US20230151825A1 - Compressor shroud with swept grooves - Google Patents
Compressor shroud with swept grooves Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20230151825A1 US20230151825A1 US17/528,323 US202117528323A US2023151825A1 US 20230151825 A1 US20230151825 A1 US 20230151825A1 US 202117528323 A US202117528323 A US 202117528323A US 2023151825 A1 US2023151825 A1 US 2023151825A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- grooves
- compressor
- upstream
- blades
- shroud
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000258271 Galium odoratum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008526 Galium odoratum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
- F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
- F04D29/541—Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
- F04D29/522—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/526—Details of the casing section radially opposing blade tips
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D19/00—Axial-flow pumps
- F04D19/02—Multi-stage pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/20—Three-dimensional
- F05D2250/28—Three-dimensional patterned
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/20—Three-dimensional
- F05D2250/29—Three-dimensional machined; miscellaneous
- F05D2250/294—Three-dimensional machined; miscellaneous grooved
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/30—Arrangement of components
- F05D2250/31—Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation
- F05D2250/314—Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation the axes being inclined in relation to each other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2270/00—Control
- F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
- F05D2270/10—Purpose of the control system to cope with, or avoid, compressor flow instabilities
- F05D2270/101—Compressor surge or stall
Definitions
- the disclosure relates generally to aircraft engines and, more particularly, to compressors for such engines.
- Compressor stall margin is one of many aspects that may affect the overall performance of aircraft engines. While compressor shrouds or casings may have various configurations in order to enhance rotor stall margin, such as surface treatment and/or structural modifications provided on the surface of the shroud, minimizing performance loss in this regard remains desirable.
- a compressor for an aircraft engine comprising: a rotor having a plurality of blades mounted for rotation about a central axis, the plurality of blades having blade tips extending between leading and trailing edges; and a shroud surrounding the rotor and having an inner surface surrounding the blade tips, a plurality of grooves defined in said inner surface of the shroud adjacent said blade tips, the plurality of grooves extending circumferentially about the shroud and extending radially from groove inlet openings defined in the inner surface to closed end surfaces of the plurality of grooves, the plurality of grooves having sidewalls extending circumferentially about the central axis, the plurality of grooves being axially spaced-apart from each other, the groove inlet opening of the most upstream one of the plurality of grooves having an upstream end disposed upstream of the leading edges of the plurality of blades, the plurality of grooves having a swept angle from the inner surface such that a center of the groove inlet openings
- a compressor for an aircraft engine comprising: a rotor having a plurality of blades mounted for rotation about a central axis, the plurality of blades having blade tips extending between leading and trailing edges; and a shroud surrounding the rotor and having an inner surface surrounding the blade tips, a plurality of grooves defined in said inner surface of the shroud adjacent said blade tips, the plurality of grooves extending circumferentially about the shroud and extending radially from groove inlet openings defined in the inner surface to closed end surfaces of the plurality of grooves, the plurality of grooves having sidewalls extending circumferentially about the central axis, the plurality of grooves being axially spaced-apart from each other, the leading edge of the plurality of blades axially disposed between an upstream end of the groove inlet opening of the most upstream one of the plurality of grooves and a downstream end of the groove inlet opening of the most upstream one of the plurality of grooves, the plurality
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross sectional view of a gas turbine engine
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an exemplary part of the compressor rotor casing of the engine shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of an exemplary part of the compressor rotor casing of FIGS. 1 - 2 , defining a cross-section A-A and a cross-section B-B;
- FIG. 3 A is a schematic cross-sectional view taken through A-A in FIG. 3 ;
- FIG. 3 B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken through A-A of an alternate compressor rotor casing
- FIG. 4 is another perspective view of the exemplary part of FIG. 3 , showing the cross-section B-B in a different angle;
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another exemplary part of a compressor rotor casing of the engine shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 6 is a side view of an exemplary part of the compressor rotor casing of FIG. 5 ;
- FIGS. 7 A- 7 C are graphical representations of various groove taper angles in a compressor rotor casing.
- FIGS. 8 A- 8 B are schematic cross-sectional views taken through A-A in FIG. 3 of various groove and baffle configuration options.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a turbofan gas turbine engine 10 of a type preferably provided for use in subsonic flight, generally comprising in serial flow communication a transonic fan 12 through which ambient air is propelled, a multistage compressor 14 for pressurizing the air, a combustor 16 in which the compressed air is mixed with fuel and ignited for generating an annular stream of hot combustion gases, and a turbine section 18 for extracting energy from the combustion gases.
- the fan 12 also referred to as a low compressor, comprises a rotor 13 mounted for rotation about the engine central axis 11 .
- the rotor 13 is provided with a plurality of radially extending blades 15 .
- Each blade 15 has a leading edge 17 and a trailing edge 19 extending radially outwardly from the rotor hub to a tip 21 .
- the rotor 13 is surrounded by a casing 20 including a stationary annular shroud disposed adjacent the tips 21 of the blades 15 and defining an outer boundary for the main flow path.
- the casing inner surface is lined with a layer of non-abradable material 22 .
- the layer of non-abradable material 22 may thus be considered as part of the casing inner surface, forming part of the hard shroud wall. In other cases, an abradable material that may detach or break from the casing 20 without causing damages, may be used.
- the radial distance or gap between the tip 21 of the blades 15 and the adjacent inner surface of the casing 20 is defined as the rotor tip clearance.
- Each rotor is designed with a nominal rotor tip clearance to prevent or limit interference between the tip 21 of the blades 15 and the casing 20 , which may occur due to rotor imbalance.
- a surface treatment is applied to the low pressure compressor or fan casing 20 , though such surface treatment may be applied to a high pressure compressor.
- the surface treatment allows stall margin to be increased and/or tip clearance vortex flow to be weakened and may help to direct the vortex flow in the main flow stream direction.
- the rotor casing treatment comprises a series of regularly axially spaced-apart circumferential grooves 24 defined in the non-abradable region of the casing inner surface (region of the casing 20 having the layer of non-abradable material 22 ) axially aligned with the tips 21 of the blades 15 .
- grooves 24 may facilitate manufacturing and/or parametric design of the engine 10 and/or the surface treatment.
- the grooves 24 may be irregularly or non-uniformly spaced apart in an axial direction along the casing inner surface, as will be discussed in further detail below.
- each groove 24 does not extend continuously around 360 degrees. Stated differently, each groove 24 is intersected or interrupted over the circumference of the casing 20 . In other words, the grooves 24 have circumferential interruptions such that the grooves 24 extend non-continuously around a shroud circumference. In the depicted embodiment, the circumferential interruptions are defined by a plurality of baffles 30 . In other words, each groove 24 comprises a plurality of segments 24 A extending circumferentially and separated from an adjacent one of the segments 24 A by one of the baffles 30 . Although not “continuous” along the full circumference of the casing inner surface, each interrupted groove will be referred to as one groove 24 that comprises a plurality of groove segments 24 A, for simplicity.
