US20240067615A1

US20240067615A1 - Herbicidal tetrazole compounds

Info

Publication number: US20240067615A1
Application number: US18/257,935
Authority: US
Inventors: Paul Matthew BURTON; Nicholas John Taylor; Ramya Rajan; Sarah Armstrong; Ashwini SHIRSALE
Original assignee: Syngenta Crop Protection AG Switzerland
Current assignee: Syngenta Crop Protection AG Switzerland
Priority date: 2020-12-18
Filing date: 2021-12-15
Publication date: 2024-02-29
Also published as: CN116634873A; EP4263510A1; AR124335A1; WO2022129125A1; UY39572A; JP2023554426A

Abstract

The present invention related to compounds of Formula (I): (I) or an agronomically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R¹, R², R³, R⁴and R⁵are as described herein. The invention further relates to compositions comprising said compounds, to methods of controlling weeds using said compositions, and to the use of Compounds of Formula (I) as a herbicide and to intermediate compounds used to make Compounds of Formula (I).

Description

The present invention relates to novel herbicidal compounds, to processes for their preparation, to herbicidal compositions which comprise the novel compounds, and to their use for controlling weeds, in particular in crops of useful plants, or for inhibiting plant growth.
N-(tetrazol-5-yl)-arylcarboxamides are disclosed in, for example, WO2012/028579. The present invention relates to novel arylcarboxamides.
Thus, according to the present invention there is provided a compound of Formula (I):

- or an agronomically acceptable salt thereof,
- wherein:
- R¹is selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₄alkyl-, C₁-C₄haloalkyl-, C₁-C₄alkoxy-C1-C₄alkyl- and C₁-C₄haloalkoxy-C₁-C₄alkyl-;
- R²is selected from the group consisting of halogen, C₁-C₆alkyl-, C₁-C₃alkoxy-, C₁-C₆haloalkyl- and —S(O)_pC₁-C₆alkyl;
- R³is C₁-C₆haloalkyl;
- R⁴is selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, C₁-C₃alkoxy-C₁-C₃-alkyl-, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl-C₁-C₃alkyl-, phenyl and heteroaryl, wherein the phenyl or heteroaryl groups, where chemically feasible, may be optionally substituted by 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, C₁-C₃-alkyl, C₁-C₃alkoxy, C₁-C₃haloalkyl, C₁-C₃-haloalkoxy and cyano;
- R⁵is hydrogen or C₁-C₃alkyl; and
- p is 0, 1 or 2.

