US20250223727A1 - Multifilament and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Multifilament and method for producing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US20250223727A1
US20250223727A1 US19/092,054 US202519092054A US2025223727A1 US 20250223727 A1 US20250223727 A1 US 20250223727A1 US 202519092054 A US202519092054 A US 202519092054A US 2025223727 A1 US2025223727 A1 US 2025223727A1
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filaments
gas
raw
multifilament
poly
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Yurina Ino
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Kaneka Corp
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Kaneka Corp
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
    • D01D5/16—Stretch-spinning methods using rollers, or like mechanical devices, e.g. snubbing pins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
    • D01F6/625—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters derived from hydroxy-carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/78—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products
    • D01F6/84—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products from copolyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/56—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multifilament and a method for producing the same.
  • Biodegradable plastics are the materials that can solve this problem, and the development of biodegradable plastics has been actively ongoing.
  • Patent Literatures 1 to 3 each disclose a method for producing a multifilament including a plurality of single filaments.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus used in a step (A) and a step B of a first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus used in a step (C) of the first embodiment.
  • the method for producing a multifilament according to the present embodiment is a method for obtaining a multifilament including a plurality of single filaments by melt spinning by using a spinning nozzle that includes a plurality of discharge holes.
  • the method for producing a multifilament according to the present embodiment includes the steps of: (A) heat-melting a raw material composition to obtain a molten product and discharging the molten product through the discharge holes to obtain a plurality of raw filaments in a molten state; and (B) blowing gases onto the plurality of raw filaments.
  • the raw material composition contains a poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin.
  • the temperature of the first gas is from (Tc ⁇ 45° C.) to (Tc ⁇ 30° C.) [Tc is the crystallization temperature of the poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin].
  • the temperature of the second gas is higher than the temperature of the first gas, and is from (Tc ⁇ 30° C.) to (Tc ⁇ 10° C.).
  • the average value of the fineness of the single filaments is 15 dtex or less.
  • the temperature of the first gas being (Tc ⁇ 30° C.) or lower, the breakage of the raw filaments can be suppressed.
  • the raw filaments are cooled sufficiently. Accordingly, a time during which the raw filaments are in the molten state can be shortened, and consequently, it is considered that the raw filaments are less likely to break. Also, a time during which the temperature of the raw filaments is within a temperature range in which the poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin of the raw filaments tends to be crystallized can be shortened, and consequently, it is considered that too much progress on the crystallization of the poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin can be avoided. Further, it is considered that the raw filaments have excellent flexibility (i.e., the raw filaments have a reduced elongational viscosity), and therefore, the raw filaments do not easily break when hauled off by haul-off rolls described below.
  • the temperature of the first gas being (Tc ⁇ 45° C.) or higher, the fusion of the single filaments to each other can be suppressed.
  • the temperature of the first gas being (Tc ⁇ 45° C.) or higher, it is considered that the crystallization of the poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin of the raw filaments is facilitated, so that the fusion of the raw filaments to each other is suppressed, and consequently, the fusion of the single filaments to each other is suppressed.
  • the temperature of the second gas being (Tc ⁇ 10° C.) or lower, the breakage of the raw filaments can be suppressed.
  • the temperature of the second gas being (Tc ⁇ 30° C.) or higher, the fusion of the single filaments to each other can be suppressed.
  • the polymer component includes the poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin.
  • the poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin is a polyester including a 3-hydroxyalkanoic acid as a monomer.
  • the poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin is a resin including the 3-hydroxyalkanoic acid as a structural unit.
  • the poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin is a biodegradable polymer.
  • biodegradable in the present embodiment means being able to be decomposed into low molecular weight compounds by microorganisms in a natural environment. Being biodegradable or not can be determined based on tests suited for different environments. Specifically, for example, ISO 14855 (compost) and ISO 14851 (activated sludge) are suited for an aerobic condition, and ISO 14853 (aqueous phase) and ISO 15985 (solid phase) are suited for an anaerobic condition. Also, biodegradability by microorganisms in seawater can be evaluated by biochemical oxygen demand measurement.
  • the poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin includes a homopolymer and/or a copolymer.
