US20230131645A1 - Systems and methods for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle - Google Patents
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Definitions
- Some embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle. More particularly, certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide systems and methods for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of a vehicle. Merely by way of example, the present disclosure has been applied to determining a total amount of carbon emissions by determining carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage, an operating stage, and a decommissioning stage of the vehicle. But it would be recognized that the present disclosure has much broader range of applicability.
- Carbon emissions from vehicles represent a major contributor to climate change. While new vehicle technologies have been developed to curb carbon emissions, the continued use of vehicles for private transportation will cause the amount of carbon emissions to remain high or even increase. Hence it is highly desirable to develop more accurate techniques for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by each vehicle during its life cycle, which may be used for future remedial actions.
- Some embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle. More particularly, certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods and systems for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of a vehicle. Merely by way of example, the present disclosure has been applied to determining a total amount of carbon emissions by determining carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage, an operating stage, and a decommissioning stage of the vehicle But it would be recognized that the present disclosure has much broader range of applicability.
- a method for determining total carbon emissions of a first vehicle includes determining a first amount of carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage of the first vehicle. The method further includes collecting driving data for one or more trips made by the first vehicle during an operating stage of the first vehicle and determining a second amount of carbon emissions produced during the operating stage of the first vehicle based at least in part upon the driving data.
- the driving data includes information related to one or more driving behaviors of one or more drivers of the first vehicle.
- the method includes determining a third amount of carbon emissions produced during a decommissioning stage of the first vehicle.
- the method includes determining the total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of the first vehicle based at least upon the first amount of carbon emissions, the second amount of carbon emissions, and the third amount of carbon emissions.
- the life cycle of the first vehicle includes the commissioning stage of the first vehicle, the operating stage of the first vehicle, and the decommissioning stage of the first vehicle.
- a computing device for determining total carbon emissions of a first vehicle includes one or more processors and a memory that stores instructions for execution by the one or more processors.
- the instructions when executed, cause the one or more processors to determine a first amount of carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage of the first vehicle.
- the instructions when executed, cause the one or more processors to collect driving data for one or more trips made by the first vehicle during an operating stage of the first vehicle and determine a second amount of carbon emissions produced during the operating stage of the first vehicle based at least in part upon the driving data.
- the driving data includes information related to one or more driving behaviors of one or more drivers of the first vehicle.
- the instructions when executed, cause the one or more processors to determine a third amount of carbon emissions produced during a decommissioning stage of the first vehicle. Additionally, the instructions, when executed, cause the one or more processors to determine the total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of the first vehicle based at least upon the first amount of carbon emissions, the second amount of carbon emissions, and the third amount of carbon emissions.
- the life cycle of the first vehicle includes the commissioning stage of the first vehicle, the operating stage of the first vehicle, and the decommissioning stage of the first vehicle.
- a non-transitory computer-readable medium stores instructions for determining total carbon emissions of a first vehicle.
- the instructions are executed by one or more processors of a computing device.
- the non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions to determine a first amount of carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage of the first vehicle.
- the non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions to collect driving data for one or more trips made by the first vehicle during an operating stage of the first vehicle and determine a second amount of carbon emissions produced during the operating stage of the first vehicle based at least in part upon the driving data.
- the driving data includes information related to one or more driving behaviors of one or more drivers of the first vehicle.
- the non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions to determine a third amount of carbon emissions produced during a decommissioning stage of the first vehicle. Additionally, the non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions to determine the total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of the first vehicle based at least upon the first amount of carbon emissions, the second amount of carbon emissions, and the third amount of carbon emissions.
- the life cycle of the first vehicle includes the commissioning stage of the first vehicle, the operating stage of the first vehicle, and the decommissioning stage of the first vehicle.
- FIG. 1 is a simplified method for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.
- FIGS. 2 A and 2 B are a simplified method for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- FIGS. 3 A- 3 D are a simplified method for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 4 is a simplified method for training an artificial neural network according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a system for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 6 is a simplified diagram showing a computing device, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- Some embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle. More particularly, certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods and systems for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of a vehicle. Merely by way of example, the present disclosure has been applied to determining a total amount of carbon emissions by determining carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage, an operating stage, and a decommissioning stage of the vehicle But it would be recognized that the present disclosure has much broader range of applicability.
- FIG. 1 is a simplified diagram showing a method 100 for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.
- This diagram is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims.
- the method 100 is performed by a computing device (e.g., a server 406 ).
- a computing device e.g., a server 406
- any computing device e.g., a mobile device 402 .
- the method 100 includes process 102 for determining a first amount of carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage of a vehicle, process 104 for collecting driving data for one or more trips made by the vehicle during an operating stage of the vehicle, process 106 for determining a second amount of carbon emissions produced during the operating stage of the vehicle based at least in part upon the driving data, process 108 for determining a third amount of carbon emissions produced during a decommissioning stage of the vehicle, and process 110 for determining the total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of the vehicle based at least upon the first amount of carbon emissions, the second amount of carbon emissions, and the third amount of carbon emissions.
- the commissioning stage of the vehicle includes construction of the vehicle according to some embodiments.
- the first amount of carbon emissions produced during the commissioning stage of the vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during construction (e.g., manufacturing) of the vehicle, including construction (e.g., manufacturing) of all the vehicle parts of the vehicle.
- the first amount of carbon emissions produced during the commissioning stage of the vehicle depends in part upon a make, a type, and/or a model of the vehicle according to certain embodiments.
- the first amount of carbon emissions produced during the commissioning stage of the vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the vehicle to a destination (e.g., a distributor or a location indicated by an owner of the vehicle).
- the first amount of carbon emissions depends in part upon a transportation method that has been used to deliver the vehicle to the distributor or the owner of the vehicle.
- the transportation method may include an auto transport trailer (also known as a car hauler), a train, a boat, and/or an airplane. It should be appreciated that, in some embodiments, the transportation method may be provided by a third party.
- the driving data includes information related to one or more driving behaviors of one or more drivers of the vehicle.
- the one or more driving behaviors represent a manner in which the one or more drivers have operated the vehicle.
- the driving behaviors indicate the one or more drivers’ driving habits and/or driving patterns associated with the vehicle.
- the driving data is used to determine carbon emissions generated by the vehicle during the operating stage of the vehicle according to some embodiments.
- the driving data is received, obtained, or otherwise collected from one or more sensors associated with the vehicle.
- the one or more sensors include any type and number of accelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetometers, location sensors (e.g., GPS sensors), tilt sensors, yaw rate sensors, speedometers, steering angle sensors, brake sensors, proximity detectors, and/or any other suitable sensors that measure vehicle state and/or operation.
- the one or more sensors are part of or located in the vehicle.
- the one or more sensors are part of a computing device (e.g., a mobile device of the one or more drivers) that is connected to the vehicle while the vehicle is in operation.
- the driving data is collected continuously or at predetermined time intervals. According to some embodiments, the driving data is collected based on a triggering event. For example, the driving data is collected when each sensor has acquired a threshold amount of sensor measurements. According to other embodiments, the driving data may be received, obtained, or otherwise collected from a server (e.g., a server 406 ) associated with an insurance provider.
- a server e.g., a server 406
- the second amount of carbon emissions produced by the vehicle during the operating stage is determined based in part upon the driving data.
- the second amount of carbon emissions produced by the vehicle depends on how the one or more drivers of the vehicle operated the vehicle.
- the one or more vehicle parts of the vehicle may be replaced with one or more new replacement parts during the operating stage of the vehicle.
- the replacement parts may include a tire, an air filter, a brake pad, a window, a bumper, and/or a battery.
- the second amount of carbon emissions produced by the vehicle during the operating stage is determined based in part upon the driving data and replacement data.
- the replacement data includes information related to the one or more new replacement parts that replaced the one or more used vehicle parts of the vehicle. Accordingly, the second amount of carbon emissions also includes an amount of carbon emissions produced during construction of the new replacement parts based in part upon the replacement data.
- the second amount of carbon emissions further includes an amount of carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the new replacement parts based upon a transportation method that has been used to deliver the new replacement parts to the vehicle. Additionally or alternatively, an amount of carbon emissions produced during deconstruction of the one or more used vehicle parts of the vehicle.
- the decommissioning stage of the vehicle includes deconstruction of the vehicle according to some embodiments.
- the third amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during deconstruction (e.g., destroyed or recycled) of the vehicle, including deconstruction (e.g., destroyed or recycled) of all the vehicle parts of the vehicle.
- the third amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the vehicle depends in part upon a make, a type, and/or a model of the vehicle according to certain embodiments.
- the third amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the vehicle to a vehicle dismantling place (e.g., junkyard, wrecking yard, auto dismantling yard, car spare parts supplier, auto or vehicle recycling).
- a vehicle dismantling place e.g., junkyard, wrecking yard, auto dismantling yard, car spare parts supplier, auto or vehicle recycling.
- the third amount of carbon emissions depends in part upon a transportation method that has been used to deliver the vehicle to the vehicle dismantling place.
- the life cycle of the vehicle includes the commissioning stage, the operating stage, and the decommissioning stage of the vehicle.
- the life cycle of the vehicle represents from the manufacturing of the vehicle parts to the deconstruction of the vehicle.
- FIGS. 2 A and 2 B are a simplified method for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.
- This diagram is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims.
- One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize many variations, alternatives, and modifications.
- the method 200 is performed by a computing device (e.g., a server 406 ).
- a computing device e.g., a server 406
- any computing device e.g., a mobile device 402 .
- the method 200 includes process 202 for determining carbon emissions produced during construction of a vehicle, process 204 for determining a transportation method that has been used to deliver the vehicle to a destination, process 206 for determining carbon emissions produced during transportation of the vehicle to the destination based upon the transportation method, process 208 for determining a first amount of carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage of the vehicle, process 210 for collecting driving data for one or more trips made by the vehicle during an operating stage of the vehicle, process 212 for analyzing the driving data to determine one or more driving features for the one or more driving behaviors of the one or more drivers of the vehicle, process 214 for determining a second amount of carbon emissions produced during the operating stage of the vehicle based at least in part upon the driving features, process 216 for determining a third amount of carbon emissions produced during a decommissioning stage of the vehicle, and process 218 for determining the total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of the vehicle based at least upon the first amount of carbon emissions, the second amount of carbon emissions, and the third amount of carbon emissions
- carbon emissions produced during construction (e.g., manufacturing) of the vehicle include carbon emissions produced during manufacturing of all the vehicle parts of the vehicle and carbon emissions produced during manufacturing of the vehicle using the vehicle parts according to some embodiments.
- the carbon emissions produced during the construction of the vehicle depend in part upon a make, a type, and/or a model of the vehicle.
- the carbon emissions produced during the construction of the vehicle may be provided by a third party. As an example, a car manufacturing company may provide such information.
- the carbon emissions produced during construction of the vehicle further includes carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the vehicle parts to a destination location (e.g., a manufacturer) to make the vehicle.
- a destination location e.g., a manufacturer
- one or more transportation methods that have been used to deliver the vehicle parts to the destination location to make the vehicle are determined.
- the vehicle parts may be transported to its destination location by an auto transport trailer (also known as a car hauler), a train, a boat, and/or an airplane.
- the one or more transportation methods may be provided by one or more third parties.
- the transportation method that has been used to deliver the vehicle to a final destination location is determined.
- the final destination location may be a distributor, a dealership, and/or a location indicated by an owner of the vehicle.
- the vehicle may be transported to the final destination location by an auto transport trailer (also known as a car hauler), a train, a boat, and/or an airplane.
- an auto transport trailer also known as a car hauler
- the transportation method may be provided by a third party.
- the carbon emissions produced during the transportation of the vehicle to the destination is determined based upon the transportation method.
- the first amount of carbon emissions produced during the commissioning stage of the vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during the construction of the vehicle and/or the transportation of the vehicle.
- the first amount of carbon emissions produced during the commissioning stage of the vehicle includes the carbon emissions produced during the manufacturing of all the vehicle parts that make up the vehicle, the carbon emissions produced during the transportation of the vehicle parts to a manufacturer of the vehicle, the carbon emissions produced during the manufacturing of the vehicle, and/or the carbon emissions produced during the transportation of the vehicle to the final destination.
- the driving data includes information related to one or more driving behaviors of one or more drivers of the vehicle.
- the one or more driving behaviors represent a manner in which the one or more drivers have operated the vehicle.
- the driving behaviors indicate the one or more drivers’ driving habits and/or driving patterns associated with the vehicle.
- the driving data is used to determine carbon emissions generated by the vehicle during the operating stage of the vehicle according to some embodiments.
- the driving data is received, obtained, or otherwise collected from one or more sensors associated with the vehicle.
- the one or more sensors include any type and number of accelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetometers, location sensors (e.g., GPS sensors), tilt sensors, yaw rate sensors, speedometers, steering angle sensors, brake sensors, proximity detectors, and/or any other suitable sensors that measure vehicle state and/or operation.
- the one or more sensors are part of or located in the vehicle.
- the one or more sensors are part of a computing device (e.g., a mobile device of the one or more drivers) that is connected to the vehicle while the vehicle is in operation.
- the driving data are collected continuously or at predetermined time intervals. According to some embodiments, the driving data are collected based on a triggering event. For example, the driving data are collected when each sensor has acquired a threshold amount of sensor measurements. According to other embodiments, the driving data may be received, obtained, or otherwise collected from a server (e.g., a server 406 ) associated with an insurance provider.
- a server e.g., a server 406
- the one or more driving features are related to a fuel consumption efficiency associated with the vehicle.
- the amount of carbon emissions generated by the vehicle is related to a fuel consumption efficiency of the one or more drivers of the vehicle.
