US20230138976A1 - Exhaust gas purification device with improved air inlet nozzle - Google Patents
Exhaust gas purification device with improved air inlet nozzle Download PDFInfo
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- US20230138976A1 US20230138976A1 US17/978,277 US202217978277A US2023138976A1 US 20230138976 A1 US20230138976 A1 US 20230138976A1 US 202217978277 A US202217978277 A US 202217978277A US 2023138976 A1 US2023138976 A1 US 2023138976A1
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- piece
- purification device
- air inlet
- air outlet
- air
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
- F01N2470/02—Tubes being perforated
- F01N2470/04—Tubes being perforated characterised by shape, disposition or dimensions of apertures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the field of exhaust gas purification devices, in particular for an internal combustion engine.
- a purification device is intended for being arranged in the exhaust line of the internal combustion engine.
- the internal combustion engine is e.g. fitted to a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, a public transport vehicle or a freight transport vehicle, a marine vehicle, or any other conceivable vehicle.
- the internal combustion engine can also equip a fixed installation.
- Exhaust lines of vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines usually include catalytic purification components, e.g. for converting NO x , CO and hydrocarbons into N 2 , CO 2 and H 2 O. Such components are generally effective only when the catalytic material is at a temperature above a predefined temperature threshold.
- purification devices comprising a heating element mounted opposite the upstream face of a purification component, so as to accelerate the heating of the purification component when the vehicle is started.
- an exhaust gas purification device is already known from the prior art, in particular for an internal combustion engine, which includes a casing extending along a longitudinal direction, a purification component housed in the casing, and a heating element arranged near the purification component.
- the subject disclosure provides an improved purification device.
- the subject matter of the disclosure is in particular a purification device for exhaust gases, in particular for an internal combustion engine, comprising a casing wherein an exhaust gas is intended to flow, a purification component housed in the casing, a heating element arranged in the vicinity of the purification component, and an air inlet nozzle opening into the casing.
- the air inlet nozzle is equipped with an end-piece, the end-piece including a lateral wall with a general shape of revolution, and at least a first air outlet port being formed in the lateral wall.
- the end-piece arranged at the end of an air inlet nozzle, is used for diffusing the air so as to spray the heating element as homogeneously as possible.
- the purification component does not have any overheated point. As a result, the lifetime of the purification component is increased.
- such homogeneous diffusion makes it possible to increase the maximum acceptable power of the heating element.
- the above advantageously results in a reduced catalysis initiation time.
- the end-piece according to the disclosure can further include one or a plurality of the following features, taken individually or according to all technically conceivable combinations.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a purification system according to an example of embodiment of the disclosure
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an end-piece of an air injection nozzle of the purification device shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is an axial section view of the end-piece shown in FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 1 shows a purification device 10 according to an example of embodiment of the disclosure, intended for equipping an exhaust line of an internal combustion engine.
- the purification device 10 is arranged in the exhaust line between an upstream section and a downstream section.
- upstream and downstream are considered depending on the direction of flow of the exhaust gases in the exhaust line.
- the purification device 10 includes a casing 12 extending along a longitudinal direction X and delimiting a housing.
- the casing 12 is made of a metallic material.
- the casing 12 includes a central part 12 A, an inlet part 12 B, and an outlet part 12 C.
- the inlet part 12 B closes the housing on the upstream side
- the outlet part 12 C closes the housing on the downstream side
- the inlet part 12 B has a shape widening from an inlet pipe 13 of the upstream section to as far as the central part 12 A.
- the inlet part 12 B has a shape, e.g. a general frustoconical shape, or any shape which widens.
- the purification device 10 includes a purification component 14 housed in the casing 12 so that the exhaust gases circulating in the casing 12 flow through the purification component 14 .
- the purification device 14 is an exhaust gas after-treatment component, e.g. a three-way catalyst, a diesel oxidation catalyst, an SCR catalyst, or is of any other suitable type.
- the purification component 14 preferentially has a general shape of revolution about an axis parallel to the longitudinal direction X.
- the purification device 10 includes a heating device, comprising a heating element 16 , arranged close to the purification device 14 , preferentially upstream of the purification component 14 .
- the heating element 16 is housed in the casing 12 .
