US20240151411A1 - Thermal Liquid Battery - Google Patents
Thermal Liquid Battery Download PDFInfo
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- US20240151411A1 US20240151411A1 US18/503,146 US202318503146A US2024151411A1 US 20240151411 A1 US20240151411 A1 US 20240151411A1 US 202318503146 A US202318503146 A US 202318503146A US 2024151411 A1 US2024151411 A1 US 2024151411A1
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 545
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- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
- F24F2005/0025—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice using heat exchange fluid storage tanks
Definitions
- the present invention represents a novel approach to thermal energy storage, significantly diverging from the established designs of thermal batteries commonly employed in large-scale applications.
- Traditional thermal batteries such as those utilizing a sand medium, are optimized for the conservation of substantial quantities of thermal energy suitable for extensive structures and communal utility systems. The volumetric and infrastructural demands of such sand batteries render them impractical for individual residential applications.
- the invention at hand capitalizes on the use of water as a thermal storage medium, a resource that is inherently compatible with the domestic environment.
- Water ubiquitous and versatile, can be effortlessly integrated into a household setting, functioning dually in its heated and cooled states. This integration is facilitated by the fact that water can be pumped directly into a residence with minimal complexity.
- the inventive concept brings forth a significant advancement in thermal battery technology, presenting a versatile solution that is adaptable to a variety of settings and scales.
- the feasibility of this system relies merely on the availability of water, a source of energy, and a compressor, thus broadening the scope of thermal energy storage to almost any context where these elements are present.
- a method of use of a thermal battery HVAC system comprising receiving an HVAC input fluid, exchanging heat with said HVAC input fluid to generate a climate-controlled air output and a liquid refrigerant, receiving one or more fluid inputs with a fluid management assembly, storing a portion of said one or more fluid inputs in one or more fluid containers, sending a portion of said one or more fluid inputs out of said fluid management assembly as one or more fluid outputs, managing said one or more fluid inputs and said one or more fluid outputs with a controller application in a controller, assessing a fluid temperature and a fluid flow rate for a portion of said one or more fluid inputs and said one or more fluid outputs, and selectively sending said HVAC input fluid at an optimal temperature from said one or more fluid inputs.
- a portion of said one or more fluid inputs comprises said liquid refrigerant from an HVAC fluid output of an HVAC system, and a stored water from said one or more fluid containers.
- a portion of said one or more fluid outputs comprises said HVAC input fluid sent to a fluid input and a storage input fluid sent to said one or more fluid containers.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a prior art HVAC system 100 with a blower 110 .
- FIG. 2 illustrates said prior art HVAC system 100 with a geothermal loop 200 , respectively.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a thermal battery HVAC system 300 .
- FIGS. 4 A and 4 B illustrate a first fluid container 302 a and one or more fluid containers 302 , respectively.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a fluid management assembly 304 , one or more fluid inputs 306 and one or more fluid outputs 308 .
- FIG. 6 illustrates a controller block diagram 600 of a controller 500 and portions of said thermal battery HVAC system 300 .
- FIG. 7 illustrates a HVAC fluid overview 700 .
- FIGS. 8 A and 8 B illustrate one or more HVAC settings 624 and a temperature summary table 800 illustrating a delta-temperature 802 throughout a day.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a temperature and delta-temperature chart 900 and a projected energy consumption chart 902 .
- FIG. 10 illustrates said temperature and delta-temperature chart 900 with a second projected energy consumption chart 1000 .
- FIGS. 11 A and 11 B illustrate a summary table 1100 of said projected energy consumption chart 902 and a daylight projections 1102 of said projected energy consumption chart 902 .
- FIG. 12 illustrates a method of use 1200 of said thermal battery HVAC system 300 .
- FIG. 1 illustrates a prior art HVAC system 100 with a blower 110 .
- said prior art HVAC system 100 can comprise a blower only system 100 a comprising an HVAC system 102 , a fluid input 104 , a climate-controlled air output 106 , an HVAC fluid output 108 and said blower 110 .
- said fluid input 104 can receive an outside air 116 and said HVAC fluid output 108 can output an exhaust air 118 to said blower 110 . All fluids received by said fluid input 104 can be referred to as an HVAC fluid
- said HVAC system 102 can be powered by an electrical power input 114 .
- said electrical power input 114 can comprise solar energy, grid energy, battery energy, or similar.
- FIG. 2 illustrates said prior art HVAC system 100 with a geothermal loop 200 , respectively.
- said prior art HVAC system 100 can comprise a geothermal system 100 b which can comprise said HVAC system 102 , said fluid input 104 , said climate-controlled air output 106 , said HVAC fluid output 108 and said geothermal loop 200 .
- a geothermal system 100 b which can comprise said HVAC system 102 , said fluid input 104 , said climate-controlled air output 106 , said HVAC fluid output 108 and said geothermal loop 200 .
- said HVAC fluid output 108 can comprise a liquid refrigerant 202 having received heat or given heat to said climate-controlled air output 106 ; wherein, said liquid refrigerant 202 can be passed through said geothermal loop 200 to bring said liquid refrigerant 202 to an ambient ground temperature 208 and sent to said fluid input 104 as a geothermally treated fluid 204 .
- said geothermally treated fluid 204 can also be referred to as an HVAC input fluid 206 .
- Compressors such as those used in said HVAC system 102 —must account for equal heat and cooling energy output.
- said climate-controlled air output 106 can comprise cooled air used to cool a home during the summer, but in creating said climate-controlled air output 106 said HVAC system 102 will create said HVAC fluid output 108 having an equal and opposite heating energy to that of the cooled air.
- said HVAC fluid output 108 is discharged by said blower 110 being arranged alongside a building or home.
- One alternative to said blower 110 can comprise said geothermal loop 200 used to pump water through the ground to return the fluid to a temperature approximately equal to ground temperature. Accordingly, a fluid output from said geothermal loop 200 can be returned into said fluid input 104 at ground temperature to bypass said blower 110 and to begin the process of said HVAC system 102 at a higher temperature than at ambient outdoor temperatures.
- Use of said geothermal loop 200 can be more efficient as less energy from said electrical power input 114 may be required.
- installation of said geothermal loop 200 can be costly and require upkeep.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a thermal battery HVAC system 300 .
- said thermal battery HVAC system 300 can comprise said HVAC system 102 , said fluid input 104 , said climate-controlled air output 106 , said HVAC fluid output 108 , said blower 110 , said geothermal loop 200 , and said electrical power input 114 .
- said thermal battery HVAC system 300 can comprise one or more fluid containers 302 .
- said thermal battery HVAC system 300 can further comprise a fluid management assembly 304 .
- Said fluid management assembly 304 can comprise one or more manifolds and control valves configured to receive one or more fluid inputs 306 from multiple sources and send portions of said one or more fluid inputs 306 to one or more fluid outputs 308 .
- said one or more fluid inputs 306 can comprise said liquid refrigerant 202 , a fresh input fluids 310 , said geothermally treated fluid 204 , and a stored water 312 .
- said stored water 312 can comprise a portion of fluids stored in said one or more fluid containers 302 .
- said one or more fluid outputs 308 can comprise said HVAC input fluid 206 , a geothermal input fluid 314 , a storage input fluid 316 , and a discarded fluid 318 .
- Examples of destinations for said discarded fluid 318 can include a waste drain 320 , an irrigation system 322 , or a grey water system 324 .
- said thermal battery HVAC system 300 represent an arrangement of said HVAC system 102 with said one or more fluid containers 302 for reuse in said fluid input 104 .
- said liquid refrigerant 202 is water and said climate-controlled air output 106 is cool air
- said liquid refrigerant 202 being warmer than said ambient ground temperature 208 or said climate-controlled air output 106
- said thermal battery HVAC system 300 can send said stored water 312 from said one or more fluid containers 302 to said fluid input 104 .
- said cold water can be stored in said one or more fluid containers 302 .
- said thermal battery HVAC system 300 can transfer unused heat or cooling energy to a different part of a heating or cooling cycle.
- FIGS. 4 A and 4 B illustrate a first fluid container 302 a and said one or more fluid containers 302 , respectively.
- said one or more fluid containers 302 can comprise said first fluid container 302 a , a second fluid container 302 b , and a third fluid container 302 c.
- Each among said one or more fluid containers 302 can comprise one or more temperature sensors 402 and a fluid level sensor 404 .
- said one or more temperature sensors 402 and said fluid level sensor 404 can monitor a status of a fluid 406 within each among said one or more fluid containers 302 .
- Said fluid level sensor 404 can measure a fluid level 408 within said one or more fluid containers 302 .
- Each among said one or more fluid containers 302 can comprise at least a first fluid input 410 and a first fluid output 412 .
- said one or more temperature sensors 402 and said fluid level sensor 404 can comprise a plurality of sensors arranged within said one or more fluid containers 302 for measuring temperatures and fluid status at various heights within an internal cavity 414 of said one or more fluid containers 302 .
- said one or more fluid containers 302 can be insulated to prevent heat loss or gain from an outside environment into said internal cavity 414 .
