US20230243209A1 - Liquid containment door with continuous gasket - Google Patents
Liquid containment door with continuous gasket Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20230243209A1 US20230243209A1 US18/298,170 US202318298170A US2023243209A1 US 20230243209 A1 US20230243209 A1 US 20230243209A1 US 202318298170 A US202318298170 A US 202318298170A US 2023243209 A1 US2023243209 A1 US 2023243209A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- door
- panel
- frame
- gasket
- hinge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 51
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 23
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013023 gasketing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009957 hemming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
- E06B7/16—Sealing arrangements on wings or parts co-operating with the wings
- E06B7/22—Sealing arrangements on wings or parts co-operating with the wings by means of elastic edgings, e.g. elastic rubber tubes; by means of resilient edgings, e.g. felt or plush strips, resilient metal strips
- E06B7/23—Plastic, sponge rubber, or like strips or tubes
- E06B7/2301—Plastic, sponge rubber, or like strips or tubes without an integrally formed part for fixing the edging
- E06B7/2303—Plastic, sponge rubber, or like strips or tubes without an integrally formed part for fixing the edging hollow
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
- E06B7/16—Sealing arrangements on wings or parts co-operating with the wings
- E06B7/22—Sealing arrangements on wings or parts co-operating with the wings by means of elastic edgings, e.g. elastic rubber tubes; by means of resilient edgings, e.g. felt or plush strips, resilient metal strips
- E06B7/23—Plastic, sponge rubber, or like strips or tubes
- E06B7/2316—Plastic, sponge rubber, or like strips or tubes used as a seal between the floor and the wing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
- E06B7/16—Sealing arrangements on wings or parts co-operating with the wings
- E06B7/22—Sealing arrangements on wings or parts co-operating with the wings by means of elastic edgings, e.g. elastic rubber tubes; by means of resilient edgings, e.g. felt or plush strips, resilient metal strips
- E06B7/23—Plastic, sponge rubber, or like strips or tubes
- E06B7/2318—Plastic, sponge rubber, or like strips or tubes by applying over- or under-pressure, e.g. inflatable
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B1/00—Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
- E06B1/04—Frames for doors, windows, or the like to be fixed in openings
- E06B1/52—Frames specially adapted for doors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B1/00—Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
- E06B1/56—Fastening frames to the border of openings or to similar contiguous frames
- E06B1/60—Fastening frames to the border of openings or to similar contiguous frames by mechanical means, e.g. anchoring means
- E06B1/6015—Anchoring means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B1/00—Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
- E06B1/70—Sills; Thresholds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/70—Door leaves
- E06B2003/7046—Door leaves with provisions for locks, hinges or other fittings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
- E06B2009/005—Storm panels; hurricane shutters
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
- E06B2009/007—Flood panels
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/32—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing
- E06B3/34—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing with only one kind of movement
- E06B3/36—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing with only one kind of movement with a single vertical axis of rotation at one side of the opening, or swinging through the opening
- E06B3/362—Double winged doors or windows
- E06B3/365—Astragals for double doors
Definitions
- the disclosure relates to liquid-tight door systems.
- doors are generally used to separate one environment from another. While this may be as simple as separating one room in a building from another, this may also include separating an interior environment from an external environment that is subject to natural elements, or separating an environment that is to be protected from an environment that includes a liquid that could be detrimental if introduced into the environment that is to be protected. These doors can typically be in either a closed position, where the separation is intended to be in place by the presence of the door blocking passage from one environment to the other, or an open position, where passage is permitted through the area outlined by the frame of the door.
- While doors in a closed position generally do an adequate job of preventing large, solid objects from passing from an environment on one side of the door panel to an environment on the other side of the door panel, the mechanics of a door opening and closing create issues with the prevention of liquid from passing through the open crevices of the door system, even when the door is in the closed position.
- the presence of hinges on the door and the need for the door panels to swing open and closed typically prevent formation of a liquid-tight seal, as the hinges space the door panels away from the frame, and a door must be spaced away from the floor such that the door does not scrape the floor as it moves between open and closed positions.
- liquid containment barrier or a liquid containment door (hereinafter referred to collectively as a “liquid containment door”).
- a liquid containment barrier/door is designed in such a way that a continuous gasket system is installed onto the door panel to make a continuous length of gasket to create a liquid-tight seal between the door panel and threshold, and between the door panel and frame, up to the designed water protection level.
- the continuous gasket system may be a single gasket piece or multiple gasket pieces connected to one another.
- the liquid containment door may also be implemented into a door system with a low threshold.
- the low threshold has the benefit of allowing traffic through the doorway, such as foot traffic, carts, vehicles, or wheelchairs with little impedance. Low thresholds are generally preferred and often required by regulations, such as the Americans with Disabilities Act (“ADA”), which detail specific dimensional requirements of the threshold size and shape.
- ADA Americans with Disabilities Act
- the continuous length of gasket attached to the door panel allows the door panel to create a liquid-tight seal to the perimeter door frame (two vertical jambs and header) and across the bottom of the door where the gasket makes a seal to a low profile threshold (e.g., an ADA-compliant threshold).
- a low profile threshold e.g., an ADA-compliant threshold.
- An additional benefit of the continuous gasket being attached to the door panel and not attached to the threshold is that the gasket is not exposed to damage by traffic through the doorway.
- the liquid containment door can function as a normal use pedestrian door. Examples of pedestrian doors include walk doors, personnel doors, passage doors, entry doors, entrance doors, accessible entrance or passage doors, handicap accessible doors, and exit doors.
- the liquid containment door can perform as a flood barrier or a spill containment system or can perform any other similar function when in the closed and latched position.
- the liquid containment door may be implemented into any other type of door system, such as a vertically hinged door system, a sliding door system, a double door system, a French door system, an automatic door system, a rotating door system, or any other door system that may move between open and closed positions.
- the disclosure is directed to a pedestrian door system that includes a door frame comprising a frame strike side, a frame hinge side, and a frame sealing surface that extends at least partially up each of the frame strike side and the frame hinge side.
- the pedestrian door system further includes a threshold configured to extend between the frame strike side and the frame hinge side, the threshold including a base configured to be secured to a floor surface and a threshold sealing surface, wherein the threshold has an overall height of no greater than 20 millimeters.
- the pedestrian door system also includes a door panel comprising a panel bottom side, a panel strike side, a panel hinge side, and a continuous gasket extending continuously along the panel bottom side and at least partially up each of the panel strike side and the panel hinge side.
- the pedestrian door system further includes a door hinge configured to hingedly couple the panel hinge side of the door panel to the frame hinge side of the door frame and to facilitate hinged movement of the door panel relative to the door frame between an open position and a closed position in which the continuous gasket of the door panel seals against the frame sealing surface of the door frame and against the threshold sealing surface of the threshold in a liquid-tight manner.
- the disclosure is directed to a door system that includes a door frame comprising a frame first side, a frame second side, and a frame sealing surface that extends at least partially up each of the frame first side and the frame second side.
- the door system further includes a threshold configured to extend between the frame first side and the frame second side, the threshold including a base configured to be secured to a surface and a threshold sealing surface.
- the door system also includes a door panel comprising a panel bottom side, a panel first side, a panel second side, and a panel sealing surface that extends along the panel bottom side and at least partially up each of the panel first side and the panel second side.
- the door system further includes a gasket that comprises a bulb-type gasket with holes defined in a wet side wall of the gasket, the holes being configured to receive liquid and/or air into an interior space within the bulb-type gasket.
- the door panel is movable relative to the door frame between an open position and a closed position in which the gasket is positioned between the panel sealing surface of the door panel and the frame sealing surface of the door frame and between the panel sealing surface of the door panel and the threshold sealing surface of the threshold to create a liquid-tight seal.
- the disclosure is directed to a door system that includes a door frame comprising a frame strike side, a frame hinge side, and a frame sealing surface that extends at least partially up each of the frame strike side and the frame hinge side.
- the door system further includes a threshold configured to extend between the frame strike side and the frame hinge side, the threshold including a base configured to be secured to a floor surface and a threshold sealing surface, wherein the threshold has an overall height of no greater than 20 millimeters.
- the door system also includes a door panel comprising a panel bottom side, a panel strike side, a panel hinge side, and a continuous gasket extending continuously along the panel bottom side and at least partially up each of the panel strike side and the panel hinge side.
- the door system further includes a door hinge configured to hingedly couple the panel hinge side of the door panel to the frame hinge side of the door frame and to facilitate hinged movement of the door panel relative to the door frame between an open position and a closed position in which the continuous gasket of the door panel seals against the frame sealing surface of the door frame and against the threshold sealing surface of the threshold in a liquid-tight manner.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a door frame configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- FIG. 2 A is a perspective view of various frame surfaces configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- FIG. 2 B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a door panel and door frame as configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- FIG. 2 C is a schematic cross-sectional view of a door panel and door frame as configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- FIG. 3 is a wet-side view of a door panel as configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- FIG. 4 is a view of a door panel and a door frame configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- FIG. 5 is a dry-side view of a continuous gasket, a door panel, and a door frame configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a continuous gasket attached to a door panel and configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a door system that includes a door panel, a continuous gasket, and a threshold, each configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- FIGS. 8 A- 8 B are section views of a door system that includes a door panel, a continuous gasket, and a threshold, each configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- FIGS. 9 A- 9 C are top section views of a door system that includes a hinge, a door panel, a continuous gasket, and a threshold, each configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a hinge of a door system configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a door system that includes two door panels, a center post, and a door frame, each configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- the disclosure describes a liquid containment barrier or a liquid containment door (hereinafter referred to collectively as a “liquid containment door”).
- a liquid containment door is designed in such a way that a continuous gasket system is installed onto the door panel to make a continuous length of gasket to create a liquid-tight seal between the door panel and threshold, and between the door panel and frame, up to the designed water protection level.
- the continuous gasket system may be a single gasket piece or multiple gasket pieces connected to one another.
- This disclosure may also refer to the application of the continuous gasket to a typical pedestrian or walk door, but examples of this disclosure can be applied to any type of door that hinges along its vertical side. Further, the continuous gasket described herein can be applied to any number of doors, including personnel doors, passage doors, entry doors, entrance doors, accessible entrance or passage doors, handicap-accessible doors, pedestrian doors, exit doors, or any other type of door that includes a threshold and frame as described herein. In some instances, door systems disclosed herein may not be for a pedestrian use, but for use with larger doors, such as stadium entries or entries to large commercial buildings.
- door frame 100 may include frame strike side 102 and frame hinge side 104 , which may be equivalent to frame strike side 402 and frame hinge side 404 , respectively, which frame door panel 418 , which may be equivalent to door panel 818 .
- FIGS. 1 - 11 may be interpreted in a standalone fashion, as there may be differences in some of the structures between FIGS. 1 - 11 (e.g., FIG. 4 depicting a single door system and FIG. 11 depicting a double door system).
- FIG. 1 illustrates a door frame 100 configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- Door frame 100 outlines a hole in wall 110 . By including a hole in wall 110 , objects and living beings are able to pass through wall 110 from one environment on a first side of wall 110 to a second environment on a second side of wall 110 .
- Door frame 100 may also be configured to receive a door panel, such as door panel 418 of FIG. 4 , door panel 518 of FIG. 5 , or door panel 818 of FIG. 8 .
- Door frame 100 When door frame 100 includes a door panel, a user of the door panel may move the door from an open position, where objects and living beings are typically allowed to pass through the hole in wall 110 , to a closed position, where objects and living beings are typically blocked from passing through the hole in wall 110 .
- Door frame 100 as well as all parts of door frame 100 (e.g., frame strike side 102 , frame hinge side 104 , frame top side 106 ), may be made of any material suitable for the functions of the door frame described herein, including wood, metal, plastic, rubber, or any combination thereof.
- Door frame 100 includes frame hinge side 104 .
- Frame hinge side 104 typically attaches to the door panel using one or more hinges at various heights. The one or more hinges enable the door panel to hingedly rotate around frame hinge side 104 between open and closed positions.
- Door frame 100 also includes frame strike side 102 .
- Frame strike side 102 typically includes at least a part of a latching mechanism (e.g., latching mechanism 434 of FIG. 4 ).
- One or more parts of the overall latching mechanism may also be attached to the door panel installed in the door frame.
- the inclusion of the latching mechanism enables the door panel to remain in the closed position unless some predetermined amount of force in a particular direction is applied to the door panel or a portion of the door panel (e.g., a handle of the door panel).
- frame strike side 102 either alone or in combination with one or more of frame top side 106 and frame hinge side 104 , may prevent the door panel from hingedly rotating past a certain point, such as the point where the latching mechanism is enabled. This may be accomplished by frame strike side 102 extending away from door frame 100 and into the rotational path of the door panel and frame hinge side 104 (see, e.g., frame sealing surface 214 and stop surface 216 of FIG. 2 A ).
- Door frame 100 also includes frame top side 106 .
- Frame top side 106 may be located at some portion of wall 110 that is lower than the highest point on wall 110 , or frame top side 106 may be aligned with the highest point on wall 110 . In some instances, similarly to frame strike side 102 , frame top side 106 may extend away from door frame 100 to prevent the door panel from hingedly rotating past a certain point.
- the hole created in wall 110 may also create floor surface 108 at the bottom of the hole.
- floor surface 108 may be part of door frame 100 , while in other instances, floor surface 108 may be part of the building in which wall 110 is located.
- FIG. 2 A illustrates various frame surfaces of door frame 200 , configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- FIG. 2 A provides a zoomed-in perspective of a portion of door frame 200 , which may be similarly constructed and have similar features to door frame 100 of FIG. 1 .
- door frame 200 includes frame base 212 .
- Frame base 212 may sit atop a floor surface (e.g., floor surface 108 of FIG. 1 ) and provide a template for installing a threshold (e.g., threshold 736 of FIG. 7 ) into door frame 200 .
- Frame base 212 includes hole 218 , which may be designed to receive an anchor bolt to secure the threshold to frame base 212 and into the floor surface underneath frame base 212 .
- Frame base 212 may not be present in all door systems. Instead, some instances may include the threshold being attached directly to the floor surface without the presence of frame base 212 .