- the heating element 16 is intended for preheating the purification device, in particular at the ignition of the engine or before the ignition.
- the heating element 16 has a general shape of revolution defined about an axis parallel to the longitudinal direction X.
- the heating element 16 is permeable to gas and, in particular, intended for letting through gases flowing along the longitudinal direction X (in particular exhaust gases, and air as will be subsequently described), so that the gases are heated when flowing through the heating element 16 .
- the heating element 16 comprises a metal grid.
- the heating element 16 can be made of a metal foam, or by any other suitable heating element, such as a honeycomb body. More particularly, the heating element 16 can be any resistive element suitable for transforming an electric current into heat.
- the heating element 16 extends over the entire passage section of the casing 12 , so that the gases flowing through the casing 12 necessarily flow across the heating element 16 . The gases are thus heated uniformly.
- the heating element 16 includes at least one, preferentially two electric terminals, through which the heating element 16 is intended to be electrically powered.
- each of these electric terminals is intended for being connected to a respective electrode.
- the purification device 10 includes at least one air injection nozzle 18 intended for injecting air into the housing. Preferentially the purification device 10 includes only one injection nozzle 18 .
- the air blown through the injection nozzle 18 makes it possible in particular to diffuse heat energy during the preheating of the purification component 14 by the heating element 16 .
- the injection nozzle 18 is arranged for running through the inlet part 12 B of the casing 12 .
- the injection nozzle 18 is oriented along the direction of the heating element 16 , i.e. the air flow injected through the injection nozzle 18 has a component, along the longitudinal axis X, oriented along the same direction as the direction of flow of an exhaust gas through the casing 12 , from upstream to downstream.
- the fact that the nozzle 18 is oriented so as to blow air in the same direction as the exhaust gas flow makes it possible to reduce the impact of the air flow on the circulation of the exhaust gas, and not to generate back pressure nor thermomechanical stresses on the nozzle 18 .
- This situation occurs in particular for the passive phases of the heating element 16 , i.e. when the engine is in normal operation, and is all the more true for the phases of full engine load.
- the purpose of such orientation is to minimize the deviation (masking) of the flow generated by the motor on the heating element 16 as well as on the purification component 14 .
- the injection nozzle 18 includes an end-piece 20 intended for optimizing the diffusion of air toward the heating element 16 .
- the end-piece 20 shown in greater detail in FIGS. 2 and 3 , includes a lateral wall 19 with a general shape of revolution.
- the end-piece 20 extends along an axis A.
- the lateral wall 19 has a general shape of revolution about the axis A.
- the end-piece 20 includes an upper part 20 A, intended for being arranged outside the casing 12 , and a lower part 20 B, intended for extending inside the casing 12 .
- the end-piece 20 runs through an opening 21 provided in the inlet part 12 B.
- the end-piece 20 includes a collar 22 separating the upper 20 A and lower 20 B parts.
- the collar 22 is intended to abut against the edge of the opening 21 .
- the collar 22 provides the joining by welding of the end-piece 20 onto the inlet part 12 B, preventing the projection of welding particles inside the purification device.
- the collar 22 is preferentially inclined with respect to the axis A, i.e. the collar extends in a plane forming a non-right angle with the axis A.
- the inclination of the collar 22 thus imposes the orientation of the end-piece 20 inside the casing 12 , i.e. the orientation of the lower part 20 B.
- a person skilled in the art designing the end-piece 20 would easily be able to choose the inclination of the collar 22 according to the desired orientation for the lower part 20 B.
- the lateral wall 19 has an inner surface 19 A and an outer surface 19 B.
- the inner surface 19 A and the outer surface 19 B are concentric, both having a general shape of revolution defined about the axis A.
- only the inner surface 19 A has a general shape of revolution defined about the axis A, the shape of the outer surface 19 B being less important for the diffusion of air.
- the end-piece 20 is oriented toward a central part of the heating element 16 .
- the axis A passes e.g. through the center of the heating element 16 .
- the axis A forms with the longitudinal axis X an angle within a range, e.g. between 0 and 75°, preferentially between 5 and 60°, and further preferentially between 10 and 45°.
- the end-piece 20 includes, in the lower part 20 B thereof, at least one air outlet port.
