US20230357049A1 - Method for preparing lithium nickle cobalt manganese oxide by reverse positioning of power battery and use thereof - Google Patents
Method for preparing lithium nickle cobalt manganese oxide by reverse positioning of power battery and use thereof Download PDFInfo
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- US20230357049A1 US20230357049A1 US18/029,651 US202118029651A US2023357049A1 US 20230357049 A1 US20230357049 A1 US 20230357049A1 US 202118029651 A US202118029651 A US 202118029651A US 2023357049 A1 US2023357049 A1 US 2023357049A1
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- cobalt manganese
- nickel cobalt
- powder
- alkali liquor
- manganese alloy
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 3
- XEUFSQHGFWJHAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) manganese(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[Mn++].[Co++] XEUFSQHGFWJHAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Mn].[Co].[Ni] KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910000572 Lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese Oxide (NCM) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010926 waste battery Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 4
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SEVNKUSLDMZOTL-UHFFFAOYSA-H cobalt(2+);manganese(2+);nickel(2+);hexahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2] SEVNKUSLDMZOTL-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/50—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type [MnO2]n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2, Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/52—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type [Mn2O4]2-, e.g. Li2(NixMn2-x)O4, Li2(MyNixMn2-x-y)O4
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/54—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type [Mn2O4]-, e.g. Li(NixMn2-x)O4, Li(MyNixMn2-x-y)O4
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/56—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type [MnO3]2-, e.g. Li2[NixMn1-xO3], Li2[MyNixMn1-x-yO3
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/04—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by aluminium, other metals or silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/005—Separation by a physical processing technique only, e.g. by mechanical breaking
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the technical field of lithium battery recycle, and more particularly, to a method for preparing lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide by reverse positioning of power battery and use thereof.
- the traditional recycling method is disassembling the power battery, taking out the battery cell and successively conducting the processes such as pyrolysis, crushing, sorting, acid dissolution, impurity removal, extraction, reverse extraction, precipitation and the like to recycle and prepare nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide.
- the positive electrode tab is treated by the traditional method, aluminum needs to be treated as a purity.
- the traditional method has a long process, a large assumption of raw and supplemental materials, high energy assumption, and secondary waste water is produced after treatment, and the secondary pollutant treatment has high cost and obvious limitation.
- a reverse positioning refers to a process in which within the boundary of life cycle, after a product is scrapped, it is subjected to a certain treatment, such that it has a same (or better) quality in the same field. Recycling and preparing lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide by the reverse positioning of waste power battery can shorten the treatment flow, reduce the secondary pollution, and reduce energy consumption of the treatment, thus becoming the development trend in the future.
- the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a method for preparing lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide by a reverse positioning of power battery and use thereof.
- the method treats and re-prepares the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide used in battery by the reverse positioning of a waste power battery, realizing the scrapped materials to be connected with the raw and supplemental materials in a short distance, the process flow is short, the consumption of the raw and supplemental materials is less, with a low energy consumption, low treatment cost, and less pollution emission, thus the whole process is environmental friendly.
- a method for preparing lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide comprising the following steps:
- a cathode material of the positive electrode tab is lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, wherein the molar ratio of nickel, cobalt and manganese is x:y:1-x-y, in which 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, y>0, x+y ⁇ 1.
- the slagging agent includes one or more of calcium oxide, silicon dioxide or calcium fluoride, the weight ratio of the positive electrode tab and the slagging agent is (15-20):1. More preferably, the slagging agent is a combination of calcium oxide and calcium fluoride, wherein the adding quantity of calcium fluoride needs not to be too much, because the electrode tab may contain an electrolyte after disassembly of the battery, the electrolyte may decompose in air, lithium fluoride is produced after decomposition of the electrolyte, lithium fluoride reacts with calcium oxide in a high temperature to obtain calcium oxide, which makes full use of the characteristics of the waste battery.
- the positive electrode tab is ground to a particle size of 1-20 mm.
- the temperature of drying is 100° C.-180° C.
- the weight ratio of a mixed material of the positive electrode tab with the ground slagging agent and an aluminum powder is (2-5):1.
- a specific step of self-propagating reaction is putting the material into a self-propagating reactor, and in an inert atmosphere, igniting the magnesium powder to initiate the self-propagating reaction, the inert atmosphere is nitrogen, helium or argon.
- the particle size of the rough nickel cobalt manganese alloy after grinding is 1-10 ⁇ m.