C₁-C₆alkyl and C₁-C₄alkyl groups include, for example, methyl (Me, CH₃), ethyl (Et, C₂H₅), n-propyl (n-Pr), isopropyl (i-Pr), n-butyl (n-Bu), isobutyl (i-Bu), sec-butyl and tert-butyl (t-Bu).
C₃-C₆cycloalkyl- includes cyclopropyl (c-propyl (c-Pr)), cyclobutyl (c-butyl (c-Bu)), cyclopentyl (c-pentyl) and cyclohexyl (c-hexyl).
Halogen (or halo) encompasses fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. The same correspondingly applies to halogen in the context of other definitions, such as haloalkyl.
C₁-C₆haloalkyl includes, for example, fluoromethyl-, difluoromethyl-, trifluoromethyl-, chloromethyl-, dichloromethyl-, trichloromethyl-, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl-, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 1,1-difluoroethyl, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl-, 2-chloroethyl-, pentafluoroethyl-, 1,1-difluoro-2,2,2-trichloroethyl-, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoroethyl-, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl-, heptafluoro-n-propyl and perfluoro-n-hexyl. C₁-C₄haloalkyl includes, for example, fluoromethyl-, difluoromethyl-, trifluoromethyl-, chloromethyl-, dichloromethyl-, trichloromethyl-, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl-, 2-fluoroethyl-, 2-chloroethyl-, pentafluoroethyl-, 1,1-difluoro-2,2,2-trichloroethyl-, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoroethyl-, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl- and heptafluoro-n-propyl-.
C₁-C₆alkyl-S— (alkylthio) is, for example, methylthio, ethylthio, propylthio, isopropylthio, n-butylthio, isobutylthio, sec-butylthio or tert-butylthio, preferably methylthio or ethylthio.
C₁-C₆alkyl-S(O)— (alkylsulfinyl) is, for example, methylsulfinyl, ethylsulfinyl, propylsulfinyl, isopropylsulfinyl, n-butylsulfinyl, isobutylsulfinyl, sec-butylsulfinyl or tert-butylsulfinyl, preferably methylsulfinyl or ethylsulfinyl.
C₁-C₆alkyl-S(O)₂— (alkylsulfonyl) is, for example, methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, propylsulfonyl, isopropylsulfonyl, n-butylsulfonyl, isobutylsulfonyl, sec-butylsulfonyl or tert-butylsulfonyl, preferably methylsulfonyl or ethylsulfonyl.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a compound of Formula (I), wherein R¹is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl and n-propyl.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention there is provided a compound of Formula (I), wherein R²is selected from the group consisting of methyl, Cl, —CF₃and —SO₂methyl, preferably Cl.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention there is provided a compound of Formula (I), wherein R³is —CF₃or —CHF₂.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention there is provided a compound of Formula (I), wherein R⁴is selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, C₁-C₃alkoxy-C₁-C₃-alkyl-, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl-C₁-C₃alkyl-, phenyl and heteroaryl, wherein the phenyl or heteroaryl groups, where chemically feasible, may be optionally substituted by 1 to 4, more preferably 1 to 2 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, C₁-C₃-alkyl, C₁-C₃alkoxy, C₁-C₃haloalkyl, C₁-C₃-haloalkoxy and cyano.
Where R⁴is a heteroaryl, suitable heteroaryls are, for example, selected from the group consisting of Het-1, Het-2, Het-3, Het-4, Het-5, Het-6, Het-7, Het-8 and Het-9.
These heteroaryl groups may, where chemically feasible, be optionally substituted by 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, C₁-C₃-alkyl, C₁-C₃alkoxy, C₁-C₃haloalkyl, C₁-C₃-haloalkoxy and cyano.
In more preferred embodiment of the present invention there is provided a compound of Formula (I), wherein R⁴is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, i-propyl, n-propyl, trifluoromethyl-, methoxyethyl-, cPr, cPr-CH₂—, phenyl, Het-1, Het-2, Het-3, Het-4 and Het-5 wherein the phenyl, Het-1, Het-2, Het-3, Het-4 and Het-5, where chemically feasible, are optionally substituted by 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, C₁-C₃-alkyl, C₁-C₃alkoxy, C₁-C₃haloalkyl, C₁-C₃-haloalkoxy and cyano.
In an especially preferred embodiment, R⁴is selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₆alkyl-, C₃-C₆cycloalkyl- and C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl-C₁-C₃alkyl-. In a more preferred embodiment, R⁴is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, c-propyl, i-butyl and c-PrCH₂—, still more preferably methyl or ethyl.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention there is provided a compound of Formula (I), wherein R⁵is methyl or hydrogen, preferably hydrogen.
Compounds of Formula (I) (and certain intermediate compounds used to synthesise compound of Formula (I)) may contain asymmetric centres and may be present as a single enantiomer, pairs of enantiomers in any proportion or, where more than one asymmetric centre are present, contain diastereoisomers in all possible ratios. Typically one of the enantiomers has enhanced biological activity compared to the other possibilities.
The present invention also includes all possible geometric and tautomeric forms of a compound of formula (I).
The present invention also includes agronomically acceptable salts that the compounds of Formula (I) may form with amines (for example ammonia, dimethylamine and triethylamine), alkali metal and alkaline earth metal bases or quaternary ammonium bases. Among the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides, oxides, alkoxides and hydrogen carbonates and carbonates used as salt formers, emphasis is to be given to the hydroxides, alkoxides, oxides and carbonates of lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium, but especially those of sodium, magnesium and calcium. The corresponding trimethylsulfonium salt may also be used.
The compounds of Formula (I) according to the invention can be used as herbicides by themselves, but they are generally formulated into herbicidal compositions using formulation adjuvants, such as carriers, solvents and surface-active agents (SFAs). Thus, the present invention further provides a herbicidal composition comprising a herbicidal compound of the present invention and an agriculturally acceptable formulation adjuvant. The composition can be in the form of concentrates which are diluted prior to use, although ready-to-use compositions can also be made. The final dilution is usually made with water, but can be made instead of, or in addition to, water, with, for example, liquid fertilisers, micronutrients, biological organisms, oil or solvents.
The herbicidal compositions generally comprise from 0.1 to 99% by weight, especially from 0.1 to 95% by weight, compounds of Formula I and from 1 to 99.9% by weight of a formulation adjuvant which preferably includes from 0 to 25% by weight of a surface-active substance.
The compositions can be chosen from a number of formulation types, many of which are known from the Manual on Development and Use of FAO Specifications for Plant Protection Products, 5th Edition, 1999. These include dustable powders (DP), soluble powders (SP), water soluble granules (SG), water dispersible granules (WG), wettable powders (WP), granules (GR) (slow or fast release), soluble concentrates (SL), oil miscible liquids (OL), ultra low volume liquids (UL), emulsifiable concentrates (EC), dispersible concentrates (DC), emulsions (both oil in water (EW) and water in oil (EO)), micro-emulsions (ME), suspension concentrates (SC), aerosols, capsule suspensions (CS) and seed treatment formulations. The formulation type chosen in any instance will depend upon the particular purpose envisaged and the physical, chemical and biological properties of the compound of Formula (I).
Dustable powders (DP) may be prepared by mixing a compound of Formula (I) with one or more solid diluents (for example natural clays, kaolin, pyrophyllite, bentonite, alumina, montmorillonite, kieselguhr, chalk, diatomaceous earths, calcium phosphates, calcium and magnesium carbonates, sulphur, lime, flours, talc and other organic and inorganic solid carriers) and mechanically grinding the mixture to a fine powder.
Soluble powders (SP) may be prepared by mixing a compound of Formula (I) with one or more water-soluble inorganic salts (such as sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate or magnesium sulphate) or one or more water-soluble organic solids (such as a polysaccharide) and, optionally, one or more wetting agents, one or more dispersing agents or a mixture of said agents to improve water dispersibility/solubility. The mixture is then ground to a fine powder. Similar compositions may also be granulated to form water soluble granules (SG).
Wettable powders (WP) may be prepared by mixing a compound of Formula (I) with one or more solid diluents or carriers, one or more wetting agents and, preferably, one or more dispersing agents and, optionally, one or more suspending agents to facilitate the dispersion in liquids. The mixture is then ground to a fine powder. Similar compositions may also be granulated to form water dispersible granules (WG).
Granules (GR) may be formed either by granulating a mixture of a compound of Formula (I) and one or more powdered solid diluents or carriers, or from pre-formed blank granules by absorbing a compound of Formula (I) (or a solution thereof, in a suitable agent) in a porous granular material (such as pumice, attapulgite clays, fuller's earth, kieselguhr, diatomaceous earths or ground corn cobs) or by adsorbing a compound of Formula (I) (or a solution thereof, in a suitable agent) on to a hard core material (such as sands, silicates, mineral carbonates, sulphates or phosphates) and drying if necessary. Agents which are commonly used to aid absorption or adsorption include solvents (such as aliphatic and aromatic petroleum solvents, alcohols, ethers, ketones and esters) and sticking agents (such as polyvinyl acetates, polyvinyl alcohols, dextrins, sugars and vegetable oils). One or more other additives may also be included in granules (for example an emulsifying agent, wetting agent or dispersing agent).
Dispersible Concentrates (DC) may be prepared by dissolving a compound of Formula (I) in water or an organic solvent, such as a ketone, alcohol or glycol ether. These solutions may contain a surface active agent (for example to improve water dilution or prevent crystallisation in a spray tank).
Emulsifiable concentrates (EC) or oil-in-water emulsions (EW) may be prepared by dissolving a compound of Formula (I) in an organic solvent (optionally containing one or more wetting agents, one or more emulsifying agents or a mixture of said agents). Suitable organic solvents for use in ECs include aromatic hydrocarbons (such as alkylbenzenes or alkylnaphthalenes, exemplified by SOLVESSO 100, SOLVESSO 150 and SOLVESSO 200; SOLVESSO is a Registered Trade Mark), ketones (such as cyclohexanone or methylcyclohexanone) and alcohols (such as benzyl alcohol, furfuryl alcohol or butanol), N-alkylpyrrolidones (such as N-methylpyrrolidone or N-octylpyrrolidone), dimethyl amides of fatty acids (such as C₈-C₁₀fatty acid dimethylamide) and chlorinated hydrocarbons. An EC product may spontaneously emulsify on addition to water, to produce an emulsion with sufficient stability to allow spray application through appropriate equipment.
Preparation of an EW involves obtaining a compound of Formula (I) either as a liquid (if it is not a liquid at room temperature, it may be melted at a reasonable temperature, typically below 70° C.) or in solution (by dissolving it in an appropriate solvent) and then emulsifying the resultant liquid or solution into water containing one or more SFAs, under high shear, to produce an emulsion. Suitable solvents for use in EWs include vegetable oils, chlorinated hydrocarbons (such as chlorobenzenes), aromatic solvents (such as alkylbenzenes or alkylnaphthalenes) and other appropriate organic solvents which have a low solubility in water.
