US2022436A - Convertible upright drill - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 26, 1935. L. L. SCHAUER ET AL 2,022,436

CONVERTIBLE UPRIGHT DRILL Filgad Jan. 8, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 J QJ MM Nov. 26, 1935. 1.. L. SCHAUER ET AL CONVERTIBLE UPRIGHT DRILL Filed Jan. 8, 1952 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 W 55 ffiz 2 w 9 7 0 1 Maw? W a 6 2 05 a 2 w m w 42% 4 7 CONVERTIBLE UPRIGHT DRILL Filed Jan. 8, 1952 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 4 M9 M27 Z0 Z7 25 //6 7/6 Z73 I o wma- QMM AW L Patented Nov. t

PATENT OFFICE 2,022,436 CONVERTIBLE UPRIGHT DRILL Lawrence L. Schauer and Augustus M. Sosa, Cincinnati, Ohio, assignors to The Cincinnati Bickford Tool Company, Cincinnati, Ohio, a

corporation of Ohio Application January 8, 1932, Serial No. 585,478

6 Claims.

This invention relates to machine tools and is more particularly concerned with reversers and change speed driving mechanisms for the spindle or spindles of drilling machines.

Modern manufacturing methods have tended to standardize production and, in the interests of economy, ,high production plants demand single purpose machines devoid of complicated adjustments. However, efiiciency likewise re- 10 quires manufacturers to use multiple purpose machines capable of desired adaptations to suit various manufacturing operations.

This invention has for its primary object to provide a drilling machine adaptable to be alternatively fitted with separate and interchangeable power transmission mechanisms, each designed to impart different combinations of. rates of rotary and axial movements to the tool spindle connected therewith, whereby the one machine may be initially assembled or subsequently easily and readily converted from a single purpose machine to a. multi-purpose machine, or

conversely.

Another object of'this invention is to provide a standard head-bracket or gear-box adapted to receive one of a plurality of interchangeable power transmission mechanisms, in such a manner that one or more shafts, gears, etc., may be easily removed or replaced without dismantling the entire machine in order that the user may have available a total of four, eight or twelve selective speed and feed combinations for effecting given tooling operations on a particular class or character of work pieces.

Still a further object of this invention is to provide a reversing mechanism insertable in the head-bracket as a complete, self-contained removable unit, adapted to transmit motion to the tool spindle in either forward or reverse directions and irrespective of the direction of movement of the prime mover. And as a further refinement to arrange the reversing mechanism in such a position with respect to the remainder of the transmission mechanisms that the reverser will be driven at a'constantspeed, under all conditions, thereby to insure maximum efficiency and power at all spindle speeds.

Another object of this invention is to provide means whereby a single head-bracket may be adaptable for either a belt driveor a plurality of motor mountings, each of which has its own characteristic advantages, under various conditions of operation.

To attain the objects of this invention it is proposed to constructthe frame or column of a drilling machine with a readily removable headbracket adapted to be fitted with one of a plurality of power transmission gear trains, each train being adapted to be installed or substituted in .place of some other train for driving the 5 spindle at a selected number of rates.

Aself-contained reversing mechanism providing means for instantly reversing the direction of rotation of the spindle without undue jarring or stressing of the shafts and gearing is provided 10 and housed within a drum or housing likewise removably mounted as a unit in the standard head-bracket. A hand control member 10- cated within convenient reach of the operator is adapted to eiiect the reversing operation, and 15 also to position the parts in an intermediate or neutral position whereby the tool spindle and gear trains may remain stationary although the power shaft or prime mover may be in motion.

The housing is also designed as to permit the 20 use of individual electric motors, in place of a belt and pulley drive. For example, the head bracket isconstructed to enable any one of three conventional types of motors to be used, namely, the can or shell-type, adapted to conserve 25 space by having it partly insertable within the machine and fitted to the drive shaft by a close coupling designed to insure rigidity; or a standard foot-type motor may be used, adapted to be mounted entirely exteriorly of the housing upon a bracket or support, and designed to be easily accessible; or a flange-type motor that may be bolted directly to the machine adjacent the head gearing.