  • the poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin is a resin including 3-hydroxybutyrate as a structural unit (i.e., a poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) resin).
  • the temperature of the spinning nozzle 104 is, for example, from 140 to 180° C.
  • the number of discharge holes included in the spinning nozzle 104 is plural, preferably 30 or greater, more preferably from 30 to 10,000, or yet more preferably from 30 to 5,000.
  • each discharge hole is selected in accordance with required characteristics (e.g., appearance, fineness, strength, sectional shape, etc.) of the multifilament.
  • the discharge holes have substantially the same shape as each other. Also, the discharge holes have substantially the same area as each other.
  • the area of each discharge hole is preferably from 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 to 20 mm 2 , or more preferably from 5.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 to 10 mm 2 .
  • the speed at which the molten product is discharged from the spinning nozzle 104 (which may be hereinafter referred to as “spinning nozzle flow speed”) is preferably from 0.02 m/min to 20 m/min, more preferably from 0.05 m/min to 10 m/min, or yet more preferably from 0.1 m/min to 5.0 m/min.
  • spinning oil may be applied onto the surface of each of the plurality of raw filaments 100 A that have been cooled.
  • spinning oil examples include a cationic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a refined esterified oil, a mineral oil, a poly(oxyethylene) alkyl ether, a silicone oil, and a paraffin wax.
  • a cationic surfactant an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a refined esterified oil, a mineral oil, a poly(oxyethylene) alkyl ether, a silicone oil, and a paraffin wax.
  • One of these spinning oils may be used alone, or two or more of these spinning oils may be used in combination.
  • a silicone oil is preferable as the spinning oil.
  • an anionic surfactant or a nonionic surfactant is preferable as the spinning oil.
  • the spinning oil one that includes a silicone oil and an anionic surfactant can be used (e.g., “Polymax FKY” available from Marubishi Oil Chemical Co., Ltd.).
  • each gas is blown onto the plurality of raw filaments 100 A in a box.
  • Examples of a gas blowing method to adopt in the step (B) includes a circular method and a back-side method.
  • the back-side method is a method for blowing the gas onto the plurality of raw filaments in the box from one direction when the raw filaments are seen in their longitudinal direction (i.e., when the raw filaments are seen in a cross-sectional view of the raw filaments, the cross-sectional view being perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the raw filaments).
  • the circular method uses a box having a cylindrical side wall, and is a method for blowing the gas onto the plurality of raw filaments by blowing the gas into the cylindrical box helically along the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical side wall. It should be noted that a flow direction of the raw filaments is substantially parallel to a virtual axis of the cylindrical side wall.
  • the plurality of raw filaments pass through the inside of the cylindrical mesh.
  • the gas that has come into contact with the raw filaments is discharged from the box to the outside in the flow direction of the raw filaments.
  • a flow-straightening plate, a flow-straightening fin, an ejector, a venturi tube, or a Transvector available from KOGI CORPORATION Co., Ltd. can be used.
  • the step (B) includes the steps of (B1) blowing a first gas onto the plurality of raw filaments 100 A in a molten state to cool the plurality of raw filaments and (B2) blowing a second gas onto the plurality of raw filaments 100 A that have been cooled.
  • the first gas is blown onto the plurality of raw filaments 100 A in a molten state to cool the plurality of raw filaments 100 A.
  • the temperature of the first gas is from (Tc ⁇ 45° C.) to (Tc ⁇ 30° C.)
  • Tc is the crystallization temperature of the poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin]
  • crystallization temperature (Tc) of the poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin can be measured in accordance with JIS K7121-1987 “Testing Methods for Transition Temperatures of Plastics”.
  • a sample of the poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin in an amount of about 6.0 mg put in a measurement container is subjected to both heating and cooling at a heating rate of 10° C./min and a cooling rate of 10° C./min within a temperature range of ⁇ 30° C. to 180° C. while flowing a nitrogen gas at a flow rate of 50 ml/min.
  • the peak top temperature of the exothermic peak when the sample is subjected to the cooling for the second time is determined as the crystallization temperature.
