US20230099120A1 - Systems and methods for facilitating instrument delivery through a peripheral intravenous catheter - Google Patents
Systems and methods for facilitating instrument delivery through a peripheral intravenous catheter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20230099120A1 US20230099120A1 US18/072,212 US202218072212A US2023099120A1 US 20230099120 A1 US20230099120 A1 US 20230099120A1 US 202218072212 A US202218072212 A US 202218072212A US 2023099120 A1 US2023099120 A1 US 2023099120A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- catheter adapter
- connector
- control valve
- proximal end
- coupled
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 20
- 206010016754 Flashback Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000005166 vasculature Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 208000012266 Needlestick injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000012953 feeding on blood of other organism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021476 total parenteral nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
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Definitions
- Catheters are commonly used for a variety of infusion therapies.
- catheters may be used for infusing fluids, such as normal saline solution, various medicaments, and total parenteral nutrition, into a patient.
- catheters may also be used for withdrawing blood from the patient.
- a common type of catheter is an over-the-needle peripheral intravenous catheter (“PIVC”).
- PIVC peripheral intravenous catheter
- the over-the-needle PIVC may be mounted over an introducer needle having a sharp distal tip.
- the PIVC and the introducer needle may be assembled so that the distal tip of the introducer needle extends beyond the distal tip of the PIVC with the bevel of the needle facing up away from skin of the patient.
- the PIVC and introducer needle are generally inserted at a shallow angle through the skin into vasculature of the patient.
- a user In order to verify proper placement of the introducer needle and/or the PIVC in the blood vessel, a user generally confirms that there is “flashback” of blood in a flashback chamber of a PIVC assembly. Once placement of the needle has been confirmed, the user may temporarily occlude flow in the vasculature and remove the introducer needle, leaving the PIVC in place for future blood withdrawal and/or fluid infusion.
- PIVC may narrow, collapse, or clog with time, leading to failure of the PIVC. Due to this, PIVCs may often be used for acquiring a blood sample at a time of PIVC placement, but they are much less frequently used for acquiring a blood sample during the PIVC dwell period. Therefore, when a blood sample is needed, an additional needle stick may be used to provide vein access for blood collection, which may be painful for the patient. In order to extend the life of the PIVC and allow for fluid infusion and/or blood withdrawal through the PIVC assembly, in some instances, an instrument delivery device may be used to deliver an additional catheter through the PIVC.
- Delivery of the additional catheter through the PIVC may be difficult in current integrated catheter systems having an integrated extension tube, such as, for example, the BD NEXIVATM Closed IV Catheter System, the BD NEXIVATM DIFFUSICSTM Closed IV Catheter System, the Becton Dickinson PEGASUSTM Safety Closed IV Catheter System, or other integrated catheter systems.
- it may be difficult to advance the additional catheter through a length of the integrated extension tube and/or through a septum disposed in a lumen of a catheter adapter of the system in order to place the additional catheter within or beyond the PIVC.
- the instrument may include an additional catheter for fluid infusion or blood draw, a guidewire, a probe with a sensor, or a light tube for disinfection.
- a system for facilitating instrument delivery through the PIVC may include a catheter adapter, which may include a proximal end, a distal end, and a lumen extending there through.
- the PIVC may extend distally from the catheter adapter.
- the catheter adapter may include a side port.
- an extension tube may extend from the side port.
- a blood control valve may be disposed in the lumen of the catheter adapter.
- the blood control valve may be disposed proximal to the side port. In these and other embodiments, the blood control valve may not allow air venting. In some embodiments, the blood control valve may be disposed distal to the side port. In these and other embodiments, the blood control valve may allow air venting.
- the system may include a Y-adapter coupled to a proximal end of the extension tube.
- the Y-adapter may include a first port and a second port.
- a needleless connector may be coupled to the first port, and a needleless connector may be coupled to the second port.
- the blood control valve may allow air venting, which may facilitate observation of blood flashback by the user.
- the system may include a cap, which may be coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter.
- the system may include a needleless connector coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter.
- the proximal end of the catheter adapter may include a luer adapter or a non-luer adapter.
- an extension set may be coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter.
- the extension set may include a distal connector coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter, and a proximal connector.
- the extension set may include tubing disposed between the distal connector and the proximal connector.
- the proximal connector may include a needleless connector.
- the distal connector may include a cannula that penetrates the blood control valve in response to the distal connector being coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter.
- the cannula may be blunt.
- the cannula may be constructed of plastic or metal, such as, for example, steel.
- the distal connector may include a male luer, which may provide a fluid tight seal.
- the male luer may include an extension, which may penetrate the blood control valve in response to the distal connector being coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter.
- the extension and/or the cannula may include one or more flushing windows.
- the cannula and the extension may each correspond to an actuator of the blood control valve.
- the lumen of the catheter adapter may not include an actuator of the blood control valve other than the cannula or the extension.
- the system may include an instrument delivery device, which may be coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter.
- the instrument delivery device may include the instrument, which may be configured to advance distally through the blood control valve and the PIVC.
- a distal portion of the lumen of the catheter adapter may be narrowed to provide a guide feature for the instrument as the instrument is advanced distally.
- the system may include a needle assembly removably coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter.
- an introducer needle of the needle assembly may extend through the blood control valve.
- FIG. 1 A is an upper perspective view of an example catheter system, illustrating an example needle assembly coupled to a proximal end of an example catheter assembly, according to some embodiments;
- FIG. 1 B is an exploded view of the needle assembly and the catheter assembly, according to some embodiments.