- thermal battery HVAC system 300 can include the ability to store said fluid 406 at multiple temperatures by utilizing a plurality of said one or more fluid containers 302 . For example, said fluid 406 at a temperature above room temperature in said first fluid container 302 a and said fluid 406 below room temperature in said second fluid container 302 b.
- said thermal battery HVAC system 300 can adjust and calculate a temperature of said fluid input 104 coming from said one or more fluid containers 302 .
- fluids into and out of said one or more fluid containers 302 can be pulled and pushed using one or more fluid pumps 416 .
- FIG. 5 illustrates said fluid management assembly 304 , said one or more fluid inputs 306 and said one or more fluid outputs 308 .
- Said thermal battery HVAC system 300 can comprise a controller 500 configured for managing data collected by said thermal battery HVAC system 300 and sending control signals to its components for optimal operation, as discussed below.
- each among said one or more fluid inputs 306 and said one or more fluid outputs 308 can be measured using a fluid temperature sensor 502 to measure a fluid temperature 508 and a fluid flow rate sensor 504 to measure a fluid flow rate 510 . Further each among said one or more fluid inputs 306 can be connected to each among said one or more fluid outputs 308 and selectively closed and opened using a control valve 506 .
- said geothermally treated fluid 204 can be connected to each among said HVAC input fluid 206 , said discarded fluid 318 , said storage input fluid 316 and said geothermal input fluid 314 and managed using a first control valve 506 a , a second control valve 506 b , a third control valve 506 c , and a fourth control valve 506 d.
- said controller 500 can receive signals from said fluid temperature sensor 502 , said fluid flow rate sensor 504 and said control valve 506 and can manage a flow of said one or more fluid inputs 306 , and said one or more fluid outputs 308 according to software instructions, as discussed below.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a controller block diagram 600 of said controller 500 and portions of said thermal battery HVAC system 300 .
- said controller 500 can comprise a computer configured for controlling parts of said fluid management assembly 304 .
- Said controller 500 can comprise a memory 602 , one or more processors 604 , a communication system 606 , a power system 608 , and similar as is known in the art.
- Said thermal battery HVAC system 300 can further comprise a controller application 610 stored in said memory 602 and executed in said one or more processors 604 .
- Said memory 602 can store and access a historical data 612 and a system settings 614 for said thermal battery HVAC system 300 .
- Said communication system 606 can comprise a network hardware, bus or other COMM protocol for communicating with various sensors, peripherals and auxiliary systems as discussed herein and known in the art.
- said communication system 606 can be in data communication with said fluid management assembly 304 to measure and/or control said fluid temperature sensor 502 , said control valve 506 , and said fluid flow rate sensor 504 for each among said one or more fluid inputs 306 and said one or more fluid outputs 308 .
- control of said one or more fluid inputs 306 and said one or more fluid outputs 308 of said fluid management assembly 304 can be done according to instructions held withing said controller application 610 in said memory 602 and said controller 500 .
- said communication system 606 can communicate with and gather data from remote resources such as a weather database 616 , an energy costs data 618 and/or a server application 620 with instructions related the operation of said thermal battery HVAC system 300 .
- said communication system 606 can communicate with such systems over a network 628 such as the internet.
- said controller 500 can comprise communicate with a human machine interface such as a thermostat for receiving and managing one or more HVAC settings 624 from an end user. Similarly, said controller 500 can receive data from one or more climate control sensors 626 which can be associated with said thermal battery HVAC system 300 .
- said controller 500 can be configured to monitor a state of said HVAC system 102 , said fluid management assembly 304 , said fluid management assembly 304 and said one or more fluid containers 302 , as discussed below.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a HVAC fluid overview 700 .
- said HVAC system 102 can comprise an HVAC fluid loop 702 and a compressor-heat-exchanger assembly 704 .
- said HVAC input fluid 206 can come into said HVAC system 102 at an optimal or nearly optimal temperature for the efficient exchange of energy with said HVAC fluid loop 702 .
- a compressor can be used to further optimize a temperature of said HVAC input fluid 206
- a heat exchanger can optimally transfer heat from said HVAC input fluid 206 into said HVAC fluid loop 702 .
- said HVAC fluid loop 702 can then interact with other portions of said HVAC system 102 such as an evaporator coil to generate said climate-controlled air output 106 .
- said HVAC input fluid 206 can comprise water, but could also be various types of refrigerants as is known in the art.
- said HVAC fluid loop 702 can comprise a fluid as is known in the art.
- said HVAC fluid output 108 can be channeled using said fluid management assembly 304 to said one or more fluid containers 302 , said electrical power input 114 , said HVAC input fluid 206 or said discarded fluid 318 .
- said HVAC system 102 can comprise one or more circulating pumps 706 and one or more fans 708 to move said fluid 406 and/or said climate-controlled air output 106 .
- FIGS. 8 A and 8 B illustrate said one or more HVAC settings 624 and a temperature summary table 800 illustrating a delta-temperature 802 throughout a day.
- said HVAC fluid output 108 can comprise hot fluids during daytime and cold fluids overnight.
- said thermal battery HVAC system 300 can send cold water to said fluid input 104 during the day, and hot water to said fluid input 104 during the night.
- the terms “hot” and “cold” are relative to an HVAC temperature setting 804 .
- said HVAC temperature setting 804 can comprise 72 degrees Fahrenheit.
- said HVAC system 102 can utilize the off-temperature input of said fluid input 104 .
- said electrical power input 114 is reduced come up and consequently the need for a home battery is reduced as well.
- This example is equally viable in humid climates such as Houston, Texas, or intermediate clients such as Amarillo, Texas. For example, Houston's May temperatures range from 68 degrees Fahrenheit to 86 degrees Fahrenheit.
- Said temperature summary table 800 can comprise a calculation of said delta-temperature 802 relative to an outdoor temperature 806 , a solar state 808 and a time of day 810 .
- FIG. 9 illustrates a temperature and delta-temperature chart 900 and a projected energy consumption chart 902 .
- Said temperature and delta-temperature chart 900 can comprise a graphical representation of said temperature summary table 800 . It is noted that in days where said HVAC temperature setting 804 is between a predicted high temperature 904 and a predicted low temperature 906 , there will be at least two temperature crossovers 908 comprising a first temperature crossover 908 a and a second temperature crossover 908 b.
- said time of day 810 on said temperature and delta-temperature chart 900 and said projected energy consumption chart 902 are aligned to show energy consumption drops at said two temperature crossovers 908 . It follows that if said HVAC system 102 is not working to alter said delta-temperature 802 when said HVAC temperature setting 804 is close to said outdoor temperature 806 .
- said blower only system 100 a is less efficient than said geothermal system 100 b .
- Said projected energy consumption chart 902 illustrates a consumption by said blower only system 100 a with a blower kW data 910 , consumption by said geothermal system 100 b with a geothermal kW data 912 , and consumption said thermal battery HVAC system 300 by a projected improved kW 914 .
- said projected improved kW 914 comprises a projection of efficiencies of said thermal battery HVAC system 300 over said blower only system 100 a and said geothermal system 100 b.
- passing said fluid 406 through said one or more fluid containers 302 after daylight at 7 am-11 am can comprise a substantial benefit since these hours require less stored heat from said one or more fluid containers 302 . That is, there is a period of the day in which no use of a compressor in said HVAC system 102 to heat fluids such as said climate-controlled air output 106 . In such times, only said one or more fans 708 and said one or more circulating pumps 706 can be operational to circulate cool or hot air using said HVAC system 102 .
- said one or more fluid containers 302 comprises sufficient reserve hot or cold water, relative to said HVAC temperature setting 804 , a compressor need not run in said HVAC system 102 .
- said thermal battery HVAC system 300 is like a hybrid car where the compressor is the gas engine and said one or more fluid containers 302 are the batteries.
- the engine only runs as much as said one or more fluid containers 302 need heat and cold for the day.
- said thermal battery HVAC system 300 only runs when the sun shines!!! How cool is that!!
- FIG. 10 illustrates said temperature and delta-temperature chart 900 with a second projected energy consumption chart 1000 .
- FIGS. 11 A and 11 B illustrate a summary table 1100 of said projected energy consumption chart 902 and a daylight projections 1102 of said projected energy consumption chart 902 .
- Said summary table 1100 comprises projected consumption of power by said blower only system 100 a , said geothermal system 100 b and said thermal battery HVAC system 300 , as discussed above.
- said daylight projections 1102 comprises a pivot table of said summary table 1100 with said solar state 808 as a left-hand column.
- thermal battery HVAC system 300 One objective of said thermal battery HVAC system 300 is to capture heat when said solar state 808 is in daylight and spend that heat during dark. Thereby, said thermal battery HVAC system 300 can minimize a size of a battery required for a household if powered by solar power. For example, where said one or more fluid containers 302 provides heat for 3-5 hours into the dark periods, as illustrated, a nighttime power consumption 1104 can be reduced by 25%.