- the fuel consumption efficiency indicates how fuel has been consumed during the respective trip given one or more driving features of the one or more drivers.
- the one or more driving features indicate various driving maneuvers made by the one or more drivers that can have an impact on the amount of fuel consumed including braking (e.g., excessive braking, sudden braking, braking while reaching a turn, braking while driving in a turn), acceleration (e.g., rapid acceleration, prolonged acceleration, acceleration while driving in a turn, accelerating while exiting a turn), cornering (e.g., sharp turning, swerving), speeding (e.g., cruising, adopting speed limits), lane changing, tailgating, idling, timing of gear shifting, and/or other suitable maneuvers.
- the one or more driving features are classified by their level of severity (e.g., speed and duration at which a maneuver is performed).
- the one or more driving features include a first set of driving features that reduce the carbon emissions generated by the vehicle (e.g., increase the fuel consumption efficiency) and a second set of driving features that increase the carbon emissions generated by the vehicle (e.g., decrease the fuel consumption efficiency).
- a type of maneuver belonging to the first set of driving features includes performing smooth acceleration at moderate rates which tends to increase the fuel consumption efficiency, thereby reducing the carbon emissions.
- a type of maneuver belonging to the second set of driving features includes using excessive braking which tends to decrease fuel consumption efficiency, thereby increasing the carbon emissions.
- a type of maneuver belonging to the first set of driving features includes avoiding constant acceleration by remaining in one lane which tends to increase the fuel consumption efficiency, thereby reducing the carbon emissions.
- a type of maneuver belonging to the second set of driving features includes making unnecessary braking and acceleration by tailgating which tends to decrease fuel consumption efficiency, thereby increasing the carbon emissions.
- the driving data includes information related to time, distance, and/or a driving behavior associated with each trip made by the one or more drivers.
- the driving behaviors represent a manner in which the one or more drivers have operated the vehicle.
- the driving behaviors indicate the one or more drivers’ driving habits and/or driving patterns associated with the vehicle.
- the driving data may be used to determine an amount of carbon emissions generated by the vehicle.
- the second amount of carbon emissions produced by the vehicle during the operating stage is determined based in part upon the driving features. In other words, the second amount of carbon emissions produced by the vehicle depends on how the one or more drivers of the vehicle operated the vehicle.
- the one or more vehicle parts of the vehicle may be replaced with one or more new replacement parts during the operating stage of the vehicle.
- the replacement parts may include a tire, an air filter, a brake pad, a window, a bumper, and/or a battery.
- the second amount of carbon emissions produced by the vehicle during the operating stage is determined based in part upon the driving data and replacement data.
- the replacement data includes information related to the one or more new replacement parts that replaced the one or more used vehicle parts of the vehicle. Accordingly, the second amount of carbon emissions also includes an amount of carbon emissions produced during construction of the new replacement parts based in part upon the replacement data.
- the second amount of carbon emissions further includes an amount of carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the new replacement parts based upon a transportation method that has been used to deliver the new replacement parts to the vehicle. Additionally or alternatively, an amount of carbon emissions produced during deconstruction of the one or more used vehicle parts of the vehicle.
- the third amount of carbon emissions produced by the vehicle during the decommissioning stage of the vehicle is determined.
- the decommissioning stage of the vehicle includes deconstruction of the vehicle.
- the third amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during deconstruction (e.g., destroyed or recycled) of the vehicle, including deconstruction (e.g., destroyed or recycled) of all the vehicle parts of the vehicle.
- the third amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the vehicle depends in part upon a make, a type, and/or a model of the vehicle according to certain embodiments.
- the third amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the vehicle to a vehicle dismantling place (e.g., junkyard, wrecking yard, auto dismantling yard, car spare parts supplier, auto or vehicle recycling).
- a vehicle dismantling place e.g., junkyard, wrecking yard, auto dismantling yard, car spare parts supplier, auto or vehicle recycling.
- the third amount of carbon emissions depends in part upon a transportation method that has been used to deliver the vehicle to the vehicle dismantling place.
- the life cycle of the vehicle includes the commissioning stage, the operating stage, and the decommissioning stage of the vehicle.
- the life cycle of the vehicle represents from the manufacturing of the vehicle parts to the deconstruction of the vehicle.
- FIGS. 3 A- 3 D are a simplified method for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.
- This diagram is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims.
- One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize many variations, alternatives, and modifications.
- the method 300 is performed by a computing device (e.g., a server 406 ).
- a computing device e.g., a server 406
- any computing device e.g., a mobile device 402 .
- the method 300 includes process 302 for determining carbon emissions produced during construction of a current vehicle, process 304 for determining a transportation method that has been used to deliver the current vehicle to a destination, process 306 for determining carbon emissions produced during transportation of the current vehicle to the destination based upon the transportation method, process 308 for determining a first amount of carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage of the current vehicle, process 310 for collecting driving data for one or more trips made by the current vehicle during an operating stage of the current vehicle, process 312 for analyzing the driving data to determine one or more driving features for the one or more driving behaviors of the one or more drivers of the current vehicle, process 314 for determining a second amount of carbon emissions produced during the operating stage of the current vehicle based at least in part upon the driving features, process 316 for determining a third amount of carbon emissions produced during a decommissioning stage of the current vehicle, process 318 for determining the total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of the current vehicle based at least upon the first amount of carbon emissions, the second amount of carbon
- carbon emissions produced during construction (e.g., manufacturing) of the current vehicle include carbon emissions produced during manufacturing of all the vehicle parts of the current vehicle and carbon emissions produced during manufacturing of the current vehicle using the vehicle parts according to some embodiments.
- the carbon emissions produced during the construction of the current vehicle depend in part upon a make, a type, and/or a model of the current vehicle.
- the carbon emissions produced during the construction of the current vehicle may be provided by a third party. As an example, a car manufacturing company may provide such information.
- the carbon emissions produced during construction of the current vehicle further includes carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the vehicle parts to a destination location (e.g., a manufacturer) to make the current vehicle.
- a destination location e.g., a manufacturer
- one or more transportation methods that have been used to deliver the vehicle parts to the destination location to make the current vehicle are determined.
- the vehicle parts may be transported to its destination location by an auto transport trailer (also known as a car hauler), a train, a boat, and/or an airplane.
- the one or more transportation methods may be provided by one or more third parties.
- the transportation method that has been used to deliver the current vehicle to a final destination location is determined.
- the final destination location may be a distributor, a dealership, and/or a location indicated by an owner of the current vehicle.
- the current vehicle may be transported to the final destination location by an auto transport trailer (also known as a car hauler), a train, a boat, and/or an airplane.
- an auto transport trailer also known as a car hauler
- the transportation method may be provided by a third party.
- the carbon emissions produced during the transportation of the current vehicle to the destination is determined based upon the transportation method.
- the first amount of carbon emissions produced during the commissioning stage of the current vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during the construction of the current vehicle and/or the transportation of the current vehicle.
- the first amount of carbon emissions produced during the commissioning stage of the current vehicle includes the carbon emissions produced during the manufacturing of all the vehicle parts that make up the current vehicle, the carbon emissions produced during the transportation of the vehicle parts to a manufacturer of the current vehicle, the carbon emissions produced during the manufacturing of the current vehicle, and/or the carbon emissions produced during the transportation of the current vehicle to the final destination.
- the driving data includes information related to one or more driving behaviors of one or more drivers of the current vehicle.
- the one or more driving behaviors represent a manner in which the one or more drivers have operated the current vehicle.
- the driving behaviors indicate the one or more drivers’ driving habits and/or driving patterns associated with the current vehicle.
- the driving data is used to determine carbon emissions generated by the current vehicle during the operating stage of the current vehicle according to some embodiments.
- the driving data is received, obtained, or otherwise collected from one or more sensors associated with the current vehicle.
- the one or more sensors include any type and number of accelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetometers, location sensors (e.g., GPS sensors), tilt sensors, yaw rate sensors, speedometers, steering angle sensors, brake sensors, proximity detectors, and/or any other suitable sensors that measure current vehicle state and/or operation.
- the one or more sensors are part of or located in the current vehicle.
- the one or more sensors are part of a computing device (e.g., a mobile device of the one or more drivers) that is connected to the current vehicle while the current vehicle is in operation.
- the driving data are collected continuously or at predetermined time intervals. According to some embodiments, the driving data are collected based on a triggering event. For example, the driving data are collected when each sensor has acquired a threshold amount of sensor measurements. According to other embodiments, the driving data may be received, obtained, or otherwise collected from a server (e.g., a server 406 ) associated with an insurance provider.
- a server e.g., a server 406
- the one or more driving features are related to a fuel consumption efficiency associated with the current vehicle.
- the amount of carbon emissions generated by the current vehicle is related to a fuel consumption efficiency of the one or more drivers of the current vehicle.
- the fuel consumption efficiency indicates how fuel has been consumed during the respective trip given one or more driving features of the one or more drivers.
- the one or more driving features indicate various driving maneuvers made by the one or more drivers that can have an impact on the amount of fuel consumed including braking (e.g., excessive braking, sudden braking, braking while reaching a turn, braking while driving in a turn), acceleration (e.g., rapid acceleration, prolonged acceleration, acceleration while driving in a turn, accelerating while exiting a turn), cornering (e.g., sharp turning, swerving), speeding (e.g., cruising, adopting speed limits), lane changing, tailgating, idling, timing of gear shifting, and/or other suitable maneuvers.
- the one or more driving features are classified by their level of severity (e.g., speed and duration at which a maneuver is performed).
- the one or more driving features include a first set of driving features that reduce the carbon emissions generated by the current vehicle (e.g., increase the fuel consumption efficiency) and a second set of driving features that increase the carbon emissions generated by the current vehicle (e.g., decrease the fuel consumption efficiency).
- a type of maneuver belonging to the first set of driving features includes performing smooth acceleration at moderate rates which tends to increase the fuel consumption efficiency, thereby reducing the carbon emissions.
- a type of maneuver belonging to the second set of driving features includes using excessive braking which tends to decrease fuel consumption efficiency, thereby increasing the carbon emissions.
- a type of maneuver belonging to the first set of driving features includes avoiding constant acceleration by remaining in one lane which tends to increase the fuel consumption efficiency, thereby reducing the carbon emissions.
- a type of maneuver belonging to the second set of driving features includes making unnecessary braking and acceleration by tailgating which tends to decrease fuel consumption efficiency, thereby increasing the carbon emissions.
- the driving data includes information related to time, distance, and/or a driving behavior associated with each trip made by the one or more drivers.
- the driving behaviors represent a manner in which the one or more drivers have operated the current vehicle.
- the driving behaviors indicate the one or more drivers’ driving habits and/or driving patterns associated with the current vehicle.
- the driving data may be used to determine an amount of carbon emissions generated by the current vehicle.
- the second amount of carbon emissions produced by the current vehicle during the operating stage is determined based in part upon the driving features. In other words, the second amount of carbon emissions produced by the current vehicle depends on how the one or more drivers of the current vehicle operated the current vehicle.
- the one or more vehicle parts of the current vehicle may be replaced with one or more new replacement parts during the operating stage of the current vehicle.
- the replacement parts may include a tire, an air filter, a brake pad, a window, a bumper, and/or a battery.
- the second amount of carbon emissions produced by the current vehicle during the operating stage is determined based in part upon the driving data and replacement data.
- the replacement data includes information related to the one or more new replacement parts that replaced the one or more used vehicle parts of the current vehicle. Accordingly, the second amount of carbon emissions also includes an amount of carbon emissions produced during construction of the new replacement parts based in part upon the replacement data.
- the second amount of carbon emissions further includes an amount of carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the new replacement parts based upon a transportation method that has been used to deliver the new replacement parts to the current vehicle. Additionally or alternatively, an amount of carbon emissions produced during deconstruction of the one or more used vehicle parts of the current vehicle.
- the third amount of carbon emissions produced by the current vehicle during the decommissioning stage of the current vehicle is determined.
- the decommissioning stage of the current vehicle includes deconstruction of the current vehicle.
- the third amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the current vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during deconstruction (e.g., destroyed or recycled) of the current vehicle, including deconstruction (e.g., destroyed or recycled) of all the vehicle parts of the current vehicle.
- the third amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the current vehicle depends in part upon a make, a type, and/or a model of the current vehicle according to certain embodiments.
- the third amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the current vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the current vehicle to a vehicle dismantling place (e.g., junkyard, wrecking yard, auto dismantling yard, car spare parts supplier, auto or vehicle recycling).
- a vehicle dismantling place e.g., junkyard, wrecking yard, auto dismantling yard, car spare parts supplier, auto or vehicle recycling.
- the third amount of carbon emissions depends in part upon a transportation method that has been used to deliver the current vehicle to the vehicle dismantling place.
- the life cycle of the current vehicle includes the commissioning stage, the operating stage, and the decommissioning stage of the current vehicle.
- the life cycle of the current vehicle represents from the manufacturing of the vehicle parts to the deconstruction of the current vehicle.
- the predetermined threshold may be set by the owner of the current vehicle, the one or more drivers of the current vehicle, and/or an insurance provider associated with the current vehicle according to some embodiments.
- the predicted amount of carbon emission for the recommended vehicle is less than the total amount of carbon emissions for the current vehicle.
- a new recommended vehicle that is predicted to produces less amount of carbon emissions during its life cycle is determined.
- the predicted amount of carbon emissions of the new recommended vehicle represents a total amount of carbon emissions that would have been produced if the one or more drivers of the current vehicle were to drive the new recommended vehicle.
- the fourth amount of carbon emissions produced during the commissioning stage of the recommended vehicle is determined.