- the lateral wall 19 includes, in the lower part 20 B, at least one air outlet port, and preferentially a plurality of air outlet ports, called first air outlet ports 24 .
- each first air outlet port 24 has a circular shape.
- the first air outlet ports 24 could have other possible shapes, e.g. oblong, rectangular, triangular or other.
- the first air outlet ports 24 do not necessarily all have the same shape.
- the first air outlet ports 24 are distributed circumferentially throughout the entire periphery of the lateral wall 19 .
- air is injected, through the air outlet ports 24 , in all directions, which allows the air to arrive substantially homogeneously onto the heating element 16 .
- the first air outlet ports 24 are aligned circumferentially, in a plurality of rows superposed along the direction of the axis A, e.g., in the example described, in three rows.
- every row e.g. the distance between two adjacent first air outlet ports 24 is less than the diameter of each of the two first air outlet ports 24 .
- the lateral wall 19 has, at least in the lower part 20 B, a general frustoconical shape.
- the first air outlet ports 24 are oriented along a direction forming a non-right angle with the axis A.
- angle of a cone formed by the frustoconical shape is preferentially less than 80°.
- the axis of the first outlet ports 24 is 10° with respect to axis A.
- the lower part 20 B could be cylindrical, in which case the axis of the first outlet ports 24 is 90° with respect to the axis A.
- the end-piece 20 includes in addition, a bottom wall 26 , provided at a distal end of the end-piece 20 .
- the end-piece 20 comprises at least one air outlet port formed in said bottom wall 26 , called the second air outlet port 28 .
- the bottom wall 26 cannot include a port.
- the bottom wall 26 includes two second air outlet ports 28 , preferentially arranged radially close to an outer edge of the bottom wall 26 .
- One of the second air outlet ports 28 is, for example, bounded by a straight edge and a curved edge the ends of which are connected to the ends of the straight edge.
- One of the second air outlet ports 28 is, for example, delimited by two parallel long, curved edges, connected at the ends thereof by two short edges.
- the second air outlet ports 28 with other forms, e.g. with a circular, rectangular, triangular, oblong edge, or any conceivable form.
- the end-piece 20 includes an air inlet opening 30 , visible in FIG. 3 , connected to the nozzle 18 .
- the air inlet opening 30 has an air inlet cross-section, and each air outlet opening 24 , 28 has its own air outlet cross-section, such that the sum of the surface areas of the air outlet cross-sections is comprised between 20% and 200% of the surface area of the air inlet cross-section.
- the sum of the surface areas of the air outlet cross-sections is greater than the surface area of the air inlet cross-section.
- the end-piece 20 does not imply a back pressure resisting the flow of injected air.
- the end-piece 20 has an internal duct widening from the air inlet opening 30 to as far as the lower part 20 B.
- the end-piece 20 includes a flange 32 for fastening the end-piece 20 to the nozzle 18 .
- end-piece 20 is, for example, manufactured by the following manufacturing method.
- the manufacturing method includes the production of the flange 32 and of a tube.
- the method then includes the deformation of the tube, so as to form the collar 22 .
- the tube is also preferentially deformed, in the lower part thereof, so as to form the lower part 20 B with a shape, e.g. in the form with a frustoconical shape.
- the method then includes the drilling of the first air outlet ports 24 .
- the method includes the joining of the flange 32 with the tube, for forming the end-piece 20 .
- the joining is performed, for example, by welding.
- the method advantageously includes the production of the bottom wall 26 , preferentially comprising the second outlet port or ports 28 , and the joining of the bottom wall 26 with the tube at the end thereof by welding, for example.
- the end-piece 20 thus formed is directly mounted onto the purification device 10 , more particularly in the opening 21 of the inlet part 12 B, so that the collar 22 rests against the edge of the opening 21 .
- the collar 22 is then preferentially welded to said edge of the opening 21 .
- the collar 22 provides the joining by welding of the end-piece 20 on the inlet part 12 B, preventing the projection of welding particles inside the purification device.
- the end-piece 20 could be produced by casting, or any other conceivable method.
- the end-piece 20 can be used for diffusing the air homogeneously toward the heating element 16 .
- the air arriving in the end-piece 20 is distributed between the plurality of outlet ports, which creates turbulence in the air flow and makes it possible to obtain a good homogeneity and a good velocity of the air on the heating element 16 .