- FIG. 12 illustrates a method of use 1200 of said thermal battery HVAC system 300 .
- Said method of use 1200 can comprise one or more steps 1202 which can comprise a first step 1202 a , a second step 1202 b , a third step 1202 c , a fourth step 1202 d , a fifth step 1202 e , a sixth step 1202 f , a seventh step 1202 g , and an eighth step 1202 h , as illustrated and described below.
- said method of use 1200 can comprise: receiving said HVAC input fluid 206 , exchanging heat with said HVAC input fluid 206 to generate said climate-controlled air output 106 and said liquid refrigerant 202 , receiving said one or more fluid inputs 306 with said fluid management assembly 304 , storing a portion of said one or more fluid inputs 306 in said one or more fluid containers 302 , sending a portion of said one or more fluid inputs 306 out of said fluid management assembly 304 as said one or more fluid outputs 308 , managing said one or more fluid inputs 306 and said one or more fluid outputs 308 with said controller application 610 in said controller 500 , assessing said fluid temperature 508 and said fluid flow rate 510 for a portion of said one or more fluid inputs 306 and said one or more fluid outputs 308 , selectively sending said HVAC input fluid 206 at an optimal temperature from said one or more fluid inputs 306 ; wherein a portion of said one or more fluid inputs 306 can comprise said liquid refrigerant 202 from
- said method of use 1200 of said thermal battery HVAC system 300 can comprise receiving said HVAC input fluid 206 , exchanging heat with said HVAC input fluid 206 to generate said climate-controlled air output 106 and said liquid refrigerant 202 , receiving said one or more fluid inputs 306 with said fluid management assembly 304 , storing a portion of said one or more fluid inputs 306 in said one or more fluid containers 302 , sending a portion of said one or more fluid inputs 306 out of said fluid management assembly 304 as said one or more fluid outputs 308 , managing said one or more fluid inputs 306 and said one or more fluid outputs 308 with said controller application 610 in said controller 500 , assessing said fluid temperature 508 and said fluid flow rate 510 for a portion of said one or more fluid inputs 306 and said one or more fluid outputs 308 , and selectively sending said HVAC input fluid 206 at an optimal temperature from said one or more fluid inputs 306 .
- a portion of said one or more fluid inputs 306 comprises said liquid refrigerant 202 from said HVAC fluid output 108 of said HVAC system 102 , and said stored water 312 from said one or more fluid containers 302 .
- a portion of said one or more fluid outputs 308 comprises said HVAC input fluid 206 sent to said fluid input 104 and said storage input fluid 316 sent to said one or more fluid containers 302 .
- Said method of use 1200 of said thermal battery HVAC system 300 can comprise receiving said HVAC input fluid 206 , exchanging heat with said HVAC input fluid 206 to generate said climate-controlled air output 106 and said liquid refrigerant 202 , receiving said one or more fluid inputs 306 with said fluid management assembly 304 , storing a portion of said one or more fluid inputs 306 in said one or more fluid containers 302 , sending a portion of said one or more fluid inputs 306 out of said fluid management assembly 304 as said one or more fluid outputs 308 , managing said one or more fluid inputs 306 and said one or more fluid outputs 308 with said controller application 610 in said controller 500 , assessing said fluid temperature 508 and said fluid flow rate 510 for a portion of said one or more fluid inputs 306 and said one or more fluid outputs 308 , and selectively sending said HVAC input fluid 206 at an optimal temperature from said one or more fluid inputs 306 .
- a portion of said one or more fluid inputs 306 comprises said liquid refrigerant 202 from said HVAC fluid output 108 of said HVAC system 102 , and said stored water 312 from said one or more fluid containers 302 .
- a portion of said one or more fluid outputs 308 comprises said HVAC input fluid 206 sent to said fluid input 104 and said storage input fluid 316 sent to said one or more fluid containers 302 .
- Said method of use 1200 of said thermal battery HVAC system 300 can comprise receiving said HVAC input fluid 206 , exchanging heat with said HVAC input fluid 206 to generate said climate-controlled air output 106 and said liquid refrigerant 202 , receiving said one or more fluid inputs 306 with said fluid management assembly 304 , storing a portion of said one or more fluid inputs 306 in said one or more fluid containers 302 , and sending a portion of said one or more fluid inputs 306 out of said fluid management assembly 304 as said one or more fluid outputs 308 .
- Fluids received by said fluid input 104 can be referred to as an HVAC fluid.
- a portion of said one or more fluid inputs 306 comprises said liquid refrigerant 202 from said HVAC fluid output 108 of said HVAC system 102 , and said stored water 312 from said one or more fluid containers 302 .
- a portion of said one or more fluid outputs 308 comprises said HVAC input fluid 206 sent to said fluid input 104 and said storage input fluid 316 sent to said one or more fluid containers 302 .
- Said fluid input 104 can receive said outside air 116 and said HVAC fluid output 108 can output said exhaust air 118 to said blower 110 .
- Said HVAC system 102 can be powered by said electrical power input 114 .
- Said electrical power input 114 can be selected among: solar energy, grid energy, battery energy, or similar.
- Said one or more fluid outputs 308 comprises said HVAC input fluid 206 , said geothermal input fluid 314 , said storage input fluid 316 , and said discarded fluid 318 .
- said liquid refrigerant 202 can be cooler than said climate-controlled air output 106 , and said climate-controlled air output 106 can be hot air
- said cold water can be stored in said one or more fluid containers 302 .
- said thermal battery HVAC system 300 can transfer unused heat or cooling energy to a different part of a heating or cooling cycle.
- Each among said one or more fluid containers 302 comprises said one or more temperature sensors 402 and said fluid level sensor 404 .
- Said one or more temperature sensors 402 and said fluid level sensor 404 can monitor a status of said fluid 406 within each among said one or more fluid containers 302 .
- Said fluid level sensor 404 can measure said fluid level 408 within said one or more fluid containers 302 .
- Each among said one or more fluid containers 302 comprises at least said first fluid input 410 and said first fluid output 412 .
- Said one or more temperature sensors 402 and said fluid level sensor 404 comprises a plurality of sensors arranged within said one or more fluid containers 302 for measuring temperatures and fluid status at various heights within said internal cavity 414 of said one or more fluid containers 302 .
- Said one or more fluid containers 302 can be insulated to prevent heat loss or gain from an outside environment into said internal cavity 414 .
- Said thermal battery HVAC system 300 can be configured to store said fluid 406 at multiple temperatures by utilizing a plurality of said one or more fluid containers 302 . Said fluid 406 at a temperature above room temperature in said first fluid container 302 a and said fluid 406 below room temperature in said second fluid container 302 b.
- said thermal battery HVAC system 300 can adjust and calculate a temperature of said fluid input 104 coming from said one or more fluid containers 302 .
- Each among said one or more fluid inputs 306 and said one or more fluid outputs 308 can be measured using said fluid temperature sensor 502 to measure said fluid temperature 508 and said fluid flow rate sensor 504 to measure said fluid flow rate 510 .
- Each among said one or more fluid inputs 306 can be connected to each among said one or more fluid outputs 308 and selectively closed and opened using said control valve 506 .
- Said geothermally treated fluid 204 can be connected to each among said HVAC input fluid 206 , said discarded fluid 318 , said storage input fluid 316 and said geothermal input fluid 314 and managed using said first control valve 506 a , said second control valve 506 b , said third control valve 506 c , and said fourth control valve 506 d .
- Said controller 500 can receive signals from said fluid temperature sensor 502 , said fluid flow rate sensor 504 and said control valve 506 and can manage a flow of said one or more fluid inputs 306 , and said one or more fluid outputs 308 according to software instructions, as discussed below.
- Said controller 500 comprises a computer configured for controlling parts of said fluid management assembly 304 .
- Said controller 500 comprises said memory 602 , said one or more processors 604 , said communication system 606 , and said power system 608 .
- Said thermal battery HVAC system 300 can further comprise said controller application 610 stored in said memory 602 and executed in said one or more processors 604 .
- Said memory 602 can store and access said historical data 612 and said system settings 614 for said thermal battery HVAC system 300 .
- Said communication system 606 comprises a network hardware, bus or other COMM protocol for communicating with various sensors, peripherals and auxiliary systems as discussed herein and known in the art.
- Said communication system 606 can be in data communication with said fluid management assembly 304 to measure and/or control said fluid temperature sensor 502 , said control valve 506 , and said fluid flow rate sensor 504 for each among said one or more fluid inputs 306 and said one or more fluid outputs 308 .
- Control of said one or more fluid inputs 306 and said one or more fluid outputs 308 of said fluid management assembly 304 can be done according to instructions held withing said controller application 610 in said memory 602 and said controller 500 .
- Said communication system 606 can communicate with and gather data from remote resources such as said weather database 616 , said energy costs data 618 and/or said server application 620 with instructions related the operation of said thermal battery HVAC system 300 .
- Said communication system 606 can communicate with such systems over said network 628 such as the internet.