- the fourth amount of carbon emissions produced during the commissioning stage of the recommended vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during the construction (e.g., manufacturing) of the recommended vehicle and/or the transportation of the recommended vehicle.
- the carbon emissions produced during the construction (e.g., manufacturing) of the recommended vehicle include the carbon emissions produced during the manufacturing of all the vehicle parts that make up the recommended vehicle, the carbon emissions produced during the transportation of the vehicle parts to a manufacturer of the recommended vehicle, and/or the carbon emissions produced during the manufacturing of the recommended vehicle.
- the carbon emissions produced during the construction of the recommended vehicle depend in part upon a make, a type, and/or a model of the current vehicle. It should be appreciated that, in some embodiments, the carbon emissions produced during the construction of the recommended vehicle may be provided by a third party. As an example, a car manufacturing company may provide such information.
- the carbon emissions produced during construction of the recommended vehicle further includes carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the vehicle parts to a destination location (e.g., a manufacturer) to make the recommended vehicle.
- a destination location e.g., a manufacturer
- one or more transportation methods that have been used to deliver the vehicle parts to the destination location to make the recommended vehicle are determined.
- the vehicle parts may be transported to its destination location by an auto transport trailer (also known as a car hauler), a train, a boat, and/or an airplane.
- the one or more transportation methods may be provided by one or more third parties.
- the fifth amount of carbon emissions produced by the recommended vehicle during the operating stage is determined based in part upon the driving data.
- the fifth amount of carbon emissions represents an amount of carbon emissions that would have been produced if the one or more drivers of the current vehicle were to drive the new recommended vehicle.
- the driving data includes information related to one or more driving behaviors of the one or more drivers.
- the one or more drivers driving habits and/or driving patterns of the one or more drivers are determined. Based upon the driving habits and/or driving patterns of the one or more drivers, a fuel consumption of the recommended vehicle during the operating stage is predicted according to certain embodiments.
- the sixth amount of carbon emissions produced by the recommended vehicle during the decommissioning stage of the recommended vehicle is determined.
- the decommissioning stage of the recommended vehicle includes deconstruction of the recommended vehicle.
- the sixth amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the recommended vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during deconstruction (e.g., destroyed or recycled) of the recommended vehicle, including deconstruction (e.g., destroyed or recycled) of all the vehicle parts of the recommended vehicle.
- the sixth amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the recommended vehicle depends in part upon a make, a type, and/or a model of the recommended vehicle according to certain embodiments.
- the sixth amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the recommended vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the recommended vehicle to a vehicle dismantling place (e.g., junkyard, wrecking yard, auto dismantling yard, car spare parts supplier, auto or vehicle recycling).
- a vehicle dismantling place e.g., junkyard, wrecking yard, auto dismantling yard, car spare parts supplier, auto or vehicle recycling.
- the sixth amount of carbon emissions depends in part upon a transportation method that has been used to deliver the recommended vehicle to the vehicle dismantling place.
- the predicted amount of carbon emissions produced during the life cycle of the recommended vehicle is determined based at least upon the fourth amount of carbon emissions, the fifth amount of carbon emissions, and the sixth amount of carbon emissions.
- the recommended vehicle is presented to the user.
- the recommended vehicle is transmitted to a user’s mobile device.
- more than one recommended vehicle may be determined and presented to the user.
- the user is the owner of the current vehicle.
- the user may include one or more drivers of the current vehicle.
- the recommended vehicle may be transmitted to any one of the one or more drivers of the current vehicle.
- a response may be received from the user indicating that the user wants to purchase the recommended vehicle or that the user is interest in purchasing the recommended vehicle.
- additional information is provided to the user. For example, an estimated cost of the recommended vehicle and one or more locations of auto shops or dealerships near the user to purchase the recommended vehicle may be provided to the user. Additionally or alternatively, an estimated insurance premium for the recommended vehicle may be provided to the user according to certain embodiments.
- FIG. 4 is a simplified method for training an artificial neural network for determining an amount of fuel consumed by a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the amount of fuel consumed by a vehicle depends on vehicle information (e.g., a specific make, type, and/or model) and one or more driving features indicative of various driving maneuvers made by the one or more drivers of a respective vehicle.
- vehicle information e.g., a specific make, type, and/or model
- the driving features are related to a fuel consumption efficiency of the respective vehicle and are used to determine an amount of carbon emissions produced by the respective vehicle.
- the artificial neural network is trained to determine driving features (e.g., an amount of fuel consumption) of a particular vehicle based upon collected driving data.
- the method 600 includes process 602 for collecting sets of training data, process 604 for providing one set of training data to an artificial neural network for training, process 606 for analyzing the one set of training data to determine past driving features associated with a past fuel consumption of a respective vehicle, process 608 for generating an estimated past efficiency value related to the past fuel consumption, process 610 for comparing the estimated past efficiency value with an actual past efficiency value, process 612 for adjusting parameters related to the past driving features associated with the past fuel consumption in the artificial neural network, and process 614 for determining whether training of the artificial neural network has been completed.
- each set of training data is associated with a vehicle and includes vehicle information (e.g., a make, a type, and/or a model of the vehicle), past driving data related to a past driving behavior of the respective vehicle, and an actual past efficiency value related to a past fuel consumption of the respective vehicle.
- vehicle information e.g., a make, a type, and/or a model of the vehicle
- past driving data related to a past driving behavior of the respective vehicle
- an actual past efficiency value related to a past fuel consumption of the respective vehicle.
- the one or more sets of training data are collected from various past vehicle trips made by the one or more vehicles that have already been made by users.
- the one or more sets of training data are collected from sensors (e.g., one or more accelerometers, one or more gyroscopes, one or more magnetometers, and/or one or more GPS sensors) associated with respective vehicles operated by the users.
- sensors e.g., one or more accelerometers, one or more gyroscopes, one or more magnetometers, and/or one or more GPS sensors.
- one set of training data in the one or more sets of training data is provided to the artificial neural network to train the artificial neural network according to certain embodiments.
- the artificial neural network is a convolutional neural network, a recurrent neural network, a modular neural network, or any other suitable type of neural network.
- the past driving data of the one set of training data are analyzed by the artificial neural network to determine one or more past driving features associated with the past fuel consumption of the respective vehicle according to some embodiments.
- the one or more past driving features indicate various past driving maneuvers (e.g., braking, acceleration, speeding, and/or cornering) that have impacted the amount of fuel consumed by the respective vehicle. For example, past driving maneuvers such as sudden braking and/or acceleration are considered to consume more fuel. As an example, past driving maneuvers such as smooth braking and/or acceleration at moderate rates are considered to consume less fuel.
- the estimated past efficiency value related to the past fuel consumption by the respective vehicle is generated by the artificial neural network based at least in part upon the one or more past driving features according to certain embodiments. For example, in generating the estimated past efficiency value, one or more parameters related to the one or more past driving features associated with the past fuel consumption of the respective vehicle are calculated by the artificial neural network (e.g., weight values associated with various layers of connections in the artificial neural network).
- the estimated past efficiency value is compared with the actual past efficiency value to determine an accuracy of the estimated past efficiency value according to some embodiments.
- the accuracy is determined by using a loss function or a cost function for the one set of training data.
- the one or more parameters related to the one or more past driving features associated with the past fuel consumption of the respective vehicle are adjusted by the artificial neural network. For example, the one or more parameters are adjusted in order to reduce (e.g., minimize) the loss function or the cost function.
- the method 600 returns to the process 604 in an iterative manner until training is deemed to be completed.
- the method 600 for training the artificial neural network stops.
- the artificial neural network that has been trained by the method 600 is used as a model by the process 106 of the method 100 as shown in FIG. 1 , the process 214 of the method 200 as shown in FIG. 2 B , and/or the process 314 of the method 300 as shown in FIG. 3 B .
- the trained artificial neural network possesses existing knowledge of which past driving features are desirable in terms of past fuel consumption efficiency.
- the determined one or more past driving features relate to the one or more past user driving features in the process 312 of the method 300 as shown in FIG. 3 B .
- FIG. 5 is a simplified diagram showing a system for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the system 400 includes a mobile device 402 , a network 404 , and a server 406 .
- a mobile device 402 includes a mobile device 402 , a network 404 , and a server 406 .
- the above has been shown using a selected group of components for the system, there can be many alternatives, modifications, and variations. For example, some of the components may be expanded and/or combined. Other components may be inserted to those noted above. Depending upon the embodiment, the arrangement of components may be interchanged with others replaced.
- the system 400 is used to implement the method 100 , the method 200 , and/or the method 300 .
- the mobile device 402 is communicatively coupled to the server 406 via the network 404 .
- the mobile device 402 includes one or more processors 416 (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU)), a memory 418 (e.g., random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory), a communications unit 420 (e.g., a network transceiver), a display unit 422 (e.g., a touchscreen), and one or more sensors 424 (e.g., an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a magnetometer, a location sensor).
- processors 416 e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU)
- a memory 418 e.g., random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory
- the one or more sensors 424 are configured to generate the driving data.
- the driving data are collected continuously, at predetermined time intervals, and/or based on a triggering event (e.g., when each sensor has acquired a threshold amount of sensor measurements).
- the mobile device 402 is operated by the user.
- the user installs an application associated with an insurer on the mobile device 402 and allows the application to communicate with the one or more sensors 424 to collect data (e.g., the driving data).
- the application collects the data continuously, at predetermined time intervals, and/or based on a triggering event (e.g., when each sensor has acquired a threshold amount of sensor measurements).
- the data is used to determine an amount of carbon emissions generated by the user’s vehicle in the method 100 , the method 200 , and/or the method 300 .
- the data represents the user’s driving behaviors.
- there may be multiple mobile devices e.g., mobile devices of one or more drivers of the vehicle that are in communication with the server 406 .
- the collected data are stored in the memory 418 before being transmitted to the server 406 using the communications unit 422 via the network 404 (e.g., via a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), the Internet).
- the collected data are transmitted directly to the server 406 via the network 404 .
- the collected data are transmitted to the server 406 via a third party.
- a data monitoring system stores any and all data collected by the one or more sensors 424 and transmits those data to the server 406 via the network 404 or a different network.
- the server 406 includes a processor 430 (e.g., a microprocessor, a microcontroller), a memory 432 , a communications unit 434 (e.g., a network transceiver), and a data storage 436 (e.g., one or more databases).
- the server 406 is a single server, while in certain embodiments, the server 406 includes a plurality of servers with distributed processing.
- the data storage 436 is shown to be part of the server 406 .
- the data storage 436 is a separate entity coupled to the server 406 via a network such as the network 404 .
- the server 406 includes various software applications stored in the memory 432 and executable by the processor 430 .
- these software applications include specific programs, routines, or scripts for performing functions associated with the method 100 , the method 200 , and/or the method 300 .
- the software applications include general-purpose software applications for data processing, network communication, database management, web server operation, and/or other functions typically performed by a server.
- the server 406 receives, via the network 404 , the driving data collected by the one or more sensors 424 from the application using the communications unit 434 and stores the data in the data storage 436 .
- the server 406 then processes the data to perform one or more processes of the method 100 , one or more processes of the method 200 , and/or one or more processes of the method 300 .
- the recommended vehicle in the method 300 is transmitted to the mobile device 402 , via the network 404 , to be provided (e.g., displayed) to the user via the display unit 422 .
- one or more processes of the method 100 , one or more processes of the method 200 , and/or one or more processes of the method 300 are performed by the mobile device 402 .
- the processor 416 of the mobile device 402 analyzes the driving data collected by the one or more sensors 424 to perform one or more processes of the method 100 , one or more processes of the method 200 , and/or one or more processes of the method 300 .
- FIG. 6 is a simplified diagram showing a computer device 500 , according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the computer device 500 includes a processing unit 502 , a memory unit 504 , an input unit 506 , an output unit 508 , and a communication unit 510 .
- the computer device 500 is configured to be in communication with a user 520 and/or a storage device 522 .
- the system computer device 500 is configured according to the system 400 of FIG. 5 to implement the method 100 of FIG. 1 , the method 200 of FIGS.
- FIGS. 3 A- 3 D the method 300 of FIGS. 3 A- 3 D .
- the above has been shown using a selected group of components, there can be many alternatives, modifications, and variations. In some examples, some of the components may be expanded and/or combined. Some components may be removed. Other components may be inserted to those noted above. Depending upon the embodiment, the arrangement of components may be interchanged with others replaced.
- the processing unit 502 is configured for executing instructions, such as instructions to implement the method 100 of FIG. 1 , the method 200 of FIGS. 2 A and 2 B , and/or the method 300 of FIGS. 3 A- 3 D .
- executable instructions may be stored in the memory unit 504 .
- the processing unit 502 includes one or more processing units (e.g., in a multi-core configuration).
- the processing unit 502 includes and/or is communicatively coupled to one or more modules for implementing the systems and methods described in the present disclosure.
- the processing unit 502 is configured to execute instructions within one or more operating systems, such as UNIX, LINUX, Microsoft Windows®, etc.
- one or more instructions is executed during initialization.
- one or more operations is executed to perform one or more processes described herein.
- an operation may be general or specific to a particular programming language (e.g., C, C#, C++, Java, or other suitable programming languages, etc.).
- the processing unit 502 is configured to be operatively coupled to the storage device 522 , such as via an on-board storage unit 512 .
- the memory unit 504 includes a device allowing information, such as executable instructions and/or other data to be stored and retrieved.
- the memory unit 504 includes one or more computer readable media.
- data stored in the memory unit 504 include computer readable instructions for providing a user interface, such as to the user 504 , via the output unit 508 .
- a user interface includes a web browser and/or a client application.