- the vertical structures (frame sealing surface 214 and stop surface 216 ) in door frame 200 may be either of the frame hinge side or the frame strike side (e.g., frame strike side 102 and frame hinge side 104 of FIG. 1 ).
- both the frame hinge side and the frame strike side of a door frame in accordance with the techniques of this disclosure may include a frame sealing surface and a stop surface, as shown in FIG. 2 A .
- the frame sealing surface 214 and frame stop surface 216 may be one surface that creates both the door stop surface and the gasket sealing surface (surface 220 of FIG. 2 B , surface 222 of FIG. 2 C ).
- the door panel may not include a flange, and the gasket (e.g., continuous bulb-type gasket) may be attached directly to the dry side of the door panel (FIG.
- Stop surface 216 may be a portion of either the frame hinge side or the frame strike side that extends away from door frame 200 and into the hole in the wall or building created by door frame 200 . Stop surface 216 is configured to restrict the movement of any door panel past stop surface 216 such that the door panel can only rotate from a closed position outward in one direction. Stop surface 216 may further be aligned in door frame 200 such that the door panel contacts stop surface 216 , or is proximate to stop surface 216 (e.g., within 5 millimeters), when the latching mechanism of the frame strike side and/or the door panel is engaged to keep the door panel in a closed position.
- Frame sealing surface 214 may be an additional portion of the frame strike side and/or frame hinge side that extends into the hole in the wall or building created by door frame 200 . As shown, frame sealing surface 214 is shorter in length than stop surface 216 , meaning that frame sealing surface 214 does not extend from door frame 200 into the hole in the wall created by door frame 200 as far as stop surface 216 . This is because the door panel must be able to slide past frame sealing surface 214 as the door panel moves between open and closed positions. When the door panel moves into the closed position, a gasket (e.g., gasket 538 of FIG. 5 or gasket 838 of FIGS.
- a gasket e.g., gasket 538 of FIG. 5 or gasket 838 of FIGS.
- frame sealing surface 214 is made of the same material as door frame 200 (e.g., wood, metal, plastic, rubber, some combination thereof, etc.).
- frame sealing surface 214 is a gasket itself, attaching to door frame 200 and the frame strike side or the frame hinge side, producing the liquid-tight seal with the door panel by coming into contact with the door panel when the door panel is in the closed position or by coming into contact with the gasket installed on the door panel when the door panel is in the closed position.
- the door system described herein may have zero leakage, or may have some small amount of leakage or seepage. Often flood barrier manufacturers acknowledge that, even for doors considered to be “watertight,” there may be a small leakage rate.
- the Federal Emergency Management Agency FEMA
- FIG. 3 illustrates door panel 318 as configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- Door panel 318 may be installed in a door frame, such as door frame 100 or door frame 200 of FIGS. 1 and 2 , respectively.
- Door panel 318 may be made of any material suitable for a door, including wood, plastic, metal, rubber, a combination thereof, or any other material.
- FIG. 3 shows the wet side of door panel 318 , though in many configurations the dry side of door panel 318 also has a door handle.
- Door panel 318 includes panel bottom side 320 , panel strike side 322 , and panel hinge side 324 .
- Panel bottom side 320 when door panel 318 is in a closed position, may be situated over a threshold (e.g., threshold 736 of FIG. 7 ).
- threshold 736 e.g., threshold 736 of FIG. 7
- panel bottom side 320 When door panel 318 rotates into the open position, panel bottom side 320 may swing above a floor surface that is below door panel 318 .
- Panel strike side 322 may be positioned to be on the same side of the door system as the frame strike side of the door frame that holds door panel 318 when door panel 318 is in the closed position. As such, panel strike side 322 may also be the same side of door panel 318 as latching mechanism 328 .
- latching mechanism 328 includes a rotatable handle that moves a mechanical latch inward into door panel 318 when rotated. When the rotatable handle of latching mechanism 328 is not moved, the mechanical latch remains protruding from door panel 318 and into the frame strike side portion that holds the receiver of the latching mechanism.
- latching mechanism 328 This is merely one example of latching mechanism 328 , and any other latching mechanism known to be used for doors can be used in place of latching mechanism 328 shown in FIG. 3 .
- a multi-point vertical rod device may be used in which latch bolts engage into the header or the floor surface or both.
- Panel hinge side 324 may be positioned to be on the same side of the door system as the frame hinge side of the door frame that holds door panel 318 . As such, panel hinge side 324 may be on the same side of the door system as a door hinge.
- Door panel 318 may connect to the door frame, or the wall that holds the door frame, via the door hinge.
- the door hinge may be flexible, such that door panel 318 can hingedly rotate around the door hinge to move between open and closed positions.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a door panel 418 (opposite surface as shown in FIG. 3 ) and door frame 400 configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- Door frame 400 may be similarly constructed, and made of a similar material, as door frame 100 of FIG. 1 and/or door frame 200 of FIG. 2 A .
- door panel 418 may be similarly constructed, and made of a similar material, as door panel 318 of FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 4 shows the dry side of door panel 418 .
- door frame 400 includes frame strike side 402 , frame hinge side 404 , and frame top side 406 .
- Door frame 400 may attach into a wall or a building (not shown) using anchor bolts 430 . While the example of FIG. 4 shows 25 anchor bolts 430 to secure door frame 400 into the wall or building, other examples may include more or fewer anchor bolts. In some examples, other methods of attaching the door frame to a wall may be used, such as welds, screws, bolts, concrete anchors, and so on.
- Door panel 418 may also include panel bottom side 420 , panel strike side 422 , panel hinge side 424 , and panel top side 426 .
- door panel 418 may also include a gasket, such as gasket 538 of FIG. 5 or gasket 838 of FIG. 8 .
- the frame sealing surface ( 214 of FIG. 2 A ) may extend along the entirety of frame strike side 402 , frame top side 406 , and frame hinge side 404 .
- frame sealing surface may include the entire extent of the opening within door frame formed by frame strike side 402 , frame hinge side 404 , and frame top side 406 .
- door panel 418 may further include a panel top side, and the gasket may extend continuously along the entirety of panel strike side 422 , panel top side 426 , panel hinge side 424 , and panel bottom side 420 .
- the gasket may be a continuous gasket that forms a full perimeter around door panel 418 .
- the frame sealing surface ( 214 of FIG. 2 A ) may extend at least partially up each of the frame strike side 402 and the frame hinge side 404 .
- the gasket may be a continuous gasket that extends along panel bottom side 420 and partially up each of panel strike side 422 and panel hinge side 424 to provide a seal up to a predetermined liquid level.
- the frame sealing surface does not extend along the frame top side 406 (e.g., doors designed to for liquid containment up to only a certain height).
- frame hinge side 404 and panel hinge side 424 are located on the same side of the door system.
- frame strike side 402 and panel strike side 422 are located on the same side of the door system.
- Panel strike side 422 and frame strike side 402 may also include portions of latching mechanism 434 .
- door panel 418 may include crash bar 432 (also commonly referred to as a push bar or a panic bar) situated in an offset manner such that it is closer to panel strike side 422 rather than panel hinge side 424 .
- latching mechanism 434 retracts into door panel 418 , enabling door panel 418 to be swung away from door frame 400 around hinges on the opposite side of door panel 418 and on frame hinge side 404 and panel hinge side 424 .
- This is merely one example of a handle and latching mechanism for operating door panel 418 , and any other type of handle and/or latching mechanism system can replace crash bar 432 and latching mechanism 434 of FIG. 4 .
- latching mechanism 434 may be a passive latching mechanism configured to hold door panel 418 in the closed position without separate manual activation.
- latching mechanism 434 may be a cylindrical lockset, a mortised lockset, a multi-point lockset, a rim exit device, a deadbolt, or another suitable mechanism.
- FIG. 5 illustrates gasket 538 and a dry side of a door panel 518 configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- a low threshold liquid containment door is described herein.
- the liquid containment door is designed in such a way that gasket 538 is installed onto the dry side of door panel 518 to make a continuous length of gasket (whether one piece, or multiple pieces connected) to create a liquid-tight seal between the door and the threshold (e.g., threshold 736 of FIG. 7 ), and between the door and frame strike side 402 and frame hinge side 404 , up to the designed water protection level.
- the threshold e.g., threshold 736 of FIG. 7
- Door systems as described herein can function as a normal use “walk door,” however it may also perform as a flood barrier, spill containment barrier, or any other liquid containment system with a similar function when the door is in the closed position.
- Latching can consist of any mechanism that will hold the door in in the closed position. Latching types can vary widely and can include standard commercial locksets and can be combined with door closers so that the door panel automatically swings and latches into the closed position. Other methods of latching may require manual engagement of devices that latch or further compress the gaskets to prepare the barrier for liquid containment.
- walk doors can include any or none of the following: egress doors, panic doors, fire rated doors (e.g., fire-proof or doors graded to withstand certain temperatures), tornado rated doors (e.g., doors graded to withstand certain levels of force caused by a tornado), hurricane rated (e.g., doors graded to withstand certain levels of force caused by wind and/or hurricanes), sound rated doors (e.g., doors graded to block sound up to a certain decibel level), water intrusion rated (e.g., doors graded to block certain levels of water), and air infiltration rated (e.g., doors graded to have an airtight seal).
- egress doors e.g., panic doors, fire-proof or doors graded to withstand certain temperatures
- tornado rated doors e.g., doors graded to withstand certain levels of force caused by a tornado
- hurricane rated e.g., doors graded to withstand certain levels of force caused by wind and/or hurricanes
- sound rated doors
- a continuous length of gasket (e.g., gasket 538 ) around the perimeter of a flood barrier allows a liquid-tight seal to made more easily and is more forgiving to field conditions and installation tolerances.
- gasket 538 gasket 538
- a door system that has a bottom horizontal gasket attached to the door panel and vertical gaskets installed onto the door frame requires precise alignment and overlap of conjoining gaskets and metal sealing surfaces so that the liquid-tight seal can be made when the door is closed.
- Using a continuous length of gasket around the perimeter of the flood barrier creates a more simple and repeatable liquid-tight seal, especially if the gasket is installed on a planar surface (like a door panel surface) and seals to the surface of the door frame and threshold that are also aligned in a plane.
- the frame and threshold gasket contact surfaces can be modified to have sealants or rubber type materials such as gaskets to improve the sealing surface for liquid-tightness. This can be especially useful for increasing the liquid-tightness in areas where the gasket sealing surface transitions from one part to another, such as the threshold to the vertical frame.
- Gasket 538 provides multiple benefits over previous liquid containment systems. For instance, rather than use a bottom gasket situated on the door panel and remaining perimeter gaskets located on the frame, a continuous gasket as described herein removes the joints formed by the multiple gasket pieces coming together as the door is closed and breaking when the door is open. Further, rather than have the gasket installed to the frame and threshold that create a seal to the door panel, attaching the continuous gasket to the door panel removes the need for the gasket to extend into the walk space of the door.
- the door system described herein does not require the bottom gasket to move downward into place to seal to a horizontal ground surface or small vertically raised surface. In such other systems, this is often achieved by moving the entire door panel downward to create downward pressure on compression gaskets or by implementing inflatable gaskets that increase in size and expand downward to seal downward to a flush or low threshold. Inflatable gaskets often require methods of operation that include air compressors or latching such as spin knobs and/or locking dogs. Known drawbacks of inflatable gaskets include cost, maintenance requirements, lifespan, and potential for catastrophic failures.
- the continuous gaskets seal without the need for inflatable gaskets or the vertical movement of gaskets and/or the door panel.
- the techniques and objects described herein provide an opening that meets low threshold dimensional requirements and overall height requirements, such as ADA wheelchair compliance standards or the United Kingdom equivalent (e.g., less than 1 ⁇ 4 inch, 1 ⁇ 2 inch, 3 ⁇ 4 inch, or 20 millimeters).
- the door described herein can act as a normal use door such as a typical pedestrian door for interior or exterior applications.
- the door described herein can also act as a passive flood barrier or manual flood barrier, depending on the type of lockset and door hardware.
- the thresholds and gasket systems described herein may be compatible with other threshold height requirements, as well. For instance, Finland, Germany, France, and the Netherlands all state they allow a maximum threshold height of 20 millimeters to be handicap-accessible. The United Kingdom has a maximum threshold height of 15 millimeters. Canada states a maximum threshold height of 13 millimeters, and the United States provides a maximum threshold height of 1 ⁇ 2 inch. The techniques and door systems described herein may be compatible with any of these requirements. Door thresholds may also be referred to as door sills and/or door saddles.
- FIG. 6 illustrates gasket 638 attached to door panel 618 and configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- door panel 618 includes dry side panel 644 , which may be situated on the side of door panel 618 facing the environment that is to be protected from flood, spill, or other liquid conditions.
- Door panel 618 also includes wet side panel 642 , which may be situated on the side of door panel 618 facing the environment that potentially contains the liquid to be protected against.
- the edge of door panel 618 has door edge flange 640 that gasket 638 is attached to or located adjacent to.
- Gasket 638 may be made of any material suitably configured to provide the level of compression needed to create a liquid-tight seal, such as rubber, plastic, or any other resilient, waterproof material.
- Gasket 638 can be attached to door panel 618 such that water cannot fill the inside of door panel 618 and cause mold, mildew, saturate insulation, or cause corrosion.
- Gasket 638 can be positioned such that any liquid would encounter gasket 638 before encountering any seams in door panel 618 .
- Gasket 638 reduces the need to manufacture a fully sealed door panel (often by seal welds, sealant, epoxy) to prevent liquid intrusion in the panel or further leakage through the entire barrier since the construction seams of the panel are not subjected to liquid pressure.
- liquid loads e.g., hydrostatic, hydrodynamic and/or wave loading
- door panel 618 can be transferred to the door frame by direct bearing of a region of door panel 618 that is not at or directly adjacent to the gasket installation surface of door panel 618 .
- Some liquid loading is still resisted by the hinge and gasket compression forces, but most loading is transferred to the “door stop” surface (see stop surface 216 of FIG. 2 A ) of the frame from the structural panel structure.
- Door panel 618 can transfer loading to the door frame in a way that limits the amount of force or compression on gasket 638 , thus limiting the force transferred to the gasket attachment surface to limit the structural requirements of the gasket attachment surface.