Abstract
Description
- This application is a U.S. non-provisional application claiming the benefit of French Application No. 21 11668, filed on Nov. 3, 2021, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
- The present disclosure relates to the field of exhaust gas purification devices, in particular for an internal combustion engine. Such a purification device is intended for being arranged in the exhaust line of the internal combustion engine.
- The internal combustion engine is e.g. fitted to a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, a public transport vehicle or a freight transport vehicle, a marine vehicle, or any other conceivable vehicle. The internal combustion engine can also equip a fixed installation.
- Exhaust lines of vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines usually include catalytic purification components, e.g. for converting NOx, CO and hydrocarbons into N2, CO2 and H2O. Such components are generally effective only when the catalytic material is at a temperature above a predefined temperature threshold.
- To this end, purification devices have been developed comprising a heating element mounted opposite the upstream face of a purification component, so as to accelerate the heating of the purification component when the vehicle is started.
- Thus, an exhaust gas purification device is already known from the prior art, in particular for an internal combustion engine, which includes a casing extending along a longitudinal direction, a purification component housed in the casing, and a heating element arranged near the purification component.
- In order to improve such a purification device, it is known how to arrange an air inlet nozzle opening into the casing, blowing air into the casing, in particular in order to avoid overheating of the heating element.
- The subject disclosure provides an improved purification device.
- To this end, the subject matter of the disclosure is in particular a purification device for exhaust gases, in particular for an internal combustion engine, comprising a casing wherein an exhaust gas is intended to flow, a purification component housed in the casing, a heating element arranged in the vicinity of the purification component, and an air inlet nozzle opening into the casing. The air inlet nozzle is equipped with an end-piece, the end-piece including a lateral wall with a general shape of revolution, and at least a first air outlet port being formed in the lateral wall.
- The end-piece, arranged at the end of an air inlet nozzle, is used for diffusing the air so as to spray the heating element as homogeneously as possible. In this way it is possible both to cool the heating element, and also to diffuse the heat from the heating element toward the purification component in the most homogeneous way possible. Due to the homogeneous diffusion, the purification component does not have any overheated point. As a result, the lifetime of the purification component is increased. Moreover, such homogeneous diffusion makes it possible to increase the maximum acceptable power of the heating element. Thus, the above advantageously results in a reduced catalysis initiation time.
- The end-piece according to the disclosure can further include one or a plurality of the following features, taken individually or according to all technically conceivable combinations.
-
- The end-piece has a bottom wall, provided at a distal end of the end-piece.
- The end-piece has at least one second air outlet port provided in the bottom wall.
- Every second air outlet port of the bottom wall is chosen from: an air outlet port delimited by a straight edge and a curved edge, the ends of which are connected to the ends of the straight edge, and/or an air outlet defined by two parallel long, curved edges, connected at the ends thereof by two short edges, and/or a circular air outlet.
- The lateral wall of the end-piece has a generally frustoconical shape on at least a lower part of this end-piece.
- The end-piece has an upper part and a lower part separated by a collar.
- The lateral wall of the end-piece has, in the lower part, an inner surface with a general shape of revolution about an axis, the collar extending in a plane forming a non-right angle with respect to the axis.
- The end-piece comprises, in the upper part, an air inlet opening, and a duct widening from the air inlet opening to the lower part.
- The end-piece comprises an air inlet opening, an air inlet cross-section, every air outlet opening having an air outlet cross-section, such that the sum of the surface areas of the air outlet cross-sections is comprised between 20% and 200% of the surface area of the air inlet cross-section, preferentially greater than 100%.
- The air inlet nozzle is oriented toward the heating element.
- The purification device has only one air inlet nozzle.