  • the peak top temperature of the exothermic peak having the largest peak area among the two or more exothermic peaks is determined as the crystallization temperature.
  • the plurality of raw filaments 100 A are heated by the second haul-off roll unit 113 .
  • each roll unit the heating of the plurality of raw filaments 100 A by each roll unit is preferably controlled by each roll unit.
  • the orientation of the polymer component in the plurality of raw filaments 100 A is further increased.
  • the draw ratio in the step (C) can be determined by using an equation shown below.
  • Draw ratio in the step ( C ) the speed (m/min) of the drawing roll unit/the speed (m/min) of the haul-off roll unit used in the step ( C ) (in the first embodiment, the “second haul-off roll unit 113”)
  • a relaxation rate determined by using an equation shown below is preferably from 1 to 15%.
  • Relaxation rate (%) ((the speed of the drawing roll unit 114 ⁇ the speed of the winding roll unit that winds the plurality of raw filaments that have been drawn by the drawing roll unit (in the first embodiment, the “second winding roll unit 116”))/the speed of the winding roll unit that winds the plurality of raw filaments that have been drawn by the drawing roll unit) ⁇ 100
  • the speed (m/min) of the drawing roll unit is the length of the to-be-drawn multifilament fed per unit time by the drawing roll unit.
  • only one drawing roll unit is used.
  • a plurality of drawing roll units may be used.
  • the highest drawing roll unit speed among the plurality of drawing roll units is determined as the “speed of the drawing roll unit”.
  • the speed (m/min) of the haul-off roll unit used in the step (C) is the length of the to-be-drawn multifilament fed per unit time by the haul-off roll unit.
  • the speed (m/min) of the winding roll unit that winds the plurality of raw filaments that have been drawn by the drawing roll unit is the length of the plurality of raw filaments wound per unit time by the winding roll unit.
  • a method for producing a multifilament according to the second embodiment is a method for producing a multifilament by a spin-draw process.
  • the spin-draw process is a process in which multiple steps from a step of obtaining a plurality of raw filaments in a molten state by discharging a molten product through a plurality of discharge holes to a step of drawing the plurality of raw filaments by a drawing roll unit are performed as one process.
  • the spin-draw process is also referred to as a “SDY process” or a “direct spin-draw process”.
  • step (C) of the second embodiment as shown in FIG. 3 , after the step (B2), the plurality of raw filaments 100 A are hauled off by a haul-off roll unit 207 .
  • the plurality of raw filaments 100 A that have been hauled off by the haul-off roll unit 207 are drawn by three drawing roll units (a first drawing roll unit 208 , a second drawing roll unit 209 , and a third drawing roll unit 210 ).
  • the plurality of raw filaments 100 A that have been drawn by these drawing roll units are wound by a winding roll unit 212 , and thus the multifilament is obtained.
  • the feeding of the plurality of raw filaments that have been drawn by the drawing roll units may be performed by a take-off roll unit 211 .
  • the haul-off roll unit 207 includes two rolls. However, alternatively, the number of rolls included in the haul-off roll unit 207 may be one, or may be three or more.
  • each of the drawing roll units 208 , 209 , and 210 includes two rolls.
  • the number of rolls included in each of the drawing roll units 208 , 209 , and 210 may be one, or may be three or more.
  • the temperature of each of the drawing roll units 208 , 209 , and 210 is preferably from 30 to 100° C., or more preferably from 40 to 90° C.
  • a spinning draft ratio is preferably 50 or greater, or more preferably 80 or greater.
  • the NDR is 5,000 or less.
  • the NDR can be determined by using an equation shown below.
  • NDR the speed (m/min) of the haul-off roll unit that first hauls off the filaments from the spinning nozzle (i.e., first haul-off roll unit)/the spinning nozzle flow speed (m/min)
  • the orientation of the polymer component included in the plurality of raw filaments 100 A can be increased, and consequently, the strength of the multifilament can be further increased.
  • the first haul-off roll unit is the first haul-off roll unit 107 , which hauls off the plurality of raw filaments 100 A.
  • the multifilament can be fabricated by the above-described method for producing a multifilament.
  • the average value of the fineness of the single filaments is determined by using an equation shown below.