- six shallow circumferentially extending grooves 24 are embedded in the non-abradable layer 22 of the rotor shroud around the blades 15 .
- the series of grooves 24 could be composed of more or less than six grooves 24 .
- the rotor casing treatment could comprise from 2 to 15 grooves depending on the rotor configuration.
- the grooves 24 may also be irregularly or non-uniformly axially spaced-apart in other embodiments.
- each groove 24 is defined by a pair of axially opposed sidewalls 26 , in this embodiment substantially flat, extending forwardly (i.e. towards the front of the engine) from a groove opening (or groove inlet) 25 defined in the shroud surface 27 to a closed-end surface 28 .
- the closed-end surface 28 may be flat, rounded or semi-circular in various embodiments, as will be discussed in further detail below.
- opposed sidewalls 26 of adjacent grooves 24 intersect at the opening (or “inlet”) 25 with the shroud surface 27 , corresponding to a portion of the casing inner surface between adjacent grooves 24 , forming a sharp edge. Such edge may be rounded up in other embodiments.
- each opening 25 includes an upstream end 25 A and a downstream end 25 B relative to the main flow through the compressor rotor.
- each groove 24 has a depth D and a width W.
- the grooves 24 are spaced apart from one another by a spacing X taken axially along the shroud inner surface 27 (distance between the opening of adjacent grooves 24 ). Such spacing may be equal between each pair of axially adjacent grooves 24 . In other cases, the spacing X between a first pair of axially adjacent grooves 24 may be different, i.e. greater or lesser in magnitude, than the spacing X between another pair of axially adjacent grooves 24 .
- Each groove 24 has a depth projection Y normal to the casing inner surface.
- the groove inlet opening 25 of the first or upstream groove 24 is axially located upstream of the leading edge 17 of the blades 15 . More particularly, the upstream end 25 A of the groove inlet opening 25 of the first or upstream groove 24 is axially located upstream of the leading edge 17 of the blades 15 relative to the main flow through the compressor rotor. The upstream end 25 A is axially spaced from the leading edge 17 by a distance L corresponding to, for instance, 0% to 10% of the chord length of the blades 15 . Other distances may be contemplated as well.
- the leading edge 17 of the blades 15 is axially disposed between the upstream end 25 A and the downstream end 25 B of the groove inlet opening 25 of the first or upstream groove 24 .
- Other arrangements may be contemplated as well, for instance both the upstream end 25 A and the downstream end 25 B of the groove inlet opening 25 of the first or upstream groove 24 being axially disposed upstream of the leading edge 17 .
- the last or downstream groove 24 is positioned upstream of the blade trailing edges 19 .
- the grooves 24 may occupy an axial distance AD spanning from the first or upstream groove to the last or downstream groove corresponding to 30% or more of the chord length of the blades 15 .
- such axial distance AD may be taken from the upstream-most portion of the closed-end surface 28 of the first or upstream groove 24 to the downstream end 25 B of the last or downstream groove 24 .
- Other reference points for axial distance AD may be contemplated as well. Having the distance L and axial distance AD within these ranges may optimize their effect on the flow vortex.
- the grooves 24 are forwardly swept (i.e. swept towards a front of the engine, which may also be upstream relative to the main gas flow through the compressor rotor) at an angle ⁇ .
- the closed-end surface 28 of each of the grooves 24 is located upstream of the opening 25 of the corresponding groove 24 .
- the grooves 24 are inclined such that a center of their inlet openings 25 is located axially rearward of a center of their closed-end surfaces 28 with respect to the orientation of the grooves 24 of the casing 20 in the engine 10 .
- Angle ⁇ is taken between an axis P normal to the casing inner surface 27 and a central axis GA extending longitudinally through a center of the grooves 24 .
- Angle ⁇ may be referred to as the groove swept angle, or groove sweep angle, and is more than 0° and less than 75°. In an embodiment, the angle ⁇ is at least 10° but no more than 75°.
- the swept angled grooves 24 may contribute to minimizing total pressure loss by having the flow exiting from the grooves 24 with a sufficient main flow stream direction component, and/or may allow maximizing an internal volume of the grooves 24 although the layer of non-abradable material 22 of the rotor casing may be thin, for maximizing compactness of the rotor casing 20 (to reduce weight and/or size of the rotor casing 20 ).
- the grooves 24 may be rearwardly swept (i.e. swept towards a rear of the engine, which may also be downstream relative to the main gas flow through the compressor rotor) at an angle ⁇ .
- the groove swept angle, or groove sweep angle may be less than 0° and more than -75° (i.e. a maximum angle of 75° in a rearward direction).
- the grooves are all angled identically, but one or more of the grooves 24 may have a different angle ⁇ than other ones or more of the grooves 24 in other embodiments.
- the width W of the grooves 24 is between about 1% to about 15% of the chord length of the blades 15 .
- the spacing X may have any suitable value, for instance respecting an aspect ratio X/W is from about 0.1 to about 5. Other spacing X between grooves 24 may be contemplated, for instance irregular or uneven distributions.
- the ratio Y/W ranges from about 0.5 to 10. In most cases, larger ratios may be better to trap the tip vortex, though manufacturing may limit the possibilities to have a greater ratio (e.g. a ratio greater or much greater than 10).
- the grooves 24 may all have a same geometry, one or more of the grooves may have a respective geometry that may differ in one or more dimensions, in some cases.
- the respective depths D of the grooves 24 may vary from the first (most upstream groove 24 ) to the last, more particularly, in this case the respective depths D of the grooves 24 increase from the first to the last groove 24 , although they may all have an equal depth D in other embodiments.
- the respective depths D of the grooves 24 may substantially correspond to the thickness of the layer of non-abradable material 22 at the local areas where they are defined.
- the depth projection Y of the grooves 24 may substantially correspond to the thickness of the non-abradable material 22 .
- the depths of the grooves 24 may increase or decrease at various rates, or remain constant, from the first to the last groove 24 , as will be discussed in further detail below.
- the arrays of baffles 30 in the grooves 24 may be angularly aligned with respect to each other.
- the baffles 30 could as well be angularly staggered in the different grooves 24 .
- the number of baffles in the grooves 24 does not have to be the same.
- the number of baffles 30 in each groove 24 is greater than the number of rotor blades 15 but less than 5 times of the latter.
- the number of baffles 30 in each groove 24 is between 2 and 5 times the number of rotor blades 15 .
- Other ratios of baffles 30 per groove 24 may be contemplated as well. Having a greater number of baffles 30 per groove 24 may impede the effects of the casing treatment.
- the baffles 30 are provided in the form of projections from the closed-end surface 28 of the grooves 24 to the inlet opening 25 thereof. That is, the baffles 30 protrude from the closed-end surface 28 over a distance corresponding to the full depth D of the groove 24 in which the baffles 30 are located.
- the baffles 30 do not necessarily have to be the same shape.