- Different aspects and advantages of the disclosure will appear upon reading the following description, given only as an example, and making reference to the annexed figures, amongst which:
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a purification system according to an example of embodiment of the disclosure; -
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an end-piece of an air injection nozzle of the purification device shown inFIG. 1 ; and -
FIG. 3 is an axial section view of the end-piece shown inFIG. 2 . -
FIG. 1 shows apurification device 10 according to an example of embodiment of the disclosure, intended for equipping an exhaust line of an internal combustion engine. - The
purification device 10 is arranged in the exhaust line between an upstream section and a downstream section. The terms “upstream” and “downstream” are considered depending on the direction of flow of the exhaust gases in the exhaust line. - The
purification device 10 includes acasing 12 extending along a longitudinal direction X and delimiting a housing. In one example, thecasing 12 is made of a metallic material. - The
casing 12 includes acentral part 12A, an inlet part 12B, and anoutlet part 12C. - The inlet part 12B closes the housing on the upstream side, and the
outlet part 12C closes the housing on the downstream side. - The inlet part 12B has a shape widening from an
inlet pipe 13 of the upstream section to as far as thecentral part 12A. The inlet part 12B has a shape, e.g. a general frustoconical shape, or any shape which widens. - The
purification device 10 includes apurification component 14 housed in thecasing 12 so that the exhaust gases circulating in thecasing 12 flow through thepurification component 14. Thepurification device 14 is an exhaust gas after-treatment component, e.g. a three-way catalyst, a diesel oxidation catalyst, an SCR catalyst, or is of any other suitable type. Thepurification component 14 preferentially has a general shape of revolution about an axis parallel to the longitudinal direction X. - Conventionally, the
purification device 10 includes a heating device, comprising aheating element 16, arranged close to thepurification device 14, preferentially upstream of thepurification component 14. - The
heating element 16 is housed in thecasing 12. Theheating element 16 is intended for preheating the purification device, in particular at the ignition of the engine or before the ignition. - Advantageously, the
heating element 16 has a general shape of revolution defined about an axis parallel to the longitudinal direction X. - The
heating element 16 is permeable to gas and, in particular, intended for letting through gases flowing along the longitudinal direction X (in particular exhaust gases, and air as will be subsequently described), so that the gases are heated when flowing through theheating element 16. - Preferentially, the
heating element 16 comprises a metal grid. In a variant, theheating element 16 can be made of a metal foam, or by any other suitable heating element, such as a honeycomb body. More particularly, theheating element 16 can be any resistive element suitable for transforming an electric current into heat. - The
heating element 16 extends over the entire passage section of thecasing 12, so that the gases flowing through thecasing 12 necessarily flow across theheating element 16. The gases are thus heated uniformly. - Conventionally, the
heating element 16 includes at least one, preferentially two electric terminals, through which theheating element 16 is intended to be electrically powered. For this purpose, each of these electric terminals is intended for being connected to a respective electrode. - The
purification device 10 according to the disclosure includes at least oneair injection nozzle 18 intended for injecting air into the housing. Preferentially thepurification device 10 includes only oneinjection nozzle 18. - The air blown through the
injection nozzle 18 makes it possible in particular to diffuse heat energy during the preheating of thepurification component 14 by theheating element 16. - Advantageously, the
injection nozzle 18 is arranged for running through the inlet part 12B of thecasing 12. - The
injection nozzle 18 is oriented along the direction of theheating element 16, i.e. the air flow injected through theinjection nozzle 18 has a component, along the longitudinal axis X, oriented along the same direction as the direction of flow of an exhaust gas through thecasing 12, from upstream to downstream. The fact that thenozzle 18 is oriented so as to blow air in the same direction as the exhaust gas flow makes it possible to reduce the impact of the air flow on the circulation of the exhaust gas, and not to generate back pressure nor thermomechanical stresses on thenozzle 18. This situation occurs in particular for the passive phases of theheating element 16, i.e. when the engine is in normal operation, and is all the more true for the phases of full engine load. The purpose of such orientation is to minimize the deviation (masking) of the flow generated by the motor on theheating element 16 as well as on thepurification component 14. - The
injection nozzle 18 includes an end-piece 20 intended for optimizing the diffusion of air toward theheating element 16. - The end-
piece 20, shown in greater detail inFIGS. 2 and 3 , includes alateral wall 19 with a general shape of revolution. - The end-
piece 20 extends along an axis A. In the example described, thelateral wall 19 has a general shape of revolution about the axis A. - The end-
piece 20 includes an upper part 20A, intended for being arranged outside thecasing 12, and a lower part 20B, intended for extending inside thecasing 12. Thus, the end-piece 20 runs through anopening 21 provided in the inlet part 12B. - Advantageously, the end-
