US20230258114A1 - Heating device - Google Patents
Heating device Download PDFInfo
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- US20230258114A1 US20230258114A1 US18/101,341 US202318101341A US2023258114A1 US 20230258114 A1 US20230258114 A1 US 20230258114A1 US 202318101341 A US202318101341 A US 202318101341A US 2023258114 A1 US2023258114 A1 US 2023258114A1
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- flow
- channel
- heating
- conducting device
- heating apparatus
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2033—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using a fuel burner or introducing fuel into exhaust duct
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
- F01N11/002—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00Â -Â F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUESÂ
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/08—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/14—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel burner
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
- F01N2470/02—Tubes being perforated
- F01N2470/04—Tubes being perforated characterised by shape, disposition or dimensions of apertures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
- F01N2470/08—Gas passages being formed between the walls of an outer shell and an inner chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
- F01N2470/18—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes the axis of inlet or outlet tubes being other than the longitudinal axis of apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/21—Burners specially adapted for a particular use
- F23D2900/21003—Burners specially adapted for a particular use for heating or re-burning air or gas in a duct
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heating apparatus for an exhaust train, said heating apparatus comprising a flow-conducting device for guiding an exhaust gas flow along a flow path; a burner that is arranged outside the flow-conducting device and that is configured to generate heating gases during the combustion of a fuel; and a supply device that is configured to supply the heating gases generated by the burner to the exhaust gas flow, which is guided through the flow-conducting device, via a heating gas inlet that is formed in a wall of the flow-conducting device.
- Such heating apparatus are, for example, used to heat exhaust gas catalytic converters and thereby to increase their efficiency.
- a fast heating of the exhaust gas catalytic converter is in particular important on a cold start of an internal combustion engine.
- the flow-conducting device can be a straight or an angled pipe, a funnel or the like that is integrated into an exhaust train upstream of an exhaust gas catalytic converter.
- a heating apparatus having the features of claim 1 and in particular in that the supply device has a channel that is fastened to an outer side of the flow-conducting device in a manner covering the heating gas inlet and open towards it, wherein the channel extends along a peripheral direction running around the flow path and in so doing engages around the flow-conducting device while forming an interruption.
- the channel therefore only partly engages around the flow-conducting device.
- the channel can be of a clasp-like, a clamp-like, or a claw-like design. This facilitates the production since a channel formed in this way is easier to manufacture and easier to attach to the flow-conducting device than, for example, a channel formed as a closed ring.
- the engaging-around channel is able to distribute the heating gases along the periphery of the flow-conducting device and is thus able to ensure a uniform mixing of the heating gases with the exhaust gases.
- the engaging-around design furthermore enables a particularly stable hold of the channel at the exhaust train.
- the flow-conducting device defines the flow path based on its shape.
- the flow path does not necessarily have to be rectilinear, but can also extend in a curved manner.
- the channel and/or the flow-conducting device is/are preferably sheet metal parts and/or is/are produced from a heat-resistant metal such as steel.
- the channel is preferably completely open towards the flow-conducting device so that it can be used with different heating gas inlets.
- the channel is preferably sealed around the heating gas inlet.
- the channel can be welded to the flow-conducting device along the border of the opening.
- the channel is formed in the manner of a half shell and/or is formed in one piece. This enables a particularly simple design.
- the channel can in particular be a deep-drawn part.
- a deep-drawn component is much easier and less expensive to produce than, for example, a cast part.
- a specific embodiment of the invention provides that the interruption extends over a peripheral region of 1% to 50%, in particular of 5% to 30%, of the total periphery of the flow-conducting device.
- This design has proved to be particularly favorable in practice since, despite the possible production as a half-shell component, the engagement around is relatively far-reaching and a good distribution of the heating gases in the exhaust train is thus possible.
- the channel can have a supply opening that is connected to the burner and that is centrally arranged at the channel with respect to the extent of the channel in the peripheral direction.
- the supply opening can in particular be arranged disposed opposite the interruption. In this respect, the heating gases enter into two arms of the channel of equal length via the supply opening, from which a particularly uniform distribution results.
- the channel can have a supply opening that is connected to the burner and that is arranged at an end region of the channel with respect to the extent of the channel in the peripheral direction.
