US2023039A - Pumping unit - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 3, 1935. Q WELLS ET AL 2,023,039

PUMPING UNIT Filed July 16, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet l abtormug Dec. 3, 1935. E. c. WELLS El AL PUMPING UNIT Filed July 16, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Dec. 3, 1935 'Ui iiTED STATES PATENT OFFICE PUMPING UNI'J.v

Edward 0. Wells and Albert H; Krn'er;

Dayton,

Application July 16, 1931, siiai No. 551,177

4 Claims.

This invention relates to self-contained pump and power units, and more particularly to such a unit comprising a pump and a prime mover therefor, which unit is portable.

One of the principal objects of the invention is the provision of a compact self-contained engine driven unit ofsimple and rugged construction, having high operating eiiiciency, and which is capable of withstanding the deteriorating'efiects of rough and continued service.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a pumping unit which is readily portable, and which may be satisfactorily operated either when standing on its base or when suspended, as from the hook of the lifting crane.

A-further object of the invention is the provision of a pumping unit in which the various parts are coordinated as to design so as to readily fit together into a rigid assembly for eifective operation; the major parts of the unit being arranged so as to overlie and protect from damage the operating mechanism attached to and forming part of the pumping unit.

In the drawings, which disclose a preferred embodiment of the invention- Figs. 1 and 2 are elevational views of a pumping unit constructed in accordance with this invention;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the pumping unit;

Fig. 4 is a sectional View taken on the line l l of Fig. 2; H V

Fig. 5 is a plan View of the bottom side of the .fuel tank; a portion being broken away for clearness of illustration;

Fig. 6 is a sectional View on the line 66 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is an elevational view of the pumping unit with carrying truck attached; and

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the priming pump.

The drawings, in which like characters of ref erence designate like parts throughout the several views thereof, illustrate a self-contained engine driven operating unit. The engine driven work device is shown and described as a pump for lifting or pumping water or the like, although obviously the work device may be of a difierent character. The unit comprises generally a work device or pump Ill, pump driving means H in the form of an internal combustion engine, and a connecting member l2 which is attached to the pump and engine to hold these parts in fixed spaced relationship. A base structure l4 serves to support the pumping unit from the floor with the pump and engine standing vertically related to one another. Additional supporting means are pr vided n the fo mer a sus e am 15 by which the complete pumping unit may be lifted bodily for moving it around as from a cranehook, or forsuspension of the unit while pumping The unit may be readily attached to 5 a carrying truck, suchas is shown in Fig. 7, in which a truck has been backed up to the pump and has the draw bartilted upwardly to permit insertionof lower attaching bolts l4' between the truck frame and the pump base l4. Upon at- 10 tachment of hook bolts I 5 to the suspension frame IS the pump may be raised from the ground by lowering the draw bar of the truck.

The engine I I comprises a crankcase [6 which has formed as an integral part thereof a bearing sleeve IT for the reception of a bearing bushing l8 within which the vertically extending crank shaft I5 is journaled. The crank case l6 also has attached to it oppositely positioned horizontally extendingv cylindersjll within which are fitted pistons 2| having connecting rods 22 which are attached to the" crank throws 23 of the crank shaftlB. The engine is: preferably of the two cylinder two cycle type and is arranged so that the cylinders fire simultaneously. 25

A fuel tank 24 is mount ed above the engine. This tank ispreferably formed as a casting and is of substantial proportion'. It is: shown of ringlike shape and is mounted coaxially with the crank shaft. A tube islprovided for the passage of fuel from the fuel tank 24' to the carbureter 25. The carburetor is bolte d to the engine crank case in communication with ducts leading to the interior of the crank case and terminating in openings positioned at the inner ends of the cylinders so as to be uncovered upon outward movement of the pistons 21'. Gaseous fuel from the carbureter is drawn into the crank case as the pistons move outwardly and is' then compressed therein upon r verse movement of the pistons. As the pistons reach the end of the inward stroke they uncover the openings of passages 26 leading from the crank case to the cylinder interiors to permit the compressed charge of fuel to flow thereinto. At this same time the exhaust 4 ports 21 areopen'by; being uncovered by the pistonsso that theburnedg'ases of a previous power impulse may pass from the cylinders through the exhaust stacks 28 int'othe muffi'er 29 and be discharged through the exhaust pipe 39. A spark plug 32 is provided in each cylinder for ignition of the gaseous charge; each plug being connected by a cable 33' to a coil 34 which is electrically connected to an energizing circuit. A battery supplies the necessary current and is carried in a container 35 which is shown suspended from the frame E5.

