US2025842A - Apparatus for describing and tracing curves - Google Patents

Apparatus for describing and tracing curves Download PDF

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Publication number
US2025842A
US2025842A US738547A US73854734A US2025842A US 2025842 A US2025842 A US 2025842A US 738547 A US738547 A US 738547A US 73854734 A US73854734 A US 73854734A US 2025842 A US2025842 A US 2025842A
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cranks
crank
tracing
rotation
point
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US738547A
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English (en)
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Africano Elia
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
    • B43L—ARTICLES FOR WRITING OR DRAWING UPON; WRITING OR DRAWING AIDS; ACCESSORIES FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
    • B43L11/00—Non-circular-curve-drawing instruments

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for describing and tracing curves such as an ellipse, a sine curve, cycloids, an Archimedean spiral, etc., characterized by two pairs of cranks,
  • the parallel axes of rotation of which are arranged in pairs in two planes perpendicular to each other and are connected to a supporting frame while means are provided for maintaining the cranks parallel during their rotation and it is further characterized by two rods each pivoted to the cranks of a pair, at points situated at a predetermined distance from the axis of rotation of these same cranks.
  • the point of intersection of the said rods being materialized by an intersection member sliding upon the two rods, each point on the said intersection member describing curves identical to those described by the point of intersection of the two rods so that a tracing point or an operative tool secured to the said intersection member will serve for tracing or materializing these same curves on a piece of work.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the method for the geometrical construction of an ellipse followed by the apparatus according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 shows diagrammatically in plan view the apparatus employed as an ellipsograph.
  • Figure 3 shows in detail the member applied to correspond with the point of intersection of the two rods.
  • Figure 4 shows one of the cranks in detail in plan view and in vertical longitudinal section.
  • Figure 5 shows diagrammatically in plan view the apparatus employed for tracing sine curves.
  • Figure 6 shows in detail in plan view and in vertical longitudinal section a modification of the crank made in order to adapt the apparatus for describing an Archimedean spiral.
  • Figure 7 is a plan view showing the apparatus fitted with a dividing device.
  • the apparatus will first be described in its application to an ellipsograph.
  • an ellipsograph can be constructed geometrically (see Figure 1) by tracing, 50 with a common centre 0, two circles of radius a and b equal to the two half axes of the ellipse to be constructed, by then tracing any radius p which intersects circles a and b at M and N respectively and by finally tracing the intersection 55 P01 the straight lines A, A, and B, B, which project the points M and N respectively upon the two perpendicular axes a: and y passing through 0.
  • This point P is a point on the desired ellipse.
  • This apparatus comprises (see Figure 2) two pairs of cranks I, l, and 2, 2, the axes of rotation I, 2', of which are parallel and are arranged in pairs in two planes at right angles to each other 16 and which when projected in plan give the perpendicular axes a: and y intersecting at o.
  • each axis of rotation of these cranks is provided with a toothed pinion I" and 2 respectively and all these pinions which are identical with one another engage in a toothed crown 4, supported so as to be capable of turning by the plate or arm 3.
  • the plates l, I and 2, 2, of each pair are provided with crank pins la, la and 2b, 2b respectively, which are adjustable in position in a radial direction and to which are pivoted respectively the crossed rods 5 and 6.
  • crank pins la, la are situated at the same distance from the axis of rotation l of the corresponding crank I.
  • crank pins 2b, 2b are situated at the same distance from the axis of rotation 2 of the corresponding crank 2.
  • cranks I, 2 have the form of forks as will be seen in Figure 4, which illustrates one of the cranks 2.
  • a screw 8 mounted so that it can turn by means of its end pivots 8', 8 in the end of the fork and in a cross member 9, which serves to close the end of the fork.
  • the rod I0 of the crank pin 2b to which the rod 6 is pivoted engages with the screw 8, which can be rotated by means of the end knob 8a, so that this pin can thus move radially merit of translation in the direction of the axis y along the crank in order to place it at a predetermined distance from the axis of rotation of this same crank or if desired in order to make it coincide with this axis.
  • a scale I I is engraved upon one of the .arms of the crank, and a pointer l2 rigid with the pin enables the position of the crank pin with respect to the axis of the crank to be established accurately.
  • crank 2 bearing by its flange I3 upon-the supporting plate 3 is mounted so that it can turn with its pivot 2' in a suitable hole in the plate itself, while below the latter upon an extension of the pivot 2' is keyed the pinion '2" adapted to engage with the toothed crown 4.
  • intersection member 1 slidably mounted upon the two rods 5, 6, is preferably formed by a sleeve having a closed end (see Figure 3) in the peripheral wall of which .areiormed at different heights two pairs of holes through which the said rods pass.
  • crank pins la, la, of the cranks 'I have been moved to a distance a from the axis of rotation of these cranks and the pins 2b, 2b of the cranks 2 to a distance b from the axis of rotation? of the corresponding cranks.
  • the translational movement of the whole of the apparatus instead of being obtained by means of a rack 14' and a pinion rigid with the pivot 2' may be obtained by means of a cable wound in one of the grooves of a cone of grooved pulleys keyed upon the pivot 2, the said cable being held in tension at its ends and arranged parallel to the axis 1/.
  • cranks may be given the modified shape shown in Figure 6, in'which a bevelled pinion 15 is keyed upon the screwB, and engages with another bevelled pinion I 6 which is fixed andcoaxia-lwith the axis of rotation of the crank.
  • the tracing point secured to the intersection member I will consequently trace an Archimedean spiral.
  • the base plate 3 must be maintained in a fixed position as is obvious.
  • the apparatus may advantageously be provided with a dividing device as shown in Figure 7,
  • This dividing device comprises an extension 11, adapted to bear upon the plane of the drawing and to which the base plate '3 of the apparatus is removably'connected in any suitable manner.
  • the pinion 2" of one of the cranks engages an equal pinion l8, keyed upon the verticalsha'it l9, carried by the extension I1, and provided with a bevelled pinion zfl engaging in beve led in n ke ed po he-shah o a dividing drum 22.
  • T surfa e i the drum ruponta plurality .of generating lines is provided with :a number of various graduations, 12' 12", etc., which sub-l ivide the esponding generating lines into.;.a certain number of equalxpar-ts.
  • Each of these graduations can beiread' through a slot 23' opposite referencev pointer lfia" on a slide block 23 movable in an axial directionrand provided with another reference pointer: .23;"' adapted to be brought into register withpthe graduations of a fixed scale 24, with the object of indicating thenumber ofsub-divisions of the graduations actually visible through'the slot,23
  • an ellipsograph of the type comprising a supporting frame, two pairs of parallel cranks rotating on two pairs of pivots fixed to the supporting frame and arranged in two axial planes perpendicular with each other, each of the cranks including an adjustable crank pin, two crossed rods each pivoted to the adjustable crank pins of a pair of cranks, and a sliding member bearing the tracing tool mounted in the point of intersection of the said rods, of guiding means associated with the ellipsograph whereby the apparatus can be given a movement of translation r in the direction of one of its axes and whereby its movement of translation can be controlled proportionally to the rotation of the cranks in order to trace sine curves or cycloids.
  • An apparatus characterized by the feature that the whole of the ellipsograph by means of a slide block rigid with its supporting frame is mounted capable of being displaced in the direction of one of its axes along a. fixed guide, while the translation is obtained by means of a pinion rigid with one of the cranks of the ellipsograph and in engagement with a rack rigid with the said fixed guide.
  • An apparatus characterized by the feature that a pinion is keyed upon the axes of each crank of the ellipsograph, the said pinion engaging with a toothed crown rotatably supported by the supporting frame of the ellipsograph, whereby the parallel relation between the cranks is maintained during their retation.
  • An apparatus having a. sliding member bearing the tracing tool mounted in the point of intersection of the two crossed rods of the ellipsograph, characterized by the feature that the said sliding member is provided with a screw threaded pivot on which an arm bearing the tracing tool is secured following any desired direction.
  • An apparatus further comprising a separated dividing drum for effecting a corresponding sub-division of the curve being traced, and a transmission device between said drum and one of the cranks of the ellipsograph to control the drum.