- the baffles 30 may be integrally machined, moulded or otherwise formed on the closed-end surface 28 of the grooves 24 . For instance, cutting tools, such as conventional wood ruff cutters, could be used for machining the grooves 24 and the baffles 30 in the non-abradable layer 22 . In this way, the baffles 30 can be formed in the grooves 24 in a cost effective manner.
- the reparability of the casing 20 may be good since the grooves 24 and the baffles 30 are machined in non-abradable material.
- each baffle 30 extends the full width W of the grooves 24 between the groove sidewalls 26 (see FIG. 3 ).
- each baffle 30 has a substantially flat surface 32 extending in the same plane as the shroud inner surface 27 .
- the flat surface 32 of the baffles 30 form a continuous surface with adjacent portions of the shroud inner surface. Forming such continuous surface with adjacent portions of the shroud inner surface may contribute to optimizing the effects of the casing treatment herein described.
- the flat surface 32 may have other shapes, such as concave or other non-flat shape in other embodiments.
- the baffles 30 extends along the full depth D of the grooves 24 . This may maximize the break of the swirl component (circumferential component) of the main flow stream at the tip of the blades 15 (or simply tip vortex).
- the baffles 30 have two opposed walls 33 spaced apart circumferentially from each other and defining respective ends of the baffles 30 (i.e. ends that are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the grooves 24 ).
- the two opposed walls 33 merge with the flat surface 32 to form a sharp edge at their junction, though rounded edges may be contemplated in other embodiments.
- the grooves closed-end surface 28 and the baffles 30 form an intersected radially inwardly facing surface at the closed end of each groove 24 , such that the radially inwardly facing surface is discontinuous along the length (defined along the circumference of the casing inner surface) of each groove 24 .
- circumferentially intersected grooves 24 may generate flow turbulence due to the baffles 30 opposing the circumferential component of the tip flow vortex entering and exiting the grooves 24 , such turbulence resulting from the presence of the baffles 30 may be more beneficial to the performance of the engine 10 than if the baffles 30 were omitted entirely, where the circumferential component of the main flow stream (or tip vortex), would not be suitably controlled.
- the presence of groove interruptions, such as the baffles 30 herein described may enhance the momentum exchanges between main flow and tip clearance flow, hence enhance the effect of the casing treatment.
- the baffles 30 another embodiment the baffles lean with an angle ⁇ relative to the axis P normal to the casing inner surface 27 .
- the angle ⁇ may vary from -75° to +75°, i.e. into or away from a rotational direction of the blades 15 .
- the shape of the baffles 30 may vary. For instance, the edges of the baffles may be sharp or rounded.
- a width B of the baffles 30 may be constant along both radial and axial directions, for instance a tenth of the groove width W. In other cases, the baffle width B may vary in one or both of the radial and axial directions.
- the circumferential distribution of baffles may be uniform or uneven, or may assume other irregular patterns as well.
- FIG. 5 another exemplary fan casing 20 is shown, with like reference numerals referring to like elements.
- the various features discussed in relation to the fan casing depicted in FIG. 2 may be understood to be applicable to the fan casing depicted in FIG. 5 as well, for instance the upstream end 25 A of the groove inlet opening 25 of the first or upstream groove 24 being axially located upstream of the leading edge 17 of the blades 15 relative to the main flow through the compressor rotor.
- the closed-end surfaces 28 of the grooves 24 are rounded or semi-circular. Other shapes for the closed-end surfaces 28 may be contemplated as well.
- FIG. 5 another exemplary fan casing 20 is shown, with like reference numerals referring to like elements.
- the various features discussed in relation to the fan casing depicted in FIG. 2 may be understood to be applicable to the fan casing depicted in FIG. 5 as well, for instance the upstream end 25 A of the groove inlet opening 25 of the first or upstream groove 24 being axially located up
- the depths D of each is the grooves 24 is constant from the most upstream groove 24 to the most downstream groove 24 .
- Other depths D for instance increasing or decreasing depths along the downstream direction, may be contemplated as well.
- the grooves 24 each have a forward swept angle ⁇ of 45° relative to axis P normal to the casing inner surface 27 .
- Other angles, including rearward swept angles, may be contemplated as well.
- the depicted casing 20 includes unevenly-spaced grooved 24 .
- spacing X 1 between a first pair of grooves 24 is different than spacing X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , etc.
- the ratio between spacing X (X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 ) and the groove width W (X/W) may vary between 0.5 and 5.
- the ratio (X/W) may vary between 3 and 3.6. Other ratios may be contemplated as well.
- the groove depth D may be consistent for each groove 24 .
- each groove 24 includes a rounded or semi-circular closed-end surface 28 .
- the taper angle of the grooves 24 i.e. the variation in radius from one groove 24 to the next, can either remain constant (ex: FIG. 7 A ), decrease (Ex: FIG. 7 B ) or increase (EX: FIG. 7 C ) from an upstream end to a downstream end of the casing 20 .
- the taper angle is shown to remain constant, i.e. a taper angle of 0° between grooves 24 .
- FIG. 7 B an exemplary inward or decreasing taper angle of 10°, is shown.
- an exemplary outward or increasing taper angle of 10° is shown.
- Other inward or outward taper angles may be contemplated. For instance, in various cases the taper angle may vary from 20° inward to 20° outward.
- the grooves 24 may take on various shapes or patterns when viewed from cross-section A-A.
- the grooves 24 depicted in FIG. 7 A are shown to have a linearly-circumferential shape, while the grooves 24 depicted in FIG. 7 B are shown to have non-linear or curved shape.
- Other groove patterns or shapes, or instance for instance helically-threaded grooves with baffles, may be contemplated as well.
- any maximum value, minimum value and/or ranges of values provided herein include(s) all values falling within the applicable manufacturing tolerances. Accordingly, in certain instances, these values may be varied by ⁇ 5%. In other implementations, these values may vary by as much as ⁇ 10%.
Abstract
Description
- The disclosure relates generally to aircraft engines and, more particularly, to compressors for such engines.
- Compressor stall margin is one of many aspects that may affect the overall performance of aircraft engines. While compressor shrouds or casings may have various configurations in order to enhance rotor stall margin, such as surface treatment and/or structural modifications provided on the surface of the shroud, minimizing performance loss in this regard remains desirable.
- There is accordingly provided a compressor for an aircraft engine, comprising: a rotor having a plurality of blades mounted for rotation about a central axis, the plurality of blades having blade tips extending between leading and trailing edges; and a shroud surrounding the rotor and having an inner surface surrounding the blade tips, a plurality of grooves defined in said inner surface of the shroud adjacent said blade tips, the plurality of grooves extending circumferentially about the shroud and extending radially from groove inlet openings defined in the inner surface to closed end surfaces of the plurality of grooves, the plurality of grooves having sidewalls extending circumferentially about the central axis, the plurality of grooves being axially spaced-apart from each other, the groove inlet opening of the most upstream one of the plurality of grooves having an upstream end disposed upstream of the leading edges of the plurality of blades, the plurality of grooves having a swept angle from the inner surface such that a center of the groove inlet openings is axially offset of a center of a closed-end surface of each of the plurality of grooves, the plurality of grooves spanning an overall axial distance corresponding to 30% or more of a chord length of the plurality of blades, wherein the plurality of grooves have circumferential interruptions defined by a plurality of baffles such that the plurality of grooves extend non-continuously around a shroud circumference.