The moving parts of any one of the power 35 transmissions are adequately lubricated at all times by means of a cascade lubricating system incorporated within the head-bracket and arranged to force a generous supply of lubricating material to the uppermost portions of the 40 head-bracket where it cascades downwardly over the transmission mechanisms. Due to the particular arrangement and operation of a vanetype pump located in a well formed at the base 45 of the head-bracket and driven at a constant speed, the head gearing receives an ample supply of lubricant whenever the spindle is in motion, irrespective of its direction of rotation.

A particularly advantageous feature of this in- 50 vention, especially in view of the constant speed powerful and quick acting reversing mechanism, is that the drilling machine constructed in the manner hereinafter set forth in detail is adaptable not only for drilling, tapping and facing 55 ing a preferred typical construction have been;

annexed as a part of this disclosure and, in such drawings, like characters of reference denote corresponding parts throughout all the; views, of

Figure 1 is a side elevation of an upright drilling machine embodying the present invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of; the headbracket the gearing for a multiple purpose machine journaled therein. Fig. 3 shows a similar view of the head-bracket but illustrating the head fitted with a gear transmission. assembly for a single purpose machine and illustrating also; the can-type motor mounting. Fig. 4 is a View similar to Figs. 2 and 3, except that a third and more simpler form of gear train has been illustrated in conjunction with the flange type of motor mounting. Fig. 5 is a sectional plan view substantially along the line 55, Fig. 2rillustra ting the hand lever control for the clutch reversing mechanism. Fig. 6 is a sectional view of one of the clutches in the reversingv mechanism. Fig. '1 is a detail view of a belt drive arrangement that may be resorted to in place-of individual motors. Fig. 8 is a detail view of aportion of the head-bracket illustrating the unitary reversing mechanism removedfrom the casing.

Referring to the drawings, Fig'.,1 represents one form of a machine tool to which thisinvention is particularly adaptable, namely, an up,- right drilling machine which. is provided' with a base a frame or column 2" that supports a vertically adjustable work-table 3. An off-set,

raising block 4 is mounted upon the column 2 and is provided with guideways upon which is translatably mounted" the drill head 9 that journals the drill spindle 8; The upper portion of the spindle is journaled in a head-bracket 6, also supported by the block 4, and maintains the spindle shaft 1 in vertical alignment. Power for effecting movements of the spindle maybe provided by a motor l2 which in this instance is mounted on. a suitable bracket I3 supported by the column 4, or, if desired, may bederived from a line shaft and brought into the machine by way of the pulley and belt drive, arrangement illustrated in Fig. '7.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 2, a multi--.

ple purpose machine is provided by incorporate.

ing in the standard headbracket 6 the power. transmission assembly shown inthis figure. With this arrangement the power fromthe; motor I2 is transmitted to the spindle shaft 1 thr u h the unitary reversing mechanism l4, or aone way driving connection such as illustrated in Fig. 3, and thence through transmission gear and clutch units located upon shafts I6 and H, to

the sleeve member l8 splined to the spindle;

shaft 1.

The power connection with the reversing mech anism i4 is effected through a suitable coupling l9 keyed to the motor shaft 20 and also to the power shaft 2|. Secured to the inner end of the shaft 2| is a bevel gear 22 that meshes with.

two bevel gears 23 and 24 journaled in bearings provided by a drum or housing 26. The housing 26 is removably mounted as a unit within the head-bracket 6 and suitable screws 2'| are provided to maintain the cup member 21 and casing 26 securely in place within the housing.

The gears 23 and 24 are driven in opposite directions, and either maybe clutched to the shaft l6 to oause the latter to rotate in a given direction. To effect engagement of one of the clutches a direction control lever 28 is provided which is secured to one end of a clutch spool shifting shaft 29. The inner end of the shaft 29 has a rib and groove connection 29 -49 witha short shaft 29 upon which is splined or keyeda shiftingv fork 32 for controlling the position of a clutch spool 33. The spool 33 has secured. thereto a cam bar 31 which is provided at its ends with an inclined face 38 adapted to engage the free ends of clutch levers 4| and 4| 4 selectively to rock same about their fulcrums 41 (Fig. 6) thereby to render one of theclutches effective.