- FIG. 1 C is a cross-sectional view of the catheter assembly, illustrating an example blood control valve disposed proximal to an example side port, according to some embodiments;
- FIG. 1 D is another cross-sectional view of the catheter assembly, illustrating the blood control valve disposed distal to the side port, according to some embodiments;
- FIG. 1 E is an upper perspective view of an example needleless connector coupled to the proximal end of the catheter assembly, according to some embodiments;
- FIG. 2 A is an upper perspective view of an example extension set coupled to the proximal end of the catheter assembly, according to some embodiments;
- FIG. 2 B is an upper perspective view of an example instrument delivery device coupled to the extension set;
- FIG. 2 C is a cross-sectional view of an example distal connector of the extension set coupled to the proximal end of the catheter assembly, according to some embodiments;
- FIG. 2 D is a cross-sectional view of another example distal connector of the extension set coupled to the proximal end of the catheter assembly, according to some embodiments;
- FIG. 2 E illustrates an example actuator prior to coupling of the distal connector to the proximal end of the catheter assembly, according to some embodiments.
- FIG. 2 F illustrates the actuator penetrating the blood control valve, according to some embodiments.
- the present disclosure relates generally to devices, systems, and methods for facilitating delivery of an instrument through a PIVC.
- the instrument may include an additional catheter for fluid infusion or blood draw, a guidewire, a probe with a sensor, or a light tube for disinfection.
- a system 10 for facilitating instrument delivery through a PIVC 14 may include a catheter adapter 12 , the PIVC 14 extending distally from the catheter adapter 12 , and an extension tube 16 extending from the catheter adapter 12 .
- the catheter adapter 12 may include a side port 18 .
- the extension tube 16 may extend from the side port 18 .
- the catheter adapter 12 may include a proximal end 20 and a distal end 22 .
- the system 10 may include a Y-adapter 24 , which may include a distal end 26 , a first port 28 , and a second port 30 .
- the distal end 26 of the Y-adapter 24 may be coupled to the extension tube 16 .
- the extension tube 16 may include a clamp 17 , which may selectively close off the extension tube 16 to prevent blood or another fluid from flowing through the extension tube 16 .
- the system 10 may be integrated, having the integrated extension tube 16 . In other embodiments, the system 10 may be non-integrated.
- the system 10 may include a needle assembly, which may include a needle hub 34 and an introducer needle 36 . In some embodiments, in response to the introducer needle 36 being inserted into a vein of the patient, flashback of blood may flow through a sharp distal tip 38 of the introducer needle 36 and out of a distal notch of the introducer needle 36 into a portion of the system 10 .
- the blood flashback may flow through the distal tip 38 and out of the distal notch into a space between an exterior surface of the introducer needle 36 and an interior surface of the PIVC 14 (this may be referred to as “primary flashback”).
- blood flashback may flow into the extension tube 16 (this may be referred to as “secondary flashback”).
- Primary and/or secondary blood flashback may confirm that the introducer needle 36 and/or a distal tip 48 of the PIVC 14 are located within the vein of the patient.
- the needle assembly may be removably coupled to the proximal end 20 of the catheter adapter 12 .
- the introducer needle 36 of the needle assembly may extend through the blood control valve 44 .
- a first needleless connector 40 a may be coupled to the first port 28
- a second needleless connector 40 b may be coupled to the second port 30
- a blood control septum or valve disposed within the lumen 46 of the catheter adapter 12 may allow air venting.
- needleless connectors are described in U.S. Pat. No. 8,066,670, filed Nov. 5, 2007, entitled “VASCULAR ACCESS DEVICE SEPTUM VENTING,” which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- the system 10 may not include a vent-plug.
- the system 10 may include a vent plug.
- the vent plug may be coupled to one of the first port 29 and the second port 30 , and a particular needleless connector may be coupled to another of the first port 29 and the second port 30 .
- the system 10 may be preassembled as illustrated in FIG. 1 A such that the user removes the system 10 illustrated in FIG. 10 from a package.
- the needle assembly may not include a safety mechanism.
- the needle assembly may include a safety mechanism (not illustrated), which may shield the sharp, distal tip 38 of the introducer needle 36 in response to the needle assembly being removed from the system 10 .
- the safety mechanism may include any safety mechanism configured to shield the sharp, distal tip 38 .
- the safety mechanism may be coupled to the catheter adapter 12 in any number of ways.
- the safety mechanism may include a spring mechanism.
- the safety mechanism may be similar to that of the BD INSYTETM AUTOGUARDTM BC Shielded IV Catheter.
- the safety mechanism may include an internal interlock in which the safety mechanism is coupled to an internal surface of a catheter adapter 12 . Coupling may include threading, fitting, snapping, connecting, attaching, fastening, clipping, hooking, or any other suitable means of coupling.
- Non-limiting examples of safety mechanisms that include an internal interlock are provided in: U.S. Pat. No.
- the safety mechanism may include a clip disposed within the catheter adapter 14 , a non-limiting example of which is provided in U.S. Pat. No. 6,117,108, titled SPRING CLIP SAFETY IV CATHETER, filed Jun. 12, 1998, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- the safety mechanism may include an external interlock in which the safety mechanism is coupled to an external surface of the catheter adapter 12 .
- the safety mechanism may be coupled to an external surface of the catheter adapter and an internal and/or external surface of the needle hub 34 . Coupling may include threading, fitting, snapping, connecting, attaching, fastening, clipping, hooking, or any other suitable means of coupling.
- Non-limiting examples of safety mechanisms that include an external interlock are provided in U.S. Pat. Application No. 14/295,953, titled PORTED IV CATHETER HAVING EXTERNAL NEEDLE SHIELD AND INTERNAL BLOOD CONTROL SEPTUM, filed Jun. 4, 2014, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- the safety mechanism may include a V-clip or a similar clip.
- V-clip A non-limiting example of a V-clip is provided in U.S. Pat. Application No. 14/295,953, titled PORTED IV CATHETER HAVING EXTERNAL NEEDLE SHIELD AND INTERNAL BLOOD CONTROL SEPTUM, filed Jun. 4, 2014, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- the V-clip may selectively retain a portion of the catheter adapter 12 .
- a blood control septum or valve 44 may be disposed in the lumen 46 of the catheter adapter 12 .