- Said HVAC system 102 comprises said HVAC fluid loop 702 and said compressor-heat-exchanger assembly 704 .
- Said HVAC input fluid 206 can come into said HVAC system 102 at an optimal or nearly optimal temperature for the efficient exchange of energy with said HVAC fluid loop 702 .
- a compressor can be used to further optimize a temperature of said HVAC input fluid 206 , and a heat exchanger can optimally transfer heat from said HVAC input fluid 206 into said HVAC fluid loop 702 .
- Said HVAC fluid loop 702 can then interact with other portions of said HVAC system 102 such as an evaporator coil to generate said climate-controlled air output 106 .
- Said HVAC fluid output 108 can be channeled using said fluid management assembly 304 to said one or more fluid containers 302 , said electrical power input 114 , said HVAC input fluid 206 or said discarded fluid 318 .
- said HVAC system 102 comprises said one or more circulating pumps 706 and said one or more fans 708 to move said fluid 406 and/or said climate-controlled air output 106 .
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Abstract
A method of use of a thermal battery HVAC system comprising receiving an HVAC input fluid. exchanging heat with the HVAC input fluid to generate a climate-controlled air output and a liquid refrigerant. receiving one or more fluid inputs with a fluid management assembly. storing a portion of the one or more fluid inputs in one or more fluid containers. sending a portion of the one or more fluid inputs out of the fluid management assembly as one or more fluid outputs. managing the one or more fluid inputs and the one or more fluid outputs with a controller application in a controller. assessing a fluid temperature and a fluid flow rate for a portion of the one or more fluid inputs and the one or more fluid outputs. and selectively sending the HVAC input fluid at an optimal temperature from the one or more fluid inputs.
Description
- This application claims benefit to and incorporates by reference to US provisional utility application Ser. No. 63/382,437 filed on 2022 Nov. 4.
- Not applicable.
- Not applicable.
- The present invention represents a novel approach to thermal energy storage, significantly diverging from the established designs of thermal batteries commonly employed in large-scale applications. Traditional thermal batteries, such as those utilizing a sand medium, are optimized for the conservation of substantial quantities of thermal energy suitable for extensive structures and communal utility systems. The volumetric and infrastructural demands of such sand batteries render them impractical for individual residential applications.
- In contrast, the invention at hand capitalizes on the use of water as a thermal storage medium, a resource that is inherently compatible with the domestic environment. Water, ubiquitous and versatile, can be effortlessly integrated into a household setting, functioning dually in its heated and cooled states. This integration is facilitated by the fact that water can be pumped directly into a residence with minimal complexity.
- Beyond its suitability for in-home use, water distinguishes itself from materials like fine sands, which necessitate careful sourcing and handling. Water offers an added advantage in off-grid scenarios, where it can be harvested from precipitation, thereby circumventing the need for a dedicated supply network. This aspect is particularly beneficial for remote locations, expanding the accessibility of thermal battery technology.
- Through the application of a water-based system, the inventive concept brings forth a significant advancement in thermal battery technology, presenting a versatile solution that is adaptable to a variety of settings and scales. The feasibility of this system relies merely on the availability of water, a source of energy, and a compressor, thus broadening the scope of thermal energy storage to almost any context where these elements are present.
- A method of use of a thermal battery HVAC system is disclosed. Comprising receiving an HVAC input fluid, exchanging heat with said HVAC input fluid to generate a climate-controlled air output and a liquid refrigerant, receiving one or more fluid inputs with a fluid management assembly, storing a portion of said one or more fluid inputs in one or more fluid containers, sending a portion of said one or more fluid inputs out of said fluid management assembly as one or more fluid outputs, managing said one or more fluid inputs and said one or more fluid outputs with a controller application in a controller, assessing a fluid temperature and a fluid flow rate for a portion of said one or more fluid inputs and said one or more fluid outputs, and selectively sending said HVAC input fluid at an optimal temperature from said one or more fluid inputs. wherein a portion of said one or more fluid inputs comprises said liquid refrigerant from an HVAC fluid output of an HVAC system, and a stored water from said one or more fluid containers. a portion of said one or more fluid outputs comprises said HVAC input fluid sent to a fluid input and a storage input fluid sent to said one or more fluid containers.
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FIG. 1 illustrates a priorart HVAC system 100 with ablower 110. -
FIG. 2 illustrates said priorart HVAC system 100 with ageothermal loop 200, respectively. -
FIG. 3 illustrates a thermalbattery HVAC system 300. -
FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate afirst fluid container 302 a and one ormore fluid containers 302, respectively. -
FIG. 5 illustrates afluid management assembly 304, one ormore fluid inputs 306 and one ormore fluid outputs 308. -
FIG. 6 illustrates a controller block diagram 600 of acontroller 500 and portions of said thermalbattery HVAC system 300. -
FIG. 7 illustrates a HVAC fluid overview 700. -
FIGS. 8A and 8B illustrate one ormore HVAC settings 624 and a temperature summary table 800 illustrating a delta-temperature 802 throughout a day. -
FIG. 9 illustrates a temperature and delta-temperature chart 900 and a projectedenergy consumption chart 902. -
FIG. 10 illustrates said temperature and delta-temperature chart 900 with a second projectedenergy consumption chart 1000. -
FIGS. 11A and 11B illustrate a summary table 1100 of said projectedenergy consumption chart 902 and adaylight projections 1102 of said projectedenergy consumption chart 902. -
FIG. 12 illustrates a method ofuse 1200 of said thermalbattery HVAC system 300. - The following description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention as claimed and is provided in the context of the particular examples discussed below, variations of which will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. In the interest of clarity, not all features of an actual implementation are described in this specification. It will be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation (as in any development project), design decisions must be made to achieve the designers' specific goals (e.g., compliance with system- and business-related constraints), and that these goals will vary from one implementation to another. It will also be appreciated that such development effort might be complex and time-consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the field of the appropriate art having the benefit of this disclosure. Accordingly, the claims appended hereto are not intended to be limited by the disclosed embodiments, but are to be accorded their widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.
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FIG. 1 illustrates a priorart HVAC system 100 with ablower 110. - As illustrated in
FIG. 1 , said priorart HVAC system 100 can comprise a blower onlysystem 100 a comprising anHVAC system 102, afluid input 104, a climate-controlledair output 106, anHVAC fluid output 108 and saidblower 110. - In one embodiment, said
fluid input 104 can receive anoutside air 116 and saidHVAC fluid output 108 can output anexhaust air 118 to saidblower 110. All fluids received by saidfluid input 104 can be referred to as an HVAC fluid - As is known in the art, said
HVAC system 102 can be powered by anelectrical power input 114. In one embodiment, saidelectrical power input 114 can comprise solar energy, grid energy, battery energy, or similar. -
FIG. 2 illustrates said priorart HVAC system 100 with ageothermal loop 200, respectively. - As illustrated in
FIG. 2 , said priorart HVAC system 100 can comprise ageothermal system 100 b which can comprise saidHVAC system 102, saidfluid input 104, said climate-controlledair output 106, saidHVAC fluid output 108 and saidgeothermal loop 200. In both cases and as is known in the art, - In one embodiment, said
HVAC fluid output 108 can comprise aliquid refrigerant 202 having received heat or given heat to said climate-controlledair output 106; wherein, saidliquid refrigerant 202 can be passed through saidgeothermal loop 200 to bring saidliquid refrigerant 202 to anambient ground temperature 208 and sent to saidfluid input 104 as a geothermally treatedfluid 204. In one embodiment, said geothermally treatedfluid 204 can also be referred to as anHVAC input fluid 206. - Compressors—such as those used in said HVAC
system 102—must account for equal heat and cooling energy output. For example, said climate-controlledair output 106 can comprise cooled air used to cool a home during the summer, but in creating said climate-controlledair output 106 said HVACsystem 102 will create saidHVAC fluid output 108 having an equal and opposite heating energy to that of the cooled air. Wherein, throughout the US southern states, saidHVAC fluid output 108 is discharged by saidblower 110 being arranged alongside a building or home. As a result, the sound of a buzzing fan is a commonplace sound in much of the first world during the summer. - One alternative to said