- There is also provided a compressor for an aircraft engine, comprising: a rotor having a plurality of blades mounted for rotation about a central axis, the plurality of blades having blade tips extending between leading and trailing edges; and a shroud surrounding the rotor and having an inner surface surrounding the blade tips, a plurality of grooves defined in said inner surface of the shroud adjacent said blade tips, the plurality of grooves extending circumferentially about the shroud and extending radially from groove inlet openings defined in the inner surface to closed end surfaces of the plurality of grooves, the plurality of grooves having sidewalls extending circumferentially about the central axis, the plurality of grooves being axially spaced-apart from each other, the leading edge of the plurality of blades axially disposed between an upstream end of the groove inlet opening of the most upstream one of the plurality of grooves and a downstream end of the groove inlet opening of the most upstream one of the plurality of grooves, the plurality of grooves having a swept angle from the inner surface such that a center of the groove inlet openings is axially offset of a center of a closed-end surface of each of the plurality of grooves, wherein the plurality of grooves have circumferential interruptions defined by a plurality of baffles such that the plurality of grooves extend non-continuously around a shroud circumference.
- Reference is now made to the accompanying figures in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross sectional view of a gas turbine engine; -
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an exemplary part of the compressor rotor casing of the engine shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of an exemplary part of the compressor rotor casing ofFIGS. 1-2 , defining a cross-section A-A and a cross-section B-B; -
FIG. 3A is a schematic cross-sectional view taken through A-A inFIG. 3 ; and -
FIG. 3B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken through A-A of an alternate compressor rotor casing; -
FIG. 4 is another perspective view of the exemplary part ofFIG. 3 , showing the cross-section B-B in a different angle; -
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another exemplary part of a compressor rotor casing of the engine shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 6 is a side view of an exemplary part of the compressor rotor casing ofFIG. 5 ; -
FIGS. 7A-7C are graphical representations of various groove taper angles in a compressor rotor casing; and -
FIGS. 8A-8B are schematic cross-sectional views taken through A-A inFIG. 3 of various groove and baffle configuration options. -
FIG. 1 illustrates a turbofangas turbine engine 10 of a type preferably provided for use in subsonic flight, generally comprising in serial flow communication atransonic fan 12 through which ambient air is propelled, amultistage compressor 14 for pressurizing the air, acombustor 16 in which the compressed air is mixed with fuel and ignited for generating an annular stream of hot combustion gases, and aturbine section 18 for extracting energy from the combustion gases. - The
fan 12, also referred to as a low compressor, comprises arotor 13 mounted for rotation about the engine central axis 11. Therotor 13 is provided with a plurality of radially extendingblades 15. Eachblade 15 has a leading edge 17 and atrailing edge 19 extending radially outwardly from the rotor hub to atip 21. Therotor 13 is surrounded by acasing 20 including a stationary annular shroud disposed adjacent thetips 21 of theblades 15 and defining an outer boundary for the main flow path. As shown inFIG. 2 , the casing inner surface is lined with a layer ofnon-abradable material 22. The layer ofnon-abradable material 22 may thus be considered as part of the casing inner surface, forming part of the hard shroud wall. In other cases, an abradable material that may detach or break from thecasing 20 without causing damages, may be used. The radial distance or gap between thetip 21 of theblades 15 and the adjacent inner surface of thecasing 20 is defined as the rotor tip clearance. Each rotor is designed with a nominal rotor tip clearance to prevent or limit interference between thetip 21 of theblades 15 and thecasing 20, which may occur due to rotor imbalance. - Referring to
FIG. 2 , it can be seen that a surface treatment is applied to the low pressure compressor orfan casing 20, though such surface treatment may be applied to a high pressure compressor. As will be seen hereinafter, the surface treatment allows stall margin to be increased and/or tip clearance vortex flow to be weakened and may help to direct the vortex flow in the main flow stream direction. The rotor casing treatment comprises a series of regularly axially spaced-apartcircumferential grooves 24 defined in the non-abradable region of the casing inner surface (region of thecasing 20 having the layer of non-abradable material 22) axially aligned with thetips 21 of theblades 15. Having regularly axially spaced-apart grooves 24, as opposed to irregularly spaced-apart grooves may facilitate manufacturing and/or parametric design of theengine 10 and/or the surface treatment. In other cases, thegrooves 24 may be irregularly or non-uniformly spaced apart in an axial direction along the casing inner surface, as will be discussed in further detail below. - As shown in
FIG. 3 , thegrooves 24 do not extend continuously around 360 degrees. Stated differently, eachgroove 24 is intersected or interrupted over the circumference of thecasing 20. In other words, thegrooves 24 have circumferential interruptions such that thegrooves 24 extend non-continuously around a shroud circumference. In the depicted embodiment, the circumferential interruptions are defined by a plurality ofbaffles 30. In other words, eachgroove 24 comprises a plurality ofsegments 24A extending circumferentially and separated from an adjacent one of thesegments 24A by one of thebaffles 30. Although not “continuous” along the full circumference of the casing inner surface, each interrupted groove will be referred to as onegroove 24 that comprises a plurality ofgroove segments 24A, for simplicity. - In the illustrated example, six shallow circumferentially extending
grooves 24 are embedded in the non-abradablelayer 22 of the rotor shroud around theblades 15. However, it is understood that the series ofgrooves 24 could be composed of more or less than sixgrooves 24. For instance, the rotor casing treatment could comprise from 2 to 15 grooves depending on the rotor configuration. Thegrooves 24 may also be irregularly or non-uniformly axially spaced-apart in other embodiments. - Returning to
FIG. 2 , in the depicted embodiment, eachgroove 24 is defined by a pair of axiallyopposed sidewalls 26, in this embodiment substantially flat, extending forwardly (i.e. towards the front of the engine) from a groove opening (or groove inlet) 25 defined in theshroud surface 27 to a closed-end surface 28. The closed-end surface 28 may be flat, rounded or semi-circular in various embodiments, as will be discussed in further detail below. In the depicted embodiment, opposedsidewalls 26 ofadjacent grooves 24 intersect at the opening (or “inlet”) 25 with theshroud surface 27, corresponding to a portion of the casing inner surface betweenadjacent grooves 24, forming a sharp edge. Such edge may be rounded up in other embodiments. Illustratively, eachopening 25 includes anupstream end 25A and adownstream end 25B relative to the main flow through the compressor rotor. - As shown in