- the blood control valve 44 may be single-use or multi-use.
- the blood control valve 44 may provide a physical barrier to control the flow of blood and other fluids between a distal chamber 50 and the proximal chamber 52 of the catheter adapter 12 .
- the blood control valve 44 may be secured within the lumen 46 of the catheter adapter 12 in any number of ways, including, for example, an annular groove, adhesive, plastic weld, retainer clip, mechanical connection, etc.
- the blood control valve 44 may include any structural configuration that is capable of dividing the lumen 46 into the distal chamber 50 and the forward chamber 52 .
- the blood control valve 44 may include a membrane.
- the blood control valve 44 may include a disc.
- the blood control valve 44 may include one or more slits, which form a pathway through the blood control valve 44 .
- the blood control valve 44 may constructed of a material that is resilient and elastic.
- the blood control valve 44 may differ from a septum of one or more of the following in one or more ways: the BD NEXIVATM Closed IV Catheter System, the BD CATHENATM Catheter System, and the BD INSYTETM AUTOGUARDTM BC Shielded IV Catheter.
- the septum may include a distal piece having a first barrier against blood flow and a proximal piece having a second barrier against blood flow.
- the septum of the BD NEXIVATM Closed IV Catheter System may be disposed within a canister and/or constructed of polyisoprene.
- the blood control valve 44 may be disposed proximal to the side port 18 . In further detail, in some embodiments, the blood control valve 44 may be disposed proximal to an opening of the side port 18 into the lumen 46 . In these and other embodiments, the blood control valve 44 may not allow air venting such that air is not permitted to pass between the distal and proximal chambers 50 , 52 , which may prevent blood and/or priming fluid leakage.
- the blood control valve 44 may allow air venting, which may facilitate observation of blood flashback by the user.
- the blood control valve 44 may allow air venting in any number of ways.
- an outer surface of the blood control valve 44 may include one or more grooves permeable to air but not fluid.
- an inner surface of the catheter adapter 12 disposed along a length of the blood control valve 44 may include one or more grooves permeable to air but not fluid. In these embodiments, the blood control valve 44 may not be permeable to fluid when in a closed position.
- a distal portion of the lumen 46 of the catheter adapter 12 may be narrowed to provide a guide feature 51 for the instrument as the instrument is advanced distally.
- the blood control valve 44 may be disposed distal to the side port 18 .
- the blood control valve 44 may be disposed distal to the opening of the side port 18 into the lumen 46 .
- the blood control valve 44 may allow air venting.
- the system 10 may include a cap 54 , which may be coupled to the proximal end 20 of the catheter adapter 12 to seal the proximal end 20 of the catheter adapter 12 to both air and fluid.
- the system 10 may include a needleless connector 40 coupled to the proximal end 20 of the catheter adapter 12 .
- an extension set 56 may be coupled to the proximal end 20 of the catheter adapter 12 .
- the proximal end 20 of the catheter adapter 12 may include a luer adapter, such as, for example, a slip or thread male or female luer adapter, or a non-luer adapter.
- the extension set 56 may include a distal connector 58 coupled to the proximal end 20 of the catheter adapter, and a proximal connector 60 .
- the extension set 56 may include tubing 62 disposed between the distal connector 58 and the proximal connector 60 .
- the tubing 62 may include a clamp 17 .
- a distal end of the tubing 62 may be secured within the distal connector 58
- a proximal end of the tubing 62 may be secured within the proximal connector 60 .
- the proximal connector 60 may include a needleless connector 40 .
- the distal connector 58 and/or the proximal connector 60 may include a luer adapter, such as, for example, such as a slip or thread male or female luer adapter, or a non-luer adapter.
- the tubing 62 may be rigid, semi-rigid, or flexible. In some embodiments, one or more of the following may form a straight or nearly straight pathway for delivery of the instrument to the PIVC 14: the PIVC 14 , the catheter adapter 12 , the distal connector 58 , the proximal connector 60 , and the tubing 62 . In some embodiments, the straight or nearly straight pathway may be smooth such that the instrument is prevented from disturbance by any catches, such as any sharp edges or snag points.
- the system 10 may include an instrument delivery device 64 , which may be removably coupled to the proximal end 20 of the catheter adapter 12 .
- the instrument delivery device 64 may be coupled to the proximal end 20 of the catheter adapter 12 directly or via the extension set 56 or via the needleless connector 40 (such as in FIG. 1 E , for example).
- the instrument delivery device 64 may be coupled directly to the proximal connector 60 of the extension set 56 or coupled directly to the needleless connector 40 .
- the instrument delivery device 64 may include the instrument 66 , which may be configured to advance distally through the blood control valve 44 and into or through the PIVC 14 .
- Non-limiting examples of instrument delivery devices are described in U.S. Pat. No. 9,750,446, filed Feb. 4, 2013, entitled “SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PHLEBOTOMY THROUGH A PERIPHERAL IV CATHETER,” and U.S. Pat. Application No. 62/534,552, filed Jul. 19, 2017, entitled “EXTENSION HOUSING A PROBE OR INTRAVENOUS CATHETER,” which are hereby incorporated by reference.
- a blood collection device may be coupled to a proximal end of the instrument 66 .
- the distal connector 58 may include a cannula 68 that penetrates the blood control valve 44 in response to the distal connector 58 being coupled to the proximal end 20 of the catheter adapter 12 .
- the cannula 68 may be blunt.
- the cannula 68 may be constructed of plastic or metal, such as, for example, steel.
- the cannula 68 may include one or more flushing windows 72 through which fluid may travel.
- the distal connector 58 may include a male luer, which may include an extension 70 or modified tip.
- the extension 70 may penetrate the blood control valve 44 in response to the distal connector 58 being coupled to the proximal end 20 of the catheter adapter 12 .
- the extension 70 may include one or more flushing windows 72 through which fluid may travel.