blower 110 can comprise saidgeothermal loop 200 used to pump water through the ground to return the fluid to a temperature approximately equal to ground temperature. Accordingly, a fluid output from saidgeothermal loop 200 can be returned into saidfluid input 104 at ground temperature to bypass saidblower 110 and to begin the process of saidHVAC system 102 at a higher temperature than at ambient outdoor temperatures. Use of saidgeothermal loop 200 can be more efficient as less energy from saidelectrical power input 114 may be required. However, installation of saidgeothermal loop 200 can be costly and require upkeep. - Nonetheless, with the rising costs of energy summers are keen to reduce the cost of electricity bills. Further where consumers desire to run a home off the grid or from solar energy, the cost of lithium-ion batteries is cost prohibitive. A solution for storing parts of said
HVAC fluid output 108 without the use of a battery would be advantageous. -
FIG. 3 illustrates a thermalbattery HVAC system 300. - In one embodiment, said thermal
battery HVAC system 300, as with said priorart HVAC system 100, can comprise saidHVAC system 102, saidfluid input 104, said climate-controlledair output 106, saidHVAC fluid output 108, saidblower 110, saidgeothermal loop 200, and saidelectrical power input 114. However, said thermalbattery HVAC system 300 can comprise one or morefluid containers 302. - In one embodiment, said thermal
battery HVAC system 300 can further comprise afluid management assembly 304. Saidfluid management assembly 304 can comprise one or more manifolds and control valves configured to receive one or morefluid inputs 306 from multiple sources and send portions of said one or morefluid inputs 306 to one or morefluid outputs 308. - In one embodiment, said one or more
fluid inputs 306 can comprise saidliquid refrigerant 202, afresh input fluids 310, said geothermally treatedfluid 204, and a storedwater 312. Wherein, said storedwater 312 can comprise a portion of fluids stored in said one or morefluid containers 302. - In one embodiment, said one or more
fluid outputs 308 can comprise saidHVAC input fluid 206, ageothermal input fluid 314, astorage input fluid 316, and a discardedfluid 318. - Examples of destinations for said discarded
fluid 318 can include a waste drain 320, an irrigation system 322, or a grey water system 324. - As discussed above, a solution for storing energy otherwise wasted in said
HVAC fluid output 108 would be advantageous. In one embodiment said thermalbattery HVAC system 300 represent an arrangement of saidHVAC system 102 with said one or morefluid containers 302 for reuse in saidfluid input 104. - For example, where said
liquid refrigerant 202 is water and said climate-controlledair output 106 is cool air, saidliquid refrigerant 202 being warmer than saidambient ground temperature 208 or said climate-controlledair output 106, can be stored in said one or morefluid containers 302 for later use. When deemed advantageous, said thermalbattery HVAC system 300 can send said storedwater 312 from said one or morefluid containers 302 to saidfluid input 104. - Alternatively, where said
liquid refrigerant 202 is cooler than said climate-controlledair output 106, and said climate-controlledair output 106 is hot air, said cold water can be stored in said one or morefluid containers 302. - By holding thermal energy in fluids in said one or more
fluid containers 302, said thermalbattery HVAC system 300 can transfer unused heat or cooling energy to a different part of a heating or cooling cycle. -
FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate a firstfluid container 302 a and said one or morefluid containers 302, respectively. - In one embodiment, said one or more
fluid containers 302 can comprise said firstfluid container 302 a, a secondfluid container 302 b, and a third fluid container 302 c. - Each among said one or more
fluid containers 302 can comprise one or more temperature sensors 402 and a fluid level sensor 404. As is known in the art, said one or more temperature sensors 402 and said fluid level sensor 404 can monitor a status of a fluid 406 within each among said one or morefluid containers 302. Said fluid level sensor 404 can measure afluid level 408 within said one or morefluid containers 302. - Each among said one or more
fluid containers 302 can comprise at least a firstfluid input 410 and afirst fluid output 412. - As illustrated, said one or more temperature sensors 402 and said fluid level sensor 404 can comprise a plurality of sensors arranged within said one or more
fluid containers 302 for measuring temperatures and fluid status at various heights within aninternal cavity 414 of said one or morefluid containers 302. - In one embodiment, said one or more
fluid containers 302 can be insulated to prevent heat loss or gain from an outside environment into saidinternal cavity 414. - One advantage of said thermal
battery HVAC system 300 can include the ability to store saidfluid 406 at multiple temperatures by utilizing a plurality of said one or morefluid containers 302. For example, saidfluid 406 at a temperature above room temperature in said firstfluid container 302 a and saidfluid 406 below room temperature in said secondfluid container 302 b. - Further, by monitoring a temperature of said
fluid 406 using said one or more temperature sensors 402, said thermalbattery HVAC system 300 can adjust and calculate a temperature of saidfluid input 104 coming from said one or morefluid containers 302. - In one embodiment, fluids into and out of said one or more
fluid containers 302 can be pulled and pushed using one or more fluid pumps 416. -
FIG. 5 illustrates saidfluid management assembly 304, said one or morefluid inputs 306 and said one or morefluid outputs 308. - Said thermal
battery HVAC system 300 can comprise acontroller 500 configured for managing data collected by said thermalbattery HVAC system 300 and sending control signals to its components for optimal operation, as discussed below. - In one embodiment, each among said one or more
fluid inputs 306 and said one or morefluid outputs 308 can be measured using afluid temperature sensor 502 to measure afluid temperature 508 and a fluidflow rate sensor 504 to measure afluid flow rate 510. Further each among said one or morefluid inputs 306 can be connected to each among said one or morefluid outputs 308 and selectively closed and opened using acontrol valve 506. For example, said geothermally treated fluid 204 can be connected to each among saidHVAC input fluid 206, said discardedfluid 318, saidstorage input fluid 316 and saidgeothermal input fluid 314 and managed using afirst control valve 506 a, asecond control valve 506 b, athird control valve 506 c, and afourth control valve 506 d. - In one embodiment, said
controller 500 can receive signals from saidfluid temperature sensor 502, said fluidflow rate sensor 504 and saidcontrol valve 506 and can manage a flow of said one or morefluid inputs 306, and said one or morefluid outputs 308 according to software instructions, as discussed below. -
FIG. 6 illustrates a controller block diagram 600 of saidcontroller 500 and portions of said thermalbattery HVAC system 300. - In one embodiment, said
controller 500 can comprise a computer configured for controlling parts of saidfluid management assembly 304. Saidcontroller 500 can comprise amemory 602, one ormore processors 604, acommunication system 606, apower system 608, and similar as is known in the art. - Said thermal
battery HVAC system 300 can further comprise acontroller application 610 stored in saidmemory 602 and executed in said one ormore processors 604. Saidmemory 602 can store and access ahistorical data 612 and asystem settings 614 for said thermalbattery HVAC system 300. -
Said communication system 606 can comprise a network hardware, bus or other COMM protocol for communicating with various sensors, peripherals and auxiliary systems as discussed herein and known in the art. - In one embodiment, said
communication system 606 can be in data communication with saidfluid management assembly 304 to measure and/or control saidfluid temperature sensor 502, saidcontrol valve 506, and said fluidflow rate sensor 504 for each among said one or morefluid inputs 306 and said one or morefluid outputs 308. - In one embodiment, control of said one or more
fluid inputs 306 and said one or morefluid outputs 308 of saidfluid management assembly 304 can be done according to instructions held withing saidcontroller application 610 in saidmemory 602 and saidcontroller 500. - In one embodiment, said
communication system 606 can communicate with and gather data from remote resources such as aweather database 616, anenergy costs data 618 and/or aserver application 620 with instructions related the operation of said thermalbattery HVAC system 300. In one embodiment, saidcommunication system 606 can communicate with such systems over anetwork 628 such as the internet. - In one embodiment, said
controller 500 can comprise communicate with a human machine interface such as a thermostat for receiving and managing one ormore HVAC settings 624 from an end user. Similarly, saidcontroller 500 can receive data from one or moreclimate control sensors 626 which can be associated with said thermalbattery HVAC system 300. - In one embodiment, said