Microemulsions (ME) may be prepared by mixing water with a blend of one or more solvents with one or more SFAs, to produce spontaneously a thermodynamically stable isotropic liquid formulation. A compound of Formula (I) is present initially in either the water or the solvent/SFA blend. Suitable solvents for use in MEs include those hereinbefore described for use in in ECs or in EWs. An ME may be either an oil-in-water or a water-in-oil system (which system is present may be determined by conductivity measurements) and may be suitable for mixing water-soluble and oil-soluble pesticides in the same formulation. An ME is suitable for dilution into water, either remaining as a microemulsion or forming a conventional oil-in-water emulsion.
Suspension concentrates (SC) may comprise aqueous or non-aqueous suspensions of finely divided insoluble solid particles of a compound of Formula (I). SCs may be prepared by ball or bead milling the solid compound of Formula (I) in a suitable medium, optionally with one or more dispersing agents, to produce a fine particle suspension of the compound. One or more wetting agents may be included in the composition and a suspending agent may be included to reduce the rate at which the particles settle. Alternatively, a compound of Formula (I) may be dry milled and added to water, containing agents hereinbefore described, to produce the desired end product.
Aerosol formulations comprise a compound of Formula (I) and a suitable propellant (for example n-butane). A compound of Formula (I) may also be dissolved or dispersed in a suitable medium (for example water or a water miscible liquid, such as n-propanol) to provide compositions for use in non-pressurised, hand-actuated spray pumps.
Capsule suspensions (CS) may be prepared in a manner similar to the preparation of EW formulations but with an additional polymerisation stage such that an aqueous dispersion of oil droplets is obtained, in which each oil droplet is encapsulated by a polymeric shell and contains a compound of Formula (I) and, optionally, a carrier or diluent therefor. The polymeric shell may be produced by either an interfacial polycondensation reaction or by a coacervation procedure. The compositions may provide for controlled release of the compound of Formula (I) and they may be used for seed treatment. A compound of Formula (I) may also be formulated in a biodegradable polymeric matrix to provide a slow, controlled release of the compound.
The composition may include one or more additives to improve the biological performance of the composition, for example by improving wetting, retention or distribution on surfaces; resistance to rain on treated surfaces; or uptake or mobility of a compound of Formula (I). Such additives include surface active agents (SFAs), spray additives based on oils, for example certain mineral oils or natural plant oils (such as soy bean and rape seed oil), and blends of these with other bio-enhancing adjuvants (ingredients which may aid or modify the action of a compound of Formula (I).
Wetting agents, dispersing agents and emulsifying agents may be SFAs of the cationic, anionic, amphoteric or non-ionic type.
Suitable SFAs of the cationic type include quaternary ammonium compounds (for example cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide), imidazolines and amine salts.
Suitable anionic SFAs include alkali metals salts of fatty acids, salts of aliphatic monoesters of sulphuric acid (for example sodium lauryl sulphate), salts of sulphonated aromatic compounds (for example sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate, calcium dodecylbenzenesulphonate, butylnaphthalene sulphonate and mixtures of sodium di-isopropyl- and tri-isopropyl-naphthalene sulphonates), ether sulphates, alcohol ether sulphates (for example sodium laureth-3-sulphate), ether carboxylates (for example sodium laureth-3-carboxylate), phosphate esters (products from the reaction between one or more fatty alcohols and phosphoric acid (predominately mono-esters) or phosphorus pentoxide (predominately di-esters), for example the reaction between lauryl alcohol and tetraphosphoric acid; additionally these products may be ethoxylated), sulphosuccinamates, paraffin or olefine sulphonates, taurates and lignosulphonates.
Suitable SFAs of the amphoteric type include betaines, propionates and glycinates.
Suitable SFAs of the non-ionic type include condensation products of alkylene oxides, such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide or mixtures thereof, with fatty alcohols (such as oleyl alcohol or cetyl alcohol) or with alkylphenols (such as octylphenol, nonylphenol or octylcresol); partial esters derived from long chain fatty acids or hexitol anhydrides; condensation products of said partial esters with ethylene oxide; block polymers (comprising ethylene oxide and propylene oxide); alkanolamides; simple esters (for example fatty acid polyethylene glycol esters); amine oxides (for example lauryl dimethyl amine oxide); and lecithins.
Suitable suspending agents include hydrophilic colloids (such as polysaccharides, polyvinylpyrrolidone or sodium carboxymethylcellulose) and swelling clays (such as bentonite or attapulgite).
The compounds of present invention can also be used in mixture with one or more additional herbicides and/or plant growth regulators. Examples of such additional herbicides or plant growth regulators include acetochlor, acifluorfen (including acifluorfen-sodium), aclonifen, ametryn, amicarbazone, aminopyralid, aminotriazole, atrazine, beflubutamid-M, benquitrione, bensulfuron (including bensulfuron-methyl), bentazone, bicyclopyrone, bilanafos, bispyribac-sodium, bixlozone, bromacil, bromoxynil, butachlor, butafenacil, carfentrazone (including carfentrazone-ethyl), cloransulam (including cloransulam-methyl), chlorimuron (including chlorimuron-ethyl), chlorotoluron, chlorsulfuron, cinmethylin, clacyfos, clethodim, clodinafop (including clodinafop-propargyl), clomazone, clopyralid, cyclopyranil, cyclopyrimorate, cyclosulfamuron, cyhalofop (including cyhalofop-butyl), 2,4-D (including the choline salt and 2-ethylhexyl ester thereof), 2,4-DB, desmedipham, dicamba (including the aluminium, aminopropyl, bis-aminopropylmethyl, choline, dichloroprop, diglycolamine, dimethylamine, dimethylammonium, potassium and sodium salts thereof) diclosulam, diflufenican, diflufenzopyr, dimethachlor, dimethenamid-P, diquat dibromide, diuron, epyrifenacil, ethalfluralin, ethofumesate, fenoxaprop (including fenoxaprop-P-ethyl), fenoxasulfone, fenquinotrione, fentrazamide, flazasulfuron, florasulam, florpyrauxifen (including florpyrauxifen-benzyl), fluazifop (including fluazifop-P-butyl), flucarbazone (including flucarbazone-sodium), flufenacet, flumetsulam, flumioxazin, fluometuron, flupyrsulfuron (including flupyrsulfuron-methyl-sodium), fluroxypyr (including fluroxypyr-meptyl), fomesafen, foramsulfuron, glufosinate (including L-glufosinate and the ammonium salts of both), glyphosate (including the diammonium, isopropylammonium and potassium salts thereof), halauxifen (including halauxifen-methyl), haloxyfop (including haloxyfop-methyl), hexazinone, hydantocidin, imazamox (including R-imazamox), imazapic, imazapyr, imazethapyr, indaziflam, iodosulfuron (including iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium), iofensulfuron (including iofensulfuron-sodium), ioxynil, is oproturon, isoxaflutole, lancotrione, MCPA, MCPB, mecoprop-P, mesosulfuron (including mesosulfuron-methyl), mesotrione, metamitron, metazachlor, methiozolin, metolachlor, metosulam, metribuzin, metsulfuron, napropamide, nicosulfuron, norflurazon, oxadiazon, oxasulfuron, oxyfluorfen, paraquat dichloride, pendimethalin, penoxsulam, phenmedipham, picloram, pinoxaden, pretilachlor, primisulfuron-methyl, prometryne, propanil, propaquizafop, propyrisulfuron, propyzamide, prosulfocarb, prosulfuron, pyraclonil, pyraflufen (including pyraflufen-ethyl), pyrasulfotole, pyridate, pyriftalid, pyrimisulfan, pyroxasulfone, pyroxsulam, quinclorac, quinmerac, quizalofop (including quizalofop-P-ethyl and quizalofop-P-tefuryl), rimsulfuron, saflufenacil, sethoxydim, simazine, S-metalochlor, sulfentrazone, sulfosulfuron, tebuthiuron, tefuryltrione, tembotrione, terbuthylazine, terbutryn, tetflupyrolimet, thiencarbazone, thifensulfuron, tiafenacil, tolpyralate, topramezone, tralkoxydim, triafamone, triallate, triasulfuron, tribenuron (including tribenuron-methyl), triclopyr, trifloxysulfuron (including trifloxysulfuron-sodium), trifludimoxazin, trifluralin, triflusulfuron, 3-(2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-trifluoromethyl-3,6-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)phenyl)-5-methyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazole-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester, 4-hydroxy-1-methoxy-5-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl]imidazolidin-2-one, 4-hydroxy-1,5-dimethyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl]imidazolidin-2-one, 5-ethoxy-4-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl]imidazolidin-2-one, 4-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl]imidazolidin-2-one, 4-hydroxy-1,5-dimethyl-3-[1-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-3-yl]imidazolidin-2-one, (4R)1-(5-tert-butylisoxazol-3-yl) -4-ethoxy-5-hydroxy-3-methyl-imidazolidin-2-one, 3-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-3-oxo-pyridazine-4-carbonyl]bicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2,4-dione, 2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-3-oxo-pyridazine-4-carbonyl]-5-methyl-cyclohexane-1,3-dione, 2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-3-oxo-pyridazine-4-carbonyl]cyclohexane-1,3-dione, 2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-3-oxo-pyridazine-4-carbonyl]-5,5-dimethyl-cyclohexane-1,3-dione, 6[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-3-oxo-pyridazine-4-carbonyl]-2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-cyclohexane-1,3,5-trione, 2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-3-oxo-pyridazine-4-carbonyl]-5-ethyl-cyclohexane-1,3-dione, 2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-3-oxo-pyridazine-4-carbonyl]-4,4,6,6-tetramethyl-cyclohexane-1,3-dione, 2-[6-cyclopropyl-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-pyridazine-4-carbonyl]-5-methyl-cyclohexane-1,3-dione, 3-[6-cyclopropyl-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-pyridazine-4-carbonyl]bicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2,4-dione, 2-[6-cyclopropyl-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-pyridazine-4-carbonyl]-5,5-dimethyl-cyclohexane-1,3-dione, 6-[6-cyclopropyl-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-pyridazine-4-carbonyl]-2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-cyclohexane-1,3,5-trione, 2-[6-cyclopropyl-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-pyridazine-4-carbonyl]cyclohexane-1,3-dione, 4-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-3-oxo-pyridazine-4-carbonyl]-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-tetrahydropyran-3,5-dione, 4-[6-cyclopropyl-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-pyridazine-4-carbonyl]-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-tetrahydropyran-3,5-dione, 4-amino-3-chloro-5-fluoro-6-(7-fluoro-1H-indo1-6-yl)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (including agrochemically acceptable esters thereof, for example, methyl 4-amino-3-chloro-5-fluoro-6-(7-fluoro-1H-indo1-6-yl)pyridine-2-carboxylate, prop-2-ynyl 4-amino-3-chloro -5-fluoro-6-(7-fluoro-1H-indo1-6-yl)pyridine-2-carboxylate and cyanomethyl 4-amino-3-chloro-5-fluoro-6-(7-fluoro-1H-indo1-6-yl)pyridine-2-carboxylate), 3-ethylsulfanyl-N-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine-8-carboxamide, 3-(isopropylsulfanylmethyl)-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo [4,3-a]pyridine-8-carboxamide, 3-(isopropylsulfonylmethyl)-N-(5-methyl -1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl) -5-(trifluoromethyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine-8-carboxamide, 3-(ethylsulfonylmethyl)-N-(5-methyl-1,3 4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine-8-carboxamide, ethyl 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-5-fluoro-6-[3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-1-yl]-2-pyridyl]oxy]acetate, 6-chloro-4-(2,7-dimethyl-1-naphthyl)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-pyridazin-3-one, 1-[2-chloro-6-(5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)oxy-phenyl]-4,4,4-trifluoro-butan-1-one and 5-[2-chloro-6-(5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)oxy-phenyl]-3-(difluoromethyl)isoxazole.