- a web browser enables one or more users, such as the user 504 , to display and/or interact with media and/or other information embedded on a web page and/or a website.
- the memory unit 504 include computer readable instructions for receiving and processing an input, such as from the user 504 , via the input unit 506 .
- the memory unit 504 includes random access memory (RAM) such as dynamic RAM (DRAM) or static RAM (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), and/or non-volatile RAM (NVRAN).
- RAM random access memory
- DRAM dynamic RAM
- SRAM static RAM
- ROM read-only memory
- EPROM erasable programmable read-only memory
- EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
- NVRAN non-volatile RAM
- the input unit 506 is configured to receive input, such as from the user 504 .
- the input unit 506 includes a keyboard, a pointing device, a mouse, a stylus, a touch sensitive panel (e.g., a touch pad or a touch screen), a gyroscope, an accelerometer, a position detector (e.g., a Global Positioning System), and/or an audio input device.
- the input unit 506 such as a touch screen of the input unit, is configured to function as both the input unit and the output unit.
- the output unit 508 includes a media output unit configured to present information to the user 504 .
- the output unit 508 includes any component capable of conveying information to the user 504 .
- the output unit 508 includes an output adapter, such as a video adapter and/or an audio adapter.
- the output unit 508 is operatively coupled to the processing unit 502 and/or operatively coupled to an presenting device configured to present the information to the user, such as via a visual display device (e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display, an “electronic ink” display, a projected display, etc.) or an audio display device (e.g., a speaker arrangement or headphones).
- a visual display device e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display, an “electronic ink” display, a projected display, etc.
- an audio display device e.g., a speaker arrangement or headphones.
- the communication unit 510 is configured to be communicatively coupled to a remote device.
- the communication unit 510 includes a wired network adapter, a wireless network adapter, a wireless data transceiver for use with a mobile phone network (e.g., Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), 3G, 4G, or Bluetooth), and/or other mobile data networks (e.g., Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WIMAX)).
- GSM Global System for Mobile communications
- 3G, 4G, or Bluetooth wireless data transceiver
- WIMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
- other types of short-range or long-range networks may be used.
- the communication unit 510 is configured to provide email integration for communicating data between a server and one or more clients.
- the storage unit 512 is configured to enable communication between the computer device 500 , such as via the processing unit 502 , and an external storage device 522 .
- the storage unit 512 is a storage interface.
- the storage interface is any component capable of providing the processing unit 502 with access to the storage device 522 .
- the storage unit 512 includes an Advanced Technology Attachment (ATA) adapter, a Serial ATA (SATA) adapter, a Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) adapter, a RAID controller, a SAN adapter, a network adapter, and/or any other component capable of providing the processing unit 502 with access to the storage device 522 .
- ATA Advanced Technology Attachment
- SATA Serial ATA
- SCSI Small Computer System Interface
- RAID controller a SAN adapter
- SAN adapter a network adapter
- the storage device 522 includes any computer-operated hardware suitable for storing and/or retrieving data.
- the storage device 522 is integrated in the computer device 500 .
- the storage device 522 includes a database, such as a local database or a cloud database.
- the storage device 522 includes one or more hard disk drives.
- the storage device is external and is configured to be accessed by a plurality of server systems.
- the storage device includes multiple storage units such as hard disks or solid state disks in a redundant array of inexpensive disks (RAID) configuration.
- the storage device 522 includes a storage area network (SAN) and/or a network attached storage (NAS) system.
- SAN storage area network
- NAS network attached storage
- a processor or a processing element may be trained using supervised machine learning and/or unsupervised machine learning, and the machine learning may employ an artificial neural network, which, for example, may be a convolutional neural network, a recurrent neural network, a deep learning neural network, a reinforcement learning module or program, or a combined learning module or program that learns in two or more fields or areas of interest.
- Machine learning may involve identifying and recognizing patterns in existing data in order to facilitate making predictions for subsequent data. Models may be created based upon example inputs in order to make valid and reliable predictions for novel inputs.
- machine learning programs may be trained by inputting sample data sets or certain data into the programs, such as images, object statistics and information, historical estimates, and/or actual repair costs.
- the machine learning programs may utilize deep learning algorithms that may be primarily focused on pattern recognition and may be trained after processing multiple examples.
- the machine learning programs may include Bayesian Program Learning (BPL), voice recognition and synthesis, image or object recognition, optical character recognition, and/or natural language processing.
- BPL Bayesian Program Learning
- voice recognition and synthesis image or object recognition
- optical character recognition and/or natural language processing
- the machine learning programs may also include natural language processing, semantic analysis, automatic reasoning, and/or other types of machine learning.
- supervised machine learning techniques and/or unsupervised machine learning techniques may be used.
- a processing element may be provided with example inputs and their associated outputs and may seek to discover a general rule that maps inputs to outputs, so that when subsequent novel inputs are provided the processing element may, based upon the discovered rule, accurately predict the correct output.
- unsupervised machine learning the processing element may need to find its own structure in unlabeled example inputs.
- a method for determining total carbon emissions of a first vehicle includes determining a first amount of carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage of the first vehicle. The method further includes collecting driving data for one or more trips made by the first vehicle during an operating stage of the first vehicle and determining a second amount of carbon emissions produced during the operating stage of the first vehicle based at least in part upon the driving data.
- the driving data includes information related to one or more driving behaviors of one or more drivers of the first vehicle.
- the method includes determining a third amount of carbon emissions produced during a decommissioning stage of the first vehicle.
- the method includes determining the total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of the first vehicle based at least upon the first amount of carbon emissions, the second amount of carbon emissions, and the third amount of carbon emissions.
- the life cycle of the first vehicle includes the commissioning stage of the first vehicle, the operating stage of the first vehicle, and the decommissioning stage of the first vehicle.
- the method is implemented according to at least FIG. 1 , FIGS. 2 A and 2 B , and/or FIGS. 3 A- 3 D .
- a computing device for determining total carbon emissions of a first vehicle includes one or more processors and a memory that stores instructions for execution by the one or more processors.
- the instructions when executed, cause the one or more processors to determine a first amount of carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage of the first vehicle.
- the instructions when executed, cause the one or more processors to collect driving data for one or more trips made by the first vehicle during an operating stage of the first vehicle and determine a second amount of carbon emissions produced during the operating stage of the first vehicle based at least in part upon the driving data.
- the driving data includes information related to one or more driving behaviors of one or more drivers of the first vehicle.
- the instructions when executed, cause the one or more processors to determine a third amount of carbon emissions produced during a decommissioning stage of the first vehicle. Additionally, the instructions, when executed, cause the one or more processors to determine the total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of the first vehicle based at least upon the first amount of carbon emissions, the second amount of carbon emissions, and the third amount of carbon emissions.
- the life cycle of the first vehicle includes the commissioning stage of the first vehicle, the operating stage of the first vehicle, and the decommissioning stage of the first vehicle.
- the computing device e.g., the server 406
- the computing device is implemented according to at least FIG. 5 .
- a non-transitory computer-readable medium stores instructions for determining total carbon emissions of a first vehicle.
- the instructions are executed by one or more processors of a computing device.
- the non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions to determine a first amount of carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage of the first vehicle.
- the non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions to collect driving data for one or more trips made by the first vehicle during an operating stage of the first vehicle and determine a second amount of carbon emissions produced during the operating stage of the first vehicle based at least in part upon the driving data.
- the driving data includes information related to one or more driving behaviors of one or more drivers of the first vehicle.
- the non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions to determine a third amount of carbon emissions produced during a decommissioning stage of the first vehicle. Additionally, the non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions to determine the total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of the first vehicle based at least upon the first amount of carbon emissions, the second amount of carbon emissions, and the third amount of carbon emissions.
- the life cycle of the first vehicle includes the commissioning stage of the first vehicle, the operating stage of the first vehicle, and the decommissioning stage of the first vehicle.
- the non-transitory computer-readable medium is implemented according to at least FIG. 1 , FIGS. 2 A and 2 B , and/or FIGS. 3 A- 3 D .
- some or all components of various embodiments of the present disclosure each are, individually and/or in combination with at least another component, implemented using one or more software components, one or more hardware components, and/or one or more combinations of software and hardware components.
- some or all components of various embodiments of the present disclosure each are, individually and/or in combination with at least another component, implemented in one or more circuits, such as one or more analog circuits and/or one or more digital circuits.
- the embodiments described above refer to particular features, the scope of the present disclosure also includes embodiments having different combinations of features and embodiments that do not include all of the described features.
- various embodiments and/or examples of the present disclosure can be combined.
- the methods and systems described herein may be implemented on many different types of processing devices by program code comprising program instructions that are executable by the device processing subsystem.
- the software program instructions may include source code, object code, machine code, or any other stored data that is operable to cause a processing system to perform the methods and operations described herein.
- Certain implementations may also be used, however, such as firmware or even appropriately designed hardware configured to perform the methods and systems described herein.
- data e.g., associations, mappings, data input, data output, intermediate data results, final data results
- data may be stored and implemented in one or more different types of computer-implemented data stores, such as different types of storage devices and programming constructs (e.g., RAM, ROM, EEPROM, Flash memory, flat files, databases, programming data structures, programming variables, IF-THEN (or similar type) statement constructs, application programming interface).
- storage devices and programming constructs e.g., RAM, ROM, EEPROM, Flash memory, flat files, databases, programming data structures, programming variables, IF-THEN (or similar type) statement constructs, application programming interface.
- data structures describe formats for use in organizing and storing data in databases, programs, memory, or other computer-readable media for use by a computer program.
- the systems and methods may be provided on many different types of computer-readable media including computer storage mechanisms (e.g., CD-ROM, diskette, RAM, flash memory, computer’s hard drive, DVD) that contain instructions (e.g., software) for use in execution by a processor to perform the methods’ operations and implement the systems described herein.
- computer storage mechanisms e.g., CD-ROM, diskette, RAM, flash memory, computer’s hard drive, DVD
- instructions e.g., software
- the computer components, software modules, functions, data stores and data structures described herein may be connected directly or indirectly to each other in order to allow the flow of data needed for their operations.
- a module or processor includes a unit of code that performs a software operation, and can be implemented for example as a subroutine unit of code, or as a software function unit of code, or as an object (as in an object-oriented paradigm), or as an applet, or in a computer script language, or as another type of computer code.
- the software components and/or functionality may be located on a single computer or distributed across multiple computers depending upon the situation at hand.
- the computing system can include mobile devices and servers.
- a mobile device and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network.
- the relationship of mobile device and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a mobile device-server relationship to each other.
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Abstract
Description
- This application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/US2021/023626, filed Mar. 23, 2021, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Pat. Application No. 63/000,874, filed Mar. 27, 2020, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein.
- Some embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle. More particularly, certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide systems and methods for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of a vehicle. Merely by way of example, the present disclosure has been applied to determining a total amount of carbon emissions by determining carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage, an operating stage, and a decommissioning stage of the vehicle. But it would be recognized that the present disclosure has much broader range of applicability.
- Carbon emissions from vehicles represent a major contributor to climate change. While new vehicle technologies have been developed to curb carbon emissions, the continued use of vehicles for private transportation will cause the amount of carbon emissions to remain high or even increase. Hence it is highly desirable to develop more accurate techniques for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by each vehicle during its life cycle, which may be used for future remedial actions.
- Some embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle. More particularly, certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods and systems for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of a vehicle. Merely by way of example, the present disclosure has been applied to determining a total amount of carbon emissions by determining carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage, an operating stage, and a decommissioning stage of the vehicle But it would be recognized that the present disclosure has much broader range of applicability.
- According to certain embodiments, a method for determining total carbon emissions of a first vehicle includes determining a first amount of carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage of the first vehicle. The method further includes collecting driving data for one or more trips made by the first vehicle during an operating stage of the first vehicle and determining a second amount of carbon emissions produced during the operating stage of the first vehicle based at least in part upon the driving data. The driving data includes information related to one or more driving behaviors of one or more drivers of the first vehicle. Also, the method includes determining a third amount of carbon emissions produced during a decommissioning stage of the first vehicle. Additionally, the method includes determining the total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of the first vehicle based at least upon the first amount of carbon emissions, the second amount of carbon emissions, and the third amount of carbon emissions. The life cycle of the first vehicle includes the commissioning stage of the first vehicle, the operating stage of the first vehicle, and the decommissioning stage of the first vehicle.
- According to certain embodiments, a computing device for determining total carbon emissions of a first vehicle includes one or more processors and a memory that stores instructions for execution by the one or more processors. The instructions, when executed, cause the one or more processors to determine a first amount of carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage of the first vehicle. Further, the instructions, when executed, cause the one or more processors to collect driving data for one or more trips made by the first vehicle during an operating stage of the first vehicle and determine a second amount of carbon emissions produced during the operating stage of the first vehicle based at least in part upon the driving data. The driving data includes information related to one or more driving behaviors of one or more drivers of the first vehicle. Also, the instructions, when executed, cause the one or more processors to determine a third amount of carbon emissions produced during a decommissioning stage of the first vehicle. Additionally, the instructions, when executed, cause the one or more processors to determine the total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of the first vehicle based at least upon the first amount of carbon emissions, the second amount of carbon emissions, and the third amount of carbon emissions. The life cycle of the first vehicle includes the commissioning stage of the first vehicle, the operating stage of the first vehicle, and the decommissioning stage of the first vehicle.