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US738547A 1933-08-11 1934-08-04 Apparatus for describing and tracing curves Expired - Lifetime US2025842A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT429138X 1933-08-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2025842A true US2025842A (en) 1935-12-31

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ID=11254673

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US738547A Expired - Lifetime US2025842A (en) 1933-08-11 1934-08-04 Apparatus for describing and tracing curves

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US2025842A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE404695A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE625448C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR778060A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB429138A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2471780A (en) * 1944-01-24 1949-05-31 Sandison Alexander Gre Seymour Machine for fabricating strakes for boat construction or the like
US2525606A (en) * 1947-09-06 1950-10-10 William H Kuntz Device for describing curved or straight lines
US2622328A (en) * 1949-03-07 1952-12-23 Emil F Krohn Holder and form duplicator for flame cutting hand torches
US2898681A (en) * 1950-12-05 1959-08-11 Hakko Denki Seisakusho Kk Machine for cutting cycloid gears
CN103950325A (zh) * 2014-03-18 2014-07-30 西安工业大学 正弦曲线绘图仪
CN104960360A (zh) * 2015-06-25 2015-10-07 李涛 螺旋式数学教学演示器
CN107199810A (zh) * 2017-05-24 2017-09-26 吕维 一种用于作三角形外接圆的工具
CN109230424A (zh) * 2018-07-27 2019-01-18 普定县万贵养殖有限公司 一种果蔬卸料装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3154856A (en) * 1961-02-23 1964-11-03 Milton A Saunders Drawing instrument

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2471780A (en) * 1944-01-24 1949-05-31 Sandison Alexander Gre Seymour Machine for fabricating strakes for boat construction or the like
US2525606A (en) * 1947-09-06 1950-10-10 William H Kuntz Device for describing curved or straight lines
US2622328A (en) * 1949-03-07 1952-12-23 Emil F Krohn Holder and form duplicator for flame cutting hand torches
US2898681A (en) * 1950-12-05 1959-08-11 Hakko Denki Seisakusho Kk Machine for cutting cycloid gears
CN103950325A (zh) * 2014-03-18 2014-07-30 西安工业大学 正弦曲线绘图仪
CN103950325B (zh) * 2014-03-18 2015-08-05 西安工业大学 正弦曲线绘图仪
CN104960360A (zh) * 2015-06-25 2015-10-07 李涛 螺旋式数学教学演示器
CN107199810A (zh) * 2017-05-24 2017-09-26 吕维 一种用于作三角形外接圆的工具
CN107199810B (zh) * 2017-05-24 2018-05-11 吕维一 一种用于作三角形外接圆的工具
CN109230424A (zh) * 2018-07-27 2019-01-18 普定县万贵养殖有限公司 一种果蔬卸料装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE625448C (de) 1936-02-10
BE404695A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB429138A (en) 1935-05-24
FR778060A (fr) 1935-03-08

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