- the cannula 68 of FIG. 2 C and the extension 70 of FIG. 2 D may each correspond to an actuator of the blood control valve.
- the lumen 46 of the catheter adapter 12 may not include an actuator of the blood control valve other than the cannula 68 or the extension 70 .
- the lumen 46 of the catheter adapter 12 may not include an actuator of the blood control valve when the distal connector 58 is not coupled to the catheter adapter 12 . It is understood that in some embodiments, the male luer having the cannula 68 or the extension 70 may be part of a particular instrument, the distal connector 58 , or the needleless connector 40 .
- the lumen 46 of the catheter adapter 12 may include an actuator 76 , which may penetrate the blood control valve 44 in response to coupling of the distal connector 58 to the proximal end 20 of the catheter adapter 12 .
- the actuator 76 may be a separate element and/or not coupled with the distal connector 58 or the needleless connector 40 .
- the actuator 76 may be positioned within the lumen 46 and may not penetrate the blood control valve 44 when the extension set 56 is removed from the catheter adapter 12 .
- the actuator 76 may not be present when the distal connector 58 includes the male luer having the extension 70 or the cannula 68 .
- the actuator 76 may include one or more flushing windows 72 through which fluid may travel.
- the system 10 may include one or more means of returning the actuator 76 to an unactuated position, allowing the blood control valve 44 to close and seal.
- the blood control valve 44 may provide a restoring force to move the actuator 76 proximally to the unactuated position.
- the lumen 46 of the catheter adapter 12 may include a spring 74 and the actuator 76 .
- the actuator 76 may be attached to the spring 74 .
- the actuator 76 when a male luer is connected to the catheter adapter 12 , the actuator 76 may be pushed distally and may open a slit of the blood control valve 44 , allowing infusion or blood draw.
- the spring 74 may be unactuated or compressed in response to contact from the male luer.
- the spring 74 may be actuated and may push the actuator 76 back in the proximal direction, thus closing the slit of the blood control valve 44 and sealing the fluid path.
- the distal connector 58 of the extension set 56 may include the male luer.
- the needleless connector 40 may include the male luer.
- a particular instrument such as, for example, the instrument 66 , may include the male luer.
Abstract
A system for facilitating instrument delivery through a peripheral intravenous catheter may include a catheter adapter having a proximal end, a distal end, and a lumen extending there through. The catheter adapter may include a side port. The system may include an extension tube extending from the side port. The system may include a blood control valve disposed in the lumen of the catheter adapter. The system may include a peripheral intravenous catheter extending distally from the catheter adapter.
Description
- This application is a continuation of U.S. Application No. 16/511,316, filed Jul. 15, 2019, and entitled SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR FACILITATING INSTRUMENT DELIVERY THROUGH A PERIPHERAL INTRAVENOUS CATHETER, which claims the benefit of U.S. Application No. 62/699,520, filed Jul. 17, 2018, and entitled SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR FACILITATING INSTRUMENT DELIVERY THROUGH A PERIPHERAL INTRAVENOUS CATHETER BACKGROUND, which are incorporated herein in their entirety.
- Catheters are commonly used for a variety of infusion therapies. For example, catheters may be used for infusing fluids, such as normal saline solution, various medicaments, and total parenteral nutrition, into a patient. Catheters may also be used for withdrawing blood from the patient.
- A common type of catheter is an over-the-needle peripheral intravenous catheter (“PIVC”). As its name implies, the over-the-needle PIVC may be mounted over an introducer needle having a sharp distal tip. The PIVC and the introducer needle may be assembled so that the distal tip of the introducer needle extends beyond the distal tip of the PIVC with the bevel of the needle facing up away from skin of the patient. The PIVC and introducer needle are generally inserted at a shallow angle through the skin into vasculature of the patient.
- In order to verify proper placement of the introducer needle and/or the PIVC in the blood vessel, a user generally confirms that there is “flashback” of blood in a flashback chamber of a PIVC assembly. Once placement of the needle has been confirmed, the user may temporarily occlude flow in the vasculature and remove the introducer needle, leaving the PIVC in place for future blood withdrawal and/or fluid infusion.
- Currently, there may be several limitations to the use of a PIVC for fluid infusion and blood draw. The PIVC may narrow, collapse, or clog with time, leading to failure of the PIVC. Due to this, PIVCs may often be used for acquiring a blood sample at a time of PIVC placement, but they are much less frequently used for acquiring a blood sample during the PIVC dwell period. Therefore, when a blood sample is needed, an additional needle stick may be used to provide vein access for blood collection, which may be painful for the patient. In order to extend the life of the PIVC and allow for fluid infusion and/or blood withdrawal through the PIVC assembly, in some instances, an instrument delivery device may be used to deliver an additional catheter through the PIVC.
- Delivery of the additional catheter through the PIVC may be difficult in current integrated catheter systems having an integrated extension tube, such as, for example, the BD NEXIVA™ Closed IV Catheter System, the BD NEXIVA™ DIFFUSICS™ Closed IV Catheter System, the Becton Dickinson PEGASUS™ Safety Closed IV Catheter System, or other integrated catheter systems. In further detail, it may be difficult to advance the additional catheter through a length of the integrated extension tube and/or through a septum disposed in a lumen of a catheter adapter of the system in order to place the additional catheter within or beyond the PIVC.
- The subject matter claimed herein is not limited to embodiments that solve any disadvantages or that operate only in environments such as those described above. Rather, this background is only provided to illustrate one example technology area where some implementations described herein may be practiced.
- The present disclosure relates generally to devices, systems, and methods for facilitating delivery of an instrument through a PIVC. In some embodiments, the instrument may include an additional catheter for fluid infusion or blood draw, a guidewire, a probe with a sensor, or a light tube for disinfection. In some embodiments, a system for facilitating instrument delivery through the PIVC may include a catheter adapter, which may include a proximal end, a distal end, and a lumen extending there through. In some embodiments, the PIVC may extend distally from the catheter adapter. In some embodiments, the catheter adapter may include a side port. In some embodiments, an extension tube may extend from the side port. In some embodiments, a blood control valve may be disposed in the lumen of the catheter adapter.