- According to certain embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable medium stores instructions for determining total carbon emissions of a first vehicle. The instructions are executed by one or more processors of a computing device. The non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions to determine a first amount of carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage of the first vehicle. Further, the non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions to collect driving data for one or more trips made by the first vehicle during an operating stage of the first vehicle and determine a second amount of carbon emissions produced during the operating stage of the first vehicle based at least in part upon the driving data. The driving data includes information related to one or more driving behaviors of one or more drivers of the first vehicle. Also, the non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions to determine a third amount of carbon emissions produced during a decommissioning stage of the first vehicle. Additionally, the non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions to determine the total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of the first vehicle based at least upon the first amount of carbon emissions, the second amount of carbon emissions, and the third amount of carbon emissions. The life cycle of the first vehicle includes the commissioning stage of the first vehicle, the operating stage of the first vehicle, and the decommissioning stage of the first vehicle.
- Depending upon the embodiment, one or more benefits may be achieved. These benefits and various additional objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure can be fully appreciated with reference to the detailed description and accompanying drawings that follow.
-
FIG. 1 is a simplified method for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. -
FIGS. 2A and 2B are a simplified method for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. -
FIGS. 3A-3D are a simplified method for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. -
FIG. 4 is a simplified method for training an artificial neural network according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. -
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a system for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. -
FIG. 6 is a simplified diagram showing a computing device, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. - Some embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle. More particularly, certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods and systems for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of a vehicle. Merely by way of example, the present disclosure has been applied to determining a total amount of carbon emissions by determining carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage, an operating stage, and a decommissioning stage of the vehicle But it would be recognized that the present disclosure has much broader range of applicability.
-
FIG. 1 is a simplified diagram showing amethod 100 for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. This diagram is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize many variations, alternatives, and modifications. In the illustrative embodiment, themethod 100 is performed by a computing device (e.g., a server 406). However, it should be appreciated that, in some embodiments, some of themethod 100 is performed by any computing device (e.g., a mobile device 402). - The
method 100 includesprocess 102 for determining a first amount of carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage of a vehicle,process 104 for collecting driving data for one or more trips made by the vehicle during an operating stage of the vehicle,process 106 for determining a second amount of carbon emissions produced during the operating stage of the vehicle based at least in part upon the driving data,process 108 for determining a third amount of carbon emissions produced during a decommissioning stage of the vehicle, andprocess 110 for determining the total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of the vehicle based at least upon the first amount of carbon emissions, the second amount of carbon emissions, and the third amount of carbon emissions. - Although the above has been shown using a selected group of processes for the method, there can be many alternatives, modifications, and variations. For example, some of the processes may be expanded and/or combined. Other processes may be inserted to those noted above. Depending upon the embodiment, the sequence of processes may be interchanged with others replaced. For example, although the
method 100 is described as performed by the computing device above, some or all processes of the method are performed by any computing device or a processor directed by instructions stored in memory. As an example, some or all processes of the method are performed according to instructions stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium. - Specifically, at the
process 102, the commissioning stage of the vehicle includes construction of the vehicle according to some embodiments. For example, the first amount of carbon emissions produced during the commissioning stage of the vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during construction (e.g., manufacturing) of the vehicle, including construction (e.g., manufacturing) of all the vehicle parts of the vehicle. As such, the first amount of carbon emissions produced during the commissioning stage of the vehicle depends in part upon a make, a type, and/or a model of the vehicle according to certain embodiments. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the first amount of carbon emissions produced during the commissioning stage of the vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the vehicle to a destination (e.g., a distributor or a location indicated by an owner of the vehicle). In such embodiments, the first amount of carbon emissions depends in part upon a transportation method that has been used to deliver the vehicle to the distributor or the owner of the vehicle. For example, the transportation method may include an auto transport trailer (also known as a car hauler), a train, a boat, and/or an airplane. It should be appreciated that, in some embodiments, the transportation method may be provided by a third party. - At the
process 104, the driving data includes information related to one or more driving behaviors of one or more drivers of the vehicle. As an example, the one or more driving behaviors represent a manner in which the one or more drivers have operated the vehicle. For example, the driving behaviors indicate the one or more drivers’ driving habits and/or driving patterns associated with the vehicle. As discussed below, the driving data is used to determine carbon emissions generated by the vehicle during the operating stage of the vehicle according to some embodiments. - According to some embodiments, the driving data is received, obtained, or otherwise collected from one or more sensors associated with the vehicle. For example, the one or more sensors include any type and number of accelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetometers, location sensors (e.g., GPS sensors), tilt sensors, yaw rate sensors, speedometers, steering angle sensors, brake sensors, proximity detectors, and/or any other suitable sensors that measure vehicle state and/or operation. In certain embodiments, the one or more sensors are part of or located in the vehicle. In some embodiments, the one or more sensors are part of a computing device (e.g., a mobile device of the one or more drivers) that is connected to the vehicle while the vehicle is in operation. According to certain embodiments, the driving data is collected continuously or at predetermined time intervals. According to some embodiments, the driving data is collected based on a triggering event. For example, the driving data is collected when each sensor has acquired a threshold amount of sensor measurements. According to other embodiments, the driving data may be received, obtained, or otherwise collected from a server (e.g., a server 406) associated with an insurance provider.
- At the
process 106, the second amount of carbon emissions produced by the vehicle during the operating stage is determined based in part upon the driving data. In other words, the second amount of carbon emissions produced by the vehicle depends on how the one or more drivers of the vehicle operated the vehicle. - According to certain embodiments, the one or more vehicle parts of the vehicle may be replaced with one or more new replacement parts during the operating stage of the vehicle. For example, the replacement parts may include a tire, an air filter, a brake pad, a window, a bumper, and/or a battery. In such embodiments, the second amount of carbon emissions produced by the vehicle during the operating stage is determined based in part upon the driving data and replacement data. The replacement data includes information related to the one or more new replacement parts that replaced the one or more used vehicle parts of the vehicle. Accordingly, the second amount of carbon emissions also includes an amount of carbon emissions produced during construction of the new replacement parts based in part upon the replacement data. Additionally or alternatively, the second amount of carbon emissions further includes an amount of carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the new replacement parts based upon a transportation method that has been used to deliver the new replacement parts to the vehicle. Additionally or alternatively, an amount of carbon emissions produced during deconstruction of the one or more used vehicle parts of the vehicle.
- At the
process 108, the decommissioning stage of the vehicle includes deconstruction of the vehicle according to some embodiments. For example, the third amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during deconstruction (e.g., destroyed or recycled) of the vehicle, including deconstruction (e.g., destroyed or recycled) of all the vehicle parts of the vehicle. As such, the third amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the vehicle depends in part upon a make, a type, and/or a model of the vehicle according to certain embodiments. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the third amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the vehicle to a vehicle dismantling place (e.g., junkyard, wrecking yard, auto dismantling yard, car spare parts supplier, auto or vehicle recycling). In such embodiments, the third amount of carbon emissions depends in part upon a transportation method that has been used to deliver the vehicle to the vehicle dismantling place. - At the
process 110, the life cycle of the vehicle includes the commissioning stage, the operating stage, and the decommissioning stage of the vehicle. In other words, the life cycle of the vehicle represents from the manufacturing of the vehicle parts to the deconstruction of the vehicle. -
FIGS. 2A and 2B are a simplified method for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. This diagram is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize many variations, alternatives, and modifications. In the illustrative embodiment, themethod 200 is performed by a computing device (e.g., a server 406). However, it should be appreciated that, in some embodiments, some of themethod 200 is performed by any computing device (e.g., a mobile device 402). - The
method 200 includesprocess 202 for determining carbon emissions produced during construction of a vehicle,process 204 for determining a transportation method that has been used to deliver the vehicle to a destination,process 206 for determining carbon emissions produced during transportation of the vehicle to the destination based upon the transportation method,process 208 for determining a first amount of carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage of the vehicle,process 210 for collecting driving data for one or more trips made by the vehicle during an operating stage of the vehicle,process 212 for analyzing the driving data to determine one or more driving features for the one or more driving behaviors of the one or more drivers of the vehicle,process 214 for determining a second amount of carbon emissions produced during the operating stage of the vehicle based at least in part upon the driving features,process 216 for determining a third amount of carbon emissions produced during a decommissioning stage of the vehicle, andprocess 218 for determining the total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of the vehicle based at least upon the first amount of carbon emissions, the second amount of carbon emissions, and the third amount of carbon emissions. - Although the above has been shown using a selected group of processes for the method, there can be many alternatives, modifications, and variations. For example, some of the processes may be expanded and/or combined. Other processes may be inserted to those noted above. Depending upon the embodiment, the sequence of processes may be interchanged with others replaced. For example, although the
method 200 is described as performed by the computing device above, some or all processes of the method are performed by any computing device or a processor directed by instructions stored in memory. As an example, some or all processes of the method are performed according to instructions stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium. - Specifically, at the
process 202, carbon emissions produced during construction (e.g., manufacturing) of the vehicle include carbon emissions produced during manufacturing of all the vehicle parts of the vehicle and carbon emissions produced during manufacturing of the vehicle using the vehicle parts according to some embodiments. As an example, the carbon emissions produced during the construction of the vehicle depend in part upon a make, a type, and/or a model of the vehicle. It should be appreciated that, in some embodiments, the carbon emissions produced during the construction of the vehicle may be provided by a third party. As an example, a car manufacturing company may provide such information. - Additionally, according to certain embodiments, the carbon emissions produced during construction of the vehicle further includes carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the vehicle parts to a destination location (e.g., a manufacturer) to make the vehicle. To do so, one or more transportation methods that have been used to deliver the vehicle parts to the destination location to make the vehicle are determined. For example, the vehicle parts may be transported to its destination location by an auto transport trailer (also known as a car hauler), a train, a boat, and/or an airplane. It should be appreciated that, in some embodiments, the one or more transportation methods may be provided by one or more third parties.
- At the
process 204, the transportation method that has been used to deliver the vehicle to a final destination location is determined. The final destination location may be a distributor, a dealership, and/or a location indicated by an owner of the vehicle. For example, the vehicle may be transported to the final destination location by an auto transport trailer (also known as a car hauler), a train, a boat, and/or an airplane. It should be appreciated that, in some embodiments, the transportation method may be provided by a third party. - At the
process 206, the carbon emissions produced during the transportation of the vehicle to the destination (e.g., a distributor, a dealership, and/or an owner of the vehicle) is determined based upon the transportation method. - At the
process 208, the first amount of carbon emissions produced during the commissioning stage of the vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during the construction of the vehicle and/or the transportation of the vehicle. As described above, the first amount of carbon emissions produced during the commissioning stage of the vehicle includes the carbon emissions produced during the manufacturing of all the vehicle parts that make up the vehicle, the carbon emissions produced during the transportation of the vehicle parts to a manufacturer of the vehicle, the carbon emissions produced during the manufacturing of the vehicle, and/or the carbon emissions produced during the transportation of the vehicle to the final destination. - At the
process 210, the driving data includes information related to one or more driving behaviors of one or more drivers of the vehicle. As an example, the one or more driving behaviors represent a manner in which the one or more drivers have operated the vehicle. For example, the driving behaviors indicate the one or more drivers’ driving habits and/or driving patterns associated with the vehicle. As discussed below, the driving data is used to determine carbon emissions generated by the vehicle during the operating stage of the vehicle according to some embodiments. - According to certain embodiments, the driving data is received, obtained, or otherwise collected from one or more sensors associated with the vehicle. For example, the one or more sensors include any type and number of accelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetometers, location sensors (e.g., GPS sensors), tilt sensors, yaw rate sensors, speedometers, steering angle sensors, brake sensors, proximity detectors, and/or any other suitable sensors that measure vehicle state and/or operation. In certain embodiments, the one or more sensors are part of or located in the vehicle. In some embodiments, the one or more sensors are part of a computing device (e.g., a mobile device of the one or more drivers) that is connected to the vehicle while the vehicle is in operation. According to certain embodiments, the driving data are collected continuously or at predetermined time intervals. According to some embodiments, the driving data are collected based on a triggering event. For example, the driving data are collected when each sensor has acquired a threshold amount of sensor measurements. According to other embodiments, the driving data may be received, obtained, or otherwise collected from a server (e.g., a server 406) associated with an insurance provider.
- At the
process 212, the one or more driving features are related to a fuel consumption efficiency associated with the vehicle. According to some embodiments, the amount of carbon emissions generated by the vehicle is related to a fuel consumption efficiency of the one or more drivers of the vehicle. For example, the fuel consumption efficiency indicates how fuel has been consumed during the respective trip given one or more driving features of the one or more drivers. As an example, the one or more driving features indicate various driving maneuvers made by the one or more drivers that can have an impact on the amount of fuel consumed including braking (e.g., excessive braking, sudden braking, braking while reaching a turn, braking while driving in a turn), acceleration (e.g., rapid acceleration, prolonged acceleration, acceleration while driving in a turn, accelerating while exiting a turn), cornering (e.g., sharp turning, swerving), speeding (e.g., cruising, adopting speed limits), lane changing, tailgating, idling, timing of gear shifting, and/or other suitable maneuvers. According to some embodiments, the one or more driving features are classified by their level of severity (e.g., speed and duration at which a maneuver is performed). - According to certain embodiments, the one or more driving features include a first set of driving features that reduce the carbon emissions generated by the vehicle (e.g., increase the fuel consumption efficiency) and a second set of driving features that increase the carbon emissions generated by the vehicle (e.g., decrease the fuel consumption efficiency). For example, a type of maneuver belonging to the first set of driving features includes performing smooth acceleration at moderate rates which tends to increase the fuel consumption efficiency, thereby reducing the carbon emissions. As an example, a type of maneuver belonging to the second set of driving features includes using excessive braking which tends to decrease fuel consumption efficiency, thereby increasing the carbon emissions. For example, a type of maneuver belonging to the first set of driving features includes avoiding constant acceleration by remaining in one lane which tends to increase the fuel consumption efficiency, thereby reducing the carbon emissions. As an example, a type of maneuver belonging to the second set of driving features includes making unnecessary braking and acceleration by tailgating which tends to decrease fuel consumption efficiency, thereby increasing the carbon emissions.