- the solid-to-liquid ratio of the ground material of the rough nickel cobalt manganese alloy and the alkali liquor is 1:(2-5) kg/L, the concentration of the alkali liquor is 0.5-3 mol/L.
- the immersion adopts an ultrasonic immersion
- the power density of the ultrasonic wave is 0.5-5 W/cm 2
- the time for immersion is 1-5 hours.
- the alkali liquor is at least one of sodium hydroxide solution or potassium hydroxide solution.
- the solid-to-liquid ratio of the porous nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder and a lithium salt solution is 1:(2-5) kg/L, the concentration of the lithium salt solution is 1-3 mol/L.
- the step of mixing and dripping the alkali liquor is: mixing rapidly at a rotary speed of 1000-5000 r/min for 20-60 minutes, and reducing the rotary speed to 100-500 r/min, dripping an alkali liquor of 0.2-3 mol/L while stirring it.
- the time for aging is 5-10 hours.
- the molar ratio of hydroxyl in the alkali liquor and lithium-ion in the lithium salt solution is about 1:1
- the molar ratio of lithium-ion in the lithium salt solution and combined amount of nickel, cobalt and manganese content in the porous nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder is (1.1-1.3):1.
- the technical parameter of the sintering is: under an oxygen atmosphere, heating up to 1200-1400° C. at 1-5° C./min and keeping constant temperature for 2-10 minutes, and then naturally cooling down to 700-1000° C. for sintering for 5-30 hours.
- the present disclosure also provides use of the above-mentioned method in preparation of lithium-ion battery.
- the present disclosure is to react lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide with a metal aluminum by the self-propagating reaction, the reverse positioning uses an aluminum foil on the positive electrode tab of the waste battery as the raw material of treatment process, the treatment idea of the traditional treatment method that uses aluminum as the impurity is changed, the characteristics of self components of the waste battery is fully used to treat, reducing the consumption of the raw material.
- an excessive metal aluminum is added properly, such that the alloy obtained is a nickel cobalt manganese alloy containing a certain amount of metal aluminum, the metal aluminum is dissolved in the alkaline washing process, to form a porous nickel cobalt manganese alloy.
- the aged lithium hydroxide permeates into the nickel cobalt manganese alloy, and fully fills the gaps in the porous nickel cobalt manganese alloy.
- the excessive lithium hydroxide that does not enter into the alloy mixes with the alloy outside the alloy, so that the lithium source is fully and evenly distributed from inside to outside of the material in the step of sintering.
- porous precursor powder is beneficial to reserve a buffering space inside the material after sintering, relieve a material stress, and conducive for the battery material to reserve a space for expansion and contraction of the material in the process of charging and discharging cycle, so as to improve the cycle performance of the material.
- This disclosure treats and re-prepares lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide uses in battery by reverse positioning of a waste power battery, thus realizing a short distance connection of waste material with raw and supplemental material, it has a short process, less consumption of the raw and supplemental materials, low energy consumption, low treatment cost, less pollution emission, thus the whole process is environmental friendly.
- FIG. 1 is a SEM chart of the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide cathode material used in battery prepared by the Embodiment 1;
- FIG. 2 is a cycle life chart of Embodiment 1 and a comparative example.
- a method for preparing lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide by reverse positioning of a power battery comprising the following specific steps:
- FIG. 1 is a SEM chart of the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide cathode material used in battery prepared by Embodiment 1, it can be seen from the chart, the prepared lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide has a good sphericity and particle size distribution, the material particle is intact without obvious defect on the surface.
- a method for preparing lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide by reverse positioning of power battery comprising the following specific steps:
- a method for preparing lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide by reverse positioning of power battery comprising the following specific steps:
- a waste battery were taken and subjected to disassembly, pyrolysis, crushing, sorting, to obtain an electrode material powder, the electrode material powder was dissolved in hydrochloric acid, an alkali liquor was added and adjusting pH to 9-10, filtered, a filtering liquid was taken, an alkali liquor was added and adjusting pH>13, filtered, a filter residue was taken, lithium hydroxide was added and mixed in a molar ratio of metal content of 1:1, the temperature was kept constant at 850° C. for 20 hours, to obtain lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide.
- the specific capacity and the cycle performance in initial discharge of the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide cathode material recycled by the present disclosure are both higher than those of the traditional wet method, which is due to that the porous precursor powder adopted in the present method is beneficial to reserve a buffer space inside the material after sintering, to relieve the material stress, and conducive for battery material to give a space for expansion and contraction of the material in the process of charge-discharge cycle, so as to improve the cycle performance of material.