FIG. 2 , eachgroove 24 has a depth D and a width W. Thegrooves 24 are spaced apart from one another by a spacing X taken axially along the shroud inner surface 27 (distance between the opening of adjacent grooves 24). Such spacing may be equal between each pair of axiallyadjacent grooves 24. In other cases, the spacing X between a first pair of axiallyadjacent grooves 24 may be different, i.e. greater or lesser in magnitude, than the spacing X between another pair of axiallyadjacent grooves 24. Eachgroove 24 has a depth projection Y normal to the casing inner surface. - As depicted in
FIG. 2 , the groove inlet opening 25 of the first orupstream groove 24 is axially located upstream of the leading edge 17 of theblades 15. More particularly, theupstream end 25A of the groove inlet opening 25 of the first orupstream groove 24 is axially located upstream of the leading edge 17 of theblades 15 relative to the main flow through the compressor rotor. Theupstream end 25A is axially spaced from the leading edge 17 by a distance L corresponding to, for instance, 0% to 10% of the chord length of theblades 15. Other distances may be contemplated as well. In the shown embodiment, although not necessarily the case in all embodiments, the leading edge 17 of theblades 15 is axially disposed between theupstream end 25A and thedownstream end 25B of the groove inlet opening 25 of the first orupstream groove 24. Other arrangements may be contemplated as well, for instance both theupstream end 25A and thedownstream end 25B of the groove inlet opening 25 of the first orupstream groove 24 being axially disposed upstream of the leading edge 17. In the depicted embodiment, the last ordownstream groove 24 is positioned upstream of theblade trailing edges 19. Thegrooves 24 may occupy an axial distance AD spanning from the first or upstream groove to the last or downstream groove corresponding to 30% or more of the chord length of theblades 15. Illustratively, such axial distance AD may be taken from the upstream-most portion of the closed-end surface 28 of the first orupstream groove 24 to thedownstream end 25B of the last ordownstream groove 24. Other reference points for axial distance AD may be contemplated as well. Having the distance L and axial distance AD within these ranges may optimize their effect on the flow vortex. - In the shown case, the
grooves 24 are forwardly swept (i.e. swept towards a front of the engine, which may also be upstream relative to the main gas flow through the compressor rotor) at an angle θ. In other words, when viewed axially along thetip 21 of ablade 15 from its leading edge 17 to its trailingedge 19, such as inFIGS. 2 and 4 , the closed-end surface 28 of each of thegrooves 24 is located upstream of theopening 25 of the correspondinggroove 24. Alternately defined, thegrooves 24 are inclined such that a center of theirinlet openings 25 is located axially rearward of a center of their closed-end surfaces 28 with respect to the orientation of thegrooves 24 of thecasing 20 in theengine 10. The angle θ is taken between an axis P normal to the casinginner surface 27 and a central axis GA extending longitudinally through a center of thegrooves 24. Angle θ may be referred to as the groove swept angle, or groove sweep angle, and is more than 0° and less than 75°. In an embodiment, the angle θ is at least 10° but no more than 75°. Due to the groove swept angle within this range, the swept angledgrooves 24 may contribute to minimizing total pressure loss by having the flow exiting from thegrooves 24 with a sufficient main flow stream direction component, and/or may allow maximizing an internal volume of thegrooves 24 although the layer ofnon-abradable material 22 of the rotor casing may be thin, for maximizing compactness of the rotor casing 20 (to reduce weight and/or size of the rotor casing 20). In other embodiments, thegrooves 24 may be rearwardly swept (i.e. swept towards a rear of the engine, which may also be downstream relative to the main gas flow through the compressor rotor) at an angle θ. In such cases, the groove swept angle, or groove sweep angle, may be less than 0° and more than -75° (i.e. a maximum angle of 75° in a rearward direction). In the depicted embodiment, the grooves are all angled identically, but one or more of thegrooves 24 may have a different angle θ than other ones or more of thegrooves 24 in other embodiments. - In one embodiment, the width W of the
grooves 24 is between about 1% to about 15% of the chord length of theblades 15. The spacing X may have any suitable value, for instance respecting an aspect ratio X/W is from about 0.1 to about 5. Other spacing X betweengrooves 24 may be contemplated, for instance irregular or uneven distributions. In one particular embodiment, the ratio Y/W ranges from about 0.5 to 10. In most cases, larger ratios may be better to trap the tip vortex, though manufacturing may limit the possibilities to have a greater ratio (e.g. a ratio greater or much greater than 10). - While in some embodiments the
grooves 24 may all have a same geometry, one or more of the grooves may have a respective geometry that may differ in one or more dimensions, in some cases. - As shown in
FIGS. 2 and 4 , the respective depths D of thegrooves 24 may vary from the first (most upstream groove 24) to the last, more particularly, in this case the respective depths D of thegrooves 24 increase from the first to thelast groove 24, although they may all have an equal depth D in other embodiments. Depending on the embodiments, the respective depths D of thegrooves 24 may substantially correspond to the thickness of the layer ofnon-abradable material 22 at the local areas where they are defined. Stated differently, the depth projection Y of thegrooves 24 may substantially correspond to the thickness of thenon-abradable material 22. In other cases, the depths of thegrooves 24 may increase or decrease at various rates, or remain constant, from the first to thelast groove 24, as will be discussed in further detail below. - Now referring to
FIG. 3 , the arrays ofbaffles 30 in thegrooves 24 may be angularly aligned with respect to each other. However, thebaffles 30 could as well be angularly staggered in thedifferent grooves 24. In addition, the number of baffles in thegrooves 24 does not have to be the same. In an embodiment, the number ofbaffles 30 in eachgroove 24 is greater than the number ofrotor blades 15 but less than 5 times of the latter. In a particular embodiment, the number ofbaffles 30 in eachgroove 24 is between 2 and 5 times the number ofrotor blades 15. In another particular embodiment, there are two timesmore baffles 30 pergroove 24 thanrotor blades 15. Other ratios ofbaffles 30 pergroove 24 may be contemplated as well. Having a greater number ofbaffles 30 pergroove 24 may impede the effects of the casing treatment. - As shown in
FIG. 3A , thebaffles 30 are provided in the form of projections from the closed-end surface 28 of thegrooves 24 to the inlet opening 25 thereof. That is, thebaffles 30 protrude from the closed-end surface 28 over a distance corresponding to the full depth D of thegroove 24 in which thebaffles 30 are located. Thebaffles 30 do not necessarily have to be the same shape. Thebaffles 30 may be integrally machined, moulded or otherwise formed on the closed-end surface 28 of thegrooves 24. For instance, cutting tools, such as conventional wood ruff cutters, could be used for machining thegrooves 24 and thebaffles 30 in thenon-abradable layer 22. In this way, thebaffles 30 can be formed in thegrooves 24 in a cost effective manner. The reparability of thecasing 20 may be good since thegrooves 24 and thebaffles 30 are machined in non-abradable material. - The depicted baffles 30 extend the full width W of the