The mixing partners of the compound of Formula I may also be in the form of esters or salts, as mentioned e.g. in The Pesticide Manual, Sixteenth Edition, British Crop Protection Council, 2012.
The compound of Formula I can also be used in mixtures with other agrochemicals such as fungicides, nematicides or insecticides, examples of which are given in The Pesticide Manual. The mixing ratio of the compound of Formula Ito the mixing partner is preferably from 1:100 to 1000:1.
The mixtures can advantageously be used in the above-mentioned formulations (in which case “active ingredient” relates to the respective mixture of compound of Formula I with the mixing partner).
The compounds or mixtures of the present invention can also be used in combination with one or more herbicide safeners. Examples of such safeners include benoxacor, cloquintocet (including cloquintocet-mexyl), cyprosulfamide, dichlormid, fenchlorazole (including fenchlorazole-ethyl), fenclorim, fluxofenim, furilazole, isoxadifen (including isoxadifen-ethyl), mefenpyr (including mefenpyr-diethyl), metcamifen and oxabetrinil. Particularly preferred are mixtures of a compound of Formula I with cyprosulfamide, isoxadifen-ethyl, cloquintocet-mexyl and/or metcamifen.
The safeners of the compound of Formula I may also be in the form of esters or salts, as mentioned e.g. in The Pesticide Manual, 16^thEdition (BCPC), 2012. The reference to cloquintocet-mexyl also applies to a lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, iron, ammonium, quaternary ammonium, sulfonium or phosphonium salt thereof as disclosed in WO 02/34048, and the reference to fenchlorazole-ethyl also applies to fenchlorazole, etc.
Preferably the mixing ratio of compound of Formula Ito safener is from 100:1 to 1:10, especially from 20:1 to 1:1.
The mixtures can advantageously be used in the above-mentioned formulations (in which case “active ingredient” relates to the respective mixture of compound of Formula I with the safener).
The present invention still further provides a method of controlling weeds at a locus said method comprising application to the locus of a weed controlling amount of a composition comprising a compound of Formula (I). Moreover, the present invention further provides a method of selectively controlling weeds at a locus comprising crop plants and weeds, wherein the method comprises application to the locus of a weed controlling amount of a composition according to the present invention. ‘Controlling’ means killing, reducing or retarding growth or preventing or reducing germination. Generally, the plants to be controlled are unwanted plants (weeds). ‘Locus’ means the area in which the plants are growing or will grow. Some crop plants may be inherently tolerant to herbicidal effects of compounds of Formula (I). However, in some instances tolerance may need to be engineered into the crop plant, for example by way of genetic engineering. Thus, it is possible that the crop plant is rendered tolerant to HPPD-inhibitors via genetic engineering. Methods of rending crop plants tolerant to HPPD-inhibitors are known, for example from WO0246387. Thus in an even more preferred embodiment the crop plant is transgenic in respect of a polynucleotide comprising a DNA sequence which encodes an HPPD-inhibitor resistant HPPD enzyme derived from a bacterium, more particularly from Pseudomonas fluorescens or Shewanella colwelliana, or from a plant, more particularly, derived from a monocot plant or, yet more particularly, from a barley, maize, wheat, rice, Brachiaria, Cenchrus, Lolium, Festuca, Setaria, Eleusine, Sorghum or Avena species. Several HPPD-tolerant soybean transgenic “events” are known and include for example SYHT04R (WO2012/082542), SYHT0H2 (WO2012/082548) and FG72. Other polynucleotide sequences that can be used to provide plants which are tolerant to the compounds of the present invention are disclosed in, for example, WO2010/085705 and WO2011/068567. Crop plants in which the composition according to the invention can be used thus include crops such as cereals, for example barley and wheat, cotton, oilseed rape, sunflower, maize, rice, soybeans, sugar beet, sugar cane and turf.
Crop plants can also include trees, such as fruit trees, palm trees, coconut trees or other nuts. Also included are vines such as grapes, fruit bushes, fruit plants and vegetables.
The rates of application of compounds of Formula I may vary within wide limits and depend on the nature of the soil, the method of application (pre- or post-emergence; seed dressing; application to the seed furrow; no tillage application etc.), the crop plant, the weed(s) to be controlled, the prevailing climatic conditions, and other factors governed by the method of application, the time of application and the target crop. The compounds of Formula I according to the invention are generally applied at a rate of from 10 to 2000 g/ha, especially from 50 to 1000 g/ha.
The application is generally made by spraying the composition, typically by tractor mounted sprayer for large areas, but other methods such as dusting (for powders), drip or drench can also be used.
Crop plants are to be understood as also including those crop plants which have been rendered tolerant to herbicides or classes of herbicides (e.g. ALS-, GS-, EPSPS-, PPO-, ACCase- and HPPD-inhibitors) by conventional methods of breeding or by genetic engineering. An example of a crop that has been rendered tolerant to imidazolinones, e.g. imazamox, by conventional methods of breeding is Clearfield® summer rape (canola). Examples of crops that have been rendered tolerant to herbicides by genetic engineering methods include e.g. glyphosate- and glufosinate-resistant maize varieties commercially available under the trade names RoundupReady® and LibertyLink®.
Crop plants are also to be understood as being those which have been rendered resistant to harmful insects by genetic engineering methods, for example Bt maize (resistant to European corn borer), Bt cotton (resistant to cotton boll weevil) and also Bt potatoes (resistant to Colorado beetle). Examples of Bt maize are the Bt 176 maize hybrids of NK® (Syngenta Seeds). The Bt toxin is a protein that is formed naturally by Bacillus thuringiensis soil bacteria. Examples of toxins, or transgenic plants able to synthesise such toxins, are described in EP-A-451 878, EP-A-374 753, WO 93/07278, WO 95/34656, WO 03/052073 and EP-A-427 529. Examples of transgenic plants comprising one or more genes that code for an insecticidal resistance and express one or more toxins are KnockOut@ (maize), Yield Gard® (maize), NuCOTIN33B® (cotton), Bollgard® (cotton), NewLeaf® (potatoes), NatureGard® and Protexcta®. Plant crops or seed material thereof can be both resistant to herbicides and, at the same time, resistant to insect feeding (“stacked” transgenic events). For example, seed can have the ability to express an insecticidal Cry3 protein while at the same time being tolerant to glyphosate.
Crop plants are also to be understood to include those which are obtained by conventional methods of breeding or genetic engineering and contain so-called output traits (e.g. improved storage stability, higher nutritional value and improved flavour).
Other useful plants include turf grass for example in golf-courses, lawns, parks and roadsides, or grown commercially for sod, and ornamental plants such as flowers or bushes.
The compositions can be used to control unwanted plants (collectively, ‘weeds’). The weeds to be controlled may be both monocotyledonous species, for example Agrostis, Alopecurus, Avena, Brachiaria, Bromus, Cenchrus, Cyperus, Digitaria, Echinochloa, Eleusine, Lolium, Monochoria, Rottboellia, Sagittaria, Scirpus, Setaria and Sorghum, and dicotyledonous species, for example Abutilon, Amaranthus, Ambrosia, Chenopodium, Chrysanthemum, Conyza, Galium, Ipomoea, Nasturtium, Sida, Sinapis, Solanum, Stellaria, Veronica, Viola and Xanthium. Weeds can also include plants which may be considered crop plants but which are growing outside a crop area ('escapes'), or which grow from seed left over from a previous planting of a different crop (volunteers'). Such volunteers or escapes may be tolerant to certain other herbicides.
The compounds of the present invention can be prepared according to the following schemes.
Compounds of Formula (I) may be prepared from benzoic acids of Formula (II) and amines of Formula (III).
Following the above scheme, the benzoic acid of Formula (II) and the amine of Formula (III) are treated with a suitable amide coupling reagent in a suitable solvent. An additive to increase the reaction rate may optionally be added. An example of a suitable amide coupling reagent is thionyl chloride. An example of a suitable solvent is pyridine. An example of a suitable additive is N-methylimidazole.
Benzoic acids of formula (II) may be prepared by hydrolysis esters of formula (IV), where “Alk” is defined as a C₁-C₆alkyl (preferably methyl or ethyl) group.
According to the above scheme, the benzoic acid of Formula (IV) is treated with a hydroxide base, for example sodium hydroxide, in a suitable solvent, for example a 3:1 mixture of ethanol:water, to give the compounds of Formula (II).
Compounds of Formula (IV) may be prepared from anilines of Formula (V) and sulfonyl chlorides of Formula (VI).
The aniline of Formula (V) is treated with the sulfonyl chloride of Formula (VI) in a suitable solvent, for example, tetrahydrofuran. A base may be required in this reaction, depending on the nature of R², R³and R⁵. An example of a suitable base is lithium hexamethyldisilazide.
Compounds of Formula (V) may be prepared from compounds of formula (VII).
The conditions used in this transformation will depend on the nature of R². For example, where R²is chlorine, the compound of Formula (VII) is treated with sulfuryl chloride and a catalytic amount of diisopropylamine.
Alternatively, compounds of Formula (I) may be prepared from compounds of Formula (VIII) and sulfonyl chloride of Formula (VI).
The compound of Formula (VIII) is treated with the compound of Formula (VI) in a suitable solvent, for example acetonitrile, to give the compound of Formula (I).
Compounds of Formula (VIII) may be prepared from compounds of Formula (IX) and amines of Formula (III).
The compound of Formula (IX) and compound of Formula (III) are treated with a base, for example 2-tert-tutylimino-2-diethylamino-1,3-dimethylperhydro-1,3,2-diazaphosphorine, in a suitable solvent, for example acetonitrile.
Compounds of Formula (IX) may be prepared from benzoic acids of Formula (X) and pentafluorophenol.
The compound of Formula (X) is treated with pentafluorophenol and an ester coupling reagent, for example 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide, in a suitable solvent, for example dichloromethane.
Compounds of Formula (X) may be prepared from compounds of Formula (V), where “Alk” is defined as a C₁-C₆alkyl group.
The compound of Formula (V) is treated with a hydroxide base, for example sodium hydroxide, in a suitable solvent, for example a 3:1 mixture of ethanol:water, to give the compounds of Formula (X).
The present invention further provides a compound of Formula (II)