- This design can, for example, be advantageous for certain applications due to installation space restrictions.
- the supply opening can generally also be arranged such that two arms of the channel of different lengths result.
- the heating gas inlet can comprise a gap extending in the peripheral direction. Due to the gap, the heating gases are relatively widely distributed in the flowing exhaust gas, from which a good mixing of the gas flows results.
- the gap extends at least substantially along the total length of the channel. A particularly uniform heating of the exhaust gases is thereby achieved.
- the supply device has a channel that is fastened to an outer side of the flow-conducting device in a manner covering the heating gas inlet and open towards it, wherein the channel extends along a peripheral direction running around the flow path, and wherein the heating gas inlet comprises a plurality of individual openings spaced apart from one another, as defined by claim 10 .
- the individual openings arranged at a spacing have the advantage that they enable a heating gas supply distributed along the periphery of the flow-conducting device, but reduce the stability of the flow-conducting device only insignificantly. An unwanted delay of the flow-conducting device in the region of the heating gas inlet is in particular avoided.
- the heating gas inlet can comprise a regular hole row that extends in the peripheral direction along the total channel.
- a regular hole row requires only a small manufacturing effort and supports a uniform mixing of the heating gases with the exhaust gases.
- the heating gas inlet can, however, also comprise an irregular hole row in order, for example, to produce very specific inflow characteristics and/or to account for pressure differences in the channel.
- the individual openings can be larger far away from a supply opening connected to the burner than adjacent to the supply opening. In other words, it can be advantageous that the size of the holes increases with the distance from the supply opening. The pressure loss that occurs along the channel can thereby be compensated. This means that, on a suitable dimensioning of the openings, essentially just as much heating gas enters the exhaust gas flow at the end of the channel or opposite the supply opening as at the start of the channel so that the mixing is particularly uniform.
- the elongate holes extend transversely to the flow path or that the elongate holes extend alternately longitudinally and transversely to the flow path.
- the shape, the length and the orientation of the elongate holes can be adapted to a specific application in this respect.
- the elongate holes can have at least two different sizes. For example, large and small elongate holes can be arranged in an alternating manner. This opens up further adaptation possibilities.
- the channel forms a closed ring.
- a distribution of the heating gases along the total periphery of the flow-conducting device is hereby achieved.
- FIG. 1 is a simplified representation of an exhaust train section that is provided with a heating apparatus in accordance with the invention
- FIG. 2 is a perspective part representation of a heating apparatus in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 shows a heating apparatus in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 4 shows a heating apparatus in accordance with a third embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 5 shows a heating apparatus in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the invention.
- the exhaust train section 11 shown in FIG. 1 receives exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine, not shown, and supplies them to an exhaust gas catalytic converter 13 .
- a flow-conducting device 15 arranged upstream of the exhaust gas catalytic converter 13 serves to guide an exhaust gas flow 16 along a flow path 18 that is straight here.
- the flow-conducting device 15 is part of a heating apparatus 17 that serves to heat the exhaust catalytic converter 13 , in particular on a cold start of the internal combustion engine.
- the heating apparatus 17 comprises a burner 19 that, as shown, is arranged outside the flow-conducting device 15 and that generates and discharges heating gases during the operation by a combustion of a fuel.
- a channel 20 receives the heating gases from the burner 19 via a supply line 21 and feeds the heating gases via a heating gas inlet 23 to the exhaust gas flow 16 that is guided through the flow-conducting device 15 . Accordingly, the supply line 21 and the channel 20 form a supply device 26 for burner gases.
- the burner 19 is preferably arranged so close to the exhaust gas catalytic converter 13 that heat losses over the transport path are negligible.
- FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of a heating apparatus 17 in accordance with the invention without a burner and a supply line.
- the channel 20 extends along a peripheral direction 22 running around the flow path 18 and in so doing engages around the flow-conducting device 15 while forming an interruption 30 .
- the channel 20 is substantially completely or continuously open towards the flow-conducting device 15 in the peripheral direction and is fastened, for example welded, to the outer side 35 of the flow-conducting device 15 along a border 33 of the opening.
- the channel 20 is preferably designed as a single-piece half-shell component.