grooves 24 between the groove sidewalls 26 (seeFIG. 3 ). As shown inFIG. 3 , eachbaffle 30 has a substantiallyflat surface 32 extending in the same plane as the shroudinner surface 27. In other words, theflat surface 32 of thebaffles 30 form a continuous surface with adjacent portions of the shroud inner surface. Forming such continuous surface with adjacent portions of the shroud inner surface may contribute to optimizing the effects of the casing treatment herein described. Theflat surface 32 may have other shapes, such as concave or other non-flat shape in other embodiments. - As shown in
FIG. 3A , thebaffles 30 extends along the full depth D of thegrooves 24. This may maximize the break of the swirl component (circumferential component) of the main flow stream at the tip of the blades 15 (or simply tip vortex). In the depicted embodiment, thebaffles 30 have two opposedwalls 33 spaced apart circumferentially from each other and defining respective ends of the baffles 30 (i.e. ends that are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the grooves 24). In the depicted embodiment, the twoopposed walls 33 merge with theflat surface 32 to form a sharp edge at their junction, though rounded edges may be contemplated in other embodiments. The grooves closed-end surface 28 and thebaffles 30 form an intersected radially inwardly facing surface at the closed end of eachgroove 24, such that the radially inwardly facing surface is discontinuous along the length (defined along the circumference of the casing inner surface) of eachgroove 24. Although such circumferentially intersectedgrooves 24 may generate flow turbulence due to thebaffles 30 opposing the circumferential component of the tip flow vortex entering and exiting thegrooves 24, such turbulence resulting from the presence of thebaffles 30 may be more beneficial to the performance of theengine 10 than if thebaffles 30 were omitted entirely, where the circumferential component of the main flow stream (or tip vortex), would not be suitably controlled. The presence of groove interruptions, such as thebaffles 30 herein described, may enhance the momentum exchanges between main flow and tip clearance flow, hence enhance the effect of the casing treatment. - Referring to
FIG. 3B , another baffle configuration is shown. In the depicted embodiment, thebaffles 30 another embodiment the baffles lean with an angle ϕ relative to the axis P normal to the casinginner surface 27. In some embodiments, the angle ϕ may vary from -75° to +75°, i.e. into or away from a rotational direction of theblades 15. The shape of thebaffles 30 may vary. For instance, the edges of the baffles may be sharp or rounded. A width B of thebaffles 30 may be constant along both radial and axial directions, for instance a tenth of the groove width W. In other cases, the baffle width B may vary in one or both of the radial and axial directions. The circumferential distribution of baffles may be uniform or uneven, or may assume other irregular patterns as well. - Referring to
FIG. 5 , anotherexemplary fan casing 20 is shown, with like reference numerals referring to like elements. The various features discussed in relation to the fan casing depicted inFIG. 2 may be understood to be applicable to the fan casing depicted inFIG. 5 as well, for instance theupstream end 25A of the groove inlet opening 25 of the first orupstream groove 24 being axially located upstream of the leading edge 17 of theblades 15 relative to the main flow through the compressor rotor. Of note, in thefan casing 20 shown inFIG. 5 , the closed-end surfaces 28 of thegrooves 24 are rounded or semi-circular. Other shapes for the closed-end surfaces 28 may be contemplated as well. In addition, in the embodiment shown inFIG. 5 , the depths D of each is thegrooves 24 is constant from the mostupstream groove 24 to the mostdownstream groove 24. Other depths D, for instance increasing or decreasing depths along the downstream direction, may be contemplated as well. In the depicted embodiment, thegrooves 24 each have a forward swept angle θ of 45° relative to axis P normal to the casinginner surface 27. Other angles, including rearward swept angles, may be contemplated as well. - Referring to
FIG. 6 , the depictedcasing 20 includes unevenly-spaced grooved 24. In other words, spacing X1 between a first pair ofgrooves 24 is different than spacing X2, X3, X4, etc. In the depicted case, the ratio between spacing X (X1, X2, X3, X4) and the groove width W (X/W) may vary between 0.5 and 5. In other embodiments, the ratio (X/W) may vary between 3 and 3.6. Other ratios may be contemplated as well. As discuss above, and in the depicted case, the groove depth D may be consistent for eachgroove 24. In the depicted case, eachgroove 24 includes a rounded or semi-circular closed-end surface 28. - Referring to
FIGS. 7A-7C , in various embodiments, the taper angle of thegrooves 24, i.e. the variation in radius from onegroove 24 to the next, can either remain constant (ex:FIG. 7A ), decrease (Ex:FIG. 7B ) or increase (EX:FIG. 7C ) from an upstream end to a downstream end of thecasing 20. InFIG. 7A , the taper angle is shown to remain constant, i.e. a taper angle of 0° betweengrooves 24. InFIG. 7B , an exemplary inward or decreasing taper angle of 10°, is shown. InFIG. 7C , an exemplary outward or increasing taper angle of 10° is shown. Other inward or outward taper angles may be contemplated. For instance, in various cases the taper angle may vary from 20° inward to 20° outward. - Referring to
FIGS. 8A-8B , thegrooves 24 may take on various shapes or patterns when viewed from cross-section A-A. For instance, thegrooves 24 depicted inFIG. 7A are shown to have a linearly-circumferential shape, while thegrooves 24 depicted inFIG. 7B are shown to have non-linear or curved shape. Other groove patterns or shapes, or instance for instance helically-threaded grooves with baffles, may be contemplated as well. - In the present disclosure, when a specific numerical value is provided (e.g. as a maximum, minimum or range of values), it is to be understood that this value or these ranges of values may be varied, for example due to applicable manufacturing tolerances, material selection, etc. As such, any maximum value, minimum value and/or ranges of values provided herein (such as, for example only, the plurality of grooves spanning an overall axial distance corresponding to 30% or more of a chord length of the plurality of blades), include(s) all values falling within the applicable manufacturing tolerances. Accordingly, in certain instances, these values may be varied by ± 5%. In other implementations, these values may vary by as much as ± 10%. A person of ordinary skill in the art will understand that such variances in the values provided herein may be possible without departing from the intended scope of the present disclosure, and will appreciate for example that the values may be influenced by the particular manufacturing methods and materials used to implement the claimed technology.
- The embodiments described in this document provide non-limiting examples of possible implementations of the present technology. Upon review of the present disclosure, a person of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that changes may be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope of the present technology. Yet further modifications could be implemented by a person of ordinary skill in the art in view of the present disclosure, which modifications would be within the scope of the present technology.