- In some embodiments, the blood control valve may be disposed proximal to the side port. In these and other embodiments, the blood control valve may not allow air venting. In some embodiments, the blood control valve may be disposed distal to the side port. In these and other embodiments, the blood control valve may allow air venting.
- In some embodiments, the system may include a Y-adapter coupled to a proximal end of the extension tube. In some embodiments, the Y-adapter may include a first port and a second port. In some embodiments, a needleless connector may be coupled to the first port, and a needleless connector may be coupled to the second port. In these and other embodiments, the blood control valve may allow air venting, which may facilitate observation of blood flashback by the user.
- In some embodiments, the system may include a cap, which may be coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter. In some embodiments, the system may include a needleless connector coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter.
- In some embodiments, the proximal end of the catheter adapter may include a luer adapter or a non-luer adapter. In some embodiments, an extension set may be coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter. In some embodiments, the extension set may include a distal connector coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter, and a proximal connector. In some embodiments, the extension set may include tubing disposed between the distal connector and the proximal connector. In some embodiments, the proximal connector may include a needleless connector.
- In some embodiments, the distal connector may include a cannula that penetrates the blood control valve in response to the distal connector being coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter. In some embodiments, the cannula may be blunt. In some embodiments, the cannula may be constructed of plastic or metal, such as, for example, steel.
- In some embodiments, the distal connector may include a male luer, which may provide a fluid tight seal. In some embodiments, the male luer may include an extension, which may penetrate the blood control valve in response to the distal connector being coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter. In some embodiments, the extension and/or the cannula may include one or more flushing windows. In some embodiments, the cannula and the extension may each correspond to an actuator of the blood control valve. In some embodiments, the lumen of the catheter adapter may not include an actuator of the blood control valve other than the cannula or the extension.
- In some embodiments, the system may include an instrument delivery device, which may be coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter. In some embodiments, the instrument delivery device may include the instrument, which may be configured to advance distally through the blood control valve and the PIVC. In some embodiments, a distal portion of the lumen of the catheter adapter may be narrowed to provide a guide feature for the instrument as the instrument is advanced distally.
- In some embodiments, the system may include a needle assembly removably coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter. In some embodiments, an introducer needle of the needle assembly may extend through the blood control valve.
- It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed. It should be understood that the various embodiments are not limited to the arrangements and instrumentality shown in the drawings. It should also be understood that the embodiments may be combined, or that other embodiments may be utilized and that structural changes, unless so claimed, may be made without departing from the scope of the various embodiments of the present invention. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense.
- Example embodiments will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings in which:
-
FIG. 1A is an upper perspective view of an example catheter system, illustrating an example needle assembly coupled to a proximal end of an example catheter assembly, according to some embodiments; -
FIG. 1B is an exploded view of the needle assembly and the catheter assembly, according to some embodiments; -
FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view of the catheter assembly, illustrating an example blood control valve disposed proximal to an example side port, according to some embodiments; -
FIG. 1D is another cross-sectional view of the catheter assembly, illustrating the blood control valve disposed distal to the side port, according to some embodiments; -
FIG. 1E is an upper perspective view of an example needleless connector coupled to the proximal end of the catheter assembly, according to some embodiments; -
FIG. 2A is an upper perspective view of an example extension set coupled to the proximal end of the catheter assembly, according to some embodiments; -
FIG. 2B is an upper perspective view of an example instrument delivery device coupled to the extension set; -
FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional view of an example distal connector of the extension set coupled to the proximal end of the catheter assembly, according to some embodiments; -
FIG. 2D is a cross-sectional view of another example distal connector of the extension set coupled to the proximal end of the catheter assembly, according to some embodiments; -
FIG. 2E illustrates an example actuator prior to coupling of the distal connector to the proximal end of the catheter assembly, according to some embodiments; and -
FIG. 2F illustrates the actuator penetrating the blood control valve, according to some embodiments. - The present disclosure relates generally to devices, systems, and methods for facilitating delivery of an instrument through a PIVC. In some embodiments, the instrument may include an additional catheter for fluid infusion or blood draw, a guidewire, a probe with a sensor, or a light tube for disinfection.