Abstract
Description
- The present disclosure relates to the technical field of lithium battery recycle, and more particularly, to a method for preparing lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide by reverse positioning of power battery and use thereof.
- According to the date from Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China, the production and sales of new energy vehicles was respectively 1.242 million and 1.206 million in 2019, in which the production and sales of battery electric vehicles was respectively 1.02 million and 972 thousand. Driven by the new energy vehicles industry, the power battery industry has been developed rapidly.
- Extensive promotion of new energy vehicle drives extensive use of power battery, generally the life span of power battery is 5-8 years, after a certain period of use, the battery performance attenuates, which does not meet the customer's use demand, and the power battery needs to be recycled and disassembled. The traditional recycling method is disassembling the power battery, taking out the battery cell and successively conducting the processes such as pyrolysis, crushing, sorting, acid dissolution, impurity removal, extraction, reverse extraction, precipitation and the like to recycle and prepare nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide. When the positive electrode tab is treated by the traditional method, aluminum needs to be treated as a purity. The traditional method has a long process, a large assumption of raw and supplemental materials, high energy assumption, and secondary waste water is produced after treatment, and the secondary pollutant treatment has high cost and obvious limitation.
- A reverse positioning refers to a process in which within the boundary of life cycle, after a product is scrapped, it is subjected to a certain treatment, such that it has a same (or better) quality in the same field. Recycling and preparing lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide by the reverse positioning of waste power battery can shorten the treatment flow, reduce the secondary pollution, and reduce energy consumption of the treatment, thus becoming the development trend in the future.
- The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a method for preparing lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide by a reverse positioning of power battery and use thereof. The method treats and re-prepares the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide used in battery by the reverse positioning of a waste power battery, realizing the scrapped materials to be connected with the raw and supplemental materials in a short distance, the process flow is short, the consumption of the raw and supplemental materials is less, with a low energy consumption, low treatment cost, and less pollution emission, thus the whole process is environmental friendly.
- In order to achieve the above objective, the present disclosure adopts the following technical solution:
- A method for preparing lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, comprising the following steps:
-
- (1) disassembling and separating the waste battery, to obtain a positive electrode tab, a negative electrode tab and a diaphragm;
- (2) mixing and grinding the positive electrode tab and a slag forming agent, then drying, cooling, adding an aluminum powder and mixing well;
- (3) conducting a self-propagating reaction to the mixed materials at step (2), cooling, and taking out a rough nickel cobalt manganese alloy in the lower layer;
- (4) grinding the rough nickel cobalt manganese alloy, adding an alkali liquor, and immersion, filtering, taking out a filter residue for washing and then drying, to obtain a nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder;
- (5) adding a lithium salt solution to the porous nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder, mixing and dripping the alkali liquor, aging, filtering, taking out a filter residue for washing and drying, to obtain a mixed powder of precursor; and
- (6) sintering the mixed powder of precursor and cooling, to obtain a lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide.
- A cathode material of the positive electrode tab is lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, wherein the molar ratio of nickel, cobalt and manganese is x:y:1-x-y, in which 0<x<1, y>0, x+y≤1.
- Preferably, at step (2), the slagging agent includes one or more of calcium oxide, silicon dioxide or calcium fluoride, the weight ratio of the positive electrode tab and the slagging agent is (15-20):1. More preferably, the slagging agent is a combination of calcium oxide and calcium fluoride, wherein the adding quantity of calcium fluoride needs not to be too much, because the electrode tab may contain an electrolyte after disassembly of the battery, the electrolyte may decompose in air, lithium fluoride is produced after decomposition of the electrolyte, lithium fluoride reacts with calcium oxide in a high temperature to obtain calcium oxide, which makes full use of the characteristics of the waste battery.
- Preferably, at step (2), the positive electrode tab is ground to a particle size of 1-20 mm.
- Preferably, at step (2), the temperature of drying is 100° C.-180° C.
- Preferably, at step (2), the weight ratio of a mixed material of the positive electrode tab with the ground slagging agent and an aluminum powder is (2-5):1.
- Preferably, at step (3), a specific step of self-propagating reaction is putting the material into a self-propagating reactor, and in an inert atmosphere, igniting the magnesium powder to initiate the self-propagating reaction, the inert atmosphere is nitrogen, helium or argon.
- Preferably, at step (4), the particle size of the rough nickel cobalt manganese alloy after grinding is 1-10 μm.