controller 500 can be configured to monitor a state of saidHVAC system 102, saidfluid management assembly 304, saidfluid management assembly 304 and said one or morefluid containers 302, as discussed below. -
FIG. 7 illustrates a HVAC fluid overview 700. - In one embodiment, said
HVAC system 102 can comprise anHVAC fluid loop 702 and a compressor-heat-exchanger assembly 704. - In one embodiment, said
HVAC input fluid 206 can come into saidHVAC system 102 at an optimal or nearly optimal temperature for the efficient exchange of energy with saidHVAC fluid loop 702. Wherein, a compressor can be used to further optimize a temperature of saidHVAC input fluid 206, and a heat exchanger can optimally transfer heat from saidHVAC input fluid 206 into saidHVAC fluid loop 702. - As is known in the art, said
HVAC fluid loop 702 can then interact with other portions of saidHVAC system 102 such as an evaporator coil to generate said climate-controlledair output 106. - As discussed, said
HVAC input fluid 206 can comprise water, but could also be various types of refrigerants as is known in the art. Likewise, saidHVAC fluid loop 702 can comprise a fluid as is known in the art. - As discussed above, said
HVAC fluid output 108 can be channeled using saidfluid management assembly 304 to said one or morefluid containers 302, saidelectrical power input 114, saidHVAC input fluid 206 or said discardedfluid 318. - In one embodiment, said
HVAC system 102 can comprise one or more circulatingpumps 706 and one ormore fans 708 to move saidfluid 406 and/or said climate-controlledair output 106. -
FIGS. 8A and 8B illustrate said one ormore HVAC settings 624 and a temperature summary table 800 illustrating a delta-temperature 802 throughout a day. - Consider the average home in the desert during the spring and fall. Average temperatures in Phoenix, AZ in may are 96 degrees Fahrenheit during the day, and 65 degrees Fahrenheit at night. If a family sets a home thermostat to 72 degrees, said
HVAC system 102 will heat the home overnight by 7 degrees and cool it during the day as much as 24 degrees. - Using said thermal
battery HVAC system 300, saidHVAC fluid output 108 can comprise hot fluids during daytime and cold fluids overnight. Wherein, said thermalbattery HVAC system 300 can send cold water to saidfluid input 104 during the day, and hot water to saidfluid input 104 during the night. Herein, the terms “hot” and “cold” are relative to an HVAC temperature setting 804. As illustrated herein, said HVAC temperature setting 804 can comprise 72 degrees Fahrenheit. - Further wherein, said
HVAC system 102 can utilize the off-temperature input of saidfluid input 104. In so doing, saidelectrical power input 114 is reduced come up and consequently the need for a home battery is reduced as well. This example is equally viable in humid climates such as Houston, Texas, or intermediate clients such as Amarillo, Texas. For example, Houston's May temperatures range from 68 degrees Fahrenheit to 86 degrees Fahrenheit. - Said temperature summary table 800 can comprise a calculation of said delta-
temperature 802 relative to anoutdoor temperature 806, asolar state 808 and a time ofday 810. -
FIG. 9 illustrates a temperature and delta-temperature chart 900 and a projectedenergy consumption chart 902. - Said temperature and delta-
temperature chart 900 can comprise a graphical representation of said temperature summary table 800. It is noted that in days where said HVAC temperature setting 804 is between a predictedhigh temperature 904 and a predictedlow temperature 906, there will be at least twotemperature crossovers 908 comprising afirst temperature crossover 908 a and asecond temperature crossover 908 b. - As laid out in
FIG. 9 said time ofday 810 on said temperature and delta-temperature chart 900 and said projectedenergy consumption chart 902 are aligned to show energy consumption drops at said twotemperature crossovers 908. It follows that if saidHVAC system 102 is not working to alter said delta-temperature 802 when said HVAC temperature setting 804 is close to saidoutdoor temperature 806. - As is known in the art, said blower
only system 100 a is less efficient than saidgeothermal system 100 b. Said projectedenergy consumption chart 902 illustrates a consumption by said bloweronly system 100 a with ablower kW data 910, consumption by saidgeothermal system 100 b with ageothermal kW data 912, and consumption said thermalbattery HVAC system 300 by a projectedimproved kW 914. Wherein, said projected improvedkW 914 comprises a projection of efficiencies of said thermalbattery HVAC system 300 over said bloweronly system 100 a and saidgeothermal system 100 b. - In one embodiment, passing said
fluid 406 through said one or morefluid containers 302 after daylight at 7 am-11 am can comprise a substantial benefit since these hours require less stored heat from said one or morefluid containers 302. That is, there is a period of the day in which no use of a compressor in saidHVAC system 102 to heat fluids such as said climate-controlledair output 106. In such times, only said one ormore fans 708 and said one or more circulatingpumps 706 can be operational to circulate cool or hot air using saidHVAC system 102. Provided said one or morefluid containers 302 comprises sufficient reserve hot or cold water, relative to said HVAC temperature setting 804, a compressor need not run in saidHVAC system 102. - The inventor makes this analogy when describing this system: said thermal
battery HVAC system 300 is like a hybrid car where the compressor is the gas engine and said one or morefluid containers 302 are the batteries. The engine only runs as much as said one or morefluid containers 302 need heat and cold for the day. And given that a home has solar panels, said thermalbattery HVAC system 300 only runs when the sun shines!!! How cool is that!! -
FIG. 10 illustrates said temperature and delta-temperature chart 900 with a second projectedenergy consumption chart 1000. -
FIGS. 11A and 11B illustrate a summary table 1100 of said projectedenergy consumption chart 902 and adaylight projections 1102 of said projectedenergy consumption chart 902. - Said summary table 1100 comprises projected consumption of power by said blower
only system 100 a, saidgeothermal system 100 b and said thermalbattery HVAC system 300, as discussed above. likewise, saiddaylight projections 1102 comprises a pivot table of said summary table 1100 with saidsolar state 808 as a left-hand column. - One objective of said thermal
battery HVAC system 300 is to capture heat when saidsolar state 808 is in daylight and spend that heat during dark. Thereby, said thermalbattery HVAC system 300 can minimize a size of a battery required for a household if powered by solar power. For example, where said one or morefluid containers 302 provides heat for 3-5 hours into the dark periods, as illustrated, anighttime power consumption 1104 can be reduced by 25%. -
FIG. 12 illustrates a method ofuse 1200 of said thermalbattery HVAC system 300. - Said method of
use 1200 can comprise one or more steps 1202 which can comprise afirst step 1202 a, asecond step 1202 b, athird step 1202 c, afourth step 1202 d, afifth step 1202 e, asixth step 1202 f, aseventh step 1202 g, and aneighth step 1202 h, as illustrated and described below. - In one embodiment, said method of use 1200 can comprise: receiving said HVAC input fluid 206, exchanging heat with said HVAC input fluid 206 to generate said climate-controlled air output 106 and said liquid refrigerant 202, receiving said one or more fluid inputs 306 with said fluid management assembly 304, storing a portion of said one or more fluid inputs 306 in said one or more fluid containers 302, sending a portion of said one or more fluid inputs 306 out of said fluid management assembly 304 as said one or more fluid outputs 308, managing said one or more fluid inputs 306 and said one or more fluid outputs 308 with said controller application 610 in said controller 500, assessing said fluid temperature 508 and said fluid flow rate 510 for a portion of said one or more fluid inputs 306 and said one or more fluid outputs 308, selectively sending said HVAC input fluid 206 at an optimal temperature from said one or more fluid inputs 306; wherein a portion of said one or more fluid inputs 306 can comprise said liquid refrigerant 202 from said HVAC fluid output 108 of said HVAC system 102, and said stored water 312 from said one or more fluid containers 302; a portion of said one or more fluid outputs 308 can comprise said HVAC input fluid 206 sent to said fluid input 104 and said storage input fluid 316 sent to said one or more fluid containers 302.
- Various changes in the details of the illustrated operational methods are possible without departing from the scope of the following claims. Some embodiments may combine the activities described herein as being separate steps. Similarly, one or more of the described steps may be omitted, depending upon the specific operational environment the method is being implemented in. It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. For example, the above-described embodiments may be used in combination with each other. Many other embodiments will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the above description. The scope of the invention should, therefore, be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. In the appended claims, the terms “including” and “in which” are used as the plain-English equivalents of the respective terms “comprising” and “wherein.”