- According to certain embodiments, the driving data includes information related to time, distance, and/or a driving behavior associated with each trip made by the one or more drivers. As an example, the driving behaviors represent a manner in which the one or more drivers have operated the vehicle. For example, the driving behaviors indicate the one or more drivers’ driving habits and/or driving patterns associated with the vehicle. As discussed below, the driving data may be used to determine an amount of carbon emissions generated by the vehicle.
- At the
process 214, the second amount of carbon emissions produced by the vehicle during the operating stage is determined based in part upon the driving features. In other words, the second amount of carbon emissions produced by the vehicle depends on how the one or more drivers of the vehicle operated the vehicle. - According to certain embodiments, the one or more vehicle parts of the vehicle may be replaced with one or more new replacement parts during the operating stage of the vehicle. For example, the replacement parts may include a tire, an air filter, a brake pad, a window, a bumper, and/or a battery. In such embodiments, the second amount of carbon emissions produced by the vehicle during the operating stage is determined based in part upon the driving data and replacement data. The replacement data includes information related to the one or more new replacement parts that replaced the one or more used vehicle parts of the vehicle. Accordingly, the second amount of carbon emissions also includes an amount of carbon emissions produced during construction of the new replacement parts based in part upon the replacement data. Additionally or alternatively, the second amount of carbon emissions further includes an amount of carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the new replacement parts based upon a transportation method that has been used to deliver the new replacement parts to the vehicle. Additionally or alternatively, an amount of carbon emissions produced during deconstruction of the one or more used vehicle parts of the vehicle.
- At the
process 216, the third amount of carbon emissions produced by the vehicle during the decommissioning stage of the vehicle is determined. According to some embodiments, the decommissioning stage of the vehicle includes deconstruction of the vehicle. For example, the third amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during deconstruction (e.g., destroyed or recycled) of the vehicle, including deconstruction (e.g., destroyed or recycled) of all the vehicle parts of the vehicle. As such, the third amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the vehicle depends in part upon a make, a type, and/or a model of the vehicle according to certain embodiments. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the third amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the vehicle to a vehicle dismantling place (e.g., junkyard, wrecking yard, auto dismantling yard, car spare parts supplier, auto or vehicle recycling). In such embodiments, the third amount of carbon emissions depends in part upon a transportation method that has been used to deliver the vehicle to the vehicle dismantling place. - At the
process 218, the life cycle of the vehicle includes the commissioning stage, the operating stage, and the decommissioning stage of the vehicle. In other words, the life cycle of the vehicle represents from the manufacturing of the vehicle parts to the deconstruction of the vehicle. -
FIGS. 3A-3D are a simplified method for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. This diagram is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize many variations, alternatives, and modifications. In the illustrative embodiment, themethod 300 is performed by a computing device (e.g., a server 406). However, it should be appreciated that, in some embodiments, some of themethod 200 is performed by any computing device (e.g., a mobile device 402). - The method 300 includes process 302 for determining carbon emissions produced during construction of a current vehicle, process 304 for determining a transportation method that has been used to deliver the current vehicle to a destination, process 306 for determining carbon emissions produced during transportation of the current vehicle to the destination based upon the transportation method, process 308 for determining a first amount of carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage of the current vehicle, process 310 for collecting driving data for one or more trips made by the current vehicle during an operating stage of the current vehicle, process 312 for analyzing the driving data to determine one or more driving features for the one or more driving behaviors of the one or more drivers of the current vehicle, process 314 for determining a second amount of carbon emissions produced during the operating stage of the current vehicle based at least in part upon the driving features, process 316 for determining a third amount of carbon emissions produced during a decommissioning stage of the current vehicle, process 318 for determining the total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of the current vehicle based at least upon the first amount of carbon emissions, the second amount of carbon emissions, and the third amount of carbon emissions, process 320 for determining whether the total amount of carbon emissions produced during the life cycle of the current vehicle exceeds a predetermined threshold, process 322 for determining in response to determining that the total amount of carbon emissions exceeds the predetermined threshold, a recommended vehicle that produces a predicted amount of carbon emissions during a life cycle of the recommended vehicle, process 324 for determining a fourth amount of carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage of a recommended vehicle, process 326 for determining a fifth amount of carbon emissions produced during the operating stage of the recommended vehicle based at least in part upon the driving data, process 328 for determining a sixth amount of carbon emissions produced during a decommissioning stage of the recommended vehicle, process 330 for determining the predicted amount of carbon emissions produced during the life cycle of the recommended vehicle based at least upon the fourth amount of carbon emissions, the fifth amount of carbon emissions, and the sixth amount of carbon emissions, process 332 for presenting the recommended vehicle to a user, process 334 for receiving, in response to presenting the recommended vehicle to the user, a response from the user indicating that the user wants to purchase the recommended vehicle, and process 336 for providing, in response to receiving the response, at least one selected from a group consisting of one or more auto shops or dealerships near the user, an estimated cost for the recommended vehicle, and an estimated insurance premium for the recommended vehicle.
- Although the above has been shown using a selected group of processes for the method, there can be many alternatives, modifications, and variations. For example, some of the processes may be expanded and/or combined. Other processes may be inserted to those noted above. Depending upon the embodiment, the sequence of processes may be interchanged with others replaced. For example, although the
method 300 is described as performed by the computing device above, some or all processes of the method are performed by any computing device or a processor directed by instructions stored in memory. As an example, some or all processes of the method are performed according to instructions stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium. - Specifically, at the
process 302, carbon emissions produced during construction (e.g., manufacturing) of the current vehicle include carbon emissions produced during manufacturing of all the vehicle parts of the current vehicle and carbon emissions produced during manufacturing of the current vehicle using the vehicle parts according to some embodiments. As an example, the carbon emissions produced during the construction of the current vehicle depend in part upon a make, a type, and/or a model of the current vehicle. It should be appreciated that, in some embodiments, the carbon emissions produced during the construction of the current vehicle may be provided by a third party. As an example, a car manufacturing company may provide such information. - Additionally, according to certain embodiments, the carbon emissions produced during construction of the current vehicle further includes carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the vehicle parts to a destination location (e.g., a manufacturer) to make the current vehicle. To do so, one or more transportation methods that have been used to deliver the vehicle parts to the destination location to make the current vehicle are determined. For example, the vehicle parts may be transported to its destination location by an auto transport trailer (also known as a car hauler), a train, a boat, and/or an airplane. It should be appreciated that, in some embodiments, the one or more transportation methods may be provided by one or more third parties.
- At the
process 304, the transportation method that has been used to deliver the current vehicle to a final destination location is determined. The final destination location may be a distributor, a dealership, and/or a location indicated by an owner of the current vehicle. For example, the current vehicle may be transported to the final destination location by an auto transport trailer (also known as a car hauler), a train, a boat, and/or an airplane. It should be appreciated that, in some embodiments, the transportation method may be provided by a third party. - At the
process 306, the carbon emissions produced during the transportation of the current vehicle to the destination (e.g., a distributor, a dealership, and/or an owner of the current vehicle) is determined based upon the transportation method. - At the
process 308, the first amount of carbon emissions produced during the commissioning stage of the current vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during the construction of the current vehicle and/or the transportation of the current vehicle. As described above, the first amount of carbon emissions produced during the commissioning stage of the current vehicle includes the carbon emissions produced during the manufacturing of all the vehicle parts that make up the current vehicle, the carbon emissions produced during the transportation of the vehicle parts to a manufacturer of the current vehicle, the carbon emissions produced during the manufacturing of the current vehicle, and/or the carbon emissions produced during the transportation of the current vehicle to the final destination. - At the
process 310, the driving data includes information related to one or more driving behaviors of one or more drivers of the current vehicle. As an example, the one or more driving behaviors represent a manner in which the one or more drivers have operated the current vehicle. For example, the driving behaviors indicate the one or more drivers’ driving habits and/or driving patterns associated with the current vehicle. As discussed below, the driving data is used to determine carbon emissions generated by the current vehicle during the operating stage of the current vehicle according to some embodiments. - According to certain embodiments, the driving data is received, obtained, or otherwise collected from one or more sensors associated with the current vehicle. For example, the one or more sensors include any type and number of accelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetometers, location sensors (e.g., GPS sensors), tilt sensors, yaw rate sensors, speedometers, steering angle sensors, brake sensors, proximity detectors, and/or any other suitable sensors that measure current vehicle state and/or operation. In certain embodiments, the one or more sensors are part of or located in the current vehicle. In some embodiments, the one or more sensors are part of a computing device (e.g., a mobile device of the one or more drivers) that is connected to the current vehicle while the current vehicle is in operation. According to certain embodiments, the driving data are collected continuously or at predetermined time intervals. According to some embodiments, the driving data are collected based on a triggering event. For example, the driving data are collected when each sensor has acquired a threshold amount of sensor measurements. According to other embodiments, the driving data may be received, obtained, or otherwise collected from a server (e.g., a server 406) associated with an insurance provider.
- At the
process 312, the one or more driving features are related to a fuel consumption efficiency associated with the current vehicle. According to some embodiments, the amount of carbon emissions generated by the current vehicle is related to a fuel consumption efficiency of the one or more drivers of the current vehicle. For example, the fuel consumption efficiency indicates how fuel has been consumed during the respective trip given one or more driving features of the one or more drivers. As an example, the one or more driving features indicate various driving maneuvers made by the one or more drivers that can have an impact on the amount of fuel consumed including braking (e.g., excessive braking, sudden braking, braking while reaching a turn, braking while driving in a turn), acceleration (e.g., rapid acceleration, prolonged acceleration, acceleration while driving in a turn, accelerating while exiting a turn), cornering (e.g., sharp turning, swerving), speeding (e.g., cruising, adopting speed limits), lane changing, tailgating, idling, timing of gear shifting, and/or other suitable maneuvers. According to some embodiments, the one or more driving features are classified by their level of severity (e.g., speed and duration at which a maneuver is performed). - According to certain embodiments, the one or more driving features include a first set of driving features that reduce the carbon emissions generated by the current vehicle (e.g., increase the fuel consumption efficiency) and a second set of driving features that increase the carbon emissions generated by the current vehicle (e.g., decrease the fuel consumption efficiency). For example, a type of maneuver belonging to the first set of driving features includes performing smooth acceleration at moderate rates which tends to increase the fuel consumption efficiency, thereby reducing the carbon emissions. As an example, a type of maneuver belonging to the second set of driving features includes using excessive braking which tends to decrease fuel consumption efficiency, thereby increasing the carbon emissions. For example, a type of maneuver belonging to the first set of driving features includes avoiding constant acceleration by remaining in one lane which tends to increase the fuel consumption efficiency, thereby reducing the carbon emissions. As an example, a type of maneuver belonging to the second set of driving features includes making unnecessary braking and acceleration by tailgating which tends to decrease fuel consumption efficiency, thereby increasing the carbon emissions.
- According to certain embodiments, the driving data includes information related to time, distance, and/or a driving behavior associated with each trip made by the one or more drivers. As an example, the driving behaviors represent a manner in which the one or more drivers have operated the current vehicle. For example, the driving behaviors indicate the one or more drivers’ driving habits and/or driving patterns associated with the current vehicle. As discussed below, the driving data may be used to determine an amount of carbon emissions generated by the current vehicle.
- At the
process 314, the second amount of carbon emissions produced by the current vehicle during the operating stage is determined based in part upon the driving features. In other words, the second amount of carbon emissions produced by the current vehicle depends on how the one or more drivers of the current vehicle operated the current vehicle. - According to certain embodiments, the one or more vehicle parts of the current vehicle may be replaced with one or more new replacement parts during the operating stage of the current vehicle. For example, the replacement parts may include a tire, an air filter, a brake pad, a window, a bumper, and/or a battery. In such embodiments, the second amount of carbon emissions produced by the current vehicle during the operating stage is determined based in part upon the driving data and replacement data. The replacement data includes information related to the one or more new replacement parts that replaced the one or more used vehicle parts of the current vehicle. Accordingly, the second amount of carbon emissions also includes an amount of carbon emissions produced during construction of the new replacement parts based in part upon the replacement data. Additionally or alternatively, the second amount of carbon emissions further includes an amount of carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the new replacement parts based upon a transportation method that has been used to deliver the new replacement parts to the current vehicle. Additionally or alternatively, an amount of carbon emissions produced during deconstruction of the one or more used vehicle parts of the current vehicle.