- door edge flange 640 is created by a continuation of the wet side surface of door panel 618 .
- the wet side of door panel 618 is made of sheet metal and is extended outwardly from door panel 618 to create the wet side of door edge flange 640 .
- door flange 640 can be created by hemming the portion of sheet metal extending from the edges of door panel 618 to create door edge flange 640 with a smooth, radiused edge. In instances where the full water loads of door panel 618 are transferred through door edge flange 640 , door edge flange 640 should be made much more structural, which may be less economical and less aesthetically acceptable for applications where the door system must perform as a pedestrian door.
- Gasket 638 can be installed on door edge flange 640 of the door that is recessed from dry side panel 644 so that door edge flange 640 us more protected from damage and more aesthetically pleasing.
- the recessed nature of gasket 638 may make the doors more likely to pass the UL10C fire test criteria by preventing exposed flaming of the gaskets to the non-fire side of the door panel.
- the location of gasket 638 close to the wet side panel 642 allows gasket 638 to move at a more perpendicular movement towards the opposing frame sealing surface of the door frame. This allows better forward compression of gasket 638 rather than gasket 638 rolling or sliding into position laterally.
- the hinge pivot position additionally contributes to this function.
- gasket 638 In the case of gaskets that have a bulb-type closed section profile (e.g., the gasket is hollow in center), all or portions of gasket 638 can optionally be fabricated with holes 670 through the core wall of gasket 638 and allow air or water to move freely from the wet-side of gasket 638 to the inner hollow core of gasket 638 .
- Holes 670 can be along the length of gasket 638 (e.g., 6 inches on center, 9 inches on center, 12 inches on center, or any other spacing) or can be in the form of a single or multiple holes (e.g., a slit, a notch, an open end of gasket, or any other means of allowing passage of liquid freely from inside and out of the gasket hollow core to the “wet-side” of a liquid barrier door).
- This allows flood water to enter the inside of gasket 638 and exert hydrostatic pressure (equivalent to the flood water depth hydrostatic pressure) on the inside of gasket 638 towards the opposing frame sealing surface.
- a gasket design has a bulb-type profile (the gasket is hollow in the middle), then holes drilled through the gasket wall into the hollow core can allow water to enter the hollow core of the gasket.
- the water pressure can press the gasket onto its sealing surface.
- the bulb-type gasket can have more lateral stability when loaded by water and better forming characteristics when installing around corners of a door panel (e.g., less puckering).
- liquid fills the hollow core of a bulb-type gasket through the holes that liquid can neutralize the pressure applied by liquid outside the gasket's hollow core, which can significantly reduce crushing or crumpling.
- the gasket When a door panel is being closed for the purpose of acting as a liquid barrier, the gasket may allow air to escape from its hollow internal core through the vent holes when it is compressed between the door and frame, which allows the gasket to achieve more initial compression deflection.
- Initial gasket compression is generally achieved by the swinging momentum of a door that compresses the gasket and automatically latches into the closed position or by a manual method of engaging latching that creates initial gasket compression by drawing the door closer to the frame such as spin-knob latches, or quarter-turn latches.
- Initial gasket compression is the compression of the gasket that is required to allow the door to act as a liquid containment barrier prior to liquid loads further compressing the door panel into the door frame.
- Initial gasket compression is one of the largest challenges of creating a liquid-tight door when latching methods are limited to standard commercial door closers and locksets, where the door swing momentum must compress gasketing and latch the door closed without additional human intervention (e.g., creating a “passive” flood barrier).
- Gaskets can take various forms. As noted, the gasket can be a bulb-type design. In some instances, the gasket can be solid, with no hollow core. In some examples, the gasket can be made of dense rubber or foam. Gaskets can be extruded to have various cross-sectional profiles.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a door system that includes door panel 718 , gasket 738 , and threshold 736 , each configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- Door panel 718 may be similar to any of, and may be constructed of a similar material as, any of door panels 318 , 418 , 518 , and/or 618 .
- door panel 718 includes door edge flange 740 that extends from the edges of door panel 718 .
- Gasket 738 can be attached to door edge flange 740 or attached to door panel 718 in a way that allows gasket 738 to be located adjacent to door edge flange 740 .
- Threshold 736 is attached to a floor surface via frame base 712 , which provides the template for drilling anchor bolts 730 through threshold 736 and frame base 712 and into the floor surface.
- threshold 736 is secured to the floor surface and provides threshold sealing surface 746 for the purpose of creating the liquid-tight seal.
- gasket 738 comes into contact with and exerts force on threshold sealing surface 746 above threshold base 748 , as well as the frame sealing surfaces of the door frame. This continuous area of contact with adequate pressure creates the liquid-tight seal in accordance with the techniques of this disclosure.
- Threshold sealing surface 746 can be any portion of threshold 736 . In many examples, there may be a clear demarcation between threshold base 748 and threshold sealing surface 746 . In other examples, threshold sealing surface 746 will be part of threshold base 748 .
- Threshold 736 may be made of any material durable to handle foot traffic, wheel traffic, or any other traffic that may pass over threshold 736 .
- threshold 736 may be made of aluminum, but may also be made of any other suitable material, such as wood, plastic, rubber, or any combination thereof.
- Threshold 736 may also include ribs or grooves, to increase the friction of threshold 736 and to reduce any slipping that may occur from stepping on threshold 736 .
- FIGS. 8 A- 8 B illustrate a door system that includes a door panel 818 , a continuous gasket 838 , and a threshold 836 , each configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- Gasket 838 and door panel 818 may be installed as part of a door system as described elsewhere in this disclosure, such as the door systems of FIGS. 1 - 7 . As such, reference may be made to the door systems of FIGS. 1 - 7 in describing the environment in which gasket 838 and door panel 818 are installed.
- door panel 818 in each of FIGS. 8 A- 8 B , door panel 818 , similar to previous door panels described herein, includes dry side panel 844 and wet side panel 846 . Door panel 818 also includes door edge flange 840 , which gasket 838 is attached to. Threshold 836 is attached to floor surface 808 via sealant 850 and anchor bolt 830 . Anchor bolt 830 is threaded through threshold 836 and frame base 812 to secure each of threshold 836 and frame base 812 to floor surface 808 . Threshold 836 provides threshold sealing surface 866 for the purpose of creating the liquid-tight seal.
- gasket 838 comes into contact with and exerts force on threshold sealing surface 866 above threshold base 848 , as well as the frame sealing surfaces of the door frame. This continuous area of contact with adequate pressure creates the liquid-tight seal in accordance with the techniques of this disclosure.
- a pedestrian door system includes door frame 100 comprising frame strike side 402 , frame hinge side 404 , and frame sealing surface 214 that extends at least partially up each of frame strike side 402 and frame hinge side 404 .
- frame sealing surface 214 is a bottom portion of frame strike side 402 and frame hinge side 404 that starts at the bottommost edge of frame strike side 402 and frame hinge side 404 and extends upwards to the level at which the door system is intended to provide a liquid-tight seal. This may be some number of inches, feet, or the entirety of frame strike side 402 and frame hinge side 404 .
- the pedestrian door system also includes threshold 836 configured to extend between frame strike side 402 and frame hinge side 404 .
- Threshold 836 includes threshold base 848 configured to be secured to floor surface 808 and threshold sealing surface 866 .
- threshold 836 has an overall height 856 from the floor surface 808 to the uppermost surface of the threshold 836 (irrespective of any beveled edges) of no greater than 20 millimeters.
- threshold 836 may have an overall height 856 that is greater than or less than 20 millimeters.
- Threshold 836 may have an overall height 856 that is no greater than 3 ⁇ 4 inch.
- threshold 836 may have an overall height 856 of no greater than 1 ⁇ 2 inch.
- threshold sealing surface 866 may extend upwardly from threshold base 848 by a vertical distance 854 of no greater than 1 ⁇ 4 inch. Threshold sealing surface 866 may either extend vertically from threshold base 848 or at a sloped angle.
- threshold 836 may be configured to reduce tripping hazards and make wheelchair access easier by having a sloped or tapered profile (e.g., FIG. 8 B ).
- the upper corners of threshold 836 may be rounded, beveled, or sloped at a certain ratio to create a gradual transition for traffic passing perpendicularly over the threshold.
- all portions of threshold 836 that extend more than a predetermined height (e.g., 1 ⁇ 4 inch) above floor surface 808 may have a rise:run ratio or maximum slope ratio such that the upper portion of threshold 836 does not rise too steeply and pose a tripping hazard or impede wheelchair traffic.
- a rise:run ratio or maximum slope ratio such that the upper portion of threshold 836 does not rise too steeply and pose a tripping hazard or impede wheelchair traffic.
- the surfaces can be set back from the lower adjacent surface of threshold 836 so that the outermost profile of the threshold does not rise any steeper than a certain slope.
- the rise is shown as vertical distance 854
- the run is shown as horizontal distance 860 .
- the rise:run ratio e.g., the ratio of vertical distance 854 to horizontal distance 860
- the rise:run ratio can be no greater than 1:2.
- the overall height of threshold 836 can be vertically adjustable.
- shims 837 in threshold 836 can be positioned under threshold 836 to account for uneven floors.
- Vertical adjustment of threshold 836 may also ensure precise alignment of gasket 838 and threshold 836 to ensure proper gasket compression and overlap on threshold sealing surface 866 (e.g., 1 ⁇ 4 inch surface) of threshold 836 .
- Door panel 818 or door frame 100 can be adjusted vertically to enable precise positioning of gasket 838 onto threshold 836 .
- the door system can optionally use commercial door hardware to allow the door system to function as a pedestrian door, or the door system can use custom or non-typical latching to secure door panel 818 into the closed position.
- the door system may further include additional gaskets positioned elsewhere on door frame 100 and/or threshold 836 in order to further improve the seal provided by gasket 838 .
- frame sealing surface 214 of frame strike side 402 and frame hinge side 404 of door frame 100 may include a frame gasket
- threshold sealing surface 866 of threshold 836 may include a threshold gasket.
- the threshold may not need to comply with the handicap accessible standards discussed elsewhere herein. For various reasons, such thresholds need not qualify as low thresholds for purposes of such regulations.
- the door system may be a cutout in a wall, and the threshold 836 may be secured to the lower edge of the cutout.
- threshold sealing surface 866 is shown as a flat sealing surface, creating approximately a right angle (e.g., between 85 and 95 degrees) with floor surface 808 .
- threshold sealing surface 866 may form a different angle with floor surface 808 .
- threshold sealing surface 866 is shown with a sloped surface.
- the threshold may be rounded, crowned, ribbed, or formed in any other suitable shape.
- the pedestrian door system also includes door panel 818 (which may be similar to door panel 318 of FIG. 3 ), which includes panel bottom side 820 , panel strike side 322 , panel hinge side 324 , and gasket 838 .
- Gasket 838 extends continuously along panel bottom side 820 and at least partially up each of panel strike side 322 and panel hinge side 324 . In some instances, gasket 838 may extend between 3 feet and 8 feet up each of panel strike side 322 and panel hinge side 324 .
- Gasket 838 may be either a one-piece gasket or multiple gasket segments contacting one another (e.g., bonded together).
- Gasket 838 may also be a bulb-type gasket with holes defined in a wet side wall of the continuous gasket.
- the holes in gasket 838 are configured to receive liquid and/or air into an interior space within gasket 838 .
- the gasket ends may not be open in the contained liquid.
- the gasket ends may be closed, or the open gasket ends may be above the contained liquid. In these configurations, the gasket interior is accessible only through the holes.
- gasket 838 is a bulb-type gasket with holes defined in the wet side wall
- the gasket 838 may be attached to the door frame and threshold rather than to the door panel 818 .
- Gasket 838 may be attached to the door frame along the frame sealing surface and to the threshold along the threshold sealing surface 866 . In such instances, gasket 838 may also be continuous.
- door panel 818 consists of a main panel and door edge flange 840 .
- door edge flange 840 extends outwardly from door panel 818 .
- the amount that door edge flange 840 extends from door panel 818 may vary, as may the thickness of door edge flange 840 .
- Gasket 838 is then located adjacent to door edge flange 840 , such as by being connected to door edge flange 840 or by being installed within a small distance from door edge flange 840 on panel bottom side 320 (e.g., within 5 millimeters).
- Door panel 818 may include dry side panel 844 and wet side panel 846 .
- door edge flange 840 may extend outwardly from wet side panel 846 .
- Door edge flange 840 may extend toward dry side panel 844 (e.g., less than 15% of the distance from wet side panel 846 to dry side panel 844 , more than 50% of the distance from wet side panel 846 to dry side panel 844 , etc.).
- door edge flange 840 may extend outwardly from door panel 818 , not at wet side panel 846 , but somewhere between dry side panel 844 and wet side panel 846 (e.g., midway between dry side panel 844 and wet side panel 846 ).
- Gasket 838 may then extend from door edge flange 840 toward dry side panel 844 of door panel 818 .
- dry side panel 844 presses against the stop surface of the door frame. That reduces forces on door edge flange 840 so that door edge flange 840 can be constructed in a less robust manner.
- wet side panel 846 may comprise a sheet of metal that is hemmed to create door edge flange 840 .
- FIGS. 9 A- 9 C show a door hinge 902 that can be used in illustrative pedestrian door systems.
- Door panel 918 includes door edge flange 940 , which gasket 938 is attached to.
- Gasket 938 may be a bulb-type gasket, which includes hollow space 966 .
- Threshold 936 is attached to a floor surface and frame base 912 with anchor bolt 930 .
- Door hinge 902 can be a geared hinge configured to hingedly couple panel hinge side 920 of door panel 918 to frame hinge side 904 of the door frame.
- the door hinge can be a piano hinge, a barrel hinge, or other suitable hinge.
- the door hinge 902 facilitates hinged movement of door panel 918 relative to the door frame between an open position and a closed position. When door panel 918 is in the closed position, gasket 938 is positioned between panel sealing surface 919 of door panel 918 and frame sealing surface 914 of frame strike side and frame hinge side 904 of the door frame to create a liquid-tight seal.
- gasket 938 is also positioned between the panel sealing surface ( 819 of FIG. 8 A ) and the threshold sealing surface ( 866 of FIG. 8 A ) of the threshold ( 836 of FIG. 8 A ) to create a liquid-tight seal.