Claims (20)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US17/528,323 US20230151825A1 (en) | 2021-11-17 | 2021-11-17 | Compressor shroud with swept grooves |
CA3175362A CA3175362A1 (en) | 2021-11-17 | 2022-09-16 | Compressor shroud with swept grooves |
EP22208177.0A EP4184012A1 (en) | 2021-11-17 | 2022-11-17 | Compressor shroud with swept grooves |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US17/528,323 US20230151825A1 (en) | 2021-11-17 | 2021-11-17 | Compressor shroud with swept grooves |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20230151825A1 true US20230151825A1 (en) | 2023-05-18 |
Family
ID=84359204
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US17/528,323 Pending US20230151825A1 (en) | 2021-11-17 | 2021-11-17 | Compressor shroud with swept grooves |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230151825A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP4184012A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA3175362A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11965528B1 (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2024-04-23 | Rolls-Royce North American Technologies Inc. | Adjustable air flow plenum with circumferential movable closure for a fan of a gas turbine engine |
Citations (37)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4239452A (en) * | 1978-06-26 | 1980-12-16 | United Technologies Corporation | Blade tip shroud for a compression stage of a gas turbine engine |
US4466772A (en) * | 1977-07-14 | 1984-08-21 | Okapuu Uelo | Circumferentially grooved shroud liner |
US5137419A (en) * | 1984-06-19 | 1992-08-11 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Axial flow compressor surge margin improvement |
WO1995034745A1 (en) * | 1994-06-14 | 1995-12-21 | United Technologies Corporation | Interrupted circumferential groove stator structure |
US5707206A (en) * | 1995-07-18 | 1998-01-13 | Ebara Corporation | Turbomachine |
US6155778A (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2000-12-05 | General Electric Company | Recessed turbine shroud |
US6234747B1 (en) * | 1999-11-15 | 2001-05-22 | General Electric Company | Rub resistant compressor stage |
US6830428B2 (en) * | 2001-11-14 | 2004-12-14 | Snecma Moteurs | Abradable coating for gas turbine walls |
US20050111968A1 (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2005-05-26 | Lapworth Bryan L. | Compressor having casing treatment slots |
US20070147989A1 (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-06-28 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Fan or compressor casing |
US20080044273A1 (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2008-02-21 | Syed Arif Khalid | Turbomachine with reduced leakage penalties in pressure change and efficiency |
US20090041576A1 (en) * | 2007-08-10 | 2009-02-12 | Volker Guemmer | Fluid flow machine featuring an annulus duct wall recess |
US20090246007A1 (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2009-10-01 | Erik Johann | Casing treatment for axial compressors in a hub area |
US7766614B2 (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2010-08-03 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Compressor casing |
US20100329852A1 (en) * | 2008-02-21 | 2010-12-30 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Circulation structure for a turbo compressor |
US7861823B2 (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2011-01-04 | United Technologies Corporation | Duct for reducing shock related noise |
US20110085896A1 (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2011-04-14 | Snecma | Casing for a moving-blade wheel of turbomachine |
US20110299979A1 (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2011-12-08 | Montgomery Matthew D | Method for Improving the Stall Margin of an Axial Flow Compressor Using a Casing Treatment |
US20120003085A1 (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2012-01-05 | Snecma | Compressor casing with optimized cavities |
US8939705B1 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-01-27 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Turbine abradable layer with progressive wear zone multi depth grooves |
US8939707B1 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-01-27 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Turbine abradable layer with progressive wear zone terraced ridges |
US8939706B1 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-01-27 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Turbine abradable layer with progressive wear zone having a frangible or pixelated nib surface |
US9004859B2 (en) * | 2011-02-03 | 2015-04-14 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Turbomachine comprising an annular casing and a bladed rotor |
US9151175B2 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-10-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine abradable layer with progressive wear zone multi level ridge arrays |
US9243511B2 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2016-01-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine abradable layer with zig zag groove pattern |
US20160040546A1 (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-02-11 | Corporation De L'ecole Polytechnique De Montreal | Compressor casing |
US20160153465A1 (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2016-06-02 | General Electric Company | Axial compressor endwall treatment for controlling leakage flow therein |
US20160230776A1 (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2016-08-11 | United Technologies Corporation | Optimized circumferential groove casing treatment for axial compressors |
US20170370241A1 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2017-12-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine shroud with abradable layer having dimpled forward zone |
US20180231023A1 (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2018-08-16 | Honeywell International Inc. | Grooved shroud casing treatment for high pressure compressor in a turbine engine |
US20180328212A1 (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2018-11-15 | General Electric Company | Systems Including Rotor Blade Tips and Circumferentially Grooved Shrouds |
US10190435B2 (en) * | 2015-02-18 | 2019-01-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine shroud with abradable layer having ridges with holes |
US10309243B2 (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2019-06-04 | United Technologies Corporation | Grooved blade outer air seals |
US20200208532A1 (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-02 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compressor section of gas turbine engine including hybrid shroud with casing treatment and abradable section |
US10718352B2 (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2020-07-21 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Multi-cellular abradable liner |
US20200386111A1 (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2020-12-10 | Honeywell International Inc. | Grooved rotor casing system using additive manufacturing method |
US11015465B2 (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2021-05-25 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compressor section of gas turbine engine including shroud with serrated casing treatment |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007056953B4 (en) * | 2007-11-27 | 2015-10-22 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Turbomachine with Ringkanalwandausnehmung |
DE102008031982A1 (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2010-01-14 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Turbomachine with groove at a trough of a blade end |
US11346367B2 (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2022-05-31 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Compressor rotor casing with swept grooves |
-
2021
- 2021-11-17 US US17/528,323 patent/US20230151825A1/en active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-09-16 CA CA3175362A patent/CA3175362A1/en active Pending
- 2022-11-17 EP EP22208177.0A patent/EP4184012A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (57)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4466772A (en) * | 1977-07-14 | 1984-08-21 | Okapuu Uelo | Circumferentially grooved shroud liner |
US4239452A (en) * | 1978-06-26 | 1980-12-16 | United Technologies Corporation | Blade tip shroud for a compression stage of a gas turbine engine |
US5137419A (en) * | 1984-06-19 | 1992-08-11 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Axial flow compressor surge margin improvement |
WO1995034745A1 (en) * | 1994-06-14 | 1995-12-21 | United Technologies Corporation | Interrupted circumferential groove stator structure |
US5707206A (en) * | 1995-07-18 | 1998-01-13 | Ebara Corporation | Turbomachine |
US6155778A (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2000-12-05 | General Electric Company | Recessed turbine shroud |
US6234747B1 (en) * | 1999-11-15 | 2001-05-22 | General Electric Company | Rub resistant compressor stage |
US6830428B2 (en) * | 2001-11-14 | 2004-12-14 | Snecma Moteurs | Abradable coating for gas turbine walls |
US20050111968A1 (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2005-05-26 | Lapworth Bryan L. | Compressor having casing treatment slots |
US7210905B2 (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2007-05-01 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Compressor having casing treatment slots |
US7861823B2 (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2011-01-04 | United Technologies Corporation | Duct for reducing shock related noise |
US20070147989A1 (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-06-28 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Fan or compressor casing |
US7766614B2 (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2010-08-03 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Compressor casing |
US20080044273A1 (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2008-02-21 | Syed Arif Khalid | Turbomachine with reduced leakage penalties in pressure change and efficiency |
US20090041576A1 (en) * | 2007-08-10 | 2009-02-12 | Volker Guemmer | Fluid flow machine featuring an annulus duct wall recess |
US8419355B2 (en) * | 2007-08-10 | 2013-04-16 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Fluid flow machine featuring an annulus duct wall recess |