The battery circuit is interrupted by a circuit breaking mechanism comprising a contact arm 36 which is pivotally mounted on an axis parallel to the crank shaft axis and is spring tensioned to bear against the crank shaft surface. On the crank shaft is a fiat portion providing a cam face 31 so that upon each rotation thereof the contact arm 36 will be moved by its spring to interrupt the circuit in proper timed relation to the positioning of the pistons. The contact arm is of conventional form and has a fiber block which bears against the crank shaft surface by being tensioned thereagainst. In order to prevent undue wear between the contacting surfaces of the fiber block and the crank shaft a hard smooth surface is provided on the crank shaft by electroplating a surface layer of chromium thereon. The crank shaft is of such size that it presents a difficult problem of handling to properly harden the camming surface by heat treatment and to subsequently grind this surface to provide the de sired smoothness. The surface layer of chromium applied thereto by electro-plating presents a simple and effective means of acquiring a hard surface of sufficient depth to withstand the rubbing contact of the tensionedcircuit breaker.

The upper end of the crank shaft i9 is tapered as shown at 46 and is provided with a key ii to receive the hub of a fiy wheel 42. To permit starting of the engine the fly wheel is provided with the annular rope receiving groove 43 wherein a length of rope may be wrapped to rotate the engine by a pull on the rope. The groove has a notch 44 for engagement of the rope end. The spokes 45 which extend to the fly wheel rim 45 are positioned in the form of an fan blades to direct a flow of cooling air over the cylinders which are provided with cooling ribs 48. The cylinders are enclosed in jackets 49 by which the cooling air from the fan is directed over the cylinders.

The fly wheel 42 is shown mounted Within the confines of the ring shaped fuel tank 24 which is bolted at 50 to a flange 5| extending from the bearing sleeve I! of the crank case. The fuel tank is provided with passages for directing the flow of cooling air from the fan into the cylinder enclosing jackets 49. As shown, the inner cylindrical wall 53 of the fuel tank closely encircles the rim 45 of the fly wheel. Oppositely positioned air conducting passages 54 of volute shape are formed in the fuel tank and have semi-circular openings 55 which communicate with the space adjacent the fiy wheel. At the lower wall 5? of the fuel tank the passages 54 communicate with the cylinder jackets 49 through openings 58. Each jacket has an upstanding flange 58 similar in outline to the corresponding opening 58 and is proportioned to contact with and be attached to the frames 6| which define the openings 58. Outlets for the cooling air from the jackets are provided by openings 63 which are positioned at the point of attachment of the exhaust stacks 28 with the cylinders. Also, each jacket is provided with an opening 64 for the spark plug.

The end of the crank case opposite to that upon which the bearing sleeve I1 is formed is open and is provided with a cylindrical machined surface 66 and an adjacent disk like machined face 61 for reception of the upper end 68 of the connecting member I2 which forms a closure for the open crank case end. The connecting member end 68 is provided with a bearing sleeve II! within which is fitted a bearing bushing II for further support of the crank shaft IS. The end portion 68 is provided with machined surfaces I2 and I3 which match with the surfaces 536 and 5'] of the crank case. As the bearing sleeve If is machined relatively to the crank case surfaces 523 and 61 and the bearing sleeve I0 is machined rela tively to the surfaces I2 and 13 the two bearing sleeves I8 and "II will stand perfectly aligned for proper support of the crank shaft. Bolts 15 attach the connecting member I2 and the crank case I6 rigidly together.

The opposite end I! of the connecting member I2 is provided with a bearing sleeve for the reception of a bearing bushing F9 for further sup port of the crank shaft I9. This end of the connecting member, like the end 68, is also provided with a cylindrical machined surface 88 and an adjacent disk like machined surface 8! which match respectively with machined surfaces 82 and 83 of the casing 85 of the pump til so that the pump casing, like the crank case, is also properly aligned with respect to the crank shaft carried in the bearings of the connecting member. The crank shaft extends beyond the end of the connecting member and into the confines of the pump casing 85 for attachment of a pump impeller 87 which is shown held thereon by provision of a key 88 and a nut 89. A suction fitting 99 is shown bolted to the inlet side of the pump, while a suitable bolting ring 92 is formed at the discharge end of the pump for the attachment of pipes.