- the door hinge 902 has a hinge leaf 958 that extends beyond door edge flange 940 and attaches to door panel 918 .
- This hinge leaf 958 may also be a flexible hinge leaf.
- Door hinge 902 may be configured to facilitate hinged movement of door panel 918 relative to the door frame about a hinge axis (vertical) that is located outwardly from an outermost extent of door panel 918 by a particular distance. In some examples, that hinge offset 960 may be at least 5 ⁇ 8 inch.
- Door hinge 902 can be a surface mount hinge or a geared hinge or other hinge that fastens to wet side panel 946 and a wet side 948 of the door frame.
- the stationary portion of door hinge 902 may be attached to the wet side of door frame, and the hinge leaf 958 may extend some distance (generally parallel to the surface of door panel 918 ).
- the length and orientation of the hinge leaf 958 may allow liquid pressure on door panel 918 to deflect door panel 918 further into the door frame to increase compression of gasket 938 compression and can allow dry side panel 944 to contact the stop surface 916 .
- Hinge leaf 958 may extend beyond door edge flange 940 so that hinge fasteners can be attached to the main door structure of door panel 918 rather than to door edge flange 940 .
- Door hinge 902 may be configured to facilitate hinged movement of door panel 918 relative to the door frame about hinge pivot 962 .
- Hinge pivot 962 is located in a position such that, as door panel 918 moves into the closed position, gasket 938 moves more perpendicularly to frame sealing surface 914 . If hinge pivot 962 were located closer to gasket 938 , gasket 938 may roll into frame sealing surface 914 or compress laterally into frame sealing surface 914 rather than in being pressed onto frame sealing surface 914 .
- Hinge pivot 962 may have a vertical axis.
- FIGS. 9 A- 9 C The process of moving door panel 918 from the closed position to the open position is shown in the sequence of FIGS. 9 A- 9 C .
- door panel 918 is in the closed position.
- the wet side 950 of door edge flange 940 and wet side panel 946 may be within 1/16 inch of flush with wet side 948 of the door frame.
- FIG. 9 B door panel 918 begins to open as hinge leaf 958 and door panel 918 rotate around hinge pivot 962 .
- FIG. 9 C door panel 918 is in the open position, with hinge pivot 962 extending door panel 918 away from the frame, protecting the frame and gasket 938 .
- FIG. 9 C shows door panel 918 swinging into the closed position.
- the flexible hinge leaf 958 is configured to allow movement of door panel 918 relative to the door frame (perpendicular to door panel surface) when pressure is applied to wet side panel 946 . This is particularly advantageous at the hinge-side of the door system where this feature allows additional gasket compression to be achieved with increasing amounts of pressure on door panel 918 .
- the door frame includes stop surface 916 that is separate from frame sealing surface 914 .
- dry side panel 944 is adjacent to stop surface 916 .
- wet side panel 946 dry side panel 944 presses against stop surface 916 .
- Such pressures need not be borne by the door edge flange or by the hinge components, which is beneficial in examples involving a more rigid hinge (e.g., a butt hinge).
- Example door systems include door hinges that allow for hinged movement of the door panel relative to the door frame between open and closed positions.
- the door hinge may be configured to hingedly couple a side of the door panel to the door frame. In such instances, the door panel may move between open and closed positions about a vertical hinge axis.
- the door hinge may be configured to hingedly couple the bottom of the door panel to the door frame. In such instances, the door panel may move between open and closed positions about a horizontal hinge axis.
- FIG. 10 illustrates geared hinge 1064 and door frame 1000 of a door system configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- the length, material, and thickness of hinge leaf 1058 that extends onto wet side panel 1044 is designed so that liquid pressure on the door can flex the hinge material so that the door system is able to achieve increased gasket compression as liquid levels rise higher on the door.
- Hinge pivot 1062 and hinge leaf 1058 can rebound after flood conditions recede without resulting in permanent deflection or damage to geared hinge 1064 .
- the pedestrian door system may also be a double door system.
- FIG. 11 illustrates a door system that includes two door panels 1118 A and 1118 B, center post 1170 , and door frame 1100 , each configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.
- Each of door panels 1118 A and 1118 B may be similar to, and may be constructed of similar materials as, any of door panels described herein.
- Door frame 1100 may include openings for each of door panels 1118 A and 1118 B.
- Door frame 1100 may comprise frame strike sides on each side of center post 1170 .
- Door frame 1100 may include first frame hinge side 1126 A, and a first frame sealing surface that extends at least partially up each of the first side of center post 1170 and first frame hinge side 1126 A.
- Door frame 1100 may also include second frame hinge side 1126 B and a second frame sealing surface that extends at least partially up each of another side of center post 1170 and second frame hinge side 1126 B.
- the door system may include two thresholds with characteristics like those of other thresholds described herein.
- the door system may include first threshold 1136 A, which extends between the first side of center post 1170 and first frame hinge side 1126 A.
- First threshold 1136 A includes a base configured to be secured to a floor surface and a threshold sealing surface.
- the door system can include second threshold 1136 B configured to extend between center post 1170 and second frame hinge side 1126 B, with second threshold 1136 B having dimensions like those of first threshold 1136 A.
- first door panel 1118 A and second door panel 1118 B may be similar to other door panels described herein.
- First door panel 1118 A may include first panel bottom side 1120 A, first panel strike side 1122 A, first panel hinge side 1124 A, and a continuous gasket extending continuously along first panel bottom side 1120 A and at least partially up each of first panel strike side 1122 A and first panel hinge side 1124 A.
- Second door panel 1118 B may include second panel bottom side 1120 B, second panel strike side 1122 B, second panel hinge side 1124 B, and a second continuous gasket extending continuously along second panel bottom side 1120 B and at least partially up each of second panel strike side 1122 B and second panel hinge side 1124 B.
- the door system may include first and second hinges.
- the first hinge may be configured to hingedly couple first panel hinge side 1124 A of first door panel 1118 A to first frame hinge side 1126 A of door frame 1100 .
- the first door hinge can facilitate hinged movement first door panel 1118 A relative to door frame 1100 between an open position and a first closed position. When in the first closed position, the continuous gasket of first door panel 1118 A seals against the frame sealing surface of door frame 1100 and against the threshold sealing surface of the threshold in a liquid-tight manner.
- the second hinge may be configured to hingedly couple second panel hinge side 1124 B of second door panel 1118 B to second frame hinge side 1126 B of door frame 1100 .
- the second door hinge can facilitate hinged movement of second door panel 1118 B relative to door frame 1100 between a second open position and a second closed position.
- the continuous gasket of second door panel 1118 B seals against the second frame sealing surface of door frame 1100 in a liquid-tight manner.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
A pedestrian door system includes a door frame comprising a frame strike side, a frame hinge side, and a frame sealing surface that extends up each of the frame strike and frame hinge sides. A threshold extends between the frame strike and frame hinge sides and includes a base secured to a floor surface and a threshold sealing surface. A door panel includes a panel bottom side, a panel strike side, a panel hinge side, and a continuous gasket extending continuously along the panel bottom side and up each of the panel strike and panel hinge sides. A door hinge couples the panel hinge side to the frame hinge side and facilitates hinged movement of the door panel between an open position and a closed position in which the gasket seals against the frame sealing surface and the threshold sealing surface in a liquid-tight manner.
Description
- This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/911,578, filed Jun. 25, 2020, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- The disclosure relates to liquid-tight door systems.
- In many instances, doors are generally used to separate one environment from another. While this may be as simple as separating one room in a building from another, this may also include separating an interior environment from an external environment that is subject to natural elements, or separating an environment that is to be protected from an environment that includes a liquid that could be detrimental if introduced into the environment that is to be protected. These doors can typically be in either a closed position, where the separation is intended to be in place by the presence of the door blocking passage from one environment to the other, or an open position, where passage is permitted through the area outlined by the frame of the door.
- While doors in a closed position generally do an adequate job of preventing large, solid objects from passing from an environment on one side of the door panel to an environment on the other side of the door panel, the mechanics of a door opening and closing create issues with the prevention of liquid from passing through the open crevices of the door system, even when the door is in the closed position. For instance, the presence of hinges on the door and the need for the door panels to swing open and closed typically prevent formation of a liquid-tight seal, as the hinges space the door panels away from the frame, and a door must be spaced away from the floor such that the door does not scrape the floor as it moves between open and closed positions. Examples of when it is desirable to prevent liquid from passing through open crevices of a closed door include floods and liquid spills. This problem is only compounded with double doors, where there are two door panels that swing away from one another and latch either together or into a common center structure.
- In general, the disclosure describes a liquid containment barrier or a liquid containment door (hereinafter referred to collectively as a “liquid containment door”). A liquid containment barrier/door is designed in such a way that a continuous gasket system is installed onto the door panel to make a continuous length of gasket to create a liquid-tight seal between the door panel and threshold, and between the door panel and frame, up to the designed water protection level. The continuous gasket system may be a single gasket piece or multiple gasket pieces connected to one another.
- In some instances, the liquid containment door may also be implemented into a door system with a low threshold. The low threshold has the benefit of allowing traffic through the doorway, such as foot traffic, carts, vehicles, or wheelchairs with little impedance. Low thresholds are generally preferred and often required by regulations, such as the Americans with Disabilities Act (“ADA”), which detail specific dimensional requirements of the threshold size and shape. The continuous length of gasket attached to the door panel allows the door panel to create a liquid-tight seal to the perimeter door frame (two vertical jambs and header) and across the bottom of the door where the gasket makes a seal to a low profile threshold (e.g., an ADA-compliant threshold). An additional benefit of the continuous gasket being attached to the door panel and not attached to the threshold is that the gasket is not exposed to damage by traffic through the doorway.
- The liquid containment door can function as a normal use pedestrian door. Examples of pedestrian doors include walk doors, personnel doors, passage doors, entry doors, entrance doors, accessible entrance or passage doors, handicap accessible doors, and exit doors. The liquid containment door can perform as a flood barrier or a spill containment system or can perform any other similar function when in the closed and latched position. Further, the liquid containment door may be implemented into any other type of door system, such as a vertically hinged door system, a sliding door system, a double door system, a French door system, an automatic door system, a rotating door system, or any other door system that may move between open and closed positions.
- In one example, the disclosure is directed to a pedestrian door system that includes a door frame comprising a frame strike side, a frame hinge side, and a frame sealing surface that extends at least partially up each of the frame strike side and the frame hinge side. The pedestrian door system further includes a threshold configured to extend between the frame strike side and the frame hinge side, the threshold including a base configured to be secured to a floor surface and a threshold sealing surface, wherein the threshold has an overall height of no greater than 20 millimeters. The pedestrian door system also includes a door panel comprising a panel bottom side, a panel strike side, a panel hinge side, and a continuous gasket extending continuously along the panel bottom side and at least partially up each of the panel strike side and the panel hinge side. The pedestrian door system further includes a door hinge configured to hingedly couple the panel hinge side of the door panel to the frame hinge side of the door frame and to facilitate hinged movement of the door panel relative to the door frame between an open position and a closed position in which the continuous gasket of the door panel seals against the frame sealing surface of the door frame and against the threshold sealing surface of the threshold in a liquid-tight manner.
- In another example, the disclosure is directed to a door system that includes a door frame comprising a frame first side, a frame second side, and a frame sealing surface that extends at least partially up each of the frame first side and the frame second side. The door system further includes a threshold configured to extend between the frame first side and the frame second side, the threshold including a base configured to be secured to a surface and a threshold sealing surface. The door system also includes a door panel comprising a panel bottom side, a panel first side, a panel second side, and a panel sealing surface that extends along the panel bottom side and at least partially up each of the panel first side and the panel second side. The door system further includes a gasket that comprises a bulb-type gasket with holes defined in a wet side wall of the gasket, the holes being configured to receive liquid and/or air into an interior space within the bulb-type gasket. The door panel is movable relative to the door frame between an open position and a closed position in which the gasket is positioned between the panel sealing surface of the door panel and the frame sealing surface of the door frame and between the panel sealing surface of the door panel and the threshold sealing surface of the threshold to create a liquid-tight seal.
- In another example, the disclosure is directed to a door system that includes a door frame comprising a frame strike side, a frame hinge side, and a frame sealing surface that extends at least partially up each of the frame strike side and the frame hinge side. The door system further includes a threshold configured to extend between the frame strike side and the frame hinge side, the threshold including a base configured to be secured to a floor surface and a threshold sealing surface, wherein the threshold has an overall height of no greater than 20 millimeters. The door system also includes a door panel comprising a panel bottom side, a panel strike side, a panel hinge side, and a continuous gasket extending continuously along the panel bottom side and at least partially up each of the panel strike side and the panel hinge side. The door system further includes a door hinge configured to hingedly couple the panel hinge side of the door panel to the frame hinge side of the door frame and to facilitate hinged movement of the door panel relative to the door frame between an open position and a closed position in which the continuous gasket of the door panel seals against the frame sealing surface of the door frame and against the threshold sealing surface of the threshold in a liquid-tight manner.
- The details of one or more examples of the disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims.
-
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a door frame configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. -
FIG. 2A is a perspective view of various frame surfaces configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. -
FIG. 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a door panel and door frame as configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. -
FIG. 2C is a schematic cross-sectional view of a door panel and door frame as configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. -
FIG. 3 is a wet-side view of a door panel as configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. -
FIG. 4 is a view of a door panel and a door frame configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. -
FIG. 5 is a dry-side view of a continuous gasket, a door panel, and a door frame configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. -
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a continuous gasket attached to a door panel and configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. -
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a door system that includes a door panel, a continuous gasket, and a threshold, each configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. -
FIGS. 8A-8B are section views of a door system that includes a door panel, a continuous gasket, and a threshold, each configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. -
FIGS. 9A-9C are top section views of a door system that includes a hinge, a door panel, a continuous gasket, and a threshold, each configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. -
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a hinge of a door system configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. -
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a door system that includes two door panels, a center post, and a door frame, each configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. - In general, the disclosure describes a liquid containment barrier or a liquid containment door (hereinafter referred to collectively as a “liquid containment door”). A liquid containment door is designed in such a way that a continuous gasket system is installed onto the door panel to make a continuous length of gasket to create a liquid-tight seal between the door panel and threshold, and between the door panel and frame, up to the designed water protection level. The continuous gasket system may be a single gasket piece or multiple gasket pieces connected to one another. This disclosure may, in referencing the liquid containment aspects of the door referenced herein, use terminology related to “flooding.” However, the application of the techniques and objects of this disclosure can extend beyond flood protection to such products as spill containment, or containment of any liquid. This disclosure may also refer to the application of the continuous gasket to a typical pedestrian or walk door, but examples of this disclosure can be applied to any type of door that hinges along its vertical side. Further, the continuous gasket described herein can be applied to any number of doors, including personnel doors, passage doors, entry doors, entrance doors, accessible entrance or passage doors, handicap-accessible doors, pedestrian doors, exit doors, or any other type of door that includes a threshold and frame as described herein. In some instances, door systems disclosed herein may not be for a pedestrian use, but for use with larger doors, such as stadium entries or entries to large commercial buildings.