  • the fusion rate of the single filaments can be determined in a manner described below.
  • the cut surface of the multifilament is observed, and the total number of single filaments included in the multifilament is counted at the cut surface, and the number of single filaments fused to other single filaments at the cut surface (in other words, a number obtained by subtracting “the number of single filaments not fused to other single filaments” from “the total number of single filaments included in the multifilament”) is counted.
  • SEM scanning electron microscope
  • the maximum height roughness of the single filaments being 0.10 ⁇ m or greater, the fusion of the single filaments to each other is advantageously suppressed.
  • the maximum height roughness of the single filaments being 0.50 ⁇ m or less, when the multifilament is processed to obtain a processed product, for example, the single filaments are suppressed from getting caught on a processing machine or the like, and as a result, excellent processability is achieved, which is advantageous.
  • the maximum height roughness of the single filaments can be determined in a manner described below in Examples.
  • the multifilaments and/or the staples may be used to fabricate a fibrous product (a fibrous body).
  • the multifilaments, the staples, and the fibrous product can be suitably used for conventionally known use applications.
  • the multifilaments, the staples, and the fibrous product can be suitably used in the fields of, for example, agriculture (e.g., horticulture), fishery, forestry, medical care, and food industry.
  • fibrous product examples include clothes, curtains, carpets, bags, shoes, wiping materials, sanitary items, automobile parts, building materials, and filtration materials (filters).
  • a method for producing a multifilament including a plurality of single filaments by melt spinning by using a spinning nozzle that includes a plurality of discharge holes including the steps of: (A) heat-melting a raw material composition to obtain a molten product and discharging the molten product through the discharge holes to obtain a plurality of raw filaments in a molten state; and (B) blowing gases onto the plurality of raw filaments, wherein: the raw material composition contains a poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin; the step (B) includes the steps of (B1) blowing a first gas onto the plurality of raw filaments in the molten state to cool the plurality of raw filaments and (B2) blowing a second gas onto the plurality of raw filaments that have been cooled in the step (B1); in the step (B1), a temperature of the first gas is from (Tc ⁇ 45° C.) to (Tc ⁇ 30° C.) [Tc is a crystallization temperature of the poly(
  • a speed of the first gas is from 0.1 to 1.0 m/s.
  • a speed of the second gas is from 0.005 to 1.5 m/s.
  • a multifilament comprising a plurality of single filaments, wherein: the single filaments each contain a poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin; an average value of fineness of the single filaments is 15 dtex or less; and a fusion rate of the single filaments is 10% or less.
  • a maximum height roughness of the single filaments is from 0.10 to 0.50 ⁇ m.
  • a multifilament was fabricated by a method described in the first embodiment (specifically, by a sequential drawing process).
  • P3HA poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin
  • a (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) copolymer resin with a content ratio of a 3-hydroxybutyrate unit of 94.0 mol %, a content ratio of a 3-hydroxyhexanoate unit of 6 mol %, a crystallization temperature (Tc) of 60° C., and a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of 582,936): 100 parts by mass
  • crystallization temperature and the weight-average molecular weight of the P3HA were each measured in the above-described manner.
  • the content ratio of the 3-hydroxybutyrate unit and the content ratio of the 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HH) unit in the P3HA were determined in a manner described below.
  • the monomer unit composition of the aforementioned degradation product in the supernatant solution was analyzed by capillary gas chromatography under the conditions indicated below, and thereby the content ratio of the 3-hydroxybutyrate unit and the content ratio of the 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HH) unit in the P3HA were determined.
  • the temperature was raised from 100 to 200° C. at a rate of 8° C./min, and then raised from 200 to 290° C. at a rate of 30° C./min.
  • the kneading extruder 102 (single screw extruder with a screw diameter of 25 mm) was used to melt the pellets, and thereby a molten product was obtained.
  • the molten product was discharged from the spinning nozzle 104 (at a spinning temperature of 175° C. and with 180 circular discharge holes having an discharge hole diameter of 0.5 mm), and thereby 180 raw filaments 100 A were obtained.
