellent tough and white paper of straw only. I also manufacture by my process-omitting the bleach-a tough article of paper having the natural Color of the straw.
I am aware that a process has existed, whereby the alkaline solution, is by the agency of steam, heated in a separate vessel and delivered on top of the straw in intermittent showers. This I do not claim, neither do I claim any process in which cutting of the straw is a prerequisite; but
I claim as new and of my inventionl. The described manner of applying the steam, whereby the solution is automatically and continuously delivered on top of the straw as set forth.
2. The process of boiling whole straw by the combined action of an upward current of steam and a downward current of alkaline solution permeating the mass and acting upon it in conjunction substantially in the manner and for the purpose explained.
In testimony of which invention I hereunto set my hand.
MARTIN NIXON.
Attest:
GEO. H. KNIGHT, JAS. I-I. GRIDLY.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20294A true US20294A (en) | 1858-05-18 |
Family
ID=2085102
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US20294D Expired - Lifetime US20294A (en) | Preparation of fiber for paper-pulp |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20294A (en) |
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0
- US US20294D patent/US20294A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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