- As a preliminary note, it should be recognized that the various figures accompanying this application depict various parts of the overall door system. It should also be recognized that any individual figure may show only a certain subset of the features of the overall door system described herein. As such, when similar structures are described in different figures, it should be understood that those structures are interchangeable with the similarly named structures in other ones of
FIGS. 1-11 . Further, it should be understood that any ofFIGS. 1-11 can be combined when analyzing how the figures fit together. For instance,door frame 100 may includeframe strike side 102 andframe hinge side 104, which may be equivalent toframe strike side 402 andframe hinge side 404, respectively, whichframe door panel 418, which may be equivalent todoor panel 818. As such, when describinggasket 838 being installed ondoor panel 818, it should be understood thatgasket 838 can also be present ondoor panel 418, although not shown, and thatdoor panel 818 can be installed ondoor frame 100, although not shown. In other instances, each ofFIGS. 1-11 may be interpreted in a standalone fashion, as there may be differences in some of the structures betweenFIGS. 1-11 (e.g.,FIG. 4 depicting a single door system andFIG. 11 depicting a double door system). -
FIG. 1 illustrates adoor frame 100 configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.Door frame 100 outlines a hole inwall 110. By including a hole inwall 110, objects and living beings are able to pass throughwall 110 from one environment on a first side ofwall 110 to a second environment on a second side ofwall 110.Door frame 100 may also be configured to receive a door panel, such asdoor panel 418 ofFIG. 4 ,door panel 518 ofFIG. 5 , ordoor panel 818 ofFIG. 8 . Whendoor frame 100 includes a door panel, a user of the door panel may move the door from an open position, where objects and living beings are typically allowed to pass through the hole inwall 110, to a closed position, where objects and living beings are typically blocked from passing through the hole inwall 110.Door frame 100, as well as all parts of door frame 100 (e.g.,frame strike side 102,frame hinge side 104, frame top side 106), may be made of any material suitable for the functions of the door frame described herein, including wood, metal, plastic, rubber, or any combination thereof. -
Door frame 100 includesframe hinge side 104.Frame hinge side 104 typically attaches to the door panel using one or more hinges at various heights. The one or more hinges enable the door panel to hingedly rotate aroundframe hinge side 104 between open and closed positions. -
Door frame 100 also includesframe strike side 102.Frame strike side 102 typically includes at least a part of a latching mechanism (e.g., latchingmechanism 434 ofFIG. 4 ). One or more parts of the overall latching mechanism may also be attached to the door panel installed in the door frame. The inclusion of the latching mechanism enables the door panel to remain in the closed position unless some predetermined amount of force in a particular direction is applied to the door panel or a portion of the door panel (e.g., a handle of the door panel). In some instances,frame strike side 102, either alone or in combination with one or more of frametop side 106 andframe hinge side 104, may prevent the door panel from hingedly rotating past a certain point, such as the point where the latching mechanism is enabled. This may be accomplished byframe strike side 102 extending away fromdoor frame 100 and into the rotational path of the door panel and frame hinge side 104 (see, e.g.,frame sealing surface 214 and stopsurface 216 ofFIG. 2A ). -
Door frame 100 also includes frametop side 106. Frametop side 106 may be located at some portion ofwall 110 that is lower than the highest point onwall 110, or frametop side 106 may be aligned with the highest point onwall 110. In some instances, similarly toframe strike side 102, frametop side 106 may extend away fromdoor frame 100 to prevent the door panel from hingedly rotating past a certain point. - The hole created in
wall 110 may also createfloor surface 108 at the bottom of the hole. In some instances,floor surface 108 may be part ofdoor frame 100, while in other instances,floor surface 108 may be part of the building in whichwall 110 is located. -
FIG. 2A illustrates various frame surfaces ofdoor frame 200, configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. In other words,FIG. 2A provides a zoomed-in perspective of a portion ofdoor frame 200, which may be similarly constructed and have similar features todoor frame 100 ofFIG. 1 . - In the example of
FIG. 2A ,door frame 200 includesframe base 212.Frame base 212 may sit atop a floor surface (e.g.,floor surface 108 ofFIG. 1 ) and provide a template for installing a threshold (e.g.,threshold 736 ofFIG. 7 ) intodoor frame 200.Frame base 212 includeshole 218, which may be designed to receive an anchor bolt to secure the threshold to framebase 212 and into the floor surface underneathframe base 212.Frame base 212 may not be present in all door systems. Instead, some instances may include the threshold being attached directly to the floor surface without the presence offrame base 212. - The vertical structures (
frame sealing surface 214 and stop surface 216) indoor frame 200 may be either of the frame hinge side or the frame strike side (e.g.,frame strike side 102 andframe hinge side 104 ofFIG. 1 ). In other words, both the frame hinge side and the frame strike side of a door frame in accordance with the techniques of this disclosure may include a frame sealing surface and a stop surface, as shown inFIG. 2A . In some instances, theframe sealing surface 214 and frame stopsurface 216 may be one surface that creates both the door stop surface and the gasket sealing surface (surface 220 ofFIG. 2B ,surface 222 ofFIG. 2C ). In some such instances, the door panel may not include a flange, and the gasket (e.g., continuous bulb-type gasket) may be attached directly to the dry side of the door panel (FIG. - Stop
surface 216 may be a portion of either the frame hinge side or the frame strike side that extends away fromdoor frame 200 and into the hole in the wall or building created bydoor frame 200. Stopsurface 216 is configured to restrict the movement of any door panel paststop surface 216 such that the door panel can only rotate from a closed position outward in one direction. Stopsurface 216 may further be aligned indoor frame 200 such that the door panel contacts stopsurface 216, or is proximate to stop surface 216 (e.g., within 5 millimeters), when the latching mechanism of the frame strike side and/or the door panel is engaged to keep the door panel in a closed position. -
Frame sealing surface 214 may be an additional portion of the frame strike side and/or frame hinge side that extends into the hole in the wall or building created bydoor frame 200. As shown,frame sealing surface 214 is shorter in length thanstop surface 216, meaning thatframe sealing surface 214 does not extend fromdoor frame 200 into the hole in the wall created bydoor frame 200 as far asstop surface 216. This is because the door panel must be able to slide pastframe sealing surface 214 as the door panel moves between open and closed positions. When the door panel moves into the closed position, a gasket (e.g.,gasket 538 ofFIG. 5 orgasket 838 ofFIGS. 8A-8C ) attached to the door panel, or the door panel itself, comes into contact withframe sealing surface 214, creating a liquid-tight seal between the environment on one side of the door panel and the environment on the second side of the door panel. In some instances,frame sealing surface 214 is made of the same material as door frame 200 (e.g., wood, metal, plastic, rubber, some combination thereof, etc.). In other instances,frame sealing surface 214 is a gasket itself, attaching todoor frame 200 and the frame strike side or the frame hinge side, producing the liquid-tight seal with the door panel by coming into contact with the door panel when the door panel is in the closed position or by coming into contact with the gasket installed on the door panel when the door panel is in the closed position. - By being liquid-tight, the door system described herein may have zero leakage, or may have some small amount of leakage or seepage. Often flood barrier manufacturers acknowledge that, even for doors considered to be “watertight,” there may be a small leakage rate. Regarding flooding, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) defines “watertight” as “substantially impermeable to the passage of water.”
-
FIG. 3 illustratesdoor panel 318 as configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.Door panel 318 may be installed in a door frame, such asdoor frame 100 ordoor frame 200 ofFIGS. 1 and 2 , respectively.Door panel 318 may be made of any material suitable for a door, including wood, plastic, metal, rubber, a combination thereof, or any other material.FIG. 3 shows the wet side ofdoor panel 318, though in many configurations the dry side ofdoor panel 318 also has a door handle. -
Door panel 318 includes panelbottom side 320,panel strike side 322, andpanel hinge side 324. Panelbottom side 320, whendoor panel 318 is in a closed position, may be situated over a threshold (e.g.,threshold 736 ofFIG. 7 ). Whendoor panel 318 rotates into the open position, panelbottom side 320 may swing above a floor surface that is belowdoor panel 318. -
Panel strike side 322 may be positioned to be on the same side of the door system as the frame strike side of the door frame that holdsdoor panel 318 whendoor panel 318 is in the closed position. As such,panel strike side 322 may also be the same side ofdoor panel 318 as latchingmechanism 328. In the example ofFIG. 3 ,latching mechanism 328 includes a rotatable handle that moves a mechanical latch inward intodoor panel 318 when rotated. When the rotatable handle oflatching mechanism 328 is not moved, the mechanical latch remains protruding fromdoor panel 318 and into the frame strike side portion that holds the receiver of the latching mechanism. This is merely one example of latchingmechanism 328, and any other latching mechanism known to be used for doors can be used in place of latchingmechanism 328 shown inFIG. 3 . As another example, a multi-point vertical rod device may be used in which latch bolts engage into the header or the floor surface or both. -
Panel hinge side 324 may be positioned to be on the same side of the door system as the frame hinge side of the door frame that holdsdoor panel 318. As such,panel hinge side 324 may be on the same side of the door system as a door hinge.Door panel 318 may connect to the door frame, or the wall that holds the door frame, via the door hinge. The door hinge may be flexible, such thatdoor panel 318 can hingedly rotate around the door hinge to move between open and closed positions. -
FIG. 4 illustrates a door panel 418 (opposite surface as shown inFIG. 3 ) anddoor frame 400 configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.Door frame 400 may be similarly constructed, and made of a similar material, asdoor frame 100 ofFIG. 1 and/ordoor frame 200 ofFIG. 2A . Similarly,door panel 418 may be similarly constructed, and made of a similar material, asdoor panel 318 ofFIG. 3 .FIG. 4 shows the dry side ofdoor panel 418. - In the example of
FIG. 4 ,door frame 400 includesframe strike side 402,frame hinge side 404, and frametop side 406.Door frame 400 may attach into a wall or a building (not shown) usinganchor bolts 430. While the example ofFIG. 4 shows 25anchor bolts 430 to securedoor frame 400 into the wall or building, other examples may include more or fewer anchor bolts. In some examples, other methods of attaching the door frame to a wall may be used, such as welds, screws, bolts, concrete anchors, and so on. -
Door panel 418 may also include panelbottom side 420,panel strike side 422,panel hinge side 424, and paneltop side 426. In some examples,door panel 418 may also include a gasket, such asgasket 538 ofFIG. 5 orgasket 838 ofFIG. 8 . - In some examples, the frame sealing surface (214 of
FIG. 2A ) may extend along the entirety offrame strike side 402, frametop side 406, andframe hinge side 404. In other words, frame sealing surface may include the entire extent of the opening within door frame formed byframe strike side 402,frame hinge side 404, and frametop side 406. In such examples,door panel 418 may further include a panel top side, and the gasket may extend continuously along the entirety ofpanel strike side 422, paneltop side 426,panel hinge side 424, and panelbottom side 420. In other words, in this example, the gasket may be a continuous gasket that forms a full perimeter arounddoor panel 418. - In some examples, the frame sealing surface (214 of
FIG. 2A ) may extend at least partially up each of theframe strike side 402 and theframe hinge side 404. In this example, the gasket may be a continuous gasket that extends along panelbottom side 420 and partially up each ofpanel strike side 422 andpanel hinge side 424 to provide a seal up to a predetermined liquid level. In some examples, the frame sealing surface does not extend along the frame top side 406 (e.g., doors designed to for liquid containment up to only a certain height). - As shown in
FIG. 4 ,frame hinge side 404 andpanel hinge side 424 are located on the same side of the door system. Similarly,frame strike side 402 andpanel strike side 422 are located on the same side of the door system.Panel strike side 422 andframe strike side 402 may also include portions of latchingmechanism 434. For instance,door panel 418 may include crash bar 432 (also commonly referred to as a push bar or a panic bar) situated in an offset manner such that it is closer topanel strike side 422 rather thanpanel hinge side 424. Whencrash bar 432 is pressed inward towardsdoor panel 418,latching mechanism 434 retracts intodoor panel 418, enablingdoor panel 418 to be swung away fromdoor frame 400 around hinges on the opposite side ofdoor panel 418 and onframe hinge side 404 andpanel hinge side 424. This is merely one example of a handle and latching mechanism for operatingdoor panel 418, and any other type of handle and/or latching mechanism system can replacecrash bar 432 andlatching mechanism 434 ofFIG. 4 . In many examples,latching mechanism 434 may be a passive latching mechanism configured to holddoor panel 418 in the closed position without separate manual activation. In some examples,latching mechanism 434 may be a cylindrical lockset, a mortised lockset, a multi-point lockset, a rim exit device, a deadbolt, or another suitable mechanism. -
FIG. 5 illustratesgasket 538 and a dry side of adoor panel 518 configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. A low threshold liquid containment door is described herein. - The liquid containment door is designed in such a way that gasket 538 is installed onto the dry side of
door panel 518 to make a continuous length of gasket (whether one piece, or multiple pieces connected) to create a liquid-tight seal between the door and the threshold (e.g.,threshold 736 ofFIG. 7 ), and between the door andframe strike side 402 andframe hinge side 404, up to the designed water protection level. - Door systems as described herein can function as a normal use “walk door,” however it may also perform as a flood barrier, spill containment barrier, or any other liquid containment system with a similar function when the door is in the closed position. Latching can consist of any mechanism that will hold the door in in the closed position. Latching types can vary widely and can include standard commercial locksets and can be combined with door closers so that the door panel automatically swings and latches into the closed position. Other methods of latching may require manual engagement of devices that latch or further compress the gaskets to prepare the barrier for liquid containment. In addition to a liquid barrier, other requirements of typical “walk doors” can include any or none of the following: egress doors, panic doors, fire rated doors (e.g., fire-proof or doors graded to withstand certain temperatures), tornado rated doors (e.g., doors graded to withstand certain levels of force caused by a tornado), hurricane rated (e.g., doors graded to withstand certain levels of force caused by wind and/or hurricanes), sound rated doors (e.g., doors graded to block sound up to a certain decibel level), water intrusion rated (e.g., doors graded to block certain levels of water), and air infiltration rated (e.g., doors graded to have an airtight seal).