- Referring now to
FIG. 1A , in some embodiments, asystem 10 for facilitating instrument delivery through aPIVC 14 may include acatheter adapter 12, thePIVC 14 extending distally from thecatheter adapter 12, and anextension tube 16 extending from thecatheter adapter 12. In some embodiments, thecatheter adapter 12 may include aside port 18. In some embodiments, theextension tube 16 may extend from theside port 18. In some embodiments, thecatheter adapter 12 may include aproximal end 20 and adistal end 22. - In some embodiments, the
system 10 may include a Y-adapter 24, which may include adistal end 26, afirst port 28, and a second port 30. In some embodiments, thedistal end 26 of the Y-adapter 24 may be coupled to theextension tube 16. In some embodiments, theextension tube 16 may include aclamp 17, which may selectively close off theextension tube 16 to prevent blood or another fluid from flowing through theextension tube 16. - In some embodiments, the
system 10 may be integrated, having the integratedextension tube 16. In other embodiments, thesystem 10 may be non-integrated. In some embodiments, thesystem 10 may include a needle assembly, which may include aneedle hub 34 and anintroducer needle 36. In some embodiments, in response to theintroducer needle 36 being inserted into a vein of the patient, flashback of blood may flow through a sharpdistal tip 38 of theintroducer needle 36 and out of a distal notch of theintroducer needle 36 into a portion of thesystem 10. For example, the blood flashback may flow through thedistal tip 38 and out of the distal notch into a space between an exterior surface of theintroducer needle 36 and an interior surface of the PIVC 14 (this may be referred to as “primary flashback”). In some embodiments, blood flashback may flow into the extension tube 16 (this may be referred to as “secondary flashback”). Primary and/or secondary blood flashback may confirm that theintroducer needle 36 and/or adistal tip 48 of thePIVC 14 are located within the vein of the patient. In some embodiments, the needle assembly may be removably coupled to theproximal end 20 of thecatheter adapter 12. In some embodiments, theintroducer needle 36 of the needle assembly may extend through theblood control valve 44. - In some embodiments, a first
needleless connector 40 a may be coupled to thefirst port 28, and/or a secondneedleless connector 40 b may be coupled to the second port 30. In these and other embodiments, a blood control septum or valve disposed within thelumen 46 of thecatheter adapter 12 may allow air venting. Some non-limiting examples of needleless connectors are described in U.S. Pat. No. 8,066,670, filed Nov. 5, 2007, entitled “VASCULAR ACCESS DEVICE SEPTUM VENTING,” which is hereby incorporated by reference. In some embodiments, thesystem 10 may not include a vent-plug. In some embodiments, thesystem 10 may include a vent plug. In some embodiments, the vent plug may be coupled to one of the first port 29 and the second port 30, and a particular needleless connector may be coupled to another of the first port 29 and the second port 30. In some embodiments, thesystem 10 may be preassembled as illustrated inFIG. 1A such that the user removes thesystem 10 illustrated inFIG. 10 from a package. - Referring now to
FIGS. 1A-1B , in some embodiments, the needle assembly may not include a safety mechanism. In some embodiments, the needle assembly may include a safety mechanism (not illustrated), which may shield the sharp,distal tip 38 of theintroducer needle 36 in response to the needle assembly being removed from thesystem 10. The safety mechanism may include any safety mechanism configured to shield the sharp,distal tip 38. - The safety mechanism may be coupled to the
catheter adapter 12 in any number of ways. In some embodiments, the safety mechanism may include a spring mechanism. In some embodiments, the safety mechanism may be similar to that of the BD INSYTE™ AUTOGUARD™ BC Shielded IV Catheter. In some embodiments, the safety mechanism may include an internal interlock in which the safety mechanism is coupled to an internal surface of acatheter adapter 12. Coupling may include threading, fitting, snapping, connecting, attaching, fastening, clipping, hooking, or any other suitable means of coupling. Non-limiting examples of safety mechanisms that include an internal interlock are provided in: U.S. Pat. No. 8,496,623, titled BI-DIRECTIONAL CANNULA FEATURE CAPTURE MECHANISM, filed Mar. 2, 2009; U.S. Pat. No. 9,399,120, titled BI-DIRECTIONAL CANNULA FEATURE CAPTURE MECHANISM, filed Jul. 11, 2013; U.S. Pat. Application No. 62/314,262, titled CANNULA CAPTURE MECHANISM, filed Mar. 28, 2016, each of which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. In some embodiments, the safety mechanism may include a clip disposed within thecatheter adapter 14, a non-limiting example of which is provided in U.S. Pat. No. 6,117,108, titled SPRING CLIP SAFETY IV CATHETER, filed Jun. 12, 1998, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. - In some embodiments, the safety mechanism may include an external interlock in which the safety mechanism is coupled to an external surface of the
catheter adapter 12. In some embodiments, the safety mechanism may be coupled to an external surface of the catheter adapter and an internal and/or external surface of theneedle hub 34. Coupling may include threading, fitting, snapping, connecting, attaching, fastening, clipping, hooking, or any other suitable means of coupling. Non-limiting examples of safety mechanisms that include an external interlock are provided in U.S. Pat. Application No. 14/295,953, titled PORTED IV CATHETER HAVING EXTERNAL NEEDLE SHIELD AND INTERNAL BLOOD CONTROL SEPTUM, filed Jun. 4, 2014, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. In some embodiments, the safety mechanism may include a V-clip or a similar clip. A non-limiting example of a V-clip is provided in U.S. Pat. Application No. 14/295,953, titled PORTED IV CATHETER HAVING EXTERNAL NEEDLE SHIELD AND INTERNAL BLOOD CONTROL SEPTUM, filed Jun. 4, 2014, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. The V-clip may selectively retain a portion of thecatheter adapter 12. - Referring now to
FIG. 1C , in some embodiments, a blood control septum orvalve 44 may be disposed in thelumen 46 of thecatheter adapter 12. In some embodiments, theblood control valve 44 may be single-use or multi-use. In some embodiments, theblood control valve 44 may provide a physical barrier to control the flow of blood and other fluids between adistal chamber 50 and theproximal chamber 52 of thecatheter adapter 12. For example, upon insertion of thedistal tip 38 of theintroducer needle 36 and thedistal tip 48 of thePIVC 14 into the patient’s vein and the removal of theneedle 50, blood from the patient may flow through thePIVC 14 and into thedistal chamber 50, but may be prevented from bypassing theblood control valve 44. In some embodiments, theblood control valve 44 may be secured within thelumen 46 of thecatheter adapter 12 in any number of ways, including, for example, an annular groove, adhesive, plastic weld, retainer clip, mechanical connection, etc. - In some embodiments, the
blood control valve 44 may include any structural configuration that is capable of dividing thelumen 46 into thedistal chamber 50 and theforward chamber 52. In some embodiments, theblood control valve 44 may include a membrane. In some embodiments, theblood control valve 44 may include a disc. In some embodiments, theblood control valve 44 may include one or more slits, which form a pathway through theblood control valve 44. In some embodiments, theblood control valve 44 may constructed of a material that is resilient and elastic. - In some embodiments, the