piece 20 includes acollar 22 separating the upper 20A and lower 20B parts. Thecollar 22 is intended to abut against the edge of theopening 21. Thecollar 22 provides the joining by welding of the end-piece 20 onto the inlet part 12B, preventing the projection of welding particles inside the purification device. - The
collar 22 is preferentially inclined with respect to the axis A, i.e. the collar extends in a plane forming a non-right angle with the axis A. The inclination of thecollar 22 thus imposes the orientation of the end-piece 20 inside thecasing 12, i.e. the orientation of the lower part 20B. A person skilled in the art designing the end-piece 20 would easily be able to choose the inclination of thecollar 22 according to the desired orientation for the lower part 20B. - More particularly, in the lower part 20B, the
lateral wall 19 has aninner surface 19A and an outer surface 19B. In the example described, theinner surface 19A and the outer surface 19B are concentric, both having a general shape of revolution defined about the axis A. However, in a variant, only theinner surface 19A has a general shape of revolution defined about the axis A, the shape of the outer surface 19B being less important for the diffusion of air. - In a preferred embodiment, the end-
piece 20 is oriented toward a central part of theheating element 16. The axis A passes e.g. through the center of theheating element 16. - The axis A forms with the longitudinal axis X an angle within a range, e.g. between 0 and 75°, preferentially between 5 and 60°, and further preferentially between 10 and 45°.
- As shown in
FIGS. 2 and 3 , the end-piece 20 includes, in the lower part 20B thereof, at least one air outlet port. - More particularly, the
lateral wall 19 includes, in the lower part 20B, at least one air outlet port, and preferentially a plurality of air outlet ports, called firstair outlet ports 24. - In the example described, each first
air outlet port 24 has a circular shape. However, in a variant, the firstair outlet ports 24 could have other possible shapes, e.g. oblong, rectangular, triangular or other. Moreover, the firstair outlet ports 24 do not necessarily all have the same shape. - Advantageously, the first
air outlet ports 24 are distributed circumferentially throughout the entire periphery of thelateral wall 19. Thus, air is injected, through theair outlet ports 24, in all directions, which allows the air to arrive substantially homogeneously onto theheating element 16. - Preferentially, the first
air outlet ports 24 are aligned circumferentially, in a plurality of rows superposed along the direction of the axis A, e.g., in the example described, in three rows. - In every row e.g. the distance between two adjacent first
air outlet ports 24 is less than the diameter of each of the two firstair outlet ports 24. - According to the embodiment described, the
lateral wall 19 has, at least in the lower part 20B, a general frustoconical shape. Thus, the firstair outlet ports 24 are oriented along a direction forming a non-right angle with the axis A. - It should be noted that the angle of a cone formed by the frustoconical shape is preferentially less than 80°.
- It is thus possible to envisage an extra flat cone with an angle of 80° with respect to the axis A. In such case, the axis of the
first outlet ports 24 is 10° with respect to axis A. - According to a variant (not shown), the lower part 20B could be cylindrical, in which case the axis of the
first outlet ports 24 is 90° with respect to the axis A. - Advantageously, the end-
piece 20 includes in addition, abottom wall 26, provided at a distal end of the end-piece 20. - In the embodiment described, the end-
piece 20 comprises at least one air outlet port formed in saidbottom wall 26, called the secondair outlet port 28. In a variant, thebottom wall 26 cannot include a port. - In the example described, the
bottom wall 26 includes two secondair outlet ports 28, preferentially arranged radially close to an outer edge of thebottom wall 26. - One of the second
air outlet ports 28 is, for example, bounded by a straight edge and a curved edge the ends of which are connected to the ends of the straight edge. - One of the second
air outlet ports 28 is, for example, delimited by two parallel long, curved edges, connected at the ends thereof by two short edges. - It is also possible to provide the second
air outlet ports 28 with other forms, e.g. with a circular, rectangular, triangular, oblong edge, or any conceivable form. - It should be noted that the end-
piece 20 includes anair inlet opening 30, visible inFIG. 3 , connected to thenozzle 18. Theair inlet opening 30 has an air inlet cross-section, and eachair outlet opening - Preferentially, the sum of the surface areas of the air outlet cross-sections is greater than the surface area of the air inlet cross-section. Thus, the end-
piece 20 does not imply a back pressure resisting the flow of injected air. - Advantageously, in the upper part 20A, the end-
piece 20 has an internal duct widening from the air inlet opening 30 to as far as the lower part 20B. - Preferentially, the end-
piece 20 includes aflange 32 for fastening the end-piece 20 to thenozzle 18. - It should be noted that the end-
piece 20 is, for example, manufactured by the following manufacturing method. - The manufacturing method includes the production of the
flange 32 and of a tube. - The method then includes the deformation of the tube, so as to form the
collar 22. - The tube is also preferentially deformed, in the lower part thereof, so as to form the lower part 20B with a shape, e.g. in the form with a frustoconical shape.