- connection in terms of flow of the burner 19 to the channel 20 takes place via a supply opening 37 that, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , is centrally arranged at the channel 20 with respect to the extent of the channel 20 .
- the channel 20 has two channel arms 38 , 39 of equal length and is shaped like a clasp.
- the flow path 18 is curved. Furthermore, the flow-conducting device 15 is widened in a funnel-like manner, that is, an exhaust gas inlet 40 is smaller than an exhaust gas outlet 41 of the flow-conducting device 15 .
- the embodiment of a heating apparatus 47 in accordance with the invention shown in FIG. 3 is similar in design to the heating apparatus 17 shown in FIG. 2 , wherein the heating gas inlet 53 is, however, not formed as a gap, but as a regular hole row 55 .
- the hole row 55 extends in the peripheral direction 22 along the total channel 20 that is closed in the peripheral direction 22 in the example shown. However, said channel 20 can also have an interruption, if necessary.
- the hole row 55 comprises elongate holes 57 that each extend transversely or obliquely to the flow path 18 .
- FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of a heating apparatus 67 in accordance with the invention that in particular differs from the heating apparatus 17 , 47 of FIGS. 2 and 3 in that the supply opening 37 is located at an end region 69 of the channel 80 . That is, the supply opening 37 is arranged adjacent to the interruption 30 .
- the channel 80 furthermore tapers towards the opposite end region 70 . The pressure loss along the channel 80 can thereby be compensated.
- a receiver 75 for a sensor is located in the interruption 30 .
- the overall length of the flow-conducting device 15 can thereby be kept short in the axial direction.
- a gap 27 is provided as the heating gas inlet 23 in the embodiment of FIG. 4 , as in the embodiment of FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a heating apparatus 77 in accordance with the invention in which the channel 90 does not have an interruption, but is designed as a closed ring.
- a hole row 55 is provided as the heating gas inlet 53 .
- Said hole row 55 comprises elongate holes 57 that here extend alternately longitudinally and transversely to the flow path 18 and that are also alternately of a large and a small design.
- a heating gas inlet is provided with a plurality of columns or a plurality of hole rows is not shown. Furthermore, a heating gas inlet could also be provided that has both at least one gap 27 and at least one hole row 55 .
- the heating gases generated by the burner 19 enter the exhaust gas flow 16 in a manner distributed along the periphery of the flow-conducting device 15 , a fast mixing of the heating gases with the flowing exhaust gases takes place and a uniform heating of the exhaust gas catalytic converter 13 thus takes place.
- Said exhaust gas catalytic converter 13 can thus be operated with a high degree of efficiency in different operating states of the internal combustion engine and is protected against damage by a local overheating. Since no components of the heating apparatus 17 project into the interior of the flow-conducting device, the pressure loss is low.
- the invention enables an improved purification of exhaust gases by simple means.
- channels with or without an interruption can be combined with openings of any desired design to meet the respective present requirements.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
A heating apparatus for an exhaust train comprises a flow-conducting device for guiding an exhaust gas flow along a flow path; a burner that is arranged outside the flow-conducting device and that is configured to generate heating gases during the combustion of a fuel; and a supply device that is configured to supply the heating gases generated by the burner to the exhaust gas flow, which is guided through the flow-conducting device, via a heating gas inlet that is formed in a wall of the flow-conducting device. The supply device has a channel that is fastened to an outer side of the flow-conducting device in a manner covering the heating gas inlet and open towards it, wherein the channel extends along a peripheral direction running around the flow path and in so doing engages around the flow-conducting device while forming an interruption.
Description
- The present invention relates to a heating apparatus for an exhaust train, said heating apparatus comprising a flow-conducting device for guiding an exhaust gas flow along a flow path; a burner that is arranged outside the flow-conducting device and that is configured to generate heating gases during the combustion of a fuel; and a supply device that is configured to supply the heating gases generated by the burner to the exhaust gas flow, which is guided through the flow-conducting device, via a heating gas inlet that is formed in a wall of the flow-conducting device.
- Such heating apparatus are, for example, used to heat exhaust gas catalytic converters and thereby to increase their efficiency. A fast heating of the exhaust gas catalytic converter is in particular important on a cold start of an internal combustion engine. The flow-conducting device can be a straight or an angled pipe, a funnel or the like that is integrated into an exhaust train upstream of an exhaust gas catalytic converter.