In order that the reversing mechanism. be removable it is essential that there be but a few parts designed and arranged as compactly) as possible. To accomplish this end without sacrificing strength or rigidity of the mechanism, it is proposed to mount the oppositely running gears 23 and 24 in relatively large anti-friction bearings and proportion the parts so that the resultant line of force of the driving gear falls within to a circle not larger than the pitch. circle or the circle formed by the path of the running balls in the anti-friction bearings, and to arrange the clutches later tobe described in. detail, substantially in the same plane as the bearings. In this, way a strong durable. easily removable reversing unit is constructedand' one in which only two bearings, need be employed, one for each gear, and the customary sleeve on which the gears of reversing mechanisms heretofore.

designed; are mounted, may be eliminated.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 2; itwill be noted, that each ofthe bevel gears 23 and 24 are provided with extended hub portions and are journaled in the large anti-frictionbearings mounted in the drum 26'. The inner surface of the hubs are mounted upon sleeve members 34 that are rotatable with but have a splined connection with the removable shaft I6. So that either of the gears 23 or 24 may transmitv motion to the shaft I6, each is provided with a relatively wide inner surface adapted to be engaged by wide expanding rings 42 carried by the sleeve members 34 and located substantially in the same plane as the anti-friction bearings above mentioned.

Referring to Fig. 6, it will be noted, that one end of the expansible ring 42 abuts against a stop pin 44 carried by the sleeve member 34, and

screws 39 and 39 are provided for taking upwear, and for varying the degreeof frictional engagement between the members.

Loosely mounted uponthe shaft I B is a gear element 50, one portion of which is provided with gear teeth 5| and another portion thereof provided with internal clutch teeth 52. Also carried by the shaft l6 but splined thereto is a three part unit 54 providing gears 55 and a 56 and clutch teeth 53." The teeth 53 are adapted to be engaged with the clutch teeth 52 of theunit 50 and when thus engaged, rotary motion of, the

I shaft I6 is transmitted to the gear 5| and thence to the shaft 11 through the gear 59. When the clutch gear unit 54 is moved upwardly one position the clutch teeth 52-53 are disengaged and gear 53 meshes with the gear 6|. whereby shaft I1 is driven at an increased rate of speed.

Further movement of the unit 54 upwardly, engages gears 55 and 51, and shaft I1 is driven at a still faster rate of speed. A further increase may be obtained by shifting the unit 54, still further and thus bring the gear 56 in: mesh with the gear 58. The four speeds of the shaft I! are again multiplied by three, in a manner shortly to be explained, making a total of twelve speeds tothe spindle.

The upper spindle shaft is incased in and splined to a non-translatable but rotatable sleeve 18 journaled in bearings provided by the housing 6, so as to be translatable therein toward or away from the work-piece. The outer surface of the sleeve is also provided with splines and has mounted thereon a sliding gear unit 65, a loose gear unit 61 and a fixed gear unit, H. The

latter gear unit is the point of power take-off for the feed gear as will hereinafter appear. 7

Thegear element 68, it will be noted, is constantly in mesh with gear 69 on shaft I! and when the clutch gear element 65 is lowered its full distance clutch teeth 66 and 66 are brought into engagement and power received from the shaft I1 is thus transmitted to the spindle.- At the extreme upward position of the unit 65, gears 62 and 63 transmit rotary movements to the spindle at a faster rate, and if the unit is in its intermediate position, gears 58 and 54 transmit motion at an intermediate rate. The three additional speed changes just mentioned are. lo- 'cated, it will be observed, adjacent the spindle and provide the course changes in spindle speeds,

the finer speed changes being effected closer to the source of power so as to relieve the larger portion of the mechanism from the shocks occasioned when effecting major changes in the rate of speed. Suitable shifting .forks (not shown) are provided which engage the units 54, and 65 in the usual way and which are operated by a single hand control lever 14. This one hand lever, by means of suitable connections with the shifting forks may be placed in any one of four angular positions in each of three different planes transversely arranