US20230219072A1 - Platinum complexes having benzyl-based diphosphine ligands for the catalysis of the alkoxycarbonylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds - Google Patents
Platinum complexes having benzyl-based diphosphine ligands for the catalysis of the alkoxycarbonylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds Download PDFInfo
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- US20230219072A1 US20230219072A1 US18/180,213 US202318180213A US2023219072A1 US 20230219072 A1 US20230219072 A1 US 20230219072A1 US 202318180213 A US202318180213 A US 202318180213A US 2023219072 A1 US2023219072 A1 US 2023219072A1
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- platinum
- butene
- ethylenically unsaturated
- alkyl
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 238000007083 alkoxycarbonylation reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- VURFVHCLMJOLKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphane Chemical compound PP VURFVHCLMJOLKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 150000003057 platinum Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L platinum dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Pt]Cl CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- VEJOYRPGKZZTJW-FDGPNNRMSA-N (z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;platinum Chemical compound [Pt].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O VEJOYRPGKZZTJW-FDGPNNRMSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbut-2-ene Chemical compound CC=C(C)C BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ARJAWSKDSA-N cis-but-2-ene Chemical compound C\C=C/C IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ONEGZZNKSA-N trans-but-2-ene Chemical compound C\C=C\C IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WGLLSSPDPJPLOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbut-2-ene Chemical group CC(C)=C(C)C WGLLSSPDPJPLOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylene hexane Natural products CCCCCC=C ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AQIXEPGDORPWBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-ol Chemical compound CCC(O)CC AQIXEPGDORPWBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QCSGLAMXZCLSJW-UHFFFAOYSA-L platinum(2+);diacetate Chemical compound [Pt+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O QCSGLAMXZCLSJW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- QMMOXUPEWRXHJS-HWKANZROSA-N (e)-pent-2-ene Chemical compound CC\C=C\C QMMOXUPEWRXHJS-HWKANZROSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QMMOXUPEWRXHJS-HYXAFXHYSA-N (z)-pent-2-ene Chemical compound CC\C=C/C QMMOXUPEWRXHJS-HYXAFXHYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MHNNAWXXUZQSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbut-1-ene Chemical compound CCC(C)=C MHNNAWXXUZQSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YHQXBTXEYZIYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbut-1-ene Chemical compound CC(C)C=C YHQXBTXEYZIYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QMMOXUPEWRXHJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene-2 Natural products CCC=CC QMMOXUPEWRXHJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 tent-butanol Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 3
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ILPBINAXDRFYPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octene Chemical compound CCCCCC=CC ILPBINAXDRFYPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MYDYJYREWLWDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-L C(C=CC1=CC=CC=C1)[Pt](Cl)Cl Chemical compound C(C=CC1=CC=CC=C1)[Pt](Cl)Cl MYDYJYREWLWDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NSWGBUVHSQEDRN-UHFFFAOYSA-L acetonitrile;platinum(2+);dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Pt+2].CC#N.CC#N NSWGBUVHSQEDRN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WMKGGPCROCCUDY-PHEQNACWSA-N dibenzylideneacetone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WMKGGPCROCCUDY-PHEQNACWSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VVAOPCKKNIUEEU-PHFPKPIQSA-L dichloro(cycloocta-1,5-diene)platinum(ii) Chemical compound Cl[Pt]Cl.C\1C\C=C/CC\C=C/1 VVAOPCKKNIUEEU-PHFPKPIQSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 11
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000006738 (C6-C20) heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004400 (C1-C12) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004209 (C1-C8) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006707 (C3-C12) heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006736 (C6-C20) aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004105 2-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([*])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000041 C6-C10 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005915 C6-C14 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000499 benzofuranyl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000904 isoindolyl group Chemical group C=1(NC=C2C=CC=CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesitylene Substances CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001827 mesitylenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C(*)=C(C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102220028992 rs7614776 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/0006—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
- C07F15/0086—Platinum compounds
- C07F15/0093—Platinum compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/24—Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
- B01J31/2404—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring
- B01J31/2409—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring with more than one complexing phosphine-P atom
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1805—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing nitrogen
- B01J31/181—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine
- B01J31/1815—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine with more than one complexing nitrogen atom, e.g. bipyridyl, 2-aminopyridine
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1845—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing phosphorus
- B01J31/185—Phosphites ((RO)3P), their isomeric phosphonates (R(RO)2P=O) and RO-substitution derivatives thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/22—Organic complexes
- B01J31/2282—Unsaturated compounds used as ligands
- B01J31/2295—Cyclic compounds, e.g. cyclopentadienyls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/24—Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
- B01J31/2404—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/24—Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
- B01J31/2404—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring
- B01J31/2409—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring with more than one complexing phosphine-P atom
- B01J31/2414—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring with more than one complexing phosphine-P atom comprising aliphatic or saturated rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/36—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reaction with carbon monoxide or formates
- C07C67/38—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reaction with carbon monoxide or formates by addition to an unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bond
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/50—Organo-phosphines
- C07F9/5045—Complexes or chelates of phosphines with metallic compounds or metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/30—Addition reactions at carbon centres, i.e. to either C-C or C-X multiple bonds
- B01J2231/32—Addition reactions to C=C or C-C triple bonds
- B01J2231/321—Hydroformylation, metalformylation, carbonylation or hydroaminomethylation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/001—General concepts, e.g. reviews, relating to catalyst systems and methods of making them, the concept being defined by a common material or method/theory
- B01J2531/002—Materials
- B01J2531/004—Ligands
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/02—Compositional aspects of complexes used, e.g. polynuclearity
- B01J2531/0213—Complexes without C-metal linkages
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/02—Compositional aspects of complexes used, e.g. polynuclearity
- B01J2531/0238—Complexes comprising multidentate ligands, i.e. more than 2 ionic or coordinative bonds from the central metal to the ligand, the latter having at least two donor atoms, e.g. N, O, S, P
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/828—Platinum
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to platinum complexes having benzyl-based diphosphine ligands for the catalysis of the alkoxycarbonylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds.
- alkoxycarbonylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds is a process of increasing significance.
- An alkoxycarbonylation is understood to mean the reaction of ethylenically unsaturated compounds such as olefins with carbon monoxide and alcohols in the presence of a metal or a metal complex and a ligand to give the corresponding esters:
- WO 2011/083305 A1 describes a method of alkoxycarbonylation.
- the complexes described therein, as well as the ligands, have palladium as central atom.
- the technical problem addressed by the present invention is that of providing novel complexes having a less costly metal than palladium as the central atom.
- the complex is additionally to achieve good conversions in alkoxycarbonylations.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 are each independently selected from —(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl, —(C 3 -C 12 -cycloalkyl, —(C 3 -C 12 )-heterocycloalkyl, —(C 6 -C 20 -aryl, —(C 6 -C 20 -heteroaryl; at least one of the R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 radicals is a —(C 6 -C 20 -heteroaryl radical having at least six ring atoms; and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , if they are —(C 1 -C 12 -alkyl, —(C 3 -C 12 -cycloalkyl, —(C 3 -C 12 -heterocycloalkyl, —(C 6 -C 20 -aryl or —(C 6 -C 20 -he
- (C 1 -C 12 -alkyl encompasses straight-chain and branched alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. These are preferably (C 1 -C 8 -alkyl groups, more preferably (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, most preferably (C 1 C 4 )-alkyl.
- C 3 -C 12 -cycloalkyl encompasses mono-, bi- or tricyclic hydrocarbyl groups having 3 to 12 carbon atoms. Preferably, these groups are (C 6 -C 12 -cycloalkyl.
- (C 3 -C 12 )-heterocycloalkyl encompasses nonaromatic, saturated or partly unsaturated cycloaliphatic groups having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, where one or more of the ring carbon atoms are replaced by heteroatoms.
- the —(C 3 -C 12 )-heterocycloalkyl groups have preferably 3 to 8, more preferably 5 or 6, ring atoms.
- the heterocycloalkyl groups as opposed to the cycloalkyl groups, one or more of the ring carbon atoms are replaced by heteroatoms or heteroatom-containing groups.
- the heteroatoms or the heteroatom-containing groups are preferably selected from O, S, N.
- (C 6 -C 20 -aryl encompasses mono- or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbyl radicals having 6 to 20 carbon atoms. These are preferably (C 6 -C 14 )-aryl, more preferably (C 6 -C 10 -aryl.
- (C 6 -C 20 )-heteroaryl encompasses mono- or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbyl radicals having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, where one or more of the carbon atoms are replaced by heteroatoms. Preferred heteroatoms are N, O and S.
- the (C 6 -C 20 )-heteroaryl groups have 6 to 20, preferably 6 to 14 and more preferably 6 to 10 ring atoms.
- pyridyl in the context of this invention is a C 6 -heteroaryl radical; furyl is a C 5 -heteroaryl radical.
- Suitable (C 6 -C 20 )-heteroaryl groups having at least six ring atoms are especially pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, benzofuranyl, indolyl, isoindolyl.
- halogen especially encompasses fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. Particular preference is given to fluorine and chlorine.
- At least two of the R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 radicals are a —(C 6 -C 20 )-heteroaryl radical having at least six ring atoms.
- the R 1 and R 3 radicals are each a —(C 6 -C 20 )-heteroaryl radical having at least six ring atoms.
- the R 1 and R 3 radicals are each 2-pyridyl.
- R 2 and R 4 are —(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl.
- R 2 and R 4 are tert-butyl.
- the compound (I) has the structure (1):
- the invention further relates to the use of a complex according to the invention for catalysis of an alkoxycarbonylation reaction.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 are each independently selected from —(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl, —(C 3 -C 12 )-cycloalkyl, —(C 3 -C 12 )-heterocycloalkyl, —(C 6 -C 20 -aryl, —(C 6 -C 20 )-heteroaryl; at least one of the R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 radicals is a —(C 6 -C 20 )-heteroaryl radical having at least six ring atoms; and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , if they are —(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl, —(C 3 -C 12 )-cycloalkyl, —(C 3 -C 12 )-heterocycloalkyl, —(C 6 -C 20 )-aryl or —(C 6
- process steps a), b), c) and d) can be effected in any desired sequence.
- the addition of CO is effected after the co-reactants have been initially charged in steps a) to c).
- Steps d) and e) can be effected simultaneously or successively.
- CO can also be fed in in two or more steps, in such a way that, for example, a portion of the CO is first fed in, then the mixture is heated, and then a further portion of CO is fed in.
- the ethylenically unsaturated compounds used as reactant in the process according to the invention contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds. These compounds are also referred to hereinafter as olefins for simplification.
- the double bonds may be terminal or internal.
- the ethylenically unsaturated compounds may, in addition to the one or more double bonds, contain further functional groups.
- the ethylenically unsaturated compound preferably comprises a total of 2 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the ethylenically unsaturated compound does not comprise any further functional groups apart from carbon-carbon double bonds.
- the ethylenically unsaturated compound is selected from: ethene, propene, 1-butene, cis- and/or trans-2-butene, isobutene, 1,3-butadiene, 1-pentene, cis- and/or trans-2-pentene, 2-methyl-1-butene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 2-methyl-2-butene, hexene, tetramethylethylene, heptene, 1-octene, 2-octene, di-n-butene, or mixtures thereof.
- the ethylenically unsaturated compound is selected from: propene, 1-butene, cis-2-butene, trans-2-butene, or mixtures thereof.
- the ethylenically unsaturated compound is selected from: 1-pentene, cis-2-pentene, trans-2-pentene, 2-methyl-1-butene, 2-methyl-2-butene, 3-methyl-1-butene, or mixtures thereof.
- Suitable mixtures of ethylenically unsaturated compounds are those called raffinates I to III.
- Raffinate I comprises 40% to 50% isobutene, 20% to 30% 1-butene, 10% to 20% cis- and trans-2-butene, up to 1% 1,3-butadiene and 10% to 20% n-butane and isobutane.
- Raffinate II is a portion of the C 4 fraction which arises in naphtha cracking and consists essentially of the isomeric n-butenes, isobutane and n-butane after removal of isobutene from raffinate I.
- Raffinate III is a portion of the C 4 fraction which arises in naphtha cracking and consists essentially of the isomeric n-butenes and n-butane.
- a mixture comprising isobutene, 1-butene, cis- and trans-2-butene is used.
- the mixture comprises 1-butene, cis- and trans-2-butene.
- the alcohol in process step c) is selected from: methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 2-propanol, tert-butanol, 3-pentanol, cyclohexanol, phenol.
- the alcohol in process step c) is methanol.
- the substance comprising Pt is selected from: platinum dichloride
- the substance comprising Pt is selected from: platinum dichloride (PtCl 2 ), platinum(II) acetylacetonate [Pt(acac) 2 ], platinum(II) acetate [Pt(OAc) 2 ].
- CO is fed in in step d) preferably at a partial CO pressure between 0.1 and 10 MPa (1 to 100 bar), preferably between 1 and 8 MPa (10 to 80 bar), more preferably between 2 and 6 MPa (20 to 60 bar).
- the reaction mixture is heated in step e) of the process according to the invention preferably to a temperature in the range from 60° C. to 160° C., preferably in the range from 80 to 140° C., more preferably in the range from 100 to 140° C., in order to convert the ethylenically unsaturated compound to an ester.
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Abstract
Platinum complexes having benzyl-based diphosphine ligands for the catalysis of the alkoxycarbonylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds.
Description
- The present invention relates to platinum complexes having benzyl-based diphosphine ligands for the catalysis of the alkoxycarbonylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds.
- The alkoxycarbonylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds is a process of increasing significance. An alkoxycarbonylation is understood to mean the reaction of ethylenically unsaturated compounds such as olefins with carbon monoxide and alcohols in the presence of a metal or a metal complex and a ligand to give the corresponding esters:
- WO 2011/083305 A1 describes a method of alkoxycarbonylation. The complexes described therein, as well as the ligands, have palladium as central atom.
- A disadvantage of palladium is its high cost.
- The technical problem addressed by the present invention is that of providing novel complexes having a less costly metal than palladium as the central atom. The complex is additionally to achieve good conversions in alkoxycarbonylations.
- This object is achieved by a complex according to Claim 1.
- Complex comprising Pt and a compound of formula (I)
- where
R1, R2, R3, R4 are each independently selected from —(C1-C12)-alkyl, —(C3-C12-cycloalkyl, —(C3-C12)-heterocycloalkyl, —(C6-C20-aryl, —(C6-C20-heteroaryl;
at least one of the R1, R2, R3, R4 radicals is a —(C6-C20-heteroaryl radical having at least six ring atoms;
and
R1, R2, R3, R4, if they are —(C1-C12-alkyl, —(C3-C12-cycloalkyl, —(C3-C12-heterocycloalkyl, —(C6-C20-aryl or —(C6-C20-heteroaryl,
may each independently be substituted by one or more substituents selected from: —(C1-C12)-alkyl, —O—(C1-C12)-alkyl, —OH, —NH2, halogen. - The expression (C1-C12-alkyl encompasses straight-chain and branched alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. These are preferably (C1-C8-alkyl groups, more preferably (C1-C6)-alkyl, most preferably (C1C4)-alkyl.
- The expression (C3-C12-cycloalkyl encompasses mono-, bi- or tricyclic hydrocarbyl groups having 3 to 12 carbon atoms. Preferably, these groups are (C6-C12-cycloalkyl.
- The expression (C3-C12)-heterocycloalkyl encompasses nonaromatic, saturated or partly unsaturated cycloaliphatic groups having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, where one or more of the ring carbon atoms are replaced by heteroatoms. The —(C3-C12)-heterocycloalkyl groups have preferably 3 to 8, more preferably 5 or 6, ring atoms. In the heterocycloalkyl groups, as opposed to the cycloalkyl groups, one or more of the ring carbon atoms are replaced by heteroatoms or heteroatom-containing groups. The heteroatoms or the heteroatom-containing groups are preferably selected from O, S, N.
- The expression (C6-C20-aryl encompasses mono- or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbyl radicals having 6 to 20 carbon atoms. These are preferably (C6-C14)-aryl, more preferably (C6-C10-aryl.
- The expression (C6-C20)-heteroaryl encompasses mono- or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbyl radicals having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, where one or more of the carbon atoms are replaced by heteroatoms. Preferred heteroatoms are N, O and S. The (C6-C20)-heteroaryl groups have 6 to 20, preferably 6 to 14 and more preferably 6 to 10 ring atoms. Thus, for example, pyridyl in the context of this invention is a C6-heteroaryl radical; furyl is a C5-heteroaryl radical.
- Suitable (C6-C20)-heteroaryl groups having at least six ring atoms are especially pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, benzofuranyl, indolyl, isoindolyl.
- The expression halogen especially encompasses fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. Particular preference is given to fluorine and chlorine.
- In one embodiment, at least two of the R1, R2, R3, R4 radicals are a —(C6-C20)-heteroaryl radical having at least six ring atoms.
- In one embodiment, the R1 and R3 radicals are each a —(C6-C20)-heteroaryl radical having at least six ring atoms.
- In one embodiment, the R1 and R3 radicals are each 2-pyridyl.
- In one embodiment, R2 and R4 are —(C1-C12)-alkyl.
- In one embodiment, R2 and R4 are tert-butyl.