- An uneven heating of the catalytic converter is detrimental to an optimum efficiency and can even lead to damage. In practice, it is, however, difficult to achieve a uniform mixing of the heating gases with the exhaust gas flow and a uniform heating of the total catalytic converter surface.
- It is an object of the invention to provide a heating apparatus of the aforementioned kind that enables a particularly uniform heating of an exhaust gas catalytic converter with low pressure losses.
- The object is satisfied, on the one hand, by a heating apparatus having the features of claim 1 and in particular in that the supply device has a channel that is fastened to an outer side of the flow-conducting device in a manner covering the heating gas inlet and open towards it, wherein the channel extends along a peripheral direction running around the flow path and in so doing engages around the flow-conducting device while forming an interruption.
- In a heating apparatus designed in accordance with claim 1, the channel therefore only partly engages around the flow-conducting device. For example, the channel can be of a clasp-like, a clamp-like, or a claw-like design. This facilitates the production since a channel formed in this way is easier to manufacture and easier to attach to the flow-conducting device than, for example, a channel formed as a closed ring. Despite the interruption, the engaging-around channel is able to distribute the heating gases along the periphery of the flow-conducting device and is thus able to ensure a uniform mixing of the heating gases with the exhaust gases. The engaging-around design furthermore enables a particularly stable hold of the channel at the exhaust train.
- The flow-conducting device defines the flow path based on its shape. The flow path does not necessarily have to be rectilinear, but can also extend in a curved manner.
- The channel and/or the flow-conducting device is/are preferably sheet metal parts and/or is/are produced from a heat-resistant metal such as steel.
- The channel is preferably completely open towards the flow-conducting device so that it can be used with different heating gas inlets. The channel is preferably sealed around the heating gas inlet. For example, the channel can be welded to the flow-conducting device along the border of the opening.
- In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, the channel is formed in the manner of a half shell and/or is formed in one piece. This enables a particularly simple design.
- The channel can in particular be a deep-drawn part. A deep-drawn component is much easier and less expensive to produce than, for example, a cast part.
- A specific embodiment of the invention provides that the interruption extends over a peripheral region of 1% to 50%, in particular of 5% to 30%, of the total periphery of the flow-conducting device. This design has proved to be particularly favorable in practice since, despite the possible production as a half-shell component, the engagement around is relatively far-reaching and a good distribution of the heating gases in the exhaust train is thus possible.
- The channel can have a supply opening that is connected to the burner and that is centrally arranged at the channel with respect to the extent of the channel in the peripheral direction. The supply opening can in particular be arranged disposed opposite the interruption. In this respect, the heating gases enter into two arms of the channel of equal length via the supply opening, from which a particularly uniform distribution results.
- Alternatively, the channel can have a supply opening that is connected to the burner and that is arranged at an end region of the channel with respect to the extent of the channel in the peripheral direction. This design can, for example, be advantageous for certain applications due to installation space restrictions. The supply opening can generally also be arranged such that two arms of the channel of different lengths result.
- The heating gas inlet can comprise a gap extending in the peripheral direction. Due to the gap, the heating gases are relatively widely distributed in the flowing exhaust gas, from which a good mixing of the gas flows results.
- In accordance with a specific embodiment of the invention, the gap extends at least substantially along the total length of the channel. A particularly uniform heating of the exhaust gases is thereby achieved.
- The initially described object is thereby also satisfied in that the supply device has a channel that is fastened to an outer side of the flow-conducting device in a manner covering the heating gas inlet and open towards it, wherein the channel extends along a peripheral direction running around the flow path, and wherein the heating gas inlet comprises a plurality of individual openings spaced apart from one another, as defined by claim 10.
- The individual openings arranged at a spacing have the advantage that they enable a heating gas supply distributed along the periphery of the flow-conducting device, but reduce the stability of the flow-conducting device only insignificantly. An unwanted delay of the flow-conducting device in the region of the heating gas inlet is in particular avoided.
- The heating gas inlet can comprise a regular hole row that extends in the peripheral direction along the total channel. A regular hole row requires only a small manufacturing effort and supports a uniform mixing of the heating gases with the exhaust gases. In principle, the heating gas inlet can, however, also comprise an irregular hole row in order, for example, to produce very specific inflow characteristics and/or to account for pressure differences in the channel. For example, the individual openings can be larger far away from a supply opening connected to the burner than adjacent to the supply opening. In other words, it can be advantageous that the size of the holes increases with the distance from the supply opening. The pressure loss that occurs along the channel can thereby be compensated. This means that, on a suitable dimensioning of the openings, essentially just as much heating gas enters the exhaust gas flow at the end of the channel or opposite the supply opening as at the start of the channel so that the mixing is particularly uniform.
- Provision can be made that at least one individual opening is designed as an elongate hole or that all the individual openings are designed as elongate holes. Tests have shown that a uniform mixing of the heating gases with the exhaust gases is hereby promoted further.
- Provision can be made that the elongate holes extend transversely to the flow path or that the elongate holes extend alternately longitudinally and transversely to the flow path. The shape, the length and the orientation of the elongate holes can be adapted to a specific application in this respect.
- The elongate holes can have at least two different sizes. For example, large and small elongate holes can be arranged in an alternating manner. This opens up further adaptation possibilities.
- In accordance with a further embodiment of the invention, the channel forms a closed ring. A distribution of the heating gases along the total periphery of the flow-conducting device is hereby achieved.
- Further developments of the invention can also be seen from the dependent claims, from the description, and from the enclosed drawings.
- The invention will be described in the following by way of example with reference to the drawings.
-
FIG. 1 is a simplified representation of an exhaust train section that is provided with a heating apparatus in accordance with the invention; -
FIG. 2 is a perspective part representation of a heating apparatus in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 3 shows a heating apparatus in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 4 shows a heating apparatus in accordance with a third embodiment of the invention; and -
FIG. 5 shows a heating apparatus in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the invention. - The
exhaust train section 11 shown inFIG. 1 receives exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine, not shown, and supplies them to an exhaust gascatalytic converter 13. A flow-conductingdevice 15 arranged upstream of the exhaust gascatalytic converter 13 serves to guide anexhaust gas flow 16 along aflow path 18 that is straight here. The flow-conductingdevice 15 is part of aheating apparatus 17 that serves to heat the exhaustcatalytic converter 13, in particular on a cold start of the internal combustion engine. - The
heating apparatus 17 comprises aburner 19 that, as shown, is arranged outside the flow-conductingdevice 15 and that generates and discharges heating gases during the operation by a combustion of a fuel. Achannel 20 receives the heating gases from theburner 19 via asupply line 21 and feeds the heating gases via aheating gas inlet 23 to theexhaust gas flow 16 that is guided through the flow-conductingdevice 15. Accordingly, thesupply line 21 and thechannel 20 form asupply device 26 for burner gases. Theburner 19 is preferably arranged so close to the exhaust gascatalytic converter 13 that heat losses over the transport path are negligible. -
FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of aheating apparatus 17 in accordance with the invention without a burner and a supply line. As shown, thechannel 20 extends along aperipheral direction 22 running around theflow path 18 and in so doing engages around the flow-conductingdevice 15 while forming aninterruption 30. Thechannel 20 is substantially completely or continuously open towards the flow-conductingdevice 15 in the peripheral direction and is fastened, for example welded, to theouter side 35 of the flow-conductingdevice 15 along aborder 33 of the opening. Thechannel 20 is preferably designed as a single-piece half-shell component. - In the embodiment shown in
FIG. 2 , theheating gas inlet 23 is formed by agap 27 formed in thewall 25 of the flow-conductingdevice 15. Thegap 27 extends at least substantially along the total peripheral length of thechannel 20. For stability reasons, thegap 27 is interrupted by a plurality ofwebs 28, of which only one is visible inFIG. 2 . However, thesewebs 28 do not impede the inflow of the heating gas over the peripheral region, which is covered by thechannel 20, in a relevant manner. The provision ofwebs 28 is not absolutely necessary. - The connection in terms of flow of the