blood control valve 44 may differ from a septum of one or more of the following in one or more ways: the BD NEXIVA™ Closed IV Catheter System, the BD CATHENA™ Catheter System, and the BD INSYTE™ AUTOGUARD™ BC Shielded IV Catheter. In the BD NEXIVA™ Closed IV Catheter System, the septum may include a distal piece having a first barrier against blood flow and a proximal piece having a second barrier against blood flow. The septum of the BD NEXIVA™ Closed IV Catheter System may be disposed within a canister and/or constructed of polyisoprene. - In some embodiments, the
blood control valve 44 may be disposed proximal to theside port 18. In further detail, in some embodiments, theblood control valve 44 may be disposed proximal to an opening of theside port 18 into thelumen 46. In these and other embodiments, theblood control valve 44 may not allow air venting such that air is not permitted to pass between the distal andproximal chambers - In some embodiments, the
blood control valve 44 may allow air venting, which may facilitate observation of blood flashback by the user. In some embodiments, theblood control valve 44 may allow air venting in any number of ways. For example, an outer surface of theblood control valve 44 may include one or more grooves permeable to air but not fluid. As another example, an inner surface of thecatheter adapter 12 disposed along a length of theblood control valve 44 may include one or more grooves permeable to air but not fluid. In these embodiments, theblood control valve 44 may not be permeable to fluid when in a closed position. - In some embodiments, a distal portion of the
lumen 46 of thecatheter adapter 12 may be narrowed to provide aguide feature 51 for the instrument as the instrument is advanced distally. - Referring now to
FIG. 1D , in some embodiments, theblood control valve 44 may be disposed distal to theside port 18. In further detail, in some embodiments, theblood control valve 44 may be disposed distal to the opening of theside port 18 into thelumen 46. In these and other embodiments, theblood control valve 44 may allow air venting. - Referring now to both
FIGS. 1C-1D , in some embodiments, thesystem 10 may include acap 54, which may be coupled to theproximal end 20 of thecatheter adapter 12 to seal theproximal end 20 of thecatheter adapter 12 to both air and fluid. - Referring now to
FIG. 1E , in some embodiments, thesystem 10 may include aneedleless connector 40 coupled to theproximal end 20 of thecatheter adapter 12. - Referring now to
FIG. 2A , in some embodiments, an extension set 56 may be coupled to theproximal end 20 of thecatheter adapter 12. In some embodiments, theproximal end 20 of thecatheter adapter 12 may include a luer adapter, such as, for example, a slip or thread male or female luer adapter, or a non-luer adapter. In some embodiments, the extension set 56 may include adistal connector 58 coupled to theproximal end 20 of the catheter adapter, and aproximal connector 60. - In some embodiments, the extension set 56 may include
tubing 62 disposed between thedistal connector 58 and theproximal connector 60. In some embodiments, thetubing 62 may include aclamp 17. In some embodiments, a distal end of thetubing 62 may be secured within thedistal connector 58, and a proximal end of thetubing 62 may be secured within theproximal connector 60. In some embodiments, theproximal connector 60 may include aneedleless connector 40. In some embodiments, thedistal connector 58 and/or theproximal connector 60 may include a luer adapter, such as, for example, such as a slip or thread male or female luer adapter, or a non-luer adapter. - In some embodiments, the
tubing 62 may be rigid, semi-rigid, or flexible. In some embodiments, one or more of the following may form a straight or nearly straight pathway for delivery of the instrument to the PIVC 14: thePIVC 14, thecatheter adapter 12, thedistal connector 58, theproximal connector 60, and thetubing 62. In some embodiments, the straight or nearly straight pathway may be smooth such that the instrument is prevented from disturbance by any catches, such as any sharp edges or snag points. - Referring now to
FIG. 2B , in some embodiments, thesystem 10 may include aninstrument delivery device 64, which may be removably coupled to theproximal end 20 of thecatheter adapter 12. In some embodiments, theinstrument delivery device 64 may be coupled to theproximal end 20 of thecatheter adapter 12 directly or via the extension set 56 or via the needleless connector 40 (such as inFIG. 1E , for example). In further detail, in some embodiments, theinstrument delivery device 64 may be coupled directly to theproximal connector 60 of the extension set 56 or coupled directly to theneedleless connector 40. In some embodiments, theinstrument delivery device 64 may include theinstrument 66, which may be configured to advance distally through theblood control valve 44 and into or through thePIVC 14. Non-limiting examples of instrument delivery devices are described in U.S. Pat. No. 9,750,446, filed Feb. 4, 2013, entitled “SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PHLEBOTOMY THROUGH A PERIPHERAL IV CATHETER,” and U.S. Pat. Application No. 62/534,552, filed Jul. 19, 2017, entitled “EXTENSION HOUSING A PROBE OR INTRAVENOUS CATHETER,” which are hereby incorporated by reference. In some embodiments, a blood collection device may be coupled to a proximal end of theinstrument 66. - Referring now to
FIG. 2C , in some embodiments, thedistal connector 58 may include acannula 68 that penetrates theblood control valve 44 in response to thedistal connector 58 being coupled to theproximal end 20 of thecatheter adapter 12. In some embodiments, thecannula 68 may be blunt. In some embodiments, thecannula 68 may be constructed of plastic or metal, such as, for example, steel. In some embodiments, thecannula 68 may include one ormore flushing windows 72 through which fluid may travel. - Referring now to
FIG. 2D , in some embodiments, thedistal connector 58 may include a male luer, which may include anextension 70 or modified tip. In some embodiments, theextension 70 may penetrate theblood control valve 44 in response to thedistal connector 58 being coupled to theproximal end 20 of thecatheter adapter 12. In some embodiments, theextension 70 may include one ormore flushing windows 72 through which fluid may travel. In some embodiments, thecannula 68 ofFIG. 2C and theextension 70 ofFIG. 2D may each correspond to an actuator of the blood control valve. In some embodiments, thelumen 46 of thecatheter adapter 12 may not include an actuator of the blood control valve other than thecannula 68 or theextension 70. In further detail, in some embodiments, thelumen 46 of thecatheter adapter 12 may not include an actuator of the blood control valve when thedistal connector 58 is not coupled to thecatheter adapter 12. It is understood that in some embodiments, the male luer having thecannula 68 or theextension 70 may be part of a particular instrument, thedistal connector 58, or theneedleless connector 40. - Referring now to
FIGS. 2E-2F , in some embodiments, thelumen 46 of thecatheter adapter 12 may include anactuator 76, which may penetrate theblood control valve 44 in response to coupling of thedistal connector 58 to theproximal end 20 of thecatheter adapter 12. In some embodiments, theactuator 76 may be a separate element and/or not coupled with thedistal connector 58 or theneedleless connector 40. In some embodiments, theactuator 76 may be positioned within thelumen 46 and may not penetrate theblood control valve 44 when the extension set 56 is removed from thecatheter adapter 12. In some embodiments, theactuator 76 may not be present when thedistal connector 58 includes the male luer having theextension 70 or thecannula 68. In some embodiments, theactuator 76 may include one ormore flushing windows 72 through which fluid may travel. - In some embodiments, the