- A continuous length of gasket (e.g., gasket 538) around the perimeter of a flood barrier allows a liquid-tight seal to made more easily and is more forgiving to field conditions and installation tolerances. Generally, there is a higher likelihood of water leakage anytime a flood gasket transitions over different materials or where multiple gaskets are joined together to create a liquid-tight seal. For example, a door system that has a bottom horizontal gasket attached to the door panel and vertical gaskets installed onto the door frame requires precise alignment and overlap of conjoining gaskets and metal sealing surfaces so that the liquid-tight seal can be made when the door is closed. Using a continuous length of gasket around the perimeter of the flood barrier creates a more simple and repeatable liquid-tight seal, especially if the gasket is installed on a planar surface (like a door panel surface) and seals to the surface of the door frame and threshold that are also aligned in a plane.
- In some instances, in addition to, or in place of,
gasket 538 installed ondoor panel 518, the frame and threshold gasket contact surfaces can be modified to have sealants or rubber type materials such as gaskets to improve the sealing surface for liquid-tightness. This can be especially useful for increasing the liquid-tightness in areas where the gasket sealing surface transitions from one part to another, such as the threshold to the vertical frame. -
Gasket 538 provides multiple benefits over previous liquid containment systems. For instance, rather than use a bottom gasket situated on the door panel and remaining perimeter gaskets located on the frame, a continuous gasket as described herein removes the joints formed by the multiple gasket pieces coming together as the door is closed and breaking when the door is open. Further, rather than have the gasket installed to the frame and threshold that create a seal to the door panel, attaching the continuous gasket to the door panel removes the need for the gasket to extend into the walk space of the door. Even if the gasket does not extend into the walk space of the door, placing the gasket in the area (e.g., on the threshold) where traffic moves through means that wheels (such as those on wheelchairs or carts) and feet could hit the threshold as objects move through the space, causing wear, and therefore reducing the quality and effectiveness, of the gasket. Further, the continuous gasket described herein has the additional benefit of working with regulatory (ADA) wheelchair accessibility standards, combining the benefits of a liquid-tight door system with the accessible compliant door systems. - Also, unlike some other vertically hinged door products, the door system described herein does not require the bottom gasket to move downward into place to seal to a horizontal ground surface or small vertically raised surface. In such other systems, this is often achieved by moving the entire door panel downward to create downward pressure on compression gaskets or by implementing inflatable gaskets that increase in size and expand downward to seal downward to a flush or low threshold. Inflatable gaskets often require methods of operation that include air compressors or latching such as spin knobs and/or locking dogs. Known drawbacks of inflatable gaskets include cost, maintenance requirements, lifespan, and potential for catastrophic failures.
- In accordance with the techniques and objects described herein, the continuous gaskets seal without the need for inflatable gaskets or the vertical movement of gaskets and/or the door panel. As such, the techniques and objects described herein provide an opening that meets low threshold dimensional requirements and overall height requirements, such as ADA wheelchair compliance standards or the United Kingdom equivalent (e.g., less than ¼ inch, ½ inch, ¾ inch, or 20 millimeters). The door described herein can act as a normal use door such as a typical pedestrian door for interior or exterior applications. The door described herein can also act as a passive flood barrier or manual flood barrier, depending on the type of lockset and door hardware.
- The thresholds and gasket systems described herein may be compatible with other threshold height requirements, as well. For instance, Finland, Germany, France, and the Netherlands all state they allow a maximum threshold height of 20 millimeters to be handicap-accessible. The United Kingdom has a maximum threshold height of 15 millimeters. Canada states a maximum threshold height of 13 millimeters, and the United States provides a maximum threshold height of ½ inch. The techniques and door systems described herein may be compatible with any of these requirements. Door thresholds may also be referred to as door sills and/or door saddles.
-
FIG. 6 illustratesgasket 638 attached todoor panel 618 and configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. As shown inFIG. 6 ,door panel 618 includesdry side panel 644, which may be situated on the side ofdoor panel 618 facing the environment that is to be protected from flood, spill, or other liquid conditions.Door panel 618 also includeswet side panel 642, which may be situated on the side ofdoor panel 618 facing the environment that potentially contains the liquid to be protected against. - In the example of
FIG. 6 , the edge ofdoor panel 618 hasdoor edge flange 640 that gasket 638 is attached to or located adjacent to.Gasket 638 may be made of any material suitably configured to provide the level of compression needed to create a liquid-tight seal, such as rubber, plastic, or any other resilient, waterproof material.Gasket 638 can be attached todoor panel 618 such that water cannot fill the inside ofdoor panel 618 and cause mold, mildew, saturate insulation, or cause corrosion.Gasket 638 can be positioned such that any liquid would encountergasket 638 before encountering any seams indoor panel 618. If water from flood waters penetrates the interior ofdoor panel 618, the water pressure can create additional stresses on the structure ofdoor panel 618, meaning that a more robust door panel structure is required.Gasket 638 reduces the need to manufacture a fully sealed door panel (often by seal welds, sealant, epoxy) to prevent liquid intrusion in the panel or further leakage through the entire barrier since the construction seams of the panel are not subjected to liquid pressure. - In some examples, liquid loads (e.g., hydrostatic, hydrodynamic and/or wave loading) on
door panel 618 can be transferred to the door frame by direct bearing of a region ofdoor panel 618 that is not at or directly adjacent to the gasket installation surface ofdoor panel 618. Some liquid loading is still resisted by the hinge and gasket compression forces, but most loading is transferred to the “door stop” surface (seestop surface 216 ofFIG. 2A ) of the frame from the structural panel structure.Door panel 618 can transfer loading to the door frame in a way that limits the amount of force or compression ongasket 638, thus limiting the force transferred to the gasket attachment surface to limit the structural requirements of the gasket attachment surface. In other words, the attachment ofgasket 638 to thedoor edge flange 640 ofdoor panel 618 allowsdoor edge flange 640 to be manufactured of a lighter duty material. In some instances,door edge flange 640 is created by a continuation of the wet side surface ofdoor panel 618. In some instances, the wet side ofdoor panel 618 is made of sheet metal and is extended outwardly fromdoor panel 618 to create the wet side ofdoor edge flange 640. In another example,door flange 640 can be created by hemming the portion of sheet metal extending from the edges ofdoor panel 618 to createdoor edge flange 640 with a smooth, radiused edge. In instances where the full water loads ofdoor panel 618 are transferred throughdoor edge flange 640,door edge flange 640 should be made much more structural, which may be less economical and less aesthetically acceptable for applications where the door system must perform as a pedestrian door. -
Gasket 638 can be installed ondoor edge flange 640 of the door that is recessed fromdry side panel 644 so thatdoor edge flange 640 us more protected from damage and more aesthetically pleasing. In the case of fire-rated doors, the recessed nature ofgasket 638 may make the doors more likely to pass the UL10C fire test criteria by preventing exposed flaming of the gaskets to the non-fire side of the door panel. As the door swings closed, the location ofgasket 638 close to thewet side panel 642 allowsgasket 638 to move at a more perpendicular movement towards the opposing frame sealing surface of the door frame. This allows better forward compression ofgasket 638 rather thangasket 638 rolling or sliding into position laterally. The hinge pivot position additionally contributes to this function. - In the case of gaskets that have a bulb-type closed section profile (e.g., the gasket is hollow in center), all or portions of
gasket 638 can optionally be fabricated withholes 670 through the core wall ofgasket 638 and allow air or water to move freely from the wet-side ofgasket 638 to the inner hollow core ofgasket 638.Holes 670 can be along the length of gasket 638 (e.g., 6 inches on center, 9 inches on center, 12 inches on center, or any other spacing) or can be in the form of a single or multiple holes (e.g., a slit, a notch, an open end of gasket, or any other means of allowing passage of liquid freely from inside and out of the gasket hollow core to the “wet-side” of a liquid barrier door). This allows flood water to enter the inside ofgasket 638 and exert hydrostatic pressure (equivalent to the flood water depth hydrostatic pressure) on the inside ofgasket 638 towards the opposing frame sealing surface. - If a gasket design has a bulb-type profile (the gasket is hollow in the middle), then holes drilled through the gasket wall into the hollow core can allow water to enter the hollow core of the gasket. The water pressure can press the gasket onto its sealing surface. The bulb-type gasket can have more lateral stability when loaded by water and better forming characteristics when installing around corners of a door panel (e.g., less puckering). When liquid fills the hollow core of a bulb-type gasket through the holes, that liquid can neutralize the pressure applied by liquid outside the gasket's hollow core, which can significantly reduce crushing or crumpling. When a door panel is being closed for the purpose of acting as a liquid barrier, the gasket may allow air to escape from its hollow internal core through the vent holes when it is compressed between the door and frame, which allows the gasket to achieve more initial compression deflection. Initial gasket compression is generally achieved by the swinging momentum of a door that compresses the gasket and automatically latches into the closed position or by a manual method of engaging latching that creates initial gasket compression by drawing the door closer to the frame such as spin-knob latches, or quarter-turn latches. Initial gasket compression is the compression of the gasket that is required to allow the door to act as a liquid containment barrier prior to liquid loads further compressing the door panel into the door frame. Initial gasket compression is one of the largest challenges of creating a liquid-tight door when latching methods are limited to standard commercial door closers and locksets, where the door swing momentum must compress gasketing and latch the door closed without additional human intervention (e.g., creating a “passive” flood barrier).
- Gaskets can take various forms. As noted, the gasket can be a bulb-type design. In some instances, the gasket can be solid, with no hollow core. In some examples, the gasket can be made of dense rubber or foam. Gaskets can be extruded to have various cross-sectional profiles.