- The method then includes the drilling of the first
air outlet ports 24. - Finally, the method includes the joining of the
flange 32 with the tube, for forming the end-piece 20. The joining is performed, for example, by welding. - It should be noted that the method advantageously includes the production of the
bottom wall 26, preferentially comprising the second outlet port orports 28, and the joining of thebottom wall 26 with the tube at the end thereof by welding, for example. - The end-
piece 20 thus formed is directly mounted onto thepurification device 10, more particularly in theopening 21 of the inlet part 12B, so that thecollar 22 rests against the edge of theopening 21. Thecollar 22 is then preferentially welded to said edge of theopening 21. Thecollar 22 provides the joining by welding of the end-piece 20 on the inlet part 12B, preventing the projection of welding particles inside the purification device. - In a variant, the end-
piece 20 could be produced by casting, or any other conceivable method. - It appears that the end-
piece 20 according to the disclosure can be used for diffusing the air homogeneously toward theheating element 16. The air arriving in the end-piece 20 is distributed between the plurality of outlet ports, which creates turbulence in the air flow and makes it possible to obtain a good homogeneity and a good velocity of the air on theheating element 16. - It should be noted that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiment described above, but could have various supplementary variants.
Claims (12)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR2111668 | 2021-11-03 | ||
FR2111668A FR3128736A1 (en) | 2021-11-03 | 2021-11-03 | Exhaust gas purification device comprising an improved air inlet nozzle |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20230138976A1 true US20230138976A1 (en) | 2023-05-04 |
US11795856B2 US11795856B2 (en) | 2023-10-24 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US17/978,277 Active US11795856B2 (en) | 2021-11-03 | 2022-11-01 | Exhaust gas purification device with improved air inlet nozzle |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US11795856B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN116066213A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102022128478A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3128736A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20080022907A1 (en) * | 2006-07-28 | 2008-01-31 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Ash fluidization system and method |
DE102019134859A1 (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-06-24 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Secondary air system and exhaust system with such a secondary air system |
FR3107304A1 (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2021-08-20 | Renault Sas | CATALYTIC DEVICE FOR TREATMENT OF EXHAUST GASES FROM AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006017004B3 (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2007-10-25 | Airbus Deutschland Gmbh | Device for mixing fresh air and heating air and use thereof in a ventilation system of an aircraft |
DE102018108592A1 (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2019-10-17 | Eberspächer Exhaust Technology GmbH & Co. KG | Gas / gas mixer for introducing gas into the exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine |
FR3109606B1 (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2022-04-22 | Renault Sas | CATALYTIC DEVICE FOR TREATMENT OF ENGINE EXHAUST GAS, COMPRISING AN AIR INJECTION MEMB |
-
2021
- 2021-11-03 FR FR2111668A patent/FR3128736A1/en active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-10-27 DE DE102022128478.6A patent/DE102022128478A1/en active Pending
- 2022-11-01 US US17/978,277 patent/US11795856B2/en active Active
- 2022-11-02 CN CN202211361439.8A patent/CN116066213A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20080022907A1 (en) * | 2006-07-28 | 2008-01-31 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Ash fluidization system and method |
DE102019134859A1 (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-06-24 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Secondary air system and exhaust system with such a secondary air system |
FR3107304A1 (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2021-08-20 | Renault Sas | CATALYTIC DEVICE FOR TREATMENT OF EXHAUST GASES FROM AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN116066213A (en) | 2023-05-05 |
US11795856B2 (en) | 2023-10-24 |
FR3128736A1 (en) | 2023-05-05 |
DE102022128478A1 (en) | 2023-05-04 |
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