A hearing for sustaining the thrust loads of both the engine and the pump, as well as additional support for the crank shaft, is provided by the single thrust bearing 94 which is supported from the connecting member I2. As shown, an antifriction bearing 95 is mounted on the shaft I9 and is clamped against a shaft shoulder 96 by means of a nut 91 which engages a threaded portion 98 of the shaft. The antifriction bearing 95 is supported from an annular ring IUD, forming part of the connecting member I2, by provision of cup shaped housing plates IOI which are clamped to the ring I09 by bolts I52. The housing plates IBI stand facing opposite to one another and are provided with machined surfaces which engage the outer race of the bearing 95. Accurate positioning of the thrust bearing, which serves to locate the crank shaft with re spect to the engine and pump, is secured by machining the engine and pump engaging surfaces of the connecting member ends 63 and TI relatively to the surfaces of the ring I80 to which the thrust bearing housing plates IllI are attached. The single shaft which extends throughout the length of the unit and has the fly wheel attached at one end, and the pump impeller attached at the other end, and which includes also the crank throws as well as the cam face for energizing the ignition system, is rigidly and accurately supported for free rotational movement by the interfitting machined parts carrying the bearings I8, II, 95 and IS.

The base structure I4 comprises a framework fabricated from structural iron and consists generally of two U-shaped frames III) of angle iron which are bolted at III to the connecting member I2. The legs of the oppositely positioned frames are connected by cross members H2. The legs are of sufficient length to permit the suction fitting 9!! attached to the bottom of the pump to stand clear of the floor level.

The suspension frame I5 by which the unit may be lifted bodily from the floor comprises 'parallel horizontally extending members II4 of angle iron which are bolted at I I5 to the connecting member I2. The members II4 are spaced apart a distance equal to the thickness of the connecting member I2 and are joined at their outer ends by cross members IIIS which are held to the members I I4 by provision of through bolts H1. The members IIB are formed each as a series of annular ridges H8 and grooves H9, and each has loosely mounted upon it a ring I of sufficient diameter that it may be moved along its member IIB over the ridges IIB. These rings serve as a means of attachment for lifting hooks which, for example, may be attached to an overhead crane or some other suitable means of suspending the pumping unit. The provision of the series of spaced grooves permits a selective positioning of the rings I 28 so that the pumping unit may be lifted in balance irrespective of the weight of the pump piping which may be 'attached to it and tending to cause the unit to be tilted. As the unit of itself is substantially balanced, when lifting the unit alone the rings I20 will be positioned diametrically opposite one another so that the pump unit will then hang in suspension with the shaft axis standing vertically. With a length of hose attached to the suction and discharge fittings of the pump any tendency to cause the unit to tilt when suspended may be counteracted by moving the rings I23 to the proper groove to provide a balancing of the weight suspended.

The arrangement of the major parts of the pumping unit is such that the operating mechanism attached to the pumping unit, such as the carbureter, the ignition coil, the mufiler, and the battery box, are protected from damage. The major parts overlie these portions of the operating mechanism and so provide a' protecting guard whereby these parts may not be damaged by being struck or bumped during use of the pump. The fuel tank 24, as mentioned above, is circular in form and, as shown particularly in Fig. 3, extends out well beyond the positioning of the parts named above. The fuel tank by being bolted directly to the crank case and by being formed as a casting of substantial strength, is able to withstand very rough usage while serving as an overlying guard for these parts. Also, the suspension frame I5 serves as an additional protection in that its lateral extent is such as to: serve as a guard against damage to the cylinder jackets and parts projecting therefrom.

A priming pump I25 is attached to the casing 85 of the centrifugal pump to provide the initial suction when it is desired to start the pump in operation. The priming pump comprises a cylinder I 26 having an open bottom end upon which is formed a flange I 27 which serves also as a bolting ring for the reception of screws I28 by which the priming pump is held to the discharge or pressure side of the pump casing 85. The flange I21 and screws I28 serve also as a means for clamping the suction valve I38 in position so that this valve may provide a closure for the passage I3I communicating with the interior of the casing 85 and the priming pump cylinder. The valve I3!) is in the form of a flexible disk having a rim portion I32 which is held between the flange I21 and the casing 85, and a central portion I33 which is attached to the rim portion by a narrow neck so as to be readily removable upon creating suction within the priming pump. The valve portion I33 is stifiened by -provision of a disk I34 held thereto by means of a screw I35.