- In one embodiment, the compound (I) has the structure (1):
- The invention further relates to the use of a complex according to the invention for catalysis of an alkoxycarbonylation reaction.
- Process comprising the process steps of:
- a) initially charging an ethylenically unsaturated compound;
b) adding an above-described complex, or -
- a compound of formula (I)
- where
R1, R2, R3, R4 are each independently selected from —(C1-C12)-alkyl, —(C3-C12)-cycloalkyl, —(C3-C12)-heterocycloalkyl, —(C6-C20-aryl, —(C6-C20)-heteroaryl;
at least one of the R1, R2, R3, R4 radicals is a —(C6-C20)-heteroaryl radical having at least six ring atoms;
and
R1, R2, R3, R4, if they are —(C1-C12)-alkyl, —(C3-C12)-cycloalkyl, —(C3-C12)-heterocycloalkyl, —(C6-C20)-aryl or —(C6-C20)-heteroaryl,
may each independently be substituted by one or more substituents selected from: —(C1-C12)-alkyl, —O—(C1-C12)-alkyl, —OH, —NH2, halogen, and
a substance comprising Pt;
c) adding an alcohol;
d) feeding in CO;
e) heating the reaction mixture from a) to d), with conversion of the ethylenically unsaturated compound to an ester. - In this process, process steps a), b), c) and d) can be effected in any desired sequence. Typically, however, the addition of CO is effected after the co-reactants have been initially charged in steps a) to c). Steps d) and e) can be effected simultaneously or successively. In addition, CO can also be fed in in two or more steps, in such a way that, for example, a portion of the CO is first fed in, then the mixture is heated, and then a further portion of CO is fed in.
- The ethylenically unsaturated compounds used as reactant in the process according to the invention contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds. These compounds are also referred to hereinafter as olefins for simplification. The double bonds may be terminal or internal.
- The ethylenically unsaturated compounds may, in addition to the one or more double bonds, contain further functional groups. At the same time, the ethylenically unsaturated compound preferably comprises a total of 2 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 12 carbon atoms.
- In one variant of the process, the ethylenically unsaturated compound does not comprise any further functional groups apart from carbon-carbon double bonds.
- In one variant of the process, the ethylenically unsaturated compound is selected from: ethene, propene, 1-butene, cis- and/or trans-2-butene, isobutene, 1,3-butadiene, 1-pentene, cis- and/or trans-2-pentene, 2-methyl-1-butene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 2-methyl-2-butene, hexene, tetramethylethylene, heptene, 1-octene, 2-octene, di-n-butene, or mixtures thereof.
- In one variant of the process, the ethylenically unsaturated compound is selected from: propene, 1-butene, cis-2-butene, trans-2-butene, or mixtures thereof.
- In one variant of the process, the ethylenically unsaturated compound is selected from: 1-pentene, cis-2-pentene, trans-2-pentene, 2-methyl-1-butene, 2-methyl-2-butene, 3-methyl-1-butene, or mixtures thereof.
- Suitable mixtures of ethylenically unsaturated compounds are those called raffinates I to III. Raffinate I comprises 40% to 50% isobutene, 20% to 30% 1-butene, 10% to 20% cis- and trans-2-butene, up to 1% 1,3-butadiene and 10% to 20% n-butane and isobutane. Raffinate II is a portion of the C4 fraction which arises in naphtha cracking and consists essentially of the isomeric n-butenes, isobutane and n-butane after removal of isobutene from raffinate I. Raffinate III is a portion of the C4 fraction which arises in naphtha cracking and consists essentially of the isomeric n-butenes and n-butane.
- In one variant, a mixture comprising isobutene, 1-butene, cis- and trans-2-butene is used. Preferably, the mixture comprises 1-butene, cis- and trans-2-butene.
- In one variant of the process, the alcohol in process step c) is selected from: methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 2-propanol, tert-butanol, 3-pentanol, cyclohexanol, phenol.
- In one variant of the process, the alcohol in process step c) is methanol.
- In one variant of the process, the substance comprising Pt is selected from: platinum dichloride
- (PtCl2), platinum(II) acetylacetonate [Pt(acac)2], platinum(II) acetate [Pt(OAc)2], dichloro(1,5-cyclooctadiene)platinum(II) [Pt(cod)2Cl2], bis(dibenzylideneacetone)platinum [Pt(dba)2], bis(acetonitrile)dichloroplatinum(II) [Pt(CH3CN)2Cl2], (cinnamyl)platinum dichloride [Pt(cinnamyl)Cl2].