-
FIG. 7 illustrates a door system that includesdoor panel 718,gasket 738, andthreshold 736, each configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.Door panel 718 may be similar to any of, and may be constructed of a similar material as, any ofdoor panels FIG. 7 ,door panel 718 includesdoor edge flange 740 that extends from the edges ofdoor panel 718.Gasket 738 can be attached todoor edge flange 740 or attached todoor panel 718 in a way that allowsgasket 738 to be located adjacent to dooredge flange 740. -
Threshold 736 is attached to a floor surface viaframe base 712, which provides the template fordrilling anchor bolts 730 throughthreshold 736 andframe base 712 and into the floor surface. In this way,threshold 736 is secured to the floor surface and providesthreshold sealing surface 746 for the purpose of creating the liquid-tight seal. For instance, whendoor panel 718 is in the closed position,gasket 738 comes into contact with and exerts force onthreshold sealing surface 746 abovethreshold base 748, as well as the frame sealing surfaces of the door frame. This continuous area of contact with adequate pressure creates the liquid-tight seal in accordance with the techniques of this disclosure.Threshold sealing surface 746 can be any portion ofthreshold 736. In many examples, there may be a clear demarcation betweenthreshold base 748 andthreshold sealing surface 746. In other examples,threshold sealing surface 746 will be part ofthreshold base 748. -
Threshold 736 may be made of any material durable to handle foot traffic, wheel traffic, or any other traffic that may pass overthreshold 736. For instance,threshold 736 may be made of aluminum, but may also be made of any other suitable material, such as wood, plastic, rubber, or any combination thereof.Threshold 736 may also include ribs or grooves, to increase the friction ofthreshold 736 and to reduce any slipping that may occur from stepping onthreshold 736. -
FIGS. 8A-8B illustrate a door system that includes adoor panel 818, acontinuous gasket 838, and athreshold 836, each configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.Gasket 838 anddoor panel 818 may be installed as part of a door system as described elsewhere in this disclosure, such as the door systems ofFIGS. 1-7 . As such, reference may be made to the door systems ofFIGS. 1-7 in describing the environment in which gasket 838 anddoor panel 818 are installed. - In each of
FIGS. 8A-8B ,door panel 818, similar to previous door panels described herein, includesdry side panel 844 andwet side panel 846.Door panel 818 also includesdoor edge flange 840, which gasket 838 is attached to.Threshold 836 is attached tofloor surface 808 viasealant 850 andanchor bolt 830.Anchor bolt 830 is threaded throughthreshold 836 andframe base 812 to secure each ofthreshold 836 andframe base 812 tofloor surface 808.Threshold 836 providesthreshold sealing surface 866 for the purpose of creating the liquid-tight seal. For instance, whendoor panel 818 is in the closed position,gasket 838 comes into contact with and exerts force onthreshold sealing surface 866 abovethreshold base 848, as well as the frame sealing surfaces of the door frame. This continuous area of contact with adequate pressure creates the liquid-tight seal in accordance with the techniques of this disclosure. - In accordance with the techniques described herein, a pedestrian door system includes
door frame 100 comprisingframe strike side 402,frame hinge side 404, andframe sealing surface 214 that extends at least partially up each offrame strike side 402 andframe hinge side 404. In other words,frame sealing surface 214 is a bottom portion offrame strike side 402 andframe hinge side 404 that starts at the bottommost edge offrame strike side 402 andframe hinge side 404 and extends upwards to the level at which the door system is intended to provide a liquid-tight seal. This may be some number of inches, feet, or the entirety offrame strike side 402 andframe hinge side 404. - The pedestrian door system also includes
threshold 836 configured to extend betweenframe strike side 402 andframe hinge side 404.Threshold 836 includesthreshold base 848 configured to be secured tofloor surface 808 andthreshold sealing surface 866. In some instances,threshold 836 has anoverall height 856 from thefloor surface 808 to the uppermost surface of the threshold 836 (irrespective of any beveled edges) of no greater than 20 millimeters. In other instances,threshold 836 may have anoverall height 856 that is greater than or less than 20 millimeters.Threshold 836 may have anoverall height 856 that is no greater than ¾ inch. In other instances,threshold 836 may have anoverall height 856 of no greater than ½ inch. In still other instances,threshold sealing surface 866 may extend upwardly fromthreshold base 848 by avertical distance 854 of no greater than ¼ inch.Threshold sealing surface 866 may either extend vertically fromthreshold base 848 or at a sloped angle. - In some instances,
threshold 836 may be configured to reduce tripping hazards and make wheelchair access easier by having a sloped or tapered profile (e.g.,FIG. 8B ). In some examples, the upper corners ofthreshold 836 may be rounded, beveled, or sloped at a certain ratio to create a gradual transition for traffic passing perpendicularly over the threshold. - In some instances, all portions of
threshold 836 that extend more than a predetermined height (e.g., ¼ inch) abovefloor surface 808 may have a rise:run ratio or maximum slope ratio such that the upper portion ofthreshold 836 does not rise too steeply and pose a tripping hazard or impede wheelchair traffic. In instances where portions ofthreshold 836 that extend more than the predetermined height above floor surface 808 (e.g., greater than ¼ inch) are not beveled, the surfaces can be set back from the lower adjacent surface ofthreshold 836 so that the outermost profile of the threshold does not rise any steeper than a certain slope. Referring tothreshold sealing surface 866 inFIG. 8A , the rise is shown asvertical distance 854, and the run is shown ashorizontal distance 860. In many instances, the rise:run ratio (e.g., the ratio ofvertical distance 854 to horizontal distance 860) can be no greater than 1:2. - In some instances, the overall height of
threshold 836 can be vertically adjustable. For example, during installation of the door system, shims 837 inthreshold 836 can be positioned underthreshold 836 to account for uneven floors. Vertical adjustment ofthreshold 836 may also ensure precise alignment ofgasket 838 andthreshold 836 to ensure proper gasket compression and overlap on threshold sealing surface 866 (e.g., ¼ inch surface) ofthreshold 836.Door panel 818 ordoor frame 100 can be adjusted vertically to enable precise positioning ofgasket 838 ontothreshold 836. The door system can optionally use commercial door hardware to allow the door system to function as a pedestrian door, or the door system can use custom or non-typical latching to securedoor panel 818 into the closed position. - The door system may further include additional gaskets positioned elsewhere on
door frame 100 and/orthreshold 836 in order to further improve the seal provided bygasket 838. For instance,frame sealing surface 214 offrame strike side 402 andframe hinge side 404 ofdoor frame 100 may include a frame gasket, and/orthreshold sealing surface 866 ofthreshold 836 may include a threshold gasket. - In some example door systems disclosed herein, the threshold may not need to comply with the handicap accessible standards discussed elsewhere herein. For various reasons, such thresholds need not qualify as low thresholds for purposes of such regulations. In some such examples, the door system may be a cutout in a wall, and the
threshold 836 may be secured to the lower edge of the cutout. - In the example of
FIG. 8A ,threshold sealing surface 866 is shown as a flat sealing surface, creating approximately a right angle (e.g., between 85 and 95 degrees) withfloor surface 808. In some examples,threshold sealing surface 866 may form a different angle withfloor surface 808. For instance, in the example ofFIG. 8B ,threshold sealing surface 866 is shown with a sloped surface. In other examples, the threshold may be rounded, crowned, ribbed, or formed in any other suitable shape. - The pedestrian door system also includes door panel 818 (which may be similar to
door panel 318 ofFIG. 3 ), which includes panelbottom side 820,panel strike side 322,panel hinge side 324, andgasket 838.Gasket 838 extends continuously along panelbottom side 820 and at least partially up each ofpanel strike side 322 andpanel hinge side 324. In some instances,gasket 838 may extend between 3 feet and 8 feet up each ofpanel strike side 322 andpanel hinge side 324.Gasket 838 may be either a one-piece gasket or multiple gasket segments contacting one another (e.g., bonded together).Gasket 838 may also be a bulb-type gasket with holes defined in a wet side wall of the continuous gasket. In such examples, the holes ingasket 838 are configured to receive liquid and/or air into an interior space withingasket 838. In some configurations, the gasket ends may not be open in the contained liquid. The gasket ends may be closed, or the open gasket ends may be above the contained liquid. In these configurations, the gasket interior is accessible only through the holes. - In instances in which gasket 838 is a bulb-type gasket with holes defined in the wet side wall, the
gasket 838 may be attached to the door frame and threshold rather than to thedoor panel 818.Gasket 838 may be attached to the door frame along the frame sealing surface and to the threshold along thethreshold sealing surface 866. In such instances,gasket 838 may also be continuous. - As shown in
FIGS. 8A and 8B ,door panel 818 consists of a main panel anddoor edge flange 840. In such instances,door edge flange 840 extends outwardly fromdoor panel 818. The amount thatdoor edge flange 840 extends fromdoor panel 818 may vary, as may the thickness ofdoor edge flange 840.Gasket 838 is then located adjacent to dooredge flange 840, such as by being connected todoor edge flange 840 or by being installed within a small distance fromdoor edge flange 840 on panel bottom side 320 (e.g., within 5 millimeters). -
Door panel 818 may includedry side panel 844 andwet side panel 846. In such instances,door edge flange 840 may extend outwardly fromwet side panel 846.Door edge flange 840 may extend toward dry side panel 844 (e.g., less than 15% of the distance fromwet side panel 846 todry side panel 844, more than 50% of the distance fromwet side panel 846 todry side panel 844, etc.). In some examples,door edge flange 840 may extend outwardly fromdoor panel 818, not atwet side panel 846, but somewhere betweendry side panel 844 and wet side panel 846 (e.g., midway betweendry side panel 844 and wet side panel 846).Gasket 838 may then extend fromdoor edge flange 840 towarddry side panel 844 ofdoor panel 818. When flood water is pressing againstwet side panel 846,dry side panel 844 presses against the stop surface of the door frame. That reduces forces ondoor edge flange 840 so thatdoor edge flange 840 can be constructed in a less robust manner. For example,wet side panel 846 may comprise a sheet of metal that is hemmed to createdoor edge flange 840. -
FIGS. 9A-9C show adoor hinge 902 that can be used in illustrative pedestrian door systems.Door panel 918 includesdoor edge flange 940, which gasket 938 is attached to.Gasket 938 may be a bulb-type gasket, which includeshollow space 966.Threshold 936 is attached to a floor surface andframe base 912 withanchor bolt 930. - The door system described herein may use a custom aluminum geared hinge that fastens to the frame and the wet-side face of the door panel.
Door hinge 902 can be a geared hinge configured to hingedly couplepanel hinge side 920 ofdoor panel 918 to framehinge side 904 of the door frame. In some examples, the door hinge can be a piano hinge, a barrel hinge, or other suitable hinge. Thedoor hinge 902 facilitates hinged movement ofdoor panel 918 relative to the door frame between an open position and a closed position. Whendoor panel 918 is in the closed position,gasket 938 is positioned betweenpanel sealing surface 919 ofdoor panel 918 andframe sealing surface 914 of frame strike side andframe hinge side 904 of the door frame to create a liquid-tight seal. Whendoor panel 918 is in the closed position,gasket 938 is also positioned between the panel sealing surface (819 ofFIG. 8A ) and the threshold sealing surface (866 ofFIG. 8A ) of the threshold (836 ofFIG. 8A ) to create a liquid-tight seal. - In some instances, the
door hinge 902 has ahinge leaf 958 that extends beyonddoor edge flange 940 and attaches todoor panel 918. Thishinge leaf 958 may also be a flexible hinge leaf.Door hinge 902 may be configured to facilitate hinged movement ofdoor panel 918 relative to the door frame about a hinge axis (vertical) that is located outwardly from an outermost extent ofdoor panel 918 by a particular distance. In some examples, that hinge offset 960 may be at least ⅝ inch.Door hinge 902 can be a surface mount hinge or a geared hinge or other hinge that fastens towet side panel 946 and awet side 948 of the door frame. The stationary portion ofdoor hinge 902 may be attached to the wet side of door frame, and thehinge leaf 958 may extend some distance (generally parallel to the surface of door panel 918). The length and orientation of thehinge leaf 958 may allow liquid pressure ondoor panel 918 to deflectdoor panel 918 further into the door frame to increase compression ofgasket 938 compression and can allowdry side panel 944 to contact thestop surface 916.Hinge leaf 958 may extend beyonddoor edge flange 940 so that hinge fasteners can be attached to the main door structure ofdoor panel 918 rather than todoor edge flange 940. -
Door hinge 902 may be configured to facilitate hinged movement ofdoor panel 918 relative to the door frame abouthinge pivot 962.Hinge pivot 962 is located in a position such that, asdoor panel 918 moves into the closed position,gasket 938 moves more perpendicularly to frame sealingsurface 914. Ifhinge pivot 962 were located closer togasket 938,gasket 938 may roll intoframe sealing surface 914 or compress laterally intoframe sealing surface 914 rather than in being pressed ontoframe sealing surface 914.Hinge pivot 962 may have a vertical axis. - The process of moving
door panel 918 from the closed position to the open position is shown in the sequence ofFIGS. 9A-9C . In the example ofFIG. 9A ,door panel 918 is in the closed position. In some examples, whendoor panel 918 is in the closed position, thewet side 950 ofdoor edge flange 940 andwet side panel 946 may be within 1/16 inch of flush withwet side 948 of the door frame. InFIG. 9B ,door panel 918 begins to open ashinge leaf 958 anddoor panel 918 rotate aroundhinge pivot 962. InFIG. 9C ,door panel 918 is in the open position, withhinge pivot 962 extendingdoor panel 918 away from the frame, protecting the frame andgasket 938. Looking atFIG. 9C , thenFIG. 9B , thenFIG. 9A showsdoor panel 918 swinging into the closed position. - When
door panel 918 is in the closed position, theflexible hinge leaf 958 is configured to allow movement ofdoor panel 918 relative to the door frame (perpendicular to door panel surface) when pressure is applied towet side panel 946. This is particularly advantageous at the hinge-side of the door system where this feature allows additional gasket compression to be achieved with increasing amounts of pressure ondoor panel 918. - In some instances, the door frame includes
stop surface 916 that is separate fromframe sealing surface 914. In such instances, whendoor panel 918 is in a closed position,dry side panel 944 is adjacent to stopsurface 916. As liquid presses onwet side panel 946,dry side panel 944 presses againststop surface 916. Such pressures need not be borne by the door edge flange or by the hinge components, which is beneficial in examples involving a more rigid hinge (e.g., a butt hinge). - Example door systems include door hinges that allow for hinged movement of the door panel relative to the door frame between open and closed positions. In some instances, the door hinge may be configured to hingedly couple a side of the door panel to the door frame. In such instances, the door panel may move between open and closed positions about a vertical hinge axis. In some instances, the door hinge may be configured to hingedly couple the bottom of the door panel to the door frame. In such instances, the door panel may move between open and closed positions about a horizontal hinge axis.
-
FIG. 10 illustrates gearedhinge 1064 anddoor frame 1000 of a door system configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. The length, material, and thickness ofhinge leaf 1058 that extends ontowet side panel 1044 is designed so that liquid pressure on the door can flex the hinge material so that the door system is able to achieve increased gasket compression as liquid levels rise higher on the door.Hinge pivot 1062 and hingeleaf 1058 can rebound after flood conditions recede without resulting in permanent deflection or damage to gearedhinge 1064. - The pedestrian door system may also be a double door system.
FIG. 11 illustrates a door system that includes twodoor panels center post 1170, anddoor frame 1100, each configured in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. Each ofdoor panels -
Door frame 1100 may include openings for each ofdoor panels Door frame 1100 may comprise frame strike sides on each side ofcenter post 1170.Door frame 1100 may include firstframe hinge side 1126A, and a first frame sealing surface that extends at least partially up each of the first side ofcenter post 1170 and firstframe hinge side 1126A.Door frame 1100 may also include secondframe hinge side 1126B and a second frame sealing surface that extends at least partially up each of another side ofcenter post 1170 and secondframe hinge side 1126B. - The door system may include two thresholds with characteristics like those of other thresholds described herein. The door system may include
first threshold 1136A, which extends between the first side ofcenter post 1170 and firstframe hinge side 1126A.First threshold 1136A includes a base configured to be secured to a floor surface and a threshold sealing surface. The door system can includesecond threshold 1136B configured to extend betweencenter post 1170 and secondframe hinge side 1126B, withsecond threshold 1136B having dimensions like those offirst threshold 1136A. - As noted,
first door panel 1118A andsecond door panel 1118B may be similar to other door panels described herein.First door panel 1118A may include firstpanel bottom side 1120A, firstpanel strike side 1122A, firstpanel hinge side 1124A, and a continuous gasket extending continuously along firstpanel bottom side 1120A and at least partially up each of firstpanel strike side 1122A and firstpanel hinge side 1124A.Second door panel 1118B may include secondpanel bottom side 1120B, secondpanel strike side 1122B, secondpanel hinge side 1124B, and a second continuous gasket extending continuously along secondpanel bottom side 1120B and at least partially up each of secondpanel strike side 1122B and secondpanel hinge side 1124B. - The door system may include first and second hinges. The first hinge may be configured to hingedly couple first
panel hinge side 1124A offirst door panel 1118A to firstframe hinge side 1126A ofdoor frame 1100. The first door hinge can facilitate hinged movementfirst door panel 1118A relative todoor frame 1100 between an open position and a first closed position. When in the first closed position, the continuous gasket offirst door panel 1118A seals against the frame sealing surface ofdoor frame 1100 and against the threshold sealing surface of the threshold in a liquid-tight manner. The second hinge may be configured to hingedly couple secondpanel hinge side 1124B ofsecond door panel 1118B to secondframe hinge side 1126B ofdoor frame 1100. The second door hinge can facilitate hinged movement ofsecond door panel 1118B relative todoor frame 1100 between a second open position and a second closed position. When in the second closed position, the continuous gasket ofsecond door panel 1118B seals against the second frame sealing surface ofdoor frame 1100 in a liquid-tight manner. - It is to be recognized that depending on the example, certain acts or events of any of the techniques described herein can be performed in a different sequence, may be added, merged, or left out altogether (e.g., not all described acts or events are necessary for the practice of the techniques). Various examples of the disclosure have been described. Any combination of the described systems, operations, or functions is contemplated. These and other examples are within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (21)
1. A pedestrian door system comprising:
a door frame comprising a frame strike side, a frame hinge side, and a frame sealing surface that extends at least partially up each of the frame strike side and the frame hinge side;
a threshold configured to extend between the frame strike side and the frame hinge side, the threshold including a base configured to be secured to a floor surface and a threshold sealing surface, wherein the threshold has an overall height of no greater than ½ inch;
a door panel comprising a panel bottom side, a panel strike side, a panel hinge side, and a continuous gasket extending continuously along the panel bottom side and at least partially up each of the panel strike side and the panel hinge side; and
a door hinge configured to hingedly couple the panel hinge side of the door panel to the frame hinge side of the door frame and to facilitate hinged movement of the door panel relative to the door frame between an open position and a closed position in which the continuous gasket of the door panel seals against the frame sealing surface of the door frame and against the threshold sealing surface of the threshold in a liquid-tight manner.
2. The pedestrian door system of claim 1 ,
wherein the door frame further comprises a frame top side, and the frame sealing surface extends along an entirety of the frame strike side, the frame top side, and the frame hinge side, and
wherein the door panel further comprises a panel top side, and the continuous gasket extends continuously along the entirety of the panel strike side, the panel top side, the panel hinge side, and the panel bottom side.
3. The pedestrian door system of claim 1 , wherein the continuous gasket extends between 3 feet and 8 feet up each of the panel strike side and the panel hinge side.
4. The pedestrian door system of claim 1 , wherein all portions of the threshold configured to extend at least ¼ inch above the floor surface have a rise:run ratio of no greater than 1:2.
5. The pedestrian door system of claim 1 , wherein the threshold sealing surface extends upwardly from the base by a vertical distance of no greater than ¼ inch.
6. The pedestrian door system of claim 5 , wherein the threshold sealing surface extends vertically from the base.
7. The pedestrian door system of claim 1 , wherein the overall height of the threshold is vertically adjustable.
8. The pedestrian door system of claim 1 , wherein the door panel further comprises a main panel and a door edge flange, the door edge flange extending outwardly from the main panel, wherein the continuous gasket is located adjacent to the door edge flange.
9. The pedestrian door system of claim 8 , wherein the main panel includes a dry side and a wet side, the door edge flange extending outwardly from the wet side of the main panel, and the continuous gasket extending from the door edge flange toward the dry side of the main panel.
10. The pedestrian door system of claim 9 , wherein the door edge flange includes a wet side, and wherein the wet side of the door edge flange and the wet side of the main panel form a continuous, uninterrupted planar surface.
11. The pedestrian door system of claim 10 , wherein the wet side of the main panel comprises a sheet of metal that is hemmed to create the door edge flange.
12. The pedestrian door system of claim 9 , wherein the wet side of the door edge flange and the wet side of the main panel are within 1/16 inch of flush with a wet side of the door frame when the door panel is in the closed position.
13. The pedestrian door system of claim 8 , wherein the door frame comprises a stop surface that is separate from the frame sealing surface, and wherein a dry side of the door panel is adjacent to the stop surface when the door panel is in the closed position.
14. The pedestrian door system of claim 8 , wherein the door hinge comprises a hinge leaf that extends beyond the door edge flange and attaches to the main panel.
15. The pedestrian door system of claim 1 , wherein the door hinge comprises a flexible hinge leaf.
16. The pedestrian door system of claim 1 , wherein the continuous gasket comprises a one-piece gasket.
17. The pedestrian door system of claim 1 , wherein the continuous gasket comprises multiple gasket segments contacting one another.
18. The pedestrian door system of claim 1 , wherein no gasket is attached to the threshold sealing surface.
19. The pedestrian door system of claim 1 , wherein the continuous gasket comprises a bulb-type gasket with holes defined in a wet side wall of the continuous gasket, the holes being configured to receive liquid and/or air into an interior space within the bulb-type gasket.
20. The pedestrian door system of claim 1 , wherein the door hinge is configured to facilitate hinged movement of the door panel relative to the door frame about a hinge axis that is located outwardly from an outermost extent of the door panel by at least ⅝ inch.
21.-33. (canceled)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US18/298,170 US20230243209A1 (en) | 2020-06-25 | 2023-04-10 | Liquid containment door with continuous gasket |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US16/911,578 US20210404245A1 (en) | 2020-06-25 | 2020-06-25 | Liquid containment door with continuous gasket |
US18/298,170 US20230243209A1 (en) | 2020-06-25 | 2023-04-10 | Liquid containment door with continuous gasket |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US16/911,578 Continuation US20210404245A1 (en) | 2020-06-25 | 2020-06-25 | Liquid containment door with continuous gasket |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20230243209A1 true US20230243209A1 (en) | 2023-08-03 |
Family
ID=77022243
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US16/911,578 Abandoned US20210404245A1 (en) | 2020-06-25 | 2020-06-25 | Liquid containment door with continuous gasket |
US18/298,170 Pending US20230243209A1 (en) | 2020-06-25 | 2023-04-10 | Liquid containment door with continuous gasket |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US16/911,578 Abandoned US20210404245A1 (en) | 2020-06-25 | 2020-06-25 | Liquid containment door with continuous gasket |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20210404245A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021263078A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11473366B2 (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2022-10-18 | Gaven Industries, Inc. | HEMP shielded sliding door system and method |
Citations (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1750631A (en) * | 1926-11-18 | 1930-03-18 | Kawneer Co | Closure |
US2108137A (en) * | 1936-04-18 | 1938-02-15 | Philip R Oftedal | Threshold |
US3055969A (en) * | 1960-04-13 | 1962-09-25 | Ace Engineering And Machine Co | Door construction for shielded room |
US3603035A (en) * | 1969-05-01 | 1971-09-07 | Maytag Co | Dishwasher door seal |
US3851420A (en) * | 1973-01-26 | 1974-12-03 | Schlegel Mfg Co | Door and threshhold weatherseal system |
US4441278A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1984-04-10 | The Presray Corporation | Mounting for endless sealing strips |
US4807396A (en) * | 1987-02-18 | 1989-02-28 | Heikkinen Kevin A | Sealing assembly |
US6219971B1 (en) * | 1998-07-13 | 2001-04-24 | Endura Products, Inc. | Jamb and threshold assembly with watertight seals |
US6289635B1 (en) * | 1999-09-22 | 2001-09-18 | Endura Products, Inc. | Continuous handicap threshold assembly with dual dams and selectively positionable sidelight cap |
US20020069589A1 (en) * | 2000-09-15 | 2002-06-13 | Bennett Joel S. | Leak resistant entryway assembly with anti-wicking weather strips |
US20040250477A1 (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2004-12-16 | Butcher Henry Louis | Weather protector kit |
US20070227076A1 (en) * | 2006-04-04 | 2007-10-04 | Therma-Tru Corp. | Entry system with water infiltration barrier |
US20080010904A1 (en) * | 2006-07-17 | 2008-01-17 | Meeks James W | Corner pad for a door assembly |
US20100325982A1 (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2010-12-30 | David Bogenhagen | Accessible Sill with Flexible Dam for Water Containment and Drainage |
US7877940B2 (en) * | 2007-07-24 | 2011-02-01 | Quanex Corporation | Entryway for disposition in a door opening of a building |
US8813427B2 (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2014-08-26 | Quanex Corporation | Threshold assembly having a rail and a drainage element |
US9341018B2 (en) * | 2009-04-21 | 2016-05-17 | Ronald M. Helton | Combined flood proof door and window |
US9624716B2 (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2017-04-18 | Endura Products, Inc. | Multi-layer sealing spacer for entryway components |
US20170234060A1 (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2017-08-17 | Jeld-Wen, Inc. | Sill with detachable water drainage trough for high differential pressure performance |
US20200011127A1 (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2020-01-09 | Elizabeth Fernandez-Cuervo | Temporary water barrier to prevent flooding through residential and commercial doors |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2060608A (en) * | 1934-08-21 | 1936-11-10 | Budd Edward G Mfg Co | Door construction |
US2440764A (en) * | 1944-04-06 | 1948-05-04 | William G Wilson | Watertight door |
US5095657A (en) * | 1990-10-26 | 1992-03-17 | Marsh Richard B | Door seal |
ATE273431T1 (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2004-08-15 | Thyssen Polymer Gmbh | DOOR THRESHOLD ARRANGEMENT |
DE102008023500A1 (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2009-05-28 | Inge Frey | Door e.g. outer door, for use in building, has additional floor seal arranged on side of leaf pointing horizontal to floor and/or floor barrier, pointed downwards to side provided in inner area and viewed in installation direction |
DE102012106345B4 (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2015-02-26 | Hörmann KG Eckelhausen | Method for producing a front door leaf and front door leaf produced therewith |
EP2915941A1 (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2015-09-09 | VEGA S.r.l. | Reinforced door |
US10337239B2 (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2019-07-02 | Gregory A. Header | High performance fenestration system |
-
2020
- 2020-06-25 US US16/911,578 patent/US20210404245A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2021
- 2021-06-25 WO PCT/US2021/039040 patent/WO2021263078A1/en active Application Filing
-
2023
- 2023-04-10 US US18/298,170 patent/US20230243209A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1750631A (en) * | 1926-11-18 | 1930-03-18 | Kawneer Co | Closure |
US2108137A (en) * | 1936-04-18 | 1938-02-15 | Philip R Oftedal | Threshold |
US3055969A (en) * | 1960-04-13 | 1962-09-25 | Ace Engineering And Machine Co | Door construction for shielded room |
US3603035A (en) * | 1969-05-01 | 1971-09-07 | Maytag Co | Dishwasher door seal |
US3851420A (en) * | 1973-01-26 | 1974-12-03 | Schlegel Mfg Co | Door and threshhold weatherseal system |
US4441278A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1984-04-10 | The Presray Corporation | Mounting for endless sealing strips |
US4807396A (en) * | 1987-02-18 | 1989-02-28 | Heikkinen Kevin A | Sealing assembly |
US6219971B1 (en) * | 1998-07-13 | 2001-04-24 | Endura Products, Inc. | Jamb and threshold assembly with watertight seals |
US6289635B1 (en) * | 1999-09-22 | 2001-09-18 | Endura Products, Inc. | Continuous handicap threshold assembly with dual dams and selectively positionable sidelight cap |
US20020069589A1 (en) * | 2000-09-15 | 2002-06-13 | Bennett Joel S. | Leak resistant entryway assembly with anti-wicking weather strips |
US20040250477A1 (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2004-12-16 | Butcher Henry Louis | Weather protector kit |
US20070227076A1 (en) * | 2006-04-04 | 2007-10-04 | Therma-Tru Corp. | Entry system with water infiltration barrier |
US20080010904A1 (en) * | 2006-07-17 | 2008-01-17 | Meeks James W | Corner pad for a door assembly |
US7877940B2 (en) * | 2007-07-24 | 2011-02-01 | Quanex Corporation | Entryway for disposition in a door opening of a building |
US9341018B2 (en) * | 2009-04-21 | 2016-05-17 | Ronald M. Helton | Combined flood proof door and window |
US20100325982A1 (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2010-12-30 | David Bogenhagen | Accessible Sill with Flexible Dam for Water Containment and Drainage |
US8813427B2 (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2014-08-26 | Quanex Corporation | Threshold assembly having a rail and a drainage element |
US9624716B2 (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2017-04-18 | Endura Products, Inc. | Multi-layer sealing spacer for entryway components |
US20170234060A1 (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2017-08-17 | Jeld-Wen, Inc. | Sill with detachable water drainage trough for high differential pressure performance |
US20200011127A1 (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2020-01-09 | Elizabeth Fernandez-Cuervo | Temporary water barrier to prevent flooding through residential and commercial doors |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2021263078A1 (en) | 2021-12-30 |
US20210404245A1 (en) | 2021-12-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6871448B1 (en) | Apparatus moving with a sliding door to provide an unobstructed passageway and to seal a notch within a watertight barrier | |
US8191313B2 (en) | Sash windows | |
US6826867B1 (en) | Sliding door assembly | |
US8276320B2 (en) | Method of and system for sealing an entry | |
CA2281072C (en) | Blow-out prevention mechanism for windows | |
US8220846B2 (en) | Latch for tiltable sash windows | |
US20230243209A1 (en) | Liquid containment door with continuous gasket | |
US5487243A (en) | Storm shutter system | |
US20050120631A1 (en) | Astragal with self positioning seal | |
MXPA02006726A (en) | Adjustable door with sealed threshold, hinge and frame. | |
GB2521932A (en) | A locking device | |
US20050193784A1 (en) | Locking astragal with self positioning seal | |
US20050120630A1 (en) | Locking astragal | |
US9127505B2 (en) | Plate for protecting door edge adjacent hardware | |
US20210285285A1 (en) | Security Screen Mounting System and Method Therefor | |
US20190203521A1 (en) | Astragal assembly | |
US20060101736A1 (en) | Door structure for avoiding from confinement and door altering member therefore | |
US10060178B2 (en) | Window and door sill, jamb and head construction and related method | |
US6588154B1 (en) | Swing in security and escape window | |
US10358866B2 (en) | Floodgate | |
GB2567688A (en) | Flood barrier gate | |
US20110265386A1 (en) | Improvements in relation to doorsills | |
CA2289789C (en) | Reinforcing members for tilting sash type window system | |
GB2357109A (en) | Domestic flood barrier | |
CA2998775C (en) | Astragal and sealing for the same |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: PS INDUSTRIES INCORPORATED, NORTH DAKOTA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SATROM, JAMES;ROSE, CHAD JOSEPH;UELAND, NATHAN JOEL;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:064012/0728 Effective date: 20200825 |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: NON FINAL ACTION MAILED |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: RESPONSE TO NON-FINAL OFFICE ACTION ENTERED AND FORWARDED TO EXAMINER |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: FINAL REJECTION MAILED |