The priming pum'p piston rod I3'I has attached to its lower end a piston plate I38 which serves as a support for a cup leather I39 having an upturned flange which engages the interior wall of ,5 the cylinder I 26. The opposite end of the rod I3! is provided with a handle I4I for manual operation of the piston. The upper end of the cylinder I26 is closed by a cover plate I42 which is held in place by the screws I43. central sleeve portion I44 which serves as a guide for the piston rod which passes therethrough. Means are provided so that during times that the priming pump is not in use the piston rod may be held in clamped engagement with the suc- 1 5;

tion valve I so that this valve is positively maintained closed and no liquid from the pump I0 may then pass therethrough. To provide this clamping action a portion of the piston rod toward the handle I 4|, and on the exterior side of the 20 suction valve and the sleeve is then threaded onto 30 the piston guide the piston will be held in clamped engagement with the suction valve. To prevent engagement of the sleeve with the threaded portion of the guide during operation of the priming pump piston, a spring is provided on the 3 piston rod which tends to force the sleeve upwardly into a position which prevents its engagement with the guide. The spring, indicated at I 53, is supported at one end upon a washer I54 carried by a cross pin I55 which extends through the rod. The opposite end of the spring bears against the under side of the sleeve and forces it upwardly to a position limited by a second cross pin I56. An air escape opening I58 is provided in the upper end of the priming pump cylinder so that during operation of the pump air compressed thereby may readily escape. Positioning of the engine and pump vertically with respect to one another results in a compact assembly having small lateral dimensions so that the unit occupies but a relatively small amount of floor space when standing on its base, and which may be readily lowered into a pit of quite small diameter. The arrangement of the pump unit is such that it is particularly suited for the use of contractors and in construction work requiring a readily portable unit of high pumping capacity and rugged construction which will continue to operate eificiently even though roughly handled.

While the form of apparatus herein described 60 constitutes a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to this precise form of apparatus, and that changes may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention which is defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A self-contained pumping unit comprising an internal combustion engine, a crank case therefor, said crank case comprising a shaft receiving bearing and having an annular machined surface defining an opening in said crank case axially aligned with and spaced from said bearing, a pump casing having an annular machined surface defining an opening therein, a one piece The plate I42 has a IQ of the 25;

member connecting said engine and pump in rigid spaced relationship, said connecting memher having annular machined surfaces at each end thereof receivable in close fitting relationship within the annular openings of the crank case and pump assembly for alignment of the pump and engine, a shaft receiving bearing positioned in said connecting member adjacent each of said annular surfaces and concentrically related thereto, and a shaft extending from said engine crank case to said pump casing, said shaft being rotatably mounted in said shaft receivin bearings.

2. A self-contained pumping unit comprising an internal combustion engine and a rotary pump, a connecting member joining said engine and pump in vertically spaced relationship on a common axis, and means for supporting the pumping unit in suspension comprising horizontally related parallel members joined to the connecting member and extending perpendicularly therefrom in both directions, end members extending between and joining adjacent ends of the parallel members, said end members being parallel and on opposite sides of the connecting member, and means on the end members giving selective provisions for suspension of the pumping unit on opposite sides of the plane of symmetry.

3. A self-contained pumping unit comprising an internal combustion engine and a rotary pump, a connecting member joining said engine and pump in vertically spaced relationship on a common axis, and means for supporting the pumping unit in suspension comprising horizontally related parallel members joined to the connecting member and extending perpendicularly therefrom in both directions, end members 5 extending between and joining adjacent ends of the parallel members, said end members being parallel and on opposite sides of the connecting member, a ring loosely carried by each of said end members for attachment to lifting means, 10 each end member comprising a series of alternate ridges and grooves, the ridges being of suflicient height to prevent displacement of the ring from a selected groove upon application of a lifting force. 16 4. A self-contained pumping unit comprising an internal combustion engine and a rotary pump,

'a connecting member joining said engine and pump in axially spaced relationship, means comprising horizontally related parallel members 20 extending perpendicularly to the connecting member intermediate the engine and pump for attachment of suspension means, a base structure attached to the connecting member for support of the pumping unit with the engine and 25 pump in vertically spaced relationship, and a wheeled frame detachably connected to the parallel members and to the base for suspension of the pumping unit.

EDWARD o. WELLS.

ALBERT H. KRUER.

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