burner 19 to thechannel 20 takes place via asupply opening 37 that, in the embodiment shown inFIG. 2 , is centrally arranged at thechannel 20 with respect to the extent of thechannel 20. This means that, starting from thesupply opening 37, thechannel 20 has twochannel arms - In the embodiment of
FIG. 2 , theflow path 18 is curved. Furthermore, the flow-conductingdevice 15 is widened in a funnel-like manner, that is, anexhaust gas inlet 40 is smaller than anexhaust gas outlet 41 of the flow-conductingdevice 15. - The embodiment of a
heating apparatus 47 in accordance with the invention shown inFIG. 3 is similar in design to theheating apparatus 17 shown inFIG. 2 , wherein theheating gas inlet 53 is, however, not formed as a gap, but as aregular hole row 55. As shown, thehole row 55 extends in theperipheral direction 22 along thetotal channel 20 that is closed in theperipheral direction 22 in the example shown. However, saidchannel 20 can also have an interruption, if necessary. In the embodiment ofFIG. 3 , thehole row 55 compriseselongate holes 57 that each extend transversely or obliquely to theflow path 18. -
FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of aheating apparatus 67 in accordance with the invention that in particular differs from theheating apparatus FIGS. 2 and 3 in that thesupply opening 37 is located at anend region 69 of thechannel 80. That is, thesupply opening 37 is arranged adjacent to theinterruption 30. Thechannel 80 furthermore tapers towards theopposite end region 70. The pressure loss along thechannel 80 can thereby be compensated. - In the embodiment shown in
FIG. 4 , areceiver 75 for a sensor is located in theinterruption 30. The overall length of the flow-conductingdevice 15 can thereby be kept short in the axial direction. Agap 27 is provided as theheating gas inlet 23 in the embodiment ofFIG. 4 , as in the embodiment ofFIG. 2 . -
FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of aheating apparatus 77 in accordance with the invention in which thechannel 90 does not have an interruption, but is designed as a closed ring. As in the embodiment ofFIG. 3 , ahole row 55 is provided as theheating gas inlet 53. Saidhole row 55 compriseselongate holes 57 that here extend alternately longitudinally and transversely to theflow path 18 and that are also alternately of a large and a small design. - An embodiment in which a heating gas inlet is provided with a plurality of columns or a plurality of hole rows is not shown. Furthermore, a heating gas inlet could also be provided that has both at least one
gap 27 and at least onehole row 55. - Since the heating gases generated by the
burner 19 enter theexhaust gas flow 16 in a manner distributed along the periphery of the flow-conductingdevice 15, a fast mixing of the heating gases with the flowing exhaust gases takes place and a uniform heating of the exhaust gascatalytic converter 13 thus takes place. Said exhaust gascatalytic converter 13 can thus be operated with a high degree of efficiency in different operating states of the internal combustion engine and is protected against damage by a local overheating. Since no components of theheating apparatus 17 project into the interior of the flow-conducting device, the pressure loss is low. Thus, the invention enables an improved purification of exhaust gases by simple means. - In general, channels with or without an interruption can be combined with openings of any desired design to meet the respective present requirements.
-
-
- 11 exhaust train section
- 13 exhaust gas catalytic converter
- 15 flow-conducting device
- 16 exhaust gas flow
- 17 heating apparatus
- 18 flow path
- 19 burner
- 20 channel
- 21 supply line
- 22 peripheral direction
- 23 heating gas inlet
- 25 wall
- 26 supply device
- 27 gap
- 30 interruption
- 33 border
- 35 outer side
- 37 supply opening
- 38 channel arm
- 39 channel arm
- 40 exhaust gas inlet
- 41 exhaust gas outlet
- 47 heating apparatus
- 53 heating gas inlet
- 55 hole row
- 57 elongate hole
- 67 heating apparatus
- 69 end region
- 70 end region
- 75 receiver
- 77 heating apparatus
- 80 channel
- 90 channel
Claims (18)
1-14. (canceled)
15. A heating apparatus for an exhaust train, said heating apparatus comprising a flow-conducting device for guiding an exhaust gas flow along a flow path; a burner that is arranged outside the flow-conducting device and that is configured to generate heating gases during the combustion of a fuel; and a supply device that is configured to supply the heating gases generated by the burner to the exhaust gas flow, which is guided through the flow-conducting device, via a heating gas inlet that is formed in a wall of the flow-conducting device,
wherein the supply device has a channel that is fastened to an outer side of the flow-conducting device in a manner covering the heating gas inlet and open towards it, wherein the channel extends along a peripheral direction running around the flow path and in so doing engages around the flow-conducting device while forming an interruption.