- Preferably, at step (4), the solid-to-liquid ratio of the ground material of the rough nickel cobalt manganese alloy and the alkali liquor is 1:(2-5) kg/L, the concentration of the alkali liquor is 0.5-3 mol/L.
- Preferably, at step (4), the immersion adopts an ultrasonic immersion, the power density of the ultrasonic wave is 0.5-5 W/cm2, the time for immersion is 1-5 hours.
- Preferably, at step (4), the alkali liquor is at least one of sodium hydroxide solution or potassium hydroxide solution.
- Preferably, at step (5), the solid-to-liquid ratio of the porous nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder and a lithium salt solution is 1:(2-5) kg/L, the concentration of the lithium salt solution is 1-3 mol/L.
- Preferably, at step (5), the step of mixing and dripping the alkali liquor is: mixing rapidly at a rotary speed of 1000-5000 r/min for 20-60 minutes, and reducing the rotary speed to 100-500 r/min, dripping an alkali liquor of 0.2-3 mol/L while stirring it.
- Preferably, at step (5), the time for aging is 5-10 hours.
- Preferably, at step (5), the molar ratio of hydroxyl in the alkali liquor and lithium-ion in the lithium salt solution is about 1:1, the molar ratio of lithium-ion in the lithium salt solution and combined amount of nickel, cobalt and manganese content in the porous nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder is (1.1-1.3):1.
- Preferably, at step (6), the technical parameter of the sintering is: under an oxygen atmosphere, heating up to 1200-1400° C. at 1-5° C./min and keeping constant temperature for 2-10 minutes, and then naturally cooling down to 700-1000° C. for sintering for 5-30 hours.
- The present disclosure also provides use of the above-mentioned method in preparation of lithium-ion battery.
- The present disclosure has the advantages as follows:
- 1. The present disclosure is to react lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide with a metal aluminum by the self-propagating reaction, the reverse positioning uses an aluminum foil on the positive electrode tab of the waste battery as the raw material of treatment process, the treatment idea of the traditional treatment method that uses aluminum as the impurity is changed, the characteristics of self components of the waste battery is fully used to treat, reducing the consumption of the raw material.
- 2. In the self-propagating reaction, an excessive metal aluminum is added properly, such that the alloy obtained is a nickel cobalt manganese alloy containing a certain amount of metal aluminum, the metal aluminum is dissolved in the alkaline washing process, to form a porous nickel cobalt manganese alloy.
- 3. In a step of lithium salt precipitation, the aged lithium hydroxide permeates into the nickel cobalt manganese alloy, and fully fills the gaps in the porous nickel cobalt manganese alloy. The excessive lithium hydroxide that does not enter into the alloy mixes with the alloy outside the alloy, so that the lithium source is fully and evenly distributed from inside to outside of the material in the step of sintering.
- 4. Using the porous precursor powder is beneficial to reserve a buffering space inside the material after sintering, relieve a material stress, and conducive for the battery material to reserve a space for expansion and contraction of the material in the process of charging and discharging cycle, so as to improve the cycle performance of the material.
- 5. This disclosure treats and re-prepares lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide uses in battery by reverse positioning of a waste power battery, thus realizing a short distance connection of waste material with raw and supplemental material, it has a short process, less consumption of the raw and supplemental materials, low energy consumption, low treatment cost, less pollution emission, thus the whole process is environmental friendly.
- The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become obvious and easy to be understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following accompanying drawings, in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a SEM chart of the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide cathode material used in battery prepared by theEmbodiment 1; and -
FIG. 2 is a cycle life chart ofEmbodiment 1 and a comparative example. - Hereinafter, in order to fully understand the present disclosure, a preferred experimental scheme of the present disclosure will be described in conjunction with the embodiments, so as to further illustrate the characteristics and advantages of the present disclosure. Any variations and changes without departing from the gist of the present disclosure will be understood by those skilled in the art, the protection scope of this present disclosure is determined by the scope of the claims.