US20100329852A1 (en) * | 2008-02-21 | 2010-12-30 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Circulation structure for a turbo compressor |
US8915699B2 (en) * | 2008-02-21 | 2014-12-23 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Circulation structure for a turbo compressor |
US20090246007A1 (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2009-10-01 | Erik Johann | Casing treatment for axial compressors in a hub area |
US8251648B2 (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2012-08-28 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Casing treatment for axial compressors in a hub area |
US20110085896A1 (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2011-04-14 | Snecma | Casing for a moving-blade wheel of turbomachine |
US8777558B2 (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2014-07-15 | Snecma | Casing for a moving-blade wheel of turbomachine |
US20120003085A1 (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2012-01-05 | Snecma | Compressor casing with optimized cavities |
US8845269B2 (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2014-09-30 | Snecma | Compressor casing with optimized cavities |
US20110299979A1 (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2011-12-08 | Montgomery Matthew D | Method for Improving the Stall Margin of an Axial Flow Compressor Using a Casing Treatment |
US8550768B2 (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2013-10-08 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Method for improving the stall margin of an axial flow compressor using a casing treatment |
US9004859B2 (en) * | 2011-02-03 | 2015-04-14 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Turbomachine comprising an annular casing and a bladed rotor |
US8939707B1 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-01-27 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Turbine abradable layer with progressive wear zone terraced ridges |
US9631506B2 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2017-04-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine abradable layer with composite non-inflected bi-angle ridges and grooves |
US8939705B1 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-01-27 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Turbine abradable layer with progressive wear zone multi depth grooves |
US9151175B2 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-10-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine abradable layer with progressive wear zone multi level ridge arrays |
US9243511B2 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2016-01-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine abradable layer with zig zag groove pattern |
US8939706B1 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-01-27 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Turbine abradable layer with progressive wear zone having a frangible or pixelated nib surface |
US9920646B2 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2018-03-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine abradable layer with compound angle, asymmetric surface area ridge and groove pattern |
US20170370241A1 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2017-12-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine shroud with abradable layer having dimpled forward zone |
US20170051614A1 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2017-02-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine component cooling hole within a microsurface feature that protects adjoining thermal barrier coating |
US20170051626A1 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2017-02-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine abradable layer with composite non-inflected bi-angle ridges and grooves |
US10189082B2 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2019-01-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine shroud with abradable layer having dimpled forward zone |
US20170175560A1 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2017-06-22 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine abradable layer with airflow directing pixelated surface feature patterns |
US10309243B2 (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2019-06-04 | United Technologies Corporation | Grooved blade outer air seals |
US10465716B2 (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2019-11-05 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Compressor casing |
US20160040546A1 (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-02-11 | Corporation De L'ecole Polytechnique De Montreal | Compressor casing |
US20160153465A1 (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2016-06-02 | General Electric Company | Axial compressor endwall treatment for controlling leakage flow therein |
US10066640B2 (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2018-09-04 | United Technologies Corporation | Optimized circumferential groove casing treatment for axial compressors |
US20160230776A1 (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2016-08-11 | United Technologies Corporation | Optimized circumferential groove casing treatment for axial compressors |
US10190435B2 (en) * | 2015-02-18 | 2019-01-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine shroud with abradable layer having ridges with holes |
US10718352B2 (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2020-07-21 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Multi-cellular abradable liner |
US20180231023A1 (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2018-08-16 | Honeywell International Inc. | Grooved shroud casing treatment for high pressure compressor in a turbine engine |
US10648484B2 (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2020-05-12 | Honeywell International Inc. | Grooved shroud casing treatment for high pressure compressor in a turbine engine |
US11098731B2 (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2021-08-24 | Honeywell International Inc. | Grooved shroud casing treatment for high pressure compressor in a turbine engine |
US20180328212A1 (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2018-11-15 | General Electric Company | Systems Including Rotor Blade Tips and Circumferentially Grooved Shrouds |
US10830082B2 (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2020-11-10 | General Electric Company | Systems including rotor blade tips and circumferentially grooved shrouds |
US20200208532A1 (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-02 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compressor section of gas turbine engine including hybrid shroud with casing treatment and abradable section |
US10876423B2 (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-12-29 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compressor section of gas turbine engine including hybrid shroud with casing treatment and abradable section |
US20210054761A1 (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-02-25 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compressor section of gas turbine engine including hybrid shroud with casing treatment and abradable section |
US11015465B2 (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2021-05-25 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compressor section of gas turbine engine including shroud with serrated casing treatment |
US20200386111A1 (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2020-12-10 | Honeywell International Inc. | Grooved rotor casing system using additive manufacturing method |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11965528B1 (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2024-04-23 | Rolls-Royce North American Technologies Inc. | Adjustable air flow plenum with circumferential movable closure for a fan of a gas turbine engine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA3175362A1 (en) | 2023-05-17 |
EP4184012A1 (en) | 2023-05-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US11346367B2 (en) | Compressor rotor casing with swept grooves | |
JP3578769B2 (en) | Flow orientation assembly for the compression region of rotating machinery | |
US6540481B2 (en) | Diffuser for a centrifugal compressor | |
US10502231B2 (en) | Diffuser pipe with vortex generators | |
JP5179161B2 (en) | Gas turbine engine including multiple curved stator vanes and method of assembling the same | |
US6283713B1 (en) | Bladed ducting for turbomachinery | |
US8337146B2 (en) | Rotor casing treatment with recessed baffles | |
US8721291B2 (en) | Flow directing member for gas turbine engine | |
US10415392B2 (en) | End wall configuration for gas turbine engine | |
US20060034689A1 (en) | Turbine | |
EP0040534A1 (en) | Compressor diffuser | |
US8864452B2 (en) | Flow directing member for gas turbine engine | |
EP2662528B1 (en) | Gas turbine engine component with cooling holes having a multi-lobe configuration | |
US20120009065A1 (en) | Rotor blade | |
EP3392459A1 (en) | Compressor blades | |
JP2016539276A (en) | Curved diffusion channel section of centrifugal compressor | |
US10823195B2 (en) | Diffuser pipe with non-axisymmetric end wall | |
US20230151825A1 (en) | Compressor shroud with swept grooves | |
US10876411B2 (en) | Non-axisymmetric end wall contouring with forward mid-passage peak | |
EP2778346B1 (en) | Rotor for a gas turbine engine, corresponding gas turbine engine and method of improving gas turbine engine rotor efficiency | |
CN114753889A (en) | Turbine engine having an airfoil with a set of dimples |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: PRATT & WHITNEY CANADA CORP., CANADA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SHI, FENG;NICHOLS, JASON;YU, HONG;REEL/FRAME:061641/0458 Effective date: 20211115 |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: NON FINAL ACTION MAILED |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: RESPONSE TO NON-FINAL OFFICE ACTION ENTERED AND FORWARDED TO EXAMINER |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: FINAL REJECTION MAILED |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: RESPONSE AFTER FINAL ACTION FORWARDED TO EXAMINER |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: ADVISORY ACTION MAILED |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: DOCKETED NEW CASE - READY FOR EXAMINATION |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: NON FINAL ACTION MAILED |