16. The heating apparatus in accordance with claim 15 ,
wherein the channel is completely open towards the flow-conducting device.
17. The heating apparatus in accordance with claim 15 ,
wherein the channel is formed in the manner of a half shell and/or is formed in one piece.
18. The heating apparatus in accordance with claim 15 ,
wherein the interruption extends over a peripheral region of 1% to 50% of the total periphery of the flow-conducting device.
19. The heating apparatus in accordance with claim 18 ,
wherein the interruption extends over a peripheral region of 5% to 30% of the total periphery of the flow-conducting device.
20. The heating apparatus in accordance with claim 15 ,
wherein the channel has a supply opening that is connected to the burner and that is centrally arranged at the channel with respect to the extent of the channel in the peripheral direction.
21. The heating apparatus in accordance with claim 15 ,
wherein the channel has a supply opening that is connected to the burner and that is arranged at an end region of the channel with respect to the extent of the channel in the peripheral direction.
22. The heating apparatus in accordance with claim 15 ,
wherein the heating gas inlet comprises a gap extending in the peripheral direction.
23. The heating apparatus in accordance with claim 22 ,
wherein the gap extends at least substantially along the total length of the channel.
24. A heating apparatus for an exhaust train, comprising a flow-conducting device for guiding an exhaust gas flow along a flow path; a burner that is arranged outside the flow-conducting device and that is configured to generate heating gases during the combustion of a fuel; and a supply device that is configured to supply the heating gases generated by the burner to the exhaust gas flow, which is guided through the flow-conducting device, via a heating gas inlet that is formed in a wall of the flow-conducting device,
wherein the supply device has a channel that is fastened to an outer side of the flow-conducting device in a manner covering the heating gas inlet and open towards it, wherein the channel extends along a peripheral direction running around the flow path, and wherein the heating gas inlet comprises a plurality of individual openings spaced apart from one another.
25. The heating apparatus in accordance with claim 24 , wherein the channel extends along a peripheral direction running around the flow path and in so doing engages around the flow-conducting device while forming an interruption.
26. The heating apparatus in accordance with claim 24 ,
wherein the heating gas inlet comprises a regular hole row that extends in the peripheral direction along the total channel.
27. The heating apparatus in accordance with claim 24 ,
wherein at least one individual opening is designed as an elongate hole or all the individual openings are designed as elongate holes.
28. The heating apparatus in accordance with claim 27 ,
wherein the elongate holes extend transversely to the flow path.
29. The heating apparatus in accordance with claim 27 ,
wherein the elongate holes extend alternately longitudinally and transversely to the flow path.
30. The heating apparatus in accordance with claim 27 ,
wherein the elongate holes have at least two different sizes.
31. The heating apparatus in accordance with claim 24 ,
wherein the channel forms a closed ring.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102022102037.1A DE102022102037A1 (en) | 2022-01-28 | 2022-01-28 | HEATER |
DE102022102037.1 | 2022-01-28 |
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US20230258114A1 true US20230258114A1 (en) | 2023-08-17 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US18/101,341 Pending US20230258114A1 (en) | 2022-01-28 | 2023-01-25 | Heating device |
Country Status (3)
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US (1) | US20230258114A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN116517667A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102022102037A1 (en) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102016119306A1 (en) | 2016-10-11 | 2018-04-12 | Witzenmann Gmbh | Device for mixing fluid streams |
DE102020200105A1 (en) | 2020-01-08 | 2021-07-08 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Exhaust line section with burner and motor vehicle with such an exhaust line section |
-
2022
- 2022-01-28 DE DE102022102037.1A patent/DE102022102037A1/en active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-01-20 CN CN202310091727.4A patent/CN116517667A/en active Pending
- 2023-01-25 US US18/101,341 patent/US20230258114A1/en active Pending
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CN116517667A (en) | 2023-08-01 |
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