US2022590A

US2022590A - Building block

Info

Publication number: US2022590A
Application number: US15491A
Authority: US
Inventors: Dziarski Bronislaw
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1935-04-09
Filing date: 1935-04-09
Publication date: 1935-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 1952-11-26

Description

259 1935 B. DZIARSKI 2,022,590

BUILDING BLOCK Filed April 9, 1955 gmc/YM I 'Patented Nov. 26, 1935 UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE 3 Claims.

This invention relates to a building block and to the method of laying the same.

It is particularly aimed to provide a building block of moisture-proof construction, which is ornamental and of any desired color, capable of being expeditiously laid without the necessity of employing skilled mechanics, and to this end especially being adapted for use by a number of persons who live together, such as a family for instance, to erect their own home from building blocks. l

A particular object is to provide such a block which may also be used as a veneer for Wooden buildings, having its face finished harder and more ornamentally than the remainder thereof.

Still another Object is to provide a construction wherein the blocks have asphalt boards or stiif sheets at the inner face thereof oiset or projecting beyond one end and side, in combination with pasteboard or fibrous sheets or boards in parallelism therewith on the opposite side of the block adapted to become disengaged when moistened, the asphalt board and the pasteboard coacting to form grooves and guides for the disposition of the mortar or cementitious mattter which bonds the blocks together, and also guides for the accurate laying or assembly of the blocks in wall or other form.

The more specific objects and advantages will in part be pointed out hereinafter and otherwise become apparent from a consideration of the description following taken in connection with accompanying drawing illustrating an operative embodiment.

In said drawing:-

Figure 1 is a view in side elevation, fragmentarily showing the use of the improved block in constructing a Wall;

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional View taken on the line 2 2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the plane of line 3-3 of Figure 2; and

Figure 4 is a detail perspective view of one of the blocks.

Referring specifically to the drawing, a wall constructed in accordance with the invention preferably comprises inner and outer rows or courses of blocks A and B, preferably spaced apart as at C, to provide a dead air space in order to be cooler in summer and warmer in winter.

The blocks A are arranged outermost and when a wooden or other building is to be faced, said blocks A are preferably used. Such blocks A for the most part, are cast from a cementitious mixture of cinders, or crushed stone, or shale, or slag, Portland cement and sand, and simultaneously cast therewith is a facing I0 preferably composed of a composition of clay, sand, white cement and any suitable coloring matter. Said blocks B are 5 preferably cast from a mixture of cinders, or crushed stone, or shale, or slag, and Portland cement or cinders, or crushed stone, or shale, or slag, Portland cement and sand. Obviously the blocks A and B may be of any desired size and 10 shape.

In order to render the wall or section thereof consisting of the blocks A water or moistureproof, the blocks preferably have asphalt boards or sheets II permanently bonded to the blocks 15 at the rear or inner surfaces thereof. It will be particularly noted that such boards II are of substantially the same area as one side of the block and that they are offset with respect thereto so that one edge and one end as at I2 and I3, 2O respectively, will project beyond the block while the remaining end and edge of the sheet II will be spaced from the adjacent longitudinal and end edges of the block. By asphalt boards is meant, a heavy paper, pasteboard or vegetable 25 fibre sheets suitably impregnated with asphalt, asphaltum, or the equivalent to render the same `water and moisture-proof.

At the sides of the blocks A opposite to the sheets or asphalt boards II, are stiff pasteboard 30 or fibrous sheets I4. These sheets are united to the blocks by a suitable Water soluble cement or adhesive as at I5, for instance, such a cement being composed of any suitable adhesive material 3 that is pervious to moisture such for instance as paperhangers paste or the like.

The sheets I4 are of the same size as the sheets I I and are in parallelism thereto so that one side edge portion and one end edge portion will project beyond the block While the other side edge portion and end edge portion will terminate short of the corresponding edges of the block.

In the laying of the blocks A, a suitable foundation as at D is provided which may be concrete and while the same is moist or has an application of mortar E thereon, a series of the blocks, that is, the lower row is positioned thereon with the projecting end portions of the sheets II and I 4 engaging the inset end portions of the corresponding sheets of the next adjacent block, it being noted that the projecting end portions I3 or the equivalent of the sheets II and I4 are slightly longer than the distance from their other ends to the other end of the block, to the end that when the rst course or row is laid, the ends of the blocks proper will be spaced apart, as particularly shown in Figure 3, so as to provide a space to receive mortar as at I5. When the first course of Vthe blocks is laid, mortar is applied in the spaces as at I6 and on top of the blocks between the ilanges or projecting portions of the sheets II and I4, after which, a subsequent row or course of the blocks is laid, the Vlower portions thereof being disposed between the projecting portions of the sheets II-and I4 as best shown in Figure 2, with the sheets of the two courses contacting their adjacent longitudinal edges. 'Ihere-Y after the spaces I6 between the ends of the blocks are lled with mortar and mortar is applied to the tops of the blocks to receive the succeeding course of blocks as suggested by the uppermost course in Figure 2.

In laying the blocks B, they preferably have sheets or boards I'I, of the identical material as those at I4,'and secured in place in the same manner as those at I4, namely, by'adhesive, and being offset in the same manner as the sheets I I and I4, coacting in the same way to provide the spaces for receiving the mortar between the ends of the blocks B as at I8, and between the horizontal surfaces of the blocks B as at I9.

In the building of. the wall, preferably a layer or course of the blocks A is laid and a course of the blocks B is laid, after which corrugated metallicV tie members or the equivalent as at' 2li) .are

since the sheetsv III are of pasteboard or the like, Y they will absorb moisture from the mortar which they engage, suflicient to dissolve the adhesive I5 to release the sheets I4, or if desired, such moisture may be supplemented by water sprayed on the sheets Iii or otherwise applied thereto. The'sheets I4 thus serve as protecting means for the faces of the blocks while being erected as well as coacting Y with the sheets I I to form the mortar grooves and aline and accurately space and position the blocks,

enabling an unskilled workman to erect a symmetrical and mechanically precise wall speedily.

It is immaterial whether or not the sheets I1 remain on the blocks B. However, the sheets I1 on the outside of the wall are preferably removed.

Various changes may be resorted to provided they fall within the spirit and Scope of the invention.

I claim as my invention:-

1. A block of the class described having a body, 10 sheets on opposite sides of the block, said sheets having corresponding end portions and longitudinalV edge portions projecting beyond the block with their remaining end portions and edge portions spaced from the adjacent edges of the block Y tions spaced from the adjacent edges of theblock for the purpose specified, the projecting portions of said sheets providing channels forrthe reception of mortar and portions of the adjacent blocks, said channels being of greater depth than the portionsl of the blocks disposable therein and water soluble adhesive securing said sheets to `said block. 35

with their remaining end portions and edge poro tions spaced fromthe adjacent edges ofthe block for the purpose specied, the projecting portions of. said sheets providing channels for the reception of mortar and portions of the adjacent blocks,

said channels being of greater depth than the portions of the blocks disposable therein and a water soluble adhesive securing one of said sheets to the block, the other sheet being of water-proofing material.

BRONISLAWY DZIARSKI.