- A method for preparing lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide by reverse positioning of a power battery, comprising the following specific steps:
-
- (1) A waste battery is disassembled and separated to obtain battery cell, shell and lug, the battery cell is taken and dissembled, separated, to obtain a positive electrode tab in which the cathode material is lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, negative electrode tab, and diaphragm;
- (2) A positive electrode tab and a slagging agent calcium oxide was mixed in a weight ratio of 15:1, the positive electrode tab was ground to a particle size of 1 mm, dried at 100° C., cooled to room temperature and then a metal aluminum powder was added in a ratio of 2:1, and mixed well;
- (3) The mixed material at step (2) was put into a self-propagating reactor, under a nitrogen atmosphere, a magnesium powder was ignited to initiate the self-propagating reaction, cooled and then an upper layer of alumina-based smelting slag was removed, a lower layer was taken, to obtain a rough nickel cobalt manganese alloy;
- (4) The rough nickel cobalt manganese alloy was ground to a particle size of 1 μm;
- (5) The powder was put into a 0.5 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution in a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:2 kg/L, immersed for 1 hour under ultrasonic vibration with a power density of 0.5 W/cm2, filtered, a filter residue was taken, washed with water and then dried, to obtain a porous nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder;
- (6) A 1 mol/L lithium salt solution was taken, a porous nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder was added in a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:2 kg/L, mixed rapidly at a rotary speed of 1000 r/min and dispersed for 20 minutes, the rotary speed was reduced to 100 r/min, and a 0.2 mol/L alkali liquor was dripped while stirring, aged for 5 h, the molar ratio of hydroxyl in the dripped alkali liquor and lithium ions in the lithium salt was controlled to 1:1, meanwhile the molar ratio of lithium ion and nickel, cobalt and manganese combined amount was controlled to 1.1:1, filtered, the filter residue was taken, washed with water and then dried, to obtain a mixed powder of precursor;
- (7) The mixed powder of precursor was put in an oxygen atmosphere, the temperature was raised to 1200° C. at 1° C./min and the temperature was kept constant for 2 minutes, then the temperature was naturally reduced to 700° C. and sintered for 5 hours, cooled to room temperature, to obtain a lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide cathode material used in battery.
-
FIG. 1 is a SEM chart of the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide cathode material used in battery prepared byEmbodiment 1, it can be seen from the chart, the prepared lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide has a good sphericity and particle size distribution, the material particle is intact without obvious defect on the surface. - A method for preparing lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide by reverse positioning of power battery, comprising the following specific steps:
-
- (1) a waste battery was disassembled and separated, to obtain battery cell, shell, lug, and the battery cell was taken and separated, to obtain a positive electrode tab in which the cathode material was lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, a negative electrode tab, and a diaphragm;
- (2) a positive electrode tab and a slagging agent calcium oxide were mixed at a weight ratio of 17:1, the positive electrode tab was ground to a particle size of 10 mm, dried at 150° C., cooled to room temperature and then a metal aluminum powder was added at the ratio of 3:1, mixed well;
- (3) the material was put in a self-propagating reactor, under a nitrogen atmosphere, a magnesium powder was ignited to initiate a self-propagating reaction, cooled and then a upper layer of alumina-based smelting slag was removed, a lower layer was taken to obtain a rough nickel cobalt manganese alloy;
- (4) the rough prepared nickel cobalt manganese alloy was ground to a particle size of 5 μm.
- (5) the powder was put in a 1 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution at a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:3 kg/L, immersed for 3 h under an ultrasonic vibration with a power density of 2 W/cm2, filtered, a filter residue was taken, washed with water and then dried, to obtain a porous nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder;
- (6) A 2 mol/L lithium salt solution was taken, the porous nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder was added at a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:3 kg/L, mixed rapidly at a rotary speed of 2000 r/min and dispersed for 40 minutes, the rotary speed was reduced to 300 r/min, a 1 mol/L alkali liquor was dripped while stirring, aged for 8 h, hydroxyl in the dripped alkali liquor and lithium ion added in the lithium salt was controlled to a molar ratio of 1:1, meanwhile the molar ratio of lithium ion and nickel, cobalt and manganese combined amount was controlled to 1.2:1, filtered, a filter residue was taken, washed with water then dried, to obtain a mixed powder of precursor;
- (7) the mixed powder of precursor was put in an oxygen atmosphere, the temperature was raised to 1300° C. in 3° C./min and the temperature was kept constant for 5 minutes, then naturally cooled down to 800° C. and sintered for 10 hours, cooled to room temperature, to obtain a lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide cathode material used in battery.