  • the first gas (air) having a temperature of 23.8° C. was blown onto the 180 raw filaments 100 A in a molten state by the circular method at a gas speed of 0.22 m/s, and thereby the 180 raw filaments 100 A were cooled.
  • the second gas (air) having a temperature of 34.1° C. was blown onto the 180 raw filaments 100 A by the back-side method at a gas speed of 0.20 m/s, and thereby the 180 raw filaments 100 A were warmed up.
  • Table 1 below shows the conditions in the step (B1) and the step (B2), including “a value (T2 ⁇ T1) obtained by subtracting a temperature (T1) of the first gas from a temperature (T2) of the second gas”, “T1 ⁇ Tc”, and “T2 ⁇ Tc”.
  • the 180 raw filaments 100 A were hauled off by the first haul-off roll unit 107 (at 560 m/min), and then the 180 raw filaments 100 A were passed through the first feeding roll unit 108 (at 560 m/min), the second feeding roll unit 109 (at 560 m/min, 70° C.), the third feeding roll unit 110 (at 560 m/min), and the fourth feeding roll unit 111 (at 560 m/min) sequentially. Thereafter, the 180 raw filaments 100 A were wound by the first winding roll unit (at 530 m/min), which were then kept at room temperature (from 5 to 35° C.) for 18 hours.
  • the 180 raw filaments 100 A were hauled off from the first winding roll unit 112 by the second haul-off roll unit 113 (at 55.5 m/min and 30° C.), drawn by the drawing roll unit 114 (at 110 m/min and 90° C.), fed by the heat treatment roll unit 115 (at 100 m/min and 100° C.), and wound by the second winding roll unit 116 (at 100 m/min). In this manner, a multifilament was obtained.
  • the draw ratio was 2.0 times, and the relaxation rate was 10%.
  • each of the haul-off roll units and feeding roll units used above includes two rolls that roll at the same speed and that have the same temperature.
  • a multifilament was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the conditions in the step (B-1) and the step (B-2) were changed as shown in Table 1 below.
  • a multifilament was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the 180 raw filaments 100 A were cooled in the step (B-2) and the conditions in the step (B-1) and the step (B-2) were changed as shown in Table 1 below.
  • a multifilament was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the conditions in the step (B-1) were changed as shown in Table 1 below and the step (B-2) was not performed.
  • Table 1 below shows the measured average value of the fineness of the single filaments.
  • the fusion rate of the single filaments in the multifilament was measured in the above-described manner.
  • Table 1 below shows the measured fusion rate of the single filaments.
  • the surface roughness of the single filaments in the multifilament was measured in accordance with JIS B0601: 2001. Also, the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the single filaments and the maximum height roughness Rz of the single filaments were determined in accordance with JIS B0601: 2001.
  • the surface roughness of the single filaments were measured in the longitudinal direction of each single filament, and the arithmetic mean roughness of each single filament and the maximum height roughness of each single filament were calculated. Then, the average of the arithmetic mean roughness calculated values of the respective single filaments was defined as the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the single filaments, and the average of the maximum height roughness calculated values of the respective single filaments was defined as the maximum height roughness Rz of the single filaments.
  • the surface roughness measurement was performed under the conditions indicated below.
  • Table 1 shows the arithmetic mean roughness of the single filaments and the maximum height roughness of the single filaments.
  • Comparative Example 2 in which the temperature of the first gas in the step (B1) was higher than (Tc ⁇ 30° C.), Comparative Example 4, in which the temperature of the second gas in the step (B2) was higher than (Tc ⁇ 10° C.), and Comparative Example 5, in which the step (B1) was not performed, the breakage of raw filaments occurred, and the multifilament could not be fabricated.
  • the breakage of the raw filaments can be suppressed, and the fusion of the single filaments to each other can be suppressed.
  • the fusion rate of the single filaments in each of Examples 1 to 5 was even less than the fusion rate of the single filaments in Example 6, in which the speed of the second gas was a low speed of 0.01 m/s.
  • the fusion rate of the single filaments in each of Examples 1 to 4 was even less than the fusion rate of the single filaments in Example 5, in which the speed of the first gas was a high speed of 0.43 m/s.

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