- wherein R², R³and R⁵are as defined in the compound of Formula (I) and R⁴is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In a preferred embodiment, there is provided a compound of Formula (II) wherein R²is methyl or chloro, R³is CF₃or CHF₂, R⁴is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, i-propyl, n-propyl, i-butyl, c-propyl and c-propyl-(CH₂)— (more preferably methyl or ethyl) and R⁵is selected form the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl or ethyl.
The present invention still further provides a compound of Formula (IV)

- wherein R², R³, R⁴and R⁵are as defined in the compound of Formula (I) and “Alk” is C₁-C₆alkyl (more preferably methyl or ethyl). In a preferred embodiment, there is provided a compound of Formula (II) wherein R²is methyl or chloro, R³is CF₃or CHF₂, R⁴is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, i-propyl, n-propyl, i-butyl, c-propyl and c-propyl-(CH₂)— (more preferably methyl or ethyl) and R⁵is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl or ethyl.
  The following non-limiting examples provide specific synthesis methods for representative compounds of the present invention, as referred to the Tables provided herein.

Example P1. Preparation of Compound 1.002.

Step 1: Preparation of methyl 3-amino-2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoate

To a round bottom flask containing methyl 3-amino-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoate (3.00 g, 12.8 mmol) was added toluene (45 mL) and diisopropylamine (0.13 g, 1.3 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated to 70° C. Sulfuryl chloride (1.55 g, 11.5 mmol) was added the reaction mixture slowly over 10 min, and the reaction mixture quickly turned yellow and gas was released. After the addition was complete, the reaction mixture was stirred for an additional 40 min, then allowed to cool. Water (30 mL) was added and toluene was removed under reduced pressure. The reaction mixture was added to a separating funnel and extracted from ethyl acetate (2× 60 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (30 mL), dried over MgSO4 and concentrated. The residue was purified via reverse phase column chromatography (40-80% MeCN in H2O gradient with 0.1% formic acid) to give methyl 3-amino-2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoate (1.88 g, 6.97 mmol, 55%) as a yellow liquid. 1H NMR (400 MHz, d4-methanol) δ ppm 7.19 (dq, J=8.56, 1.55 Hz, 1H) 7.07 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 1H) 3.87-3.91 (s, 3H).

Step 2: Preparation of 3-amino-2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoic acid

To a stirred solution of methyl 3-amino-2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoate (10.0 g, 37.1 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (120 mL) and water (30 mL) at room temperature was added lithium hydroxide monohydrate (4.67 g, 111 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 22 hours. The mixture was then cooled to 0° C. (ice-water bath). The reaction was quenched by slow addition of 2 M aq. HCl (100 mL). The cooling bath was removed and the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature. EtOAc (100 mL) and brine (50 mL) were added and the phases were separated. The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc (100 mL). The combined organic phases were dried (MgSO4), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford 3-amino-2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoic acid (9.25 g, 34.4 mmol, 93%) as a beige solid which was used in the next step without further purification. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ=7.20-7.15 (m, 1H), 7.13-7.08 (m, 1H).

Step 3: Preparation of (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl) 3-amino-2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoate

To a stirred suspension of 3-amino-2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoic acid (9.24 g, 36.2 mmol) and 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenol (7.32 g, 39.8 mmol) in dichloromethane (139 mL) at room temperature was added 3-(ethyliminomethyleneamino)-N,N-dimethyl-propan-1-amine hydrochloride (8.32 g, 43.4 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for one hour. The reaction was then quenched by addition of sat. aq. NaHCO3 (100 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for a further 5 minutes. Dichloromethane (40 mL) was added and the phases were separated. The aqueous phase was extracted with dichloromethane (50 mL). The combined organic phases were passed through a phase separator cartridge. The filtrate was adsorbed onto silica and the crude product was purified by flash column chromatography (cyclohexane/EtOAc gradient 98:2 to 93:7). Product-containing fractions were combined and concentrated in vacuo to afford (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl) 3-amino-2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoate (12.54 g, 29.74 mmol, 82%) as a pale yellow crystalline solid. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ=7.53 (d, 1H), 7.26-7.22 (m, 1H), 4.62 (br s, 2H).

Step 4: Preparation of 3-amino-2-chloro-N-(1-ethyltetrazol-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzamide

To a stirred solution of (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl) 3-amino-2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoate (6.00 g, 14.2 mmol) in acetonitrile (120 mL) at room temperature was added 1-ethyltetrazol-5-amine (3.54 g, 31.3 mmol) followed by 2-tert-butylimino-N,N-diethyl-1,3-dimethyl-1,3,2λ⁵-diazaphosphinan-2-amine (9.34 mL, 31.3 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for the 30 minutes. Then reaction was then quenched by addition of 2 M aq. HCl (100 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for a further 5 minutes, then diluted with EtOAc (100 mL). The phases were separated. The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc (100 mL). The combined organic phases were washed with brine (100 mL), dried (MgSO4), filtered and adsorbed onto C18-silica. The crude product was partially purified by reverse phase chromatography (acetonitrile+0.1% formic acid/water+0.1% formic acid gradient 40:60 to 60:40). Product-containing fractions were combined, partially concentrated in vacuo to remove acetonitrile and lyophilised to afford partially purified material. The partially purified material was adsorbed onto C₁₈-silica and further purified by reverse phase chromatography (acetonitrile+0.1% formic acid/water+0.1% formic acid gradient 35:65 to 55:45). Clean fractions were combined and partially concentrated in vacuo to remove MeCN. The mixture was then diluted with brine (50 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2×150 mL). The combined organic phases were dried (MgSO4), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford 3-amino-2-chloro-N-(1-ethyltetrazol-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzamide (4.26 g, 11.5 mmol, 81%) as a white foam. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ=7.27 (dq, 1H), 6.94 (d, 1H), 4.42 (q, 2H), 1.58 (t, 3H).

Step 5: Preparation of 2-chloro-3-(ethylsulfonylamino)-N-(1-ethyltetrazol-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzamide

To a stirred solution of 3-amino-2-chloro-N-(1-ethyltetrazol-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzamide (250 mg, 0.677 mmol) in acetonitrile (2.50 mL) at room temperature was added ethanesulfonyl chloride (1.28 mL, 13.5 mmol). The stirred mixture was heated to a gentle reflux (heating plate temperature 90° C.) for 72 hours. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature. Water (1 mL) was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for a further hour and was then diluted with EtOAc (20 mL), water (10 mL) and brine (20 mL). The phases were separated. The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc (20 mL). The combined organic phases were dried (MgSO4), filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was partially purified by reversed phase flash chromatography (acetonitrile+0.1% formic acid/water+0.1% formic acid gradient 30:70 to 50:50). Product-containing fractions were combined, partially concentrated in vacuo to remove acetonitrile, then lyophilised to afford partially purified material. The partially purified material was then further purified by flash column chromatography (DCM/MeOH gradient 99:1 to 92:8). Clean fractions were combined and concentrated in vacuo to afford 2-chloro-3-(ethylsulfonylamino)-N-(1-ethyltetrazol-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzamide (116 mg, 0.249 mmol, 37%) as an off-white solid. 1H NMR (400 MHz, MeCN-d3): δ=7.69 (d, 1H), 7.54-7.48 (m, 1H), 4.33 (q, 2H), 3.31 (q, 2H), 1.53 (t, 3H), 1.44 (t, 3H).

Example P2. Preparation of Compound 1.003.

Methyl 3-amino-2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoate was prepared as in Step 1 of preparation of 1.002.

Step 1: Preparation of methyl 2-chloro-3-(ethylsulfonylamino)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoate

To a stirred solution of methyl 3-amino-2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoate (1.00 g, 3.52 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (10.0 mL, anhydrous) under an atmosphere of nitrogen at −78° C. was added lithium bis(trimethylsilyI)amide (1 M in THF, 8.81 mL, 8.81 mmol) dropwise over 15 minutes. The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 45 minutes, then ethanesulfonyl chloride (0.434 mL, 4.58 mmol) was added dropwise over 2 minutes. The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for a further 2 hours. The reaction was then quenched by addition of sat aq. NH₄Cl (5 mL). The mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature. EtOAc (40 mL) and 2 M aq. HCl (40 mL) were added and the phases were separated. The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc (40 mL). The combined organic phases were washed with brine (60 mL), dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by flash column chromatography on silica (cyclohexane/EtOAc gradient 90:10 to 60:40). Product containing fractions were combined and concentrated in vacuo to afford methyl 2-chloro-3-(ethylsulfonylamino)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoate (0.686 g, 1.80 mmol, 51%) as an off-white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, chloroform-d): δ=7.83 (d, 1H), 7.33 (dq, 1H), 6.19 (s, 1H), 3.40 (q, 2H), 1.55 (t, 3H).

Step 2: Preparation of 2-chloro-3-(ethylsulfonylamino)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoic acid

To a stirred solution of methyl 2-chloro-3-(ethylsulfonylamino)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoate (1.89 g, 4.96 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (15 mL) and water (3.8 mL) at room temperature was added lithium hydroxide monohydrate (0.625 g, 14.9 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 hours. The mixture was then cooled to 0° C. (ice-water bath) and was quenched by addition of 2 M aq. HCl (20 mL). The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 5 minutes, then the cooling bath was removed and the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature. EtOAc (50 mL) and brine (30 mL) were added and the phases were separated. The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc (50 mL). The combined organic phases were dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford 2-chloro-3-(ethylsulfonylamino)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoic acid (1.79 g, 4.89 mmol, 99%) as a pale yellow solid which was used in the next step without further purification. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, acetonitrile-d₃): δ=7.85 (d, 1H), 7.43 (dq, 1H), 7.22 (br s, 1H), 3.29 (q, 2H), 1.42 (t, 3H).