- At the
process 316, the third amount of carbon emissions produced by the current vehicle during the decommissioning stage of the current vehicle is determined. According to some embodiments, the decommissioning stage of the current vehicle includes deconstruction of the current vehicle. For example, the third amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the current vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during deconstruction (e.g., destroyed or recycled) of the current vehicle, including deconstruction (e.g., destroyed or recycled) of all the vehicle parts of the current vehicle. As such, the third amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the current vehicle depends in part upon a make, a type, and/or a model of the current vehicle according to certain embodiments. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the third amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the current vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the current vehicle to a vehicle dismantling place (e.g., junkyard, wrecking yard, auto dismantling yard, car spare parts supplier, auto or vehicle recycling). In such embodiments, the third amount of carbon emissions depends in part upon a transportation method that has been used to deliver the current vehicle to the vehicle dismantling place. - At the
process 318, the life cycle of the current vehicle includes the commissioning stage, the operating stage, and the decommissioning stage of the current vehicle. In other words, the life cycle of the current vehicle represents from the manufacturing of the vehicle parts to the deconstruction of the current vehicle. - At the
process 320, the predetermined threshold may be set by the owner of the current vehicle, the one or more drivers of the current vehicle, and/or an insurance provider associated with the current vehicle according to some embodiments. - At the
process 322, the predicted amount of carbon emission for the recommended vehicle is less than the total amount of carbon emissions for the current vehicle. In other words, if the total amount of carbon emissions of the current vehicle exceeds the predetermined threshold, a new recommended vehicle that is predicted to produces less amount of carbon emissions during its life cycle is determined. For example, the predicted amount of carbon emissions of the new recommended vehicle represents a total amount of carbon emissions that would have been produced if the one or more drivers of the current vehicle were to drive the new recommended vehicle. - To do so, at the
process 324, the fourth amount of carbon emissions produced during the commissioning stage of the recommended vehicle is determined. The fourth amount of carbon emissions produced during the commissioning stage of the recommended vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during the construction (e.g., manufacturing) of the recommended vehicle and/or the transportation of the recommended vehicle. - Specifically, the carbon emissions produced during the construction (e.g., manufacturing) of the recommended vehicle include the carbon emissions produced during the manufacturing of all the vehicle parts that make up the recommended vehicle, the carbon emissions produced during the transportation of the vehicle parts to a manufacturer of the recommended vehicle, and/or the carbon emissions produced during the manufacturing of the recommended vehicle. As an example, the carbon emissions produced during the construction of the recommended vehicle depend in part upon a make, a type, and/or a model of the current vehicle. It should be appreciated that, in some embodiments, the carbon emissions produced during the construction of the recommended vehicle may be provided by a third party. As an example, a car manufacturing company may provide such information.
- Additionally, according to certain embodiments, the carbon emissions produced during construction of the recommended vehicle further includes carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the vehicle parts to a destination location (e.g., a manufacturer) to make the recommended vehicle. To do so, one or more transportation methods that have been used to deliver the vehicle parts to the destination location to make the recommended vehicle are determined. For example, the vehicle parts may be transported to its destination location by an auto transport trailer (also known as a car hauler), a train, a boat, and/or an airplane. It should be appreciated that, in some embodiments, the one or more transportation methods may be provided by one or more third parties.
- At the
process 326, the fifth amount of carbon emissions produced by the recommended vehicle during the operating stage is determined based in part upon the driving data. In other words, the fifth amount of carbon emissions represents an amount of carbon emissions that would have been produced if the one or more drivers of the current vehicle were to drive the new recommended vehicle. As described above, the driving data includes information related to one or more driving behaviors of the one or more drivers. As such, by using the same driving data of the one or more driving behaviors of the one or more drivers associated with the current vehicle, the one or more drivers driving habits and/or driving patterns of the one or more drivers are determined. Based upon the driving habits and/or driving patterns of the one or more drivers, a fuel consumption of the recommended vehicle during the operating stage is predicted according to certain embodiments. - At the
process 328, the sixth amount of carbon emissions produced by the recommended vehicle during the decommissioning stage of the recommended vehicle is determined. According to some embodiments, the decommissioning stage of the recommended vehicle includes deconstruction of the recommended vehicle. For example, the sixth amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the recommended vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during deconstruction (e.g., destroyed or recycled) of the recommended vehicle, including deconstruction (e.g., destroyed or recycled) of all the vehicle parts of the recommended vehicle. As such, the sixth amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the recommended vehicle depends in part upon a make, a type, and/or a model of the recommended vehicle according to certain embodiments. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the sixth amount of carbon emissions produced during the decommissioning stage of the recommended vehicle includes carbon emissions produced during a transportation of the recommended vehicle to a vehicle dismantling place (e.g., junkyard, wrecking yard, auto dismantling yard, car spare parts supplier, auto or vehicle recycling). In such embodiments, the sixth amount of carbon emissions depends in part upon a transportation method that has been used to deliver the recommended vehicle to the vehicle dismantling place. - Accordingly, at the
process 330, the predicted amount of carbon emissions produced during the life cycle of the recommended vehicle is determined based at least upon the fourth amount of carbon emissions, the fifth amount of carbon emissions, and the sixth amount of carbon emissions. - At the
process 332, the recommended vehicle is presented to the user. As an example, the recommended vehicle is transmitted to a user’s mobile device. In some embodiments, more than one recommended vehicle may be determined and presented to the user. In the illustrative embodiment, the user is the owner of the current vehicle. However, in some embodiments, the user may include one or more drivers of the current vehicle. In such embodiments, the recommended vehicle may be transmitted to any one of the one or more drivers of the current vehicle. - At the
process 334, in response to presenting the recommended vehicle to the user, a response may be received from the user indicating that the user wants to purchase the recommended vehicle or that the user is interest in purchasing the recommended vehicle. - At the
process 336, in response to receiving the user’s indication that the user wants to purchase the recommended vehicle or that the user is interest in purchasing the recommended vehicle, additional information is provided to the user. For example, an estimated cost of the recommended vehicle and one or more locations of auto shops or dealerships near the user to purchase the recommended vehicle may be provided to the user. Additionally or alternatively, an estimated insurance premium for the recommended vehicle may be provided to the user according to certain embodiments. -
FIG. 4 is a simplified method for training an artificial neural network for determining an amount of fuel consumed by a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As described above, the amount of fuel consumed by a vehicle depends on vehicle information (e.g., a specific make, type, and/or model) and one or more driving features indicative of various driving maneuvers made by the one or more drivers of a respective vehicle. As such, the driving features are related to a fuel consumption efficiency of the respective vehicle and are used to determine an amount of carbon emissions produced by the respective vehicle. Since a different vehicle (e.g., different make and model) may produce different amounts of carbon emissions with the same driving features (e.g., the same driving data), the artificial neural network is trained to determine driving features (e.g., an amount of fuel consumption) of a particular vehicle based upon collected driving data. - This diagram is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize many variations, alternatives, and modifications. The
method 600 includesprocess 602 for collecting sets of training data,process 604 for providing one set of training data to an artificial neural network for training,process 606 for analyzing the one set of training data to determine past driving features associated with a past fuel consumption of a respective vehicle,process 608 for generating an estimated past efficiency value related to the past fuel consumption,process 610 for comparing the estimated past efficiency value with an actual past efficiency value,process 612 for adjusting parameters related to the past driving features associated with the past fuel consumption in the artificial neural network, andprocess 614 for determining whether training of the artificial neural network has been completed. Although the above has been shown using a selected group of processes for the method, there can be many alternatives, modifications, and variations. For example, some of the processes may be expanded and/or combined. Other processes may be inserted to those noted above. Depending upon the embodiment, the sequence of processes may be interchanged with others replaced. For example, some or all processes of the method are performed by a computing device or a processor directed by instructions stored in memory. As an example, some or all processes of the method are performed according to instructions stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium. - At the
process 602, one or more sets of training data for one or more past vehicle trips made by one or more vehicles are collected according to some embodiments. For example, each set of training data is associated with a vehicle and includes vehicle information (e.g., a make, a type, and/or a model of the vehicle), past driving data related to a past driving behavior of the respective vehicle, and an actual past efficiency value related to a past fuel consumption of the respective vehicle. As an example, the one or more sets of training data are collected from various past vehicle trips made by the one or more vehicles that have already been made by users. In various embodiments, the one or more sets of training data are collected from sensors (e.g., one or more accelerometers, one or more gyroscopes, one or more magnetometers, and/or one or more GPS sensors) associated with respective vehicles operated by the users. - At the
process 604, one set of training data in the one or more sets of training data is provided to the artificial neural network to train the artificial neural network according to certain embodiments. As an example, the artificial neural network is a convolutional neural network, a recurrent neural network, a modular neural network, or any other suitable type of neural network. - At the
process 606, the past driving data of the one set of training data are analyzed by the artificial neural network to determine one or more past driving features associated with the past fuel consumption of the respective vehicle according to some embodiments. According to certain embodiments, the one or more past driving features indicate various past driving maneuvers (e.g., braking, acceleration, speeding, and/or cornering) that have impacted the amount of fuel consumed by the respective vehicle. For example, past driving maneuvers such as sudden braking and/or acceleration are considered to consume more fuel. As an example, past driving maneuvers such as smooth braking and/or acceleration at moderate rates are considered to consume less fuel. - At the
process 608, the estimated past efficiency value related to the past fuel consumption by the respective vehicle is generated by the artificial neural network based at least in part upon the one or more past driving features according to certain embodiments. For example, in generating the estimated past efficiency value, one or more parameters related to the one or more past driving features associated with the past fuel consumption of the respective vehicle are calculated by the artificial neural network (e.g., weight values associated with various layers of connections in the artificial neural network). - At the
process 610, the estimated past efficiency value is compared with the actual past efficiency value to determine an accuracy of the estimated past efficiency value according to some embodiments. According to certain embodiments, the accuracy is determined by using a loss function or a cost function for the one set of training data. - At the
process 612, based at least in part upon the comparison, the one or more parameters related to the one or more past driving features associated with the past fuel consumption of the respective vehicle are adjusted by the artificial neural network. For example, the one or more parameters are adjusted in order to reduce (e.g., minimize) the loss function or the cost function. - At the
process 614, a determination is made on whether the training has been completed according to certain embodiments. For example, training for the one set of training data is completed when the loss function or the cost function for the one set of training data is sufficiently reduced (e.g., minimized). As an example, training for the artificial neural network is completed when training for each of the one or more sets of training data is accomplished. - In some embodiments, if the
process 614 determines that training of the artificial neural network is not yet completed, then themethod 600 returns to theprocess 604 in an iterative manner until training is deemed to be completed. - In certain embodiments, if the
process 614 determines that training of the artificial neural network is completed, then themethod 600 for training the artificial neural network stops. In some examples, the artificial neural network that has been trained by themethod 600 is used as a model by theprocess 106 of themethod 100 as shown inFIG. 1 , theprocess 214 of themethod 200 as shown inFIG. 2B , and/or theprocess 314 of themethod 300 as shown inFIG. 3B . In certain examples, the trained artificial neural network possesses existing knowledge of which past driving features are desirable in terms of past fuel consumption efficiency. In some examples, the determined one or more past driving features relate to the one or more past user driving features in theprocess 312 of themethod 300 as shown inFIG. 3B . -
FIG. 5 is a simplified diagram showing a system for determining a total amount of carbon emissions produced by a vehicle according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. This diagram is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize many variations, alternatives, and modifications. In the illustrative embodiment, thesystem 400 includes amobile device 402, anetwork 404, and aserver 406. Although the above has been shown using a selected group of components for the system, there can be many alternatives, modifications, and variations. For example, some of the components may be expanded and/or combined. Other components may be inserted to those noted above. Depending upon the embodiment, the arrangement of components may be interchanged with others replaced. - In various embodiments, the
system 400 is used to implement themethod 100, themethod 200, and/or themethod 300. According to certain embodiments, themobile device 402 is communicatively coupled to theserver 406 via thenetwork 404. As an example, themobile device 402 includes one or more processors 416 (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU)), a memory 418 (e.g., random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory), a communications unit 420 (e.g., a network transceiver), a display unit 422 (e.g., a touchscreen), and one or more sensors 424 (e.g., an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a magnetometer, a location sensor). For example, the one ormore sensors 424 are configured to generate the driving data. According to some embodiments, the driving data are collected continuously, at predetermined time intervals, and/or based on a triggering event (e.g., when each sensor has acquired a threshold amount of sensor measurements). - In some embodiments, the
mobile device 402 is operated by the user. For example, the user installs an application associated with an insurer on themobile device 402 and allows the application to communicate with the one ormore sensors 424 to collect data (e.g., the driving data). According to some embodiments, the application collects the data continuously, at predetermined time intervals, and/or based on a triggering event (e.g., when each sensor has acquired a threshold amount of sensor measurements). In certain embodiments, the data is used to determine an amount of carbon emissions generated by the user’s vehicle in themethod 100, themethod 200, and/or themethod 300. As an example, the data represents the user’s driving behaviors. According to some embodiments, there may be other drivers that drives the user’s vehicle. In such embodiments, there may be multiple mobile devices (e.g., mobile devices of one or more drivers of the vehicle) that are in communication with theserver 406. - According to certain embodiments, the collected data are stored in the
memory 418 before being transmitted to theserver 406 using thecommunications unit 422 via the network 404 (e.g., via a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), the Internet). In some embodiments, the collected data are transmitted directly to theserver 406 via thenetwork 404. In certain embodiments, the collected data are transmitted to theserver 406 via a third party. For example, a data monitoring system stores any and all data collected by the one ormore sensors 424 and transmits those data to theserver 406 via thenetwork 404 or a different network. - According to certain embodiments, the
server 406 includes a processor 430 (e.g., a microprocessor, a microcontroller), amemory 432, a communications unit 434 (e.g., a network transceiver), and a data storage 436 (e.g., one or more databases). In some embodiments, theserver 406 is a single server, while in certain embodiments, theserver 406 includes a plurality of servers with distributed processing. As an example, inFIG. 5 , thedata storage 436 is shown to be part of theserver 406. In some embodiments, thedata storage 436 is a separate entity coupled to theserver 406 via a network such as thenetwork 404. In certain embodiments, theserver 406 includes various software applications stored in thememory 432 and executable by theprocessor 430. For example, these software applications include specific programs, routines, or scripts for performing functions associated with themethod 100, themethod 200, and/or themethod 300. As an example, the software applications include general-purpose software applications for data processing, network communication, database management, web server operation, and/or other functions typically performed by a server. - According to various embodiments, the