- said method of
use 1200 of said thermalbattery HVAC system 300 can comprise receiving saidHVAC input fluid 206, exchanging heat with saidHVAC input fluid 206 to generate said climate-controlledair output 106 and saidliquid refrigerant 202, receiving said one or morefluid inputs 306 with saidfluid management assembly 304, storing a portion of said one or morefluid inputs 306 in said one or morefluid containers 302, sending a portion of said one or morefluid inputs 306 out of saidfluid management assembly 304 as said one or morefluid outputs 308, managing said one or morefluid inputs 306 and said one or morefluid outputs 308 with saidcontroller application 610 in saidcontroller 500, assessing saidfluid temperature 508 and saidfluid flow rate 510 for a portion of said one or morefluid inputs 306 and said one or morefluid outputs 308, and selectively sending saidHVAC input fluid 206 at an optimal temperature from said one or morefluid inputs 306. Wherein a portion of said one or morefluid inputs 306 comprises said liquid refrigerant 202 from saidHVAC fluid output 108 of saidHVAC system 102, and said storedwater 312 from said one or morefluid containers 302. A portion of said one or morefluid outputs 308 comprises saidHVAC input fluid 206 sent to saidfluid input 104 and saidstorage input fluid 316 sent to said one or morefluid containers 302. - Said method of
use 1200 of said thermalbattery HVAC system 300 can comprise receiving saidHVAC input fluid 206, exchanging heat with saidHVAC input fluid 206 to generate said climate-controlledair output 106 and saidliquid refrigerant 202, receiving said one or morefluid inputs 306 with saidfluid management assembly 304, storing a portion of said one or morefluid inputs 306 in said one or morefluid containers 302, sending a portion of said one or morefluid inputs 306 out of saidfluid management assembly 304 as said one or morefluid outputs 308, managing said one or morefluid inputs 306 and said one or morefluid outputs 308 with saidcontroller application 610 in saidcontroller 500, assessing saidfluid temperature 508 and saidfluid flow rate 510 for a portion of said one or morefluid inputs 306 and said one or morefluid outputs 308, and selectively sending saidHVAC input fluid 206 at an optimal temperature from said one or morefluid inputs 306. Wherein a portion of said one or morefluid inputs 306 comprises said liquid refrigerant 202 from saidHVAC fluid output 108 of saidHVAC system 102, and said storedwater 312 from said one or morefluid containers 302. A portion of said one or morefluid outputs 308 comprises saidHVAC input fluid 206 sent to saidfluid input 104 and saidstorage input fluid 316 sent to said one or morefluid containers 302. - Said method of
use 1200 of said thermalbattery HVAC system 300 can comprise receiving saidHVAC input fluid 206, exchanging heat with saidHVAC input fluid 206 to generate said climate-controlledair output 106 and saidliquid refrigerant 202, receiving said one or morefluid inputs 306 with saidfluid management assembly 304, storing a portion of said one or morefluid inputs 306 in said one or morefluid containers 302, and sending a portion of said one or morefluid inputs 306 out of saidfluid management assembly 304 as said one or morefluid outputs 308. - Managing said one or more
fluid inputs 306 and said one or morefluid outputs 308 with saidcontroller application 610 in saidcontroller 500. - Selectively sending said
HVAC input fluid 206 at an optimal temperature from said one or morefluid inputs 306. - Assessing said
fluid temperature 508 and saidfluid flow rate 510 for a portion of said one or morefluid inputs 306 and said one or morefluid outputs 308. - Fluids received by said
fluid input 104 can be referred to as an HVAC fluid. A portion of said one or morefluid inputs 306 comprises said liquid refrigerant 202 from saidHVAC fluid output 108 of saidHVAC system 102, and said storedwater 312 from said one or morefluid containers 302. A portion of said one or morefluid outputs 308 comprises saidHVAC input fluid 206 sent to saidfluid input 104 and saidstorage input fluid 316 sent to said one or morefluid containers 302. - Said
fluid input 104 can receive said outsideair 116 and saidHVAC fluid output 108 can output saidexhaust air 118 to saidblower 110. - Said
HVAC system 102 can be powered by saidelectrical power input 114. Saidelectrical power input 114 can be selected among: solar energy, grid energy, battery energy, or similar. - Said one or more
fluid outputs 308 comprises saidHVAC input fluid 206, saidgeothermal input fluid 314, saidstorage input fluid 316, and said discardedfluid 318. - Where said
liquid refrigerant 202 can be cooler than said climate-controlledair output 106, and said climate-controlledair output 106 can be hot air, said cold water can be stored in said one or morefluid containers 302. By holding thermal energy in fluids in said one or morefluid containers 302, said thermalbattery HVAC system 300 can transfer unused heat or cooling energy to a different part of a heating or cooling cycle. - Each among said one or more
fluid containers 302 comprises said one or more temperature sensors 402 and said fluid level sensor 404. Said one or more temperature sensors 402 and said fluid level sensor 404 can monitor a status of saidfluid 406 within each among said one or morefluid containers 302. Said fluid level sensor 404 can measure saidfluid level 408 within said one or morefluid containers 302. Each among said one or morefluid containers 302 comprises at least said firstfluid input 410 and saidfirst fluid output 412. - Said one or more temperature sensors 402 and said fluid level sensor 404 comprises a plurality of sensors arranged within said one or more
fluid containers 302 for measuring temperatures and fluid status at various heights within saidinternal cavity 414 of said one or morefluid containers 302. - Said one or more
fluid containers 302 can be insulated to prevent heat loss or gain from an outside environment into saidinternal cavity 414. - Said thermal
battery HVAC system 300 can be configured to store saidfluid 406 at multiple temperatures by utilizing a plurality of said one or morefluid containers 302. Said fluid 406 at a temperature above room temperature in said firstfluid container 302 a and saidfluid 406 below room temperature in said secondfluid container 302 b. - By monitoring a temperature of said
fluid 406 using said one or more temperature sensors 402: said thermalbattery HVAC system 300 can adjust and calculate a temperature of saidfluid input 104 coming from said one or morefluid containers 302. - Each among said one or more
fluid inputs 306 and said one or morefluid outputs 308 can be measured using saidfluid temperature sensor 502 to measure saidfluid temperature 508 and said fluidflow rate sensor 504 to measure saidfluid flow rate 510. Each among said one or morefluid inputs 306 can be connected to each among said one or morefluid outputs 308 and selectively closed and opened using saidcontrol valve 506. Said geothermally treated fluid 204 can be connected to each among saidHVAC input fluid 206, said discardedfluid 318, saidstorage input fluid 316 and saidgeothermal input fluid 314 and managed using saidfirst control valve 506 a, saidsecond control valve 506 b, saidthird control valve 506 c, and saidfourth control valve 506 d. Saidcontroller 500 can receive signals from saidfluid temperature sensor 502, said fluidflow rate sensor 504 and saidcontrol valve 506 and can manage a flow of said one or morefluid inputs 306, and said one or morefluid outputs 308 according to software instructions, as discussed below. - Said
controller 500 comprises a computer configured for controlling parts of saidfluid management assembly 304. Saidcontroller 500 comprises saidmemory 602, said one ormore processors 604, saidcommunication system 606, and saidpower system 608. Said thermalbattery HVAC system 300 can further comprise saidcontroller application 610 stored in saidmemory 602 and executed in said one ormore processors 604. Saidmemory 602 can store and access saidhistorical data 612 and saidsystem settings 614 for said thermalbattery HVAC system 300.Said communication system 606 comprises a network hardware, bus or other COMM protocol for communicating with various sensors, peripherals and auxiliary systems as discussed herein and known in the art.Said communication system 606 can be in data communication with saidfluid management assembly 304 to measure and/or control saidfluid temperature sensor 502, saidcontrol valve 506, and said fluidflow rate sensor 504 for each among said one or morefluid inputs 306 and said one or morefluid outputs 308. Control of said one or morefluid inputs 306 and said one or morefluid outputs 308 of saidfluid management assembly 304 can be done according to instructions held withing saidcontroller application 610 in saidmemory 602 and saidcontroller 500.Said communication system 606 can communicate with and gather data from remote resources such as saidweather database 616, saidenergy costs data 618 and/or saidserver application 620 with instructions related the operation of said thermalbattery HVAC system 300.Said communication system 606 can communicate with such systems over saidnetwork 628 such as the internet. - Said
HVAC system 102 comprises saidHVAC fluid loop 702 and said compressor-heat-exchanger assembly 704. SaidHVAC input fluid 206 can come into saidHVAC system 102 at an optimal or nearly optimal temperature for the efficient exchange of energy with saidHVAC fluid loop 702. A compressor can be used to further optimize a temperature of saidHVAC input fluid 206, and a heat exchanger can optimally transfer heat from saidHVAC input fluid 206 into saidHVAC fluid loop 702. SaidHVAC fluid loop 702 can then interact with other portions of saidHVAC system 102 such as an evaporator coil to generate said climate-controlledair output 106. - Said
HVAC fluid output 108 can be channeled using saidfluid management assembly 304 to said one or morefluid containers 302, saidelectrical power input 114, saidHVAC input fluid 206 or said discardedfluid 318. \ saidHVAC system 102 comprises said one or more circulatingpumps 706 and said one ormore fans 708 to move saidfluid 406 and/or said climate-controlledair output 106. -
-
- said prior
art HVAC system 100, - said blower
only system 100 a, - said
geothermal system 100 b, - said
HVAC system 102, - said
fluid input 104, - said climate-controlled
air output 106, - said
HVAC fluid output 108, - said
blower 110, - said
electrical power input 114, - said outside
air 116, - said
exhaust air 118, - said
geothermal loop 200, - said
liquid refrigerant 202, - said geothermally treated
fluid 204, - said
HVAC input fluid 206, - said
ambient ground temperature 208, - said thermal
battery HVAC system 300, - said one or more
fluid containers 302, - said first
fluid container 302 a, - said second
fluid container 302 b, - said third fluid container 302 c,
- said
fluid management assembly 304, - said one or more
fluid inputs 306, - said one or more
fluid outputs 308, - said
fresh input fluids 310, - said stored
water 312, - said
geothermal input fluid 314, - said
storage input fluid 316, - said discarded
fluid 318, - said waste drain 320,
- said irrigation system 322,
- said grey water system 324,
- said one or more temperature sensors 402,
- said fluid level sensor 404,
- said
fluid 406, - said
fluid level 408, - said first
fluid input 410, - said
first fluid output 412, - said
internal cavity 414, - said one or more fluid pumps 416,
- said
controller 500, - said
fluid temperature sensor 502, - said fluid
flow rate sensor 504, - said
control valve 506, - said
first control valve 506 a, - said
second control valve 506 b, - said
third control valve 506 c, - said
fourth control valve 506 d, - said
fluid temperature 508, - said
fluid flow rate 510, - said controller block diagram 600,
- said
memory 602, - said one or
more processors 604, - said
communication system 606, - said
power system 608, - said
controller application 610, - said
historical data 612, - said
system settings 614, - said
weather database 616, - said
energy costs data 618, - said
server application 620, - said one or
more HVAC settings 624, - said one or more
climate control sensors 626, - said
network 628, - said HVAC fluid overview 700,
- said
HVAC fluid loop 702, - said compressor-heat-
exchanger assembly 704, - said one or more circulating
pumps 706, - said one or
more fans 708, - said temperature summary table 800,
- said delta-
temperature 802, - said HVAC temperature setting 804,
- said
outdoor temperature 806, - said
solar state 808, - said time of
day 810, - said temperature and delta-
temperature chart 900, - said projected
energy consumption chart 902, - said predicted
high temperature 904, - said predicted
low temperature 906, - said two
temperature crossovers 908, - said
first temperature crossover 908 a, - said
second temperature crossover 908 b, - said
blower kW data 910, - said
geothermal kW data 912, - said projected improved
kW 914, - said second projected
energy consumption chart 1000, - said summary table 1100,
- said
daylight projections 1102, - said
nighttime power consumption 1104, - said method of
use 1200, - said one or more steps 1202,
- said
first step 1202 a, - said
second step 1202 b, - said
third step 1202 c, - said
fourth step 1202 d, - said
fifth step 1202 e, - said
sixth step 1202 f, - said
seventh step 1202 g, and - said
eighth step 1202 h.