system 10 may include one or more means of returning theactuator 76 to an unactuated position, allowing theblood control valve 44 to close and seal. For example, theblood control valve 44 may provide a restoring force to move theactuator 76 proximally to the unactuated position. - As another example, the
lumen 46 of thecatheter adapter 12 may include aspring 74 and theactuator 76. In some embodiments, theactuator 76 may be attached to thespring 74. In some embodiments, when a male luer is connected to thecatheter adapter 12, theactuator 76 may be pushed distally and may open a slit of theblood control valve 44, allowing infusion or blood draw. In some embodiments, thespring 74 may be unactuated or compressed in response to contact from the male luer. In some embodiments, when the male luer is disconnected from thecatheter adapter 12, thespring 74 may be actuated and may push theactuator 76 back in the proximal direction, thus closing the slit of theblood control valve 44 and sealing the fluid path. In some embodiments, thedistal connector 58 of the extension set 56 may include the male luer. In some embodiments, theneedleless connector 40 may include the male luer. In some embodiments, a particular instrument, such as, for example, theinstrument 66, may include the male luer. - All examples and conditional language recited herein are intended for pedagogical objects to aid the reader in understanding the invention and the concepts contributed by the inventor to furthering the art, and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited examples and conditions. Although embodiments of the present inventions have been described in detail, it should be understood that the various changes, substitutions, and alterations could be made hereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (20)
1. A system for facilitating instrument delivery through a peripheral intravenous catheter, comprising:
a catheter adapter having a proximal end, a distal end, and a lumen extending there through, the catheter adapter having a side port;
an extension tube extending from the side port;
a blood control valve disposed in the lumen of the catheter adapter; and
a peripheral intravenous catheter extending distally from the catheter adapter.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the blood control valve is disposed proximal to the side port, wherein the blood control valve does not allow air venting.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the blood control valve is disposed distal to the side port, wherein the blood control valve allows air venting.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the blood control valve allows air venting.
5. The system of claim 4 , further comprising:
a Y-adapter coupled to a proximal end of the extension tube, the Y-adapter having a first port and a second port;
a needleless connector coupled to the first port; and
a needleless connector coupled to the second port.
6. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a cap coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter.
7. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a needleless connector coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter.
8. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an extension set, the extension set comprising:
a distal connector coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter, wherein the distal connector comprises a cannula that penetrates the blood control valve in response to the distal connector being coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter;
a proximal connector; and
tubing disposed between the distal connector and the proximal connector.
9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the proximal connector comprises a needleless connector.
10. The system of claim 8 , wherein the cannula is blunt and constructed of plastic or steel.
11. The system of claim 8 , wherein the cannula comprises a plurality of flushing windows.
12. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an extension set coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter, the extension set comprising:
a distal connector coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter, wherein the distal connector comprises a male luer;
a proximal connector; and
tubing disposed between the distal connector and the proximal connector.
13. The system of claim 12 , wherein the proximal connector comprises a needleless connector.
14. The system of claim 12 , wherein the lumen of the catheter adapter includes an actuator configured to penetrate the blood control valve in response to the distal connector being coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter.
15. The system of claim 12 , wherein the actuator comprises an extension of the male luer.
16. The system of claim 12 , further comprising an instrument delivery device coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter, wherein the instrument delivery device comprises an instrument configured to advance distally through the blood control valve and the peripheral intravenous catheter, wherein the instrument comprises a guidewire, a probe with a sensor, tubing for fluid infusion or blood draw or a light tube for disinfection.
17. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a needle assembly removably coupled to the proximal end of the catheter adapter, an introducer needle of the needle assembly extending through the blood control valve.
18. The system of claim 1 , wherein the proximal end of the catheter adapter comprises a luer adapter.
19. The system of claim 1 , wherein the proximal end of the catheter adapter comprises a non -luer adapter.
20. The system of claim 1 , wherein a distal portion of the lumen is narrowed to provide a guide feature.
Priority Applications (1)
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US18/072,212 US20230099120A1 (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2022-11-30 | Systems and methods for facilitating instrument delivery through a peripheral intravenous catheter |
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US201862699520P | 2018-07-17 | 2018-07-17 | |
US16/511,316 US11534591B2 (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2019-07-15 | Systems and methods for facilitating instrument delivery through a peripheral intravenous catheter |
US18/072,212 US20230099120A1 (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2022-11-30 | Systems and methods for facilitating instrument delivery through a peripheral intravenous catheter |
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US16/511,316 Continuation US11534591B2 (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2019-07-15 | Systems and methods for facilitating instrument delivery through a peripheral intravenous catheter |
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US18/072,212 Pending US20230099120A1 (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2022-11-30 | Systems and methods for facilitating instrument delivery through a peripheral intravenous catheter |
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2019
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JP7449918B2 (en) | 2024-03-14 |
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