server 406 receives, via thenetwork 404, the driving data collected by the one ormore sensors 424 from the application using thecommunications unit 434 and stores the data in thedata storage 436. For example, theserver 406 then processes the data to perform one or more processes of themethod 100, one or more processes of themethod 200, and/or one or more processes of themethod 300. - According to certain embodiments, the recommended vehicle in the
method 300 is transmitted to themobile device 402, via thenetwork 404, to be provided (e.g., displayed) to the user via thedisplay unit 422. - In some embodiments, one or more processes of the
method 100, one or more processes of themethod 200, and/or one or more processes of themethod 300 are performed by themobile device 402. For example, theprocessor 416 of themobile device 402 analyzes the driving data collected by the one ormore sensors 424 to perform one or more processes of themethod 100, one or more processes of themethod 200, and/or one or more processes of themethod 300. -
FIG. 6 is a simplified diagram showing acomputer device 500, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. This diagram is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize many variations, alternatives, and modifications. In some examples, thecomputer device 500 includes aprocessing unit 502, amemory unit 504, aninput unit 506, anoutput unit 508, and acommunication unit 510. In various examples, thecomputer device 500 is configured to be in communication with auser 520 and/or astorage device 522. In certain examples, thesystem computer device 500 is configured according to thesystem 400 ofFIG. 5 to implement themethod 100 ofFIG. 1 , themethod 200 ofFIGS. 2A and 2B , and/or themethod 300 ofFIGS. 3A-3D . Although the above has been shown using a selected group of components, there can be many alternatives, modifications, and variations. In some examples, some of the components may be expanded and/or combined. Some components may be removed. Other components may be inserted to those noted above. Depending upon the embodiment, the arrangement of components may be interchanged with others replaced. - In various embodiments, the
processing unit 502 is configured for executing instructions, such as instructions to implement themethod 100 ofFIG. 1 , themethod 200 ofFIGS. 2A and 2B , and/or themethod 300 ofFIGS. 3A-3D . In some embodiments, executable instructions may be stored in thememory unit 504. In some examples, theprocessing unit 502 includes one or more processing units (e.g., in a multi-core configuration). In certain examples, theprocessing unit 502 includes and/or is communicatively coupled to one or more modules for implementing the systems and methods described in the present disclosure. In some examples, theprocessing unit 502 is configured to execute instructions within one or more operating systems, such as UNIX, LINUX, Microsoft Windows®, etc. In certain examples, upon initiation of a computer-implemented method, one or more instructions is executed during initialization. In some examples, one or more operations is executed to perform one or more processes described herein. In certain examples, an operation may be general or specific to a particular programming language (e.g., C, C#, C++, Java, or other suitable programming languages, etc.). In various examples, theprocessing unit 502 is configured to be operatively coupled to thestorage device 522, such as via an on-board storage unit 512. - In various embodiments, the
memory unit 504 includes a device allowing information, such as executable instructions and/or other data to be stored and retrieved. In some examples, thememory unit 504 includes one or more computer readable media. In some embodiments, data stored in thememory unit 504 include computer readable instructions for providing a user interface, such as to theuser 504, via theoutput unit 508. In some examples, a user interface includes a web browser and/or a client application. In various examples, a web browser enables one or more users, such as theuser 504, to display and/or interact with media and/or other information embedded on a web page and/or a website. In certain examples, thememory unit 504 include computer readable instructions for receiving and processing an input, such as from theuser 504, via theinput unit 506. In certain examples, thememory unit 504 includes random access memory (RAM) such as dynamic RAM (DRAM) or static RAM (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), and/or non-volatile RAM (NVRAN). - In various embodiments, the
input unit 506 is configured to receive input, such as from theuser 504. In some examples, theinput unit 506 includes a keyboard, a pointing device, a mouse, a stylus, a touch sensitive panel (e.g., a touch pad or a touch screen), a gyroscope, an accelerometer, a position detector (e.g., a Global Positioning System), and/or an audio input device. In certain examples, theinput unit 506, such as a touch screen of the input unit, is configured to function as both the input unit and the output unit. - In various embodiments, the
output unit 508 includes a media output unit configured to present information to theuser 504. In some embodiments, theoutput unit 508 includes any component capable of conveying information to theuser 504. In certain embodiments, theoutput unit 508 includes an output adapter, such as a video adapter and/or an audio adapter. In various examples, theoutput unit 508, such as an output adapter of the output unit, is operatively coupled to theprocessing unit 502 and/or operatively coupled to an presenting device configured to present the information to the user, such as via a visual display device (e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display, an “electronic ink” display, a projected display, etc.) or an audio display device (e.g., a speaker arrangement or headphones). - In various embodiments, the
communication unit 510 is configured to be communicatively coupled to a remote device. In some examples, thecommunication unit 510 includes a wired network adapter, a wireless network adapter, a wireless data transceiver for use with a mobile phone network (e.g., Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), 3G, 4G, or Bluetooth), and/or other mobile data networks (e.g., Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WIMAX)). In certain examples, other types of short-range or long-range networks may be used. In some examples, thecommunication unit 510 is configured to provide email integration for communicating data between a server and one or more clients. - In various embodiments, the
storage unit 512 is configured to enable communication between thecomputer device 500, such as via theprocessing unit 502, and anexternal storage device 522. In some examples, thestorage unit 512 is a storage interface. In certain examples, the storage interface is any component capable of providing theprocessing unit 502 with access to thestorage device 522. In various examples, thestorage unit 512 includes an Advanced Technology Attachment (ATA) adapter, a Serial ATA (SATA) adapter, a Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) adapter, a RAID controller, a SAN adapter, a network adapter, and/or any other component capable of providing theprocessing unit 502 with access to thestorage device 522. - In some examples, the
storage device 522 includes any computer-operated hardware suitable for storing and/or retrieving data. In certain examples, thestorage device 522 is integrated in thecomputer device 500. In some examples, thestorage device 522 includes a database, such as a local database or a cloud database. In certain examples, thestorage device 522 includes one or more hard disk drives. In various examples, the storage device is external and is configured to be accessed by a plurality of server systems. In certain examples, the storage device includes multiple storage units such as hard disks or solid state disks in a redundant array of inexpensive disks (RAID) configuration. In some examples, thestorage device 522 includes a storage area network (SAN) and/or a network attached storage (NAS) system. - According to some embodiments, a processor or a processing element may be trained using supervised machine learning and/or unsupervised machine learning, and the machine learning may employ an artificial neural network, which, for example, may be a convolutional neural network, a recurrent neural network, a deep learning neural network, a reinforcement learning module or program, or a combined learning module or program that learns in two or more fields or areas of interest. Machine learning may involve identifying and recognizing patterns in existing data in order to facilitate making predictions for subsequent data. Models may be created based upon example inputs in order to make valid and reliable predictions for novel inputs.
- According to certain embodiments, machine learning programs may be trained by inputting sample data sets or certain data into the programs, such as images, object statistics and information, historical estimates, and/or actual repair costs. The machine learning programs may utilize deep learning algorithms that may be primarily focused on pattern recognition and may be trained after processing multiple examples. The machine learning programs may include Bayesian Program Learning (BPL), voice recognition and synthesis, image or object recognition, optical character recognition, and/or natural language processing. The machine learning programs may also include natural language processing, semantic analysis, automatic reasoning, and/or other types of machine learning.
- According to some embodiments, supervised machine learning techniques and/or unsupervised machine learning techniques may be used. In supervised machine learning, a processing element may be provided with example inputs and their associated outputs and may seek to discover a general rule that maps inputs to outputs, so that when subsequent novel inputs are provided the processing element may, based upon the discovered rule, accurately predict the correct output. In unsupervised machine learning, the processing element may need to find its own structure in unlabeled example inputs.
- According to certain embodiments, a method for determining total carbon emissions of a first vehicle includes determining a first amount of carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage of the first vehicle. The method further includes collecting driving data for one or more trips made by the first vehicle during an operating stage of the first vehicle and determining a second amount of carbon emissions produced during the operating stage of the first vehicle based at least in part upon the driving data. The driving data includes information related to one or more driving behaviors of one or more drivers of the first vehicle. Also, the method includes determining a third amount of carbon emissions produced during a decommissioning stage of the first vehicle. Additionally, the method includes determining the total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of the first vehicle based at least upon the first amount of carbon emissions, the second amount of carbon emissions, and the third amount of carbon emissions. The life cycle of the first vehicle includes the commissioning stage of the first vehicle, the operating stage of the first vehicle, and the decommissioning stage of the first vehicle. For example, the method is implemented according to at least
FIG. 1 ,FIGS. 2A and 2B , and/orFIGS. 3A-3D . - According to certain embodiments, a computing device for determining total carbon emissions of a first vehicle includes one or more processors and a memory that stores instructions for execution by the one or more processors. The instructions, when executed, cause the one or more processors to determine a first amount of carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage of the first vehicle. Further, the instructions, when executed, cause the one or more processors to collect driving data for one or more trips made by the first vehicle during an operating stage of the first vehicle and determine a second amount of carbon emissions produced during the operating stage of the first vehicle based at least in part upon the driving data. The driving data includes information related to one or more driving behaviors of one or more drivers of the first vehicle. Also, the instructions, when executed, cause the one or more processors to determine a third amount of carbon emissions produced during a decommissioning stage of the first vehicle. Additionally, the instructions, when executed, cause the one or more processors to determine the total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of the first vehicle based at least upon the first amount of carbon emissions, the second amount of carbon emissions, and the third amount of carbon emissions. The life cycle of the first vehicle includes the commissioning stage of the first vehicle, the operating stage of the first vehicle, and the decommissioning stage of the first vehicle. For example, the computing device (e.g., the server 406) is implemented according to at least
FIG. 5 . - According to certain embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable medium stores instructions for determining total carbon emissions of a first vehicle. The instructions are executed by one or more processors of a computing device. The non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions to determine a first amount of carbon emissions produced during a commissioning stage of the first vehicle. Further, the non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions to collect driving data for one or more trips made by the first vehicle during an operating stage of the first vehicle and determine a second amount of carbon emissions produced during the operating stage of the first vehicle based at least in part upon the driving data. The driving data includes information related to one or more driving behaviors of one or more drivers of the first vehicle. Also, the non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions to determine a third amount of carbon emissions produced during a decommissioning stage of the first vehicle. Additionally, the non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions to determine the total amount of carbon emissions produced during a life cycle of the first vehicle based at least upon the first amount of carbon emissions, the second amount of carbon emissions, and the third amount of carbon emissions. The life cycle of the first vehicle includes the commissioning stage of the first vehicle, the operating stage of the first vehicle, and the decommissioning stage of the first vehicle. For example, the non-transitory computer-readable medium is implemented according to at least
FIG. 1 ,FIGS. 2A and 2B , and/orFIGS. 3A-3D . - For example, some or all components of various embodiments of the present disclosure each are, individually and/or in combination with at least another component, implemented using one or more software components, one or more hardware components, and/or one or more combinations of software and hardware components. As an example, some or all components of various embodiments of the present disclosure each are, individually and/or in combination with at least another component, implemented in one or more circuits, such as one or more analog circuits and/or one or more digital circuits. For example, while the embodiments described above refer to particular features, the scope of the present disclosure also includes embodiments having different combinations of features and embodiments that do not include all of the described features. As an example, various embodiments and/or examples of the present disclosure can be combined.
- Additionally, the methods and systems described herein may be implemented on many different types of processing devices by program code comprising program instructions that are executable by the device processing subsystem. The software program instructions may include source code, object code, machine code, or any other stored data that is operable to cause a processing system to perform the methods and operations described herein. Certain implementations may also be used, however, such as firmware or even appropriately designed hardware configured to perform the methods and systems described herein.
- The systems’ and methods’ data (e.g., associations, mappings, data input, data output, intermediate data results, final data results) may be stored and implemented in one or more different types of computer-implemented data stores, such as different types of storage devices and programming constructs (e.g., RAM, ROM, EEPROM, Flash memory, flat files, databases, programming data structures, programming variables, IF-THEN (or similar type) statement constructs, application programming interface). It is noted that data structures describe formats for use in organizing and storing data in databases, programs, memory, or other computer-readable media for use by a computer program.
- The systems and methods may be provided on many different types of computer-readable media including computer storage mechanisms (e.g., CD-ROM, diskette, RAM, flash memory, computer’s hard drive, DVD) that contain instructions (e.g., software) for use in execution by a processor to perform the methods’ operations and implement the systems described herein. The computer components, software modules, functions, data stores and data structures described herein may be connected directly or indirectly to each other in order to allow the flow of data needed for their operations. It is also noted that a module or processor includes a unit of code that performs a software operation, and can be implemented for example as a subroutine unit of code, or as a software function unit of code, or as an object (as in an object-oriented paradigm), or as an applet, or in a computer script language, or as another type of computer code. The software components and/or functionality may be located on a single computer or distributed across multiple computers depending upon the situation at hand.
- The computing system can include mobile devices and servers. A mobile device and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of mobile device and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a mobile device-server relationship to each other.
- This specification contains many specifics for particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in this specification in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable subcombination. Moreover, although features may be described above as acting in certain combinations, one or more features from a combination can in some cases be removed from the combination, and a combination may, for example, be directed to a subcombination or variation of a subcombination.
- Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Moreover, the separation of various system components in the embodiments described above should not be understood as requiring such separation in all embodiments, and it should be understood that the described program components and systems can generally be integrated together in a single software product or packaged into multiple software products.
- Although specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that there are other embodiments that are equivalent to the described embodiments. Accordingly, it is to be understood that the present disclosure is not to be limited by the specific illustrated embodiments.
Claims (20)
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