- said prior
Claims (20)
1. A method of use of a thermal battery HVAC system, comprising:
receiving an HVAC input fluid,
exchanging heat with said HVAC input fluid to generate a climate-controlled air output and a liquid refrigerant,
receiving one or more fluid inputs with a fluid management assembly,
storing a portion of said one or more fluid inputs in one or more fluid containers,
sending a portion of said one or more fluid inputs out of said fluid management assembly as one or more fluid outputs,
managing said one or more fluid inputs and said one or more fluid outputs with a controller application in a controller,
assessing a fluid temperature and a fluid flow rate for a portion of said one or more fluid inputs and said one or more fluid outputs, and
selectively sending said HVAC input fluid at an optimal temperature from said one or more fluid inputs; wherein
a portion of said one or more fluid inputs comprises said liquid refrigerant from an HVAC fluid output of an HVAC system, and a stored water from said one or more fluid containers; and
a portion of said one or more fluid outputs comprises said HVAC input fluid sent to a fluid input and a storage input fluid sent to said one or more fluid containers.
2. A method of use of a thermal battery HVAC system, comprising:
receiving an HVAC input fluid,
exchanging heat with said HVAC input fluid to generate a climate-controlled air output and a liquid refrigerant,
receiving one or more fluid inputs with a fluid management assembly,
storing a portion of said one or more fluid inputs in one or more fluid containers, and
sending a portion of said one or more fluid inputs out of said fluid management assembly as one or more fluid outputs.
3. The method of use of claim 2 , wherein:
managing said one or more fluid inputs and said one or more fluid outputs with a controller application in a controller.
4. The method of use of claim 2 , wherein:
selectively sending said HVAC input fluid at an optimal temperature from said one or more fluid inputs.
5. The method of use of claim 2 , wherein:
assessing a fluid temperature and a fluid flow rate for a portion of said one or more fluid inputs and said one or more fluid outputs.
6. The method of use of claim 2 , wherein:
fluids received by a fluid input is referred to as an HVAC fluid;
a portion of said one or more fluid inputs comprises said liquid refrigerant from an HVAC fluid output of an HVAC system, and a stored water from said one or more fluid containers; and
a portion of said one or more fluid outputs comprises said HVAC input fluid sent to said fluid input and a storage input fluid sent to said one or more fluid containers.
7. The method of use of claim 2 , wherein:
said fluid input can receive an outside air and said HVAC fluid output can output an exhaust air to a blower.
8. The method of use of claim 2 , wherein:
said HVAC system is powered by an electrical power input; and
said electrical power input is selected among: solar energy, grid energy, battery energy, or similar.
9. The method of use of claim 2 , wherein:
said one or more fluid outputs comprises said HVAC input fluid, a geothermal input fluid, said storage input fluid, and a discarded fluid.
10. The method of use of claim 2 , wherein:
where said liquid refrigerant is cooler than said climate-controlled air output, and said climate-controlled air output is hot air, said cold water is stored in said one or more fluid containers; and
by holding thermal energy in fluids in said one or more fluid containers, said thermal battery HVAC system can transfer unused heat or cooling energy to a different part of a heating or cooling cycle.
11. The method of use of claim 2 , wherein:
each among said one or more fluid containers comprises one or more temperature sensors and a fluid level sensor;
said one or more temperature sensors and said fluid level sensor can monitor a status of a fluid within each among said one or more fluid containers;
said fluid level sensor can measure a fluid level within said one or more fluid containers; and
each among said one or more fluid containers comprises at least a first fluid input and a first fluid output.
12. The method of use of claim 2 , wherein:
said one or more temperature sensors and said fluid level sensor comprises a plurality of sensors arranged within said one or more fluid containers for measuring temperatures and fluid status at various heights within an internal cavity of said one or more fluid containers.
13. The method of use of claim 2 , wherein:
said one or more fluid containers is insulated to prevent heat loss or gain from an outside environment into said internal cavity.
14. The method of use of claim 2 , wherein:
said thermal battery HVAC system is configured to store said fluid at multiple temperatures by utilizing a plurality of said one or more fluid containers; and
said fluid at a temperature above room temperature in a first fluid container and said fluid below room temperature in a second fluid container.
15. The method of use of claim 2 , wherein:
by monitoring a temperature of said fluid using said one or more temperature sensors:
said thermal battery HVAC system can adjust and calculate a temperature of said fluid input coming from said one or more fluid containers.
16. The method of use of claim 2 , wherein:
each among said one or more fluid inputs and said one or more fluid outputs is measured using a fluid temperature sensor to measure said fluid temperature and a fluid flow rate sensor to measure said fluid flow rate;
each among said one or more fluid inputs is connected to each among said one or more fluid outputs and selectively closed and opened using a control valve;
a geothermally treated fluid is connected to each among said HVAC input fluid, said discarded fluid, said storage input fluid and said geothermal input fluid and managed using a first control valve, a second control valve, a third control valve, and a fourth control valve; and
said controller can receive signals from said fluid temperature sensor, said fluid flow rate sensor and said control valve and can manage a flow of said one or more fluid inputs, and said one or more fluid outputs according to software instructions, as discussed below.
17. The method of use of claim 2 , wherein:
said controller comprises a computer configured for controlling parts of said fluid management assembly;
said controller comprises a memory, one or more processors, a communication system, and a power system;
said thermal battery HVAC system can further comprise said controller application stored in said memory and executed in said one or more processors;
said memory can store and access a historical data and a system settings for said thermal battery HVAC system;
Said communication system comprises a network hardware, bus or other COMM protocol for communicating with various sensors, peripherals and auxiliary systems as discussed herein and known in the art;
Said communication system is in data communication with said fluid management assembly to measure and/or control said fluid temperature sensor, said control valve, and said fluid flow rate sensor for each among said one or more fluid inputs and said one or more fluid outputs;
control of said one or more fluid inputs and said one or more fluid outputs of said fluid management assembly is done according to instructions held withing said controller application in said memory and said controller;
said communication system can communicate with and gather data from remote resources such as a weather database, an energy costs data and/or a server application with instructions related the operation of said thermal battery HVAC system; and
said communication system can communicate with such systems over a network such as the internet.
18. The method of use of claim 2 , wherein:
said HVAC system comprises an HVAC fluid loop and a compressor-heat-exchanger assembly;
Said HVAC input fluid can come into said HVAC system at an optimal or nearly optimal temperature for the efficient exchange of energy with said HVAC fluid loop;
a compressor is used to further optimize a temperature of said HVAC input fluid, and a heat exchanger can optimally transfer heat from said HVAC input fluid into said HVAC fluid loop; and
said HVAC fluid loop can then interact with other portions of said HVAC system such as an evaporator coil to generate said climate-controlled air output.
19. The method of use of claim 2 , wherein:
said HVAC fluid output is channeled using said fluid management assembly to said one or more fluid containers, said electrical power input, said HVAC input fluid or said discarded fluid; and
Said HVAC system comprises one or more circulating pumps and one or more fans to move said fluid and/or said climate-controlled air output.
20. A method of use of a thermal battery HVAC system, comprising:
a prior art HVAC system is configured for:
receiving an HVAC input fluid,
exchanging heat with said HVAC input fluid to generate a climate-controlled air output and a liquid refrigerant,
receiving one or more fluid inputs with a fluid management assembly,
storing a portion of said one or more fluid inputs in one or more fluid containers, and
sending a portion of said one or more fluid inputs out of said fluid management assembly as one or more fluid outputs; wherein,
said one or more fluid containers is insulated to prevent heat loss or gain from an outside environment into an internal cavity;
fluids received by a fluid input is referred to as an HVAC fluid;
a portion of said one or more fluid inputs comprises said liquid refrigerant from an HVAC fluid output of an HVAC system, and a stored water from said one or more fluid containers; and
a portion of said one or more fluid outputs comprises said HVAC input fluid sent to said fluid input and a storage input fluid sent to said one or more fluid containers.
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US202263382437P | 2022-11-04 | 2022-11-04 | |
US18/503,146 US20240151411A1 (en) | 2022-11-04 | 2023-11-06 | Thermal Liquid Battery |
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