Step 3: Preparation of 2-chloro-3-(ethylsulfonylamino)-N-(1-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzamide

To a solution of 2-chloro-3-(ethylsulfonylamino)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoic acid (0.578 g, 1.58 mmol) and 1-methyltetrazol-5-amine (0.188 g, 1.90 mmol) under an atmosphere of nitrogen was added pyridine (5.8 mL) followed by 1-methylimidazole (0.127 mL, 1.58 mmol) at room temperature. The stirred mixture was cooled to 0° C. (ice-water bath) and thionyl chloride (0.232 mL, 3.16 mmol) was added dropwise. The stirred mixture was then allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 17 hours. The mixture was then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in a mixture of EtOAc (40 mL) and 2 M aq. HCl (40 mL). The phases were separated and the aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc (40 mL). The combined organic phases were washed with brine (50 mL), dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford crude product as a pale yellow foam. The crude product was suspended in 2-propanol (6 mL) and the mixture was heated to 100° C. All material dissolved to give a pale yellow solution. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature. The precipitated solid was filtered off and dried under suction. The collected solid was recombined with the filtrate and adsorbed onto silica. This material was then purified by flash column chromatography on silica (CH₂Cl₂/MeOH gradient 99:1 to 90:10). Product containing fractions were combined and concentrated in vacuo to afford a colourless gum. MTBE was added and the mixture was again concentrated in vacuo to afford a sticky white solid. This was dissolved in DCM/MeOH and concentrated in vacuo, then further dried under high vacuum to afford 2-chloro-3-(ethylsulfonylamino)-N-(1-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzamide (0.085 g, 0.19 mmol, 12%) as an off-white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, acetonitrile-d₃): δ=7.70 (d, 1H), 7.56-7.48 (m, 1H), 3.98 (s, 3H), 3.31 (q, 2H), 1.44 (t, 3H).

Example P3. Preparation of Compound 1.011.

Step 1: Preparation of 3-amino-2-chloro-4-(difluoromethoxy)benzoic acid

To a stirred solution of methyl 3-amino-2-chloro-4-(difluoromethoxy)benzoate (15.3 g, 60.7 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (122 mL) and water (31 mL) at room temperature was added lithium hydroxide monohydrate (7.65 g, 182 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 26 hours. The mixture was then cooled to 0° C. (ice-water bath). The reaction was then quenched by slow addition of 2 M aq. HCl (150 mL). The cooling bath was removed and the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature. EtOAc (150 mL) and brine (100 mL) were added and the phases were separated. The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc (100 mL). The combined organic phases were dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford 3-amino-2-chloro-4-(difluoromethoxy)benzoic acid (14.6 g, 55.1 mmol, 91%) as a beige solid that was used in the next step without further purification. ¹H NMR (:400 MHz, methanol-d₄) δ=7.15 (d, 1H), 7.08-7.03 (m, 1H), 6.87 (t, 1H).

Step 2: Preparation of (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl) 3-amino-2-chloro-4-(difluoromethoxy)benzoate

To 3-amino-2-chloro-4-(difluoromethoxy)benzoic acid (14.5 g, 55.1 mmol) was added acetonitrile (102 mL) and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 minutes. A solution of 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenol (11.2 g, 60.6 mmol) in acetonitrile (44 mL) was added, followed by 3-(ethyliminomethyleneamino)-N,N-dimethyl-propan-1-amine hydrochloride (12.7 g, 66.1 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction was then quenched by addition of 2 M aq. HCl (150 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for a further 5 minutes, then transferred to a separating funnel, rinsing with EtOAc (3×20 mL). EtOAc (200 mL) and brine (150 mL) were added and the phases were separated. The organic phase was washed with sat. aq. NaHCO₃(200 mL), then dried (MgSO₄) and filtered. The filtrate was adsorbed onto silica (100 g) and purified by flash column chromatography on silica (cyclohexane/EtOAc gradient 96:4 to 80:20). Product containing fractions were combined and concentrated in vacuo to afford (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl) 3-amino-2-chloro-4-(difluoromethoxy)benzoate (19.9 g, 46.9 mmol, 85%) as a pale yellow solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, chloroform-d): δ=7.55 (d, 1H), 7.11 (d, 1H), 6.62 (t, 1H), 4.59 (br s, 2H).

Step 3: Preparation of (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl) 2-chloro-4-(difluoromethoxy)-3-(propylsulfonylamino)benzoate

To a solution of (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl) 3-amino-2-chloro-4-(difluoromethoxy)benzoate (0.8 g, 2 mmol,) in tetrahydrofuran (8 mL) at −78° C. was added dropwise lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (1 M in THF, 5 mL, 5 mmol). The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 45 minutes. Propane-1-sulfonyl chloride (0.3 mL, 3 mmol) was then added dropwise. The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 2 hours. The reaction was then quenched with sat. aq. NH₄Cl. 2N HCl was added and the mixture was extracted three times with EtOAc. The combined organic phases were washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was adsorbed on silica and was purified by flash column chromatography on silica (cyclohexane/EtOAc 70:30) to afford (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl) 2-chloro-4-(difluoromethoxy)-3-(propylsulfonylamino)benzoate (0.47 g, 0.92 mmol, 50%) as a white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ ppm 9.61 (s, 1H), 8.22 (d, 1H), 7.32-7.73 (m, 2H), 3.17-3.26 (m, 2H), 1.86 (br d, 2H), 1.01 (t, 3H).

Step 4: Preparation of 2-chloro-4-(difluoromethoxy)-N-(1-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-3-(propylsulfonylamino)benzamide

To a stirred solution of 1-methyltetrazol-5-amine (0.14 g, 1.4 mmol) in DMF (3 mL) was added 2-tert-butylimino-2-diethylamino-1,3-dimethylperhydro-1,3,2-diazaphosphorine (1.4 mL, 4.6 mmol) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. To this was added a solution of (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl) 2-chloro-4-(difluoromethoxy)-3-(propylsulfonylamino)benzoate (0.47 g, 0.92 mmol) in DMF (3 mL) and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction was quenched with 1 N HCl and extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed three times with ice water, then washed with brine, dried over Na₂SO₄and concentrated in vacuo. The solid obtained was washed three times with MTBE and dried under vacuum to afford 2-chloro-4-(difluoromethoxy)-N-(1-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-3-(propylsulfonylamino)benzamide (0.16 g, 0.38 mmol, 41%) as an off-white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ ppm 11.87 (s, 1H), 9.53 (s, 1H) 7.77 (d, 1H) 7.41 (t, 1H) 7.39 (d, 1H) 4.00 (s, 3H) 3.13-3.28 (m, 2H) 1.82-1.92 (m, 2H) 1.02 (t, 3H).

TABLE 1

Examples of herbicidal compounds of the present invention.

Compound
Number	Structure	1H-NMR

1.001		1H NMR (400 MHz, d4-methanol): δ = 7.74 (d, 1H), 7.59-7.53 (m, 1H), 4.43 (q, 2H), 3.21 (s, 3H), 1.58 (t, 3H).

1.002		1H NMR (400 MHz, d3-acetonitrile): δ = 7.69 (d, 1H), 7.54-7.48 (m, 1H), 4.33 (q, 2H), 3.31 (q, 2H), 1.53 (t, 3H), 1.44 (t, 3H).

1.003		1H NMR (400 MHz, d3-acetonitrile): δ = 7.70 (d, 1H), 7.55-7.48 (m, 1H), 3.98 (s, 3H), 3.31 (q, 2H), 1.44 (t, 3H).

1.004		1H NMR (400 MHz, d4-methanol): δ = 7.75 (d, 1H), 7.55 (qd, 1H), 4.07 (s, 3H), 3.21 (s, 3H).

1.005

1.006

1.007

1.008

1.009

1.010

1.011		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 11.87 (s, 1 H) 9.53 (s, 1 H) 7.77 (d, 1 H) 7.41 (t, 1H) 7.39 (d, 1 H) 4.00 (s, 3 H) 3.13-3.28 (m, 2 H) 1.82- 1.92 (m, 2 H) 1.02 (t, 3 H)

1.012

1.013		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 11.87 (br s, 1 H), 9.45 (s, 1 H), 7.77 (br d, 1 H), 7.40 (t, 1H), 7.37 (d, 2 H), 4.00 (s, 4 H), 3.37-3.40 (m, 1 H), 1.37 (d, 6 H)

1.014		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6), 11.87 (br s, 1H), 9.64 (br s, 1H), 7.77 (d, 1H), 7.41 (t, 1H), 7.39 (d, 1H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 3.81 (t, 2H), 3.52 (t, 2H), 3.28 (s, 3H)

1.015

1.016

1.017

1.018

1.019

1.020

1.021		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ ppm 11.85 (br s, 1 H), 9.50 (br s, 1 H), 7.76 (d, 1 H), 7.41 ( t, 1H), 7.39 (d, 1 H), 3.99 (s, 3 H), 3.16 (d, 2 H), 2.19-2.37 (m, 1 H), 1.06 (d, 6 H)