- A method for preparing lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide by reverse positioning of power battery, comprising the following specific steps:
-
- (1) a waste battery was disassembled and separated, to obtain a battery cell, a shell, a battery tab, the battery cell was taken and disassembled, separated and then obtain a positive electrode tab in which the cathode material is lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, a negative electrode tab, and a diaphragm;
- (2) a positive electrode tab and a slagging agent calcium oxide were mixed in a weight ratio of 20:1, the positive electrode tab was ground to a particle size of 20 mm, dried at 180° C., cooled to room temperature and then a metal aluminum powder was added in a weight ratio of 5:1, mixed well;
- (3) the material was put in a self-propagating reactor, under a nitrogen atmosphere, magnesium powder is ignited to initiate a self-propagating reaction, cooled and then an upper layer of alumina-based smelting slag was removed, a lower layer was taken, to obtain a rough nickel cobalt manganese alloy;
- (4) the rough nickel cobalt manganese alloy was ground to a particle size of 10 μm;
- (5) the powder was put into a 3 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution in a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:5 kg/L, immersed for 5 hours under a ultrasonic vibration with a power density of 5 W/cm2, filtered, the filter residue was taken, washed with water and then dried, to obtain a porous nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder;
- (6) a 3 mol/L lithium salt solution was taken, the porous nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder was added in a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:5 kg/L, mixed rapidly at a rotary speed of 5000 r/min and dispersed for 60 minutes, the rotary speed was reduced to 500 r/min, an 3 mol/L alkali liquor was dripped while stirring, aged for 10 hours, the molar ratio of hydroxyl in the dripped alkali liquor and lithium ion added into the lithium salt was controlled to 1:1, meanwhile the molar ratio of lithium ion and nickel, cobalt and manganese combined amount was controlled to 1.3:1, filtered, a filter residue was taken, washed with water and then dried, to obtain a mixed powder of precursor;
- (7) the mixed powder of precursor was put under an oxygen atmosphere, heated to 1400° C. at 5° C./min and the temperature was kept constant for 10 minutes, then naturally cooled down to 1000° C. and sintered for 30 hours, cooled to room temperature, to obtain a lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide cathode material used in battery.
- A waste battery were taken and subjected to disassembly, pyrolysis, crushing, sorting, to obtain an electrode material powder, the electrode material powder was dissolved in hydrochloric acid, an alkali liquor was added and adjusting pH to 9-10, filtered, a filtering liquid was taken, an alkali liquor was added and adjusting pH>13, filtered, a filter residue was taken, lithium hydroxide was added and mixed in a molar ratio of metal content of 1:1, the temperature was kept constant at 850° C. for 20 hours, to obtain lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide.
- Performance Test:
- Using the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide prepared by
above Embodiment 1 and Comparative example as a positive electrode, and using graphite as a negative electrode respectively, a battery was assembled, an initial discharge test and 2500 times of charge-discharge cycle tests were conducted at 1 C rate, the results are as shown in Table 1. -
TABLE 1 Specific capacity (mAh/g) Capacity retention ratio Embodiment 1 210.8 84.3% Comparative 172.3 68.3% example - It can be seen from Table 1, the specific capacity and the cycle performance in initial discharge of the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide cathode material recycled by the present disclosure are both higher than those of the traditional wet method, which is due to that the porous precursor powder adopted in the present method is beneficial to reserve a buffer space inside the material after sintering, to relieve the material stress, and conducive for battery material to give a space for expansion and contraction of the material in the process of charge-discharge cycle, so as to improve the cycle performance of material.
- The method for preparing lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide by reverse positioning of power battery and use thereof provided by the present disclosure is introduced in detail as above, and specific embodiments herein are employed to elaborate the principle and embodiments of the present disclosure, the above description of the embodiments is only intended to help understand the method and core idea thereof of the present disclosure, including the best mode, and also enable any skilled in the art to practice the present disclosure, including making and use of any apparatus or system, and implementing of any combined method. It should be noted that, several improvements and modifications may be made to the present disclosure by those ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present disclosure, these improvements and modifications also fall into the protection scope of the claims of the present disclosure. The patent protection scope of the present disclosure is defined by the claims, and other embodiments that can occur to those skilled in the art may be also included. If these other embodiments have a structural element that is not different from that expressed in the claims in written language, or if they include an equivalent structural element as that expressed in claims in written language without a substantial difference, these other embodiments shall also be included in the scope of claims.
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CN113629254B (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2021-12-14 | 浙江帕瓦新能源股份有限公司 | Preparation method of single crystal high-nickel low-cobalt or cobalt-free cathode material |
CN114231745A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-25 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for recovering valuable metal in lithium battery positive plate |
CN116119741B (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2023-11-21 | 四川大学 | Preparation method of nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary positive electrode material precursor |
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