- In one variant of the process, the substance comprising Pt is selected from: platinum dichloride (PtCl2), platinum(II) acetylacetonate [Pt(acac)2], platinum(II) acetate [Pt(OAc)2].
- CO is fed in in step d) preferably at a partial CO pressure between 0.1 and 10 MPa (1 to 100 bar), preferably between 1 and 8 MPa (10 to 80 bar), more preferably between 2 and 6 MPa (20 to 60 bar).
- The reaction mixture is heated in step e) of the process according to the invention preferably to a temperature in the range from 60° C. to 160° C., preferably in the range from 80 to 140° C., more preferably in the range from 100 to 140° C., in order to convert the ethylenically unsaturated compound to an ester.
- The invention is to be illustrated in detail hereinafter by a working example.
-
- Reaction conditions: 1-Octene (1.0 mmol), PtCl2 (0.01 mmol, 1.0 mol %), ligand: monodentate phosphine ligand (0.04 mmol, 4.0 mol %), bidentate phosphine ligand (0.02 mmol, 2.0 mol %), PTSAH2O (monohydrate of p-toluenesulfonic acid) (5.0 mol %), MeOH (2.0 ml), pressure (CO): 40 bar, temperature: 120° C., reaction time: 20 h.
- The reaction was conducted with the following ligands:
-
-
- The respective yield and n/iso selectivity are stated below the ligand. Selectivities and yields were determined by gas chromatography with mesitylene as internal standard.
- Of the 16 ligands used, 11 did not give any conversion (0%). Only with one ligand (L12=(1)) was it possible to achieve a conversion of more than 60%. As shown by the series experiments, the greatest conversion is achieved with the inventive complex of Pt and (1).
- The cost of Pt is below that of Pd. The object is thus achieved by a complex according to the invention.
Claims (7)
1-7. (canceled)
8. Process comprising the process steps of:
a) initially charging an ethylenically unsaturated compound;
b) adding a complex comprising Pt and a compound of formula (I)
where
R1 R2, R3, R4 are each independently selected from —(C1-C12)-alkyl, —(C3-C12)-cycloalkyl, —(C3-C12)-heterocycloalkyl, —(C6-C20)-aryl, —(C6-C20)-heteroaryl;
at least one of the R1, R2, R3, R4 radicals is a —(C6-C20)-heteroaryl radical having at least six ring atoms;
and
R1 R2, R3, R4, if they are —(C1-C12)-alkyl, —(C3-C12)-cycloalkyl, —(C3-C12)-heterocycloalkyl, —(C6-C20)-aryl or —(C6-C20)-heteroaryl,
may each independently be substituted by one or more substituents selected from: —(C1-C12)-alkyl, —O—(C1-C12)-alkyl, —OH, —NH2, halogen, and
a substance comprising Pt;
c) adding an alcohol;
d) feeding in CO;
e) heating the reaction mixture from a) to d), with conversion of the ethylenically unsaturated compound to an ester.
9. Process according to claim 8 ,
wherein the ethylenically unsaturated compound is selected from: ethene, propene, 1-butene, cis- and/or trans-2-butene, isobutene, 1,3-butadiene, 1-pentene, cis- and/or trans-2-pentene, 2-methyl- 1-butene, 3-methyl- 1-butene, 2-methyl-2-butene, hexene, tetramethylethylene, heptene, 1-octene, 2-octene, di-n-butene, or mixtures thereof.
10. Process according to claim 8 ,
wherein the alcohol in process step c) is selected from: methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 2-propanol, tent-butanol, 3-pentanol, cyclohexanol, phenol.
11. Process according to claim 8 ,
wherein the alcohol in process step c) is methanol.
12. Process according to claim 8 ,
wherein the substance comprising Pt is selected from: platinum dichloride (PtCl2), platinum(II) acetylacetonate [Pt(acac)2], platinum(II) acetate [Pt(OAc)2], dichloro(1,5-cyclooctadiene)platinum(II) [Pt(cod)2Cl2], bis(dibenzylideneacetone)platinum [Pt(dba)2], bis(acetonitrile)dichloroplatinum(II) [Pt(CH3CN)2Cl2], (cinnamyl)platinum dichloride [Pt(cinnamyl)Cl2].
13. Process according to claim 8 ,
wherein the substance comprising Pt is selected from: platinum dichloride (PtCl2), platinum(II) acetylacetonate [Pt(acac)2], platinum(II) acetate [Pt(OAc)2].
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