1.022

1.023

1.024

1.025

1.026

1.027

1.028

1.029

1.030

1.031

1.032

1.033

1.034

1.035

1.036

1.037

1.038

1.039

1.040

1.041

1.042

1.043

1.044

1.045

1.046

1.047

1.048

1.049

1.050

1.051

1.052

1.053

1.054		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): 11.91 (br s, 1H), 9.91 (br s, 1H), 7.84 (d, 1H), 7.64 (d, 1H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 3.81 (t, 2H), 3.52 (t, 2H), 3.28 (s, 3H)

1.055		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ ppm 11.93 (br s, 1H), 9.78 (br s, 1H), 7.83 (d, 1H), 7.64 (d, 1H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 3.16 (d, 2H), 2.22-2.34 (m, 1H), 1.07 (d, 6H)

1.056		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ ppm 11.93 (br s, 1H), 9.79 (br s, 1H), 7.82 (d, 1H), 7.63 (br d, 1H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 3.19 (d, 2H), 1.15-1.25 (m, 1H), 0.59-0.67 (m, 2H), 0.37-0.46 (m, 2H)

1.057		1H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d4), 7.76 (d, 1H), 7.56 (d, 1H), 4.07 (s, 3H), 3.36-3.58 (m, 1H), 1.47 (d, 6H)

1.058		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ ppm 11.96 (br s, 1H), 9.81 (br s, 1H), 7.83 (d, 1H), 7.65 (d, 1H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 3.15-3.25 (m, 2H), 1.80-1.91 (m, 2H), 1.02 (t, 3H)

1.059		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): 11.67 (br s, 1H), 9.70 (br s, 1H), 7.75 (d, 1H), 7.40 (t, 1H), 7.38 (d, 1H), 4.35 (q, 2H), 3.15 (s, 3H), 1.47 (t, 3H)

1.060

1.061

1.062

1.063		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ ppm 11.87 (br s, 1H), 9.57 (br s, 1H), 7.78 (d, 1H), 7.40 (t, 1H), 7.39 (d, 1H), 4.01 (s, 3H), 2.71-2.80 (m, 1H), 0.91-1.10 (m, 4H)

1.064		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 1.36 (t, 3 H) 3.22 (q, 2 H) 3.99 (s, 3 H) 7.38 (d, 1 H) 7.40 (t, 1 H) 7.76 (d, 1 H) 9.53 (br s, 1 H) 11.90 (br s, 1 H)

1.065		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 3.15 (s, 3 H) 3.99 (s, 3 H) 7.39 (d, 1 H) 7.40 (t, 1 H) 7.77 (d, 1 H) 9.61 (br s, 1 H) 11.88 (br s, 1 H)

1.066		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ ppm 11.95 (br s, 1H), 9.82 (m, 1H), 7.84 (d, 1H), 7.64 (d, 1H), 4.01 (s, 3H), 2.69-2.80 (m, 1H), 1.01-1.10 (m, 2H), 0.93-1.01 (m, 2H)

1.067		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 11.87 (br s, 1 H) 9.57 (br s, 1 H) 7.78 (d, 1 H) 7.40 (t, J = 4.22 Hz, 2 H) 7.39 (d, 1 H) 4.01 (s, 3 H) 2.71- 2.80 (m, 1 H) 0.91-1.10 (m, 4 H)

1.068		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 11.87 (br s, 1 H) 9.45 (s, 1 H) 7.77 (brd, 1 H) 7.40 (t, 1H) 7.37 (d, 2 H) 4.00 (s, 4 H) 3.37-3.40 (m, 1 H) 1.37 (d, 6 H)

1.069		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 11.87 (s, 1 H) 9.53 (s, 1 H) 7.77 (d, 1 H) 7.41 (t, 1H) 7.39 (d, 1 H) 4.00 (s, 3 H) 3.13-3.28 (m, 2 H) 1.82-1.92 (m, 2 H) 1.02 (t, 3 H)

1.070		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 11.85 (br s, 1 H) 9.50 (br s, 1 H) 7.76 (d, 1 H) 7.41 (t, 1H) 7.39 (d, 1 H) 3.99 (s, 3 H) 3.16 (d, 2 H) 2.19- 2.37 (m, 1 H) 1.06 (d, 6 H)

1.071		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) 11.92 (br s, 1H) 7.86 (d, 1H), 7.48 (d, 1H), 7.47 (t, 1H), 3.99 (s, 3H), 3.21 (s, 3H), 3.16 (s, 3H)

1.072		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 11.96 (br s, 1 H) 9.81 (br s, 1 H) 7.83 (d, 1H) 7.65 (d, 1H) 4.00 (s, 3H), 3.15-3.25 (m, 2 H), 1.80-1.91 (m, 2 H), 1.02 (t, 3H)

1.073		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 11.95 (br s, 1 H) 9.82 (m, 1 H) 7.84 (d, 1 H) 7.64 (d, 1 H) 4.01 (s, 3 H) 2.69-2.80 (m, 1 H) 1.01-1.10 (m, 2 H) 0.93-1.01 (m, 2 H)

1.074		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 11.93 (br s, 1 H) 9.78 (br s, 1 H) 7.83 (d, 1 H) 7.64 (d, 1 H) 4.00 (s, 3 H) 3.16 (d, 2 H) 2.22-2.34 (m, 1 H) 1.07 (d, 6 H)

1.075		1H NMR (400 MHz, d4-methanol): 7.71 (d, 1H), 7.44-7.37 (m, 1H), 4.05 (s, 3H), 3.13 (s, 3H), 2.57 (s, 3H)

1.076		1H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d4), 7.76 (d, 1H) 7.56 (d, 1H) 4.07 (s, 3H) 3.36-3.58 (m,1H) 1.47 (d, 6H)

1.077		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) 11.92 (br s, 1H) 7.87 (brd, J = 8.50 Hz, 1H), 7.64 (brd, J = 8.13 Hz, 1H), 3.96 (s, 3H), 3.25 (s, 3H) 3.19 (s, 3H)

1.078		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6), 11.98 (br s, 1H), 7.89 (d, 1H), 7.63 (d, 1H), 3.97 (s, 3H), 3.57-3.71 (m, 2H), 3.34-3.46 (m, 2H), 1.32 (t, 3H), 1.05 (t, 3H)

1.079		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6), 11.94 (br s, 1H), 7.92 (d, 1H), 7.66 (d, 1H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 3.66 (q, 2H), 3.24 (s, 3 H) 1.07 (t, 3H)

1.080		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6), 11.95 (br s, 1H), 7.93 (d, 1H), 7.70 (d, 1H), 4.01 (s, 3H), 3.36- 3.47 (m, 2H), 3.19 (s, 3H), 1.34 (t, 3H)

1.081		1H NMR (400 MHz, d3-acetonitrile): 7.67 (d, 1H), 7.42-7.34 (m, 1H), 3.97 (s, 3H), 3.22 (q, 2H), 2.52 (s, 3H), 1.41 (t, 3H)

1.082		1H NMR (400 MHz, methanol), 3.14-3.21 (m, 3H), 3.96-4.11 (m, 3H), 6.26-6.58 (m, 1H), 7.53- 7.61 (m, 1H), 7.69-7.78 (m, 1H)

1.083		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6), 11.87 (br s, 1H) 9.64 (br s, 1H) 7.77 (d, 1H) 7.41 (t, 1H) 7.39 (d, 1H) 4.00 (s, 3H) 3.81 (t, 2H) 3.52 (t, 2H) 3.28 (s, 3H)

1.084		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) 11.91 (br s, 1H), 9.91 (br s, 1H), 7.84 (d, 1H), 7.64 (d, 1H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 3.81 (t, 2H), 3.52 (t, 2H), 3.28 (s, 3H)

1.085		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 11.93 (br s, 1 H) 9.79 (br s, 1 H) 7.82 (d, 1 H) 7.63 (br d, 1 H) 4.00 (s, 3 H) 3.19 (d, 2 H) 1.15-1.25 (m, 1 H) 0.59-0.67 (m, 2 H) 0.37-0.46 (m, 2 H)

1.086		1H NMR (400 MHz, methanol), 1.43-1.55 (m, 3H), 2.14-2.20 (m, 1H), 3.26-3.37 (m, 2H), 4.05- 4.12 (m, 3H), 6.28-6.60 (m, 1H), 7.56-7.63 (m, 1H), 7.70-7.79 (m, 1H)

1.087		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) 11.89 (br s, 1H) 7.85 (d, 1H), 7.47 (t, 1H), 7.45 (d, 1H), 3.99 (s, 3H), 3.37 (q, 2 H), 3.16 (s, 3 H), 1.18 (t, 3 H)

1.088		1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6), 11.89 (s, 1H), 7.86 (d, 1H), 7.52 (t, 1H), 7.45 (d, 2H), 3.99 (s, 3H), 3.64 (q, 2H), 3.20 (s, 3H), 1.06 (t, 3H)

TABLE 2

Examples of intermediate compounds of the present invention.

Compound
Number	R²	R³	R⁴	R⁵

2.001	Me	CF₃	Me	H
2.002	Me	CF₃	Et	H
2.003	Me	CF₃	iPr	H
2.004	Me	CF₃	nPr	H
2.005	Me	CF₃	Me	Me
2.006	Me	CF₃	Et	Me
2.007	Me	CF₃	iPr	Me
2.008	Me	CF₃	nPr	Me
2.009	Me	CHF₂	Me	H
2.010	Me	CHF₂	Et	H
2.011	Me	CHF₂	iPr	H
2.012	Me	CHF₂	nPr	H
2.013	Me	CHF₂	Me	Me
2.014	Me	CHF₂	Et	Me
2.015	Me	CHF₂	iPr	Me
2.016	Me	CHF₂	nPr	Me
2.017	Cl	CF₃	Me	H
2.018	Cl	CF₃	Et	H
2.019	Cl	CF₃	iPr	H
2.020	Cl	CF₃	nPr	H
2.021	Cl	CF₃	Me	Me
2.022	Cl	CF₃	Et	Me
2.023	Cl	CF₃	iPr	Me
2.024	Cl	CF₃	nPr	Me
2.025	Cl	CHF₂	Me	H
2.026	Cl	CHF₂	Et	H
2.027	Cl	CHF₂	iPr	H
2.028	Cl	CHF₂	nPr	H
2.029	Cl	CHF₂	Me	Me
2.030	Cl	CHF₂	Et	Me
2.031	Cl	CHF₂	iPr	Me
2.032	Cl	CHF₂	nPr	Me

BIOLOGICAL EXAMPLES

Seeds of a variety of test species are sown in standard soil in pots (Lolium perenne (LOLPE), Amaranthus retoflexus (AMARE), Amaranthus palmeri (AMAPA), Ablution theophrasti (ABUTH), Setaria faberi (SETFA), Echinochloa crus-galli (ECHCG), Ipomoea hederacea (IPOHE)). After cultivation for one day (pre-emergence) or after 8 days cultivation (post-emergence) under controlled conditions in a glasshouse (at 24/16° C., day/night; 14 hours light; 65% humidity), the plants are sprayed with an aqueous spray solution derived from the formulation of the technical active ingredient in acetone/water (50:50) solution containing 0.5% Tween 20 (polyoxyethelyene sorbitan monolaurate, CAS RN 9005-64-5). Compounds are applied at 130 g/h unless otherwise indicated. The test plants are then grown in a glasshouse under controlled conditions in a glasshouse (at 24/16° C., day/night; 14 hours light; 65% humidity) and watered twice daily. After 13 days for pre and post-emergence, the test is evaluated for the percentage damage caused to the plant. The biological activities are shown in the following table on a five-point scale (5=80-100%; 4=60-79%; 3=40-59%; 2=20-39%; 1=0-19%).

	TABLE B1

	POST Application	PRE Application

Compound	AMARE	AMAPA	ABUTH	SETFA	ECHCG	IPOHE	AMARE	AMAPA	ABUTH	SETFA	ECHCG	IPOHE

1.001	4	—	5	5	5	5	5	—	5	3	5	4
1.002	5	—	5	5	5	4	5	—	5	5	5	5
1.003	4	—	5	5	5	5	5	—	5	4	5	4
1.004	5	—	5	5	5	4	5	—	5	5	5	3
1.011	5	5	—	5	5	5	5	5	—	4	5	4
1.013	5	—	5	5	5	5	5	—	5	4	5	5
1.014	5	5	—	4	4	3	3	5	—	1	1	1
1.054	5	5	—	4	5	4	5	5	—	1	1	3
1.056	5	5	—	5	5	5	5	5	—	5	5	5
1.059	5	—	5	5	5	5	5	—	5	4	5	2
1.064	5	5	5	5	5	4	5	5	5	4	5	2
1.065	5	—	—	5	—	4	5	—	5	3	4	2
1.067	4	—	5	5	5	5	5	—	5	3	4	4
1.068	5	—	5	5	5	5	5	—	5	4	5	5
1.069	5	5	—	5	5	5	5	5	—	4	5	4
1.070	5	5	—	4	4	4	4	4	—	3	3	2
1.071	5	5	—	5	5	4	5	5	—	5	5	3
1.072	5	5	—	5	—	5	5	5	—	5	5	5
1.073	5	5	—	5	5	5	5	5	—	5	5	5
1.074	5	5	—	5	5	5	5	5	—	3	4	3
1.075	5	—	—	5	5	5	5	5	—	4	5	3
1.076	5	5	—	5	—	4	5	5	—	5	5	3
1.077	5	5	—	5	—	4	5	5	—	5	5	4
1.078	5	5	—	5	—	4	5	5	—	5	5	4
1.079	5	5	—	5	—	4	5	5	—	5	5	4
1.080	5	5	—	5	5	5	5	5	—	5	5	5
1.081	5	5	—	5	5	5	5	5	—	5	5	3
1.086	5	5	—	5	5	5	5	5	—	4	5	2
1.087	5	5	—	5	5	4	5	5	—	5	5	5

“—” = Not tested on this species or data not captured.

TABLE B2

COMPARATIVE TEST
Seeds of test species were sown in standard soil in pots. After cultivation for one day under
controlled conditions in a glasshouse (at 24/16° C., day/night; 14 hours light; 65% humidity), the
plants were sprayed with an aqueous spray solution derived from the formulation of the technical
active ingredient in 0.6 ml acetone and 45 ml formulation solution containing 10.6% Emulsogen
EL (Registry number 61791-12-6), 42.2% N-methyl pyrrolidone, 42.2% dipropylene glycol
monomethyl ether (CAS RN 34590-94-8) and 0.2% X-77 (CAS RN 11097-66-8).
The test plants were then grown in a glasshouse under controlled conditions in a glasshouse (at
24/16° C., day/night; 14 hours light; 65% humidity) and watered twice daily. After 14 days, the
test was evaluated (100 = total damage to plant; 0 = no damage to plant).
Test species: AMARE (Amaranthus retoflexus); ECHCG (Echinochloa crus-galli); SETFA
(Setaria faberi), IPOHE (Ipomoea hederacea).

PRE Application

Compound	Rate g/ha	AMARE	ECHCG	SETFA	IPOHE

C1

130	100	60	20	0
31	60	10	10	0

1.075

130	100	90	60	50
31	80	60	30	40

1.081

130	100	90	80	50
31	90	60	20	40

C1 is compound 4-363 disclosed in WO2012/028579. As can be seen, the introduction of the 3-sulphonamide substituent on the phenyl ring provides an unexpected improvement in the weed control observed.

Claims

1. A compound of Formula (I):

or an agronomically acceptable salt thereof,

wherein:

R¹is selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₄alkyl-, C₁-C₄haloalkyl-, C₁-C₄alkoxy-C₁-C₄alkyl- and C₁-C₄haloalkoxy-C₁-C₄alkyl-;

R²is selected from the group consisting of halogen, C₁-C₆alkyl-, C₁-C₃alkoxy-, C₁-C₆haloalkyl- and −S(O)_pC₁-C₆alkyl;

R³is C₁-C₆haloalkyl;

R⁴is selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, C₁-C₃alkoxy-C₁-C₃-alkyl-, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl-C₁-C₃alkyl-, phenyl and heteroaryl, wherein the phenyl or heteroaryl groups, where chemically feasible, may be optionally substituted by 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, C₁-C₃-alkyl, C₁-C₃alkoxy, C₁-C₃haloalkyl, C₁-C₃-haloalkoxy and cyano;

R⁵is hydrogen or C₁-C₃alkyl; and

p is 0, 1 or 2.

2. A compound according to claim 1, wherein R¹is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl and n-propyl.

3. A compound according to claim 1, wherein R²is selected from the group consisting of methyl, Cl, —CF₃and −SO_2methyl.

4. A compound according to claim 3, wherein R²is Cl.

5. A compound according to claim 1, wherein R³is —CF₃or —CHF₂.

6. A compound according to claim 1, wherein R⁴is selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, C₁-C₃alkoxy-C₁-C₃-alkyl-, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl-C₁-C₃alkyl-, phenyl and heteroaryl, wherein the phenyl or heteroaryl groups, where chemically feasible, may be optionally substituted by 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, C₁-C₃-alkyl, C₁-C₃alkoxy, C₁-C₃haloalkyl, C₁-C₃-haloalkoxy and cyano.

7. A compound according to claim 6, wherein R⁴is C₁-C₆alkyl.

8. A compound according to claim 7, wherein R⁴is methyl or ethyl.

9. A compound according to claim 1, wherein R⁵is hydrogen.

10. A herbicidal composition comprising a compound according to claim 1 and an agriculturally acceptable formulation adjuvant.

11. A herbicidal composition according to claim 10, further comprising at least one additional pesticide.

12. A herbicidal composition according to claim 11, wherein the additional pesticide is a herbicide or herbicide safener.

13. A method of controlling weeds at a locus comprising application to the locus of a weed controlling amount of a composition according to claim 1.

14. Use of a compound of Formula (I) as defined in claim 1 as a herbicide.

15. A compound of Formula (II)

wherein R², R³and R⁵are as defined in the compound of Formula (I) in claim 1 and R⁴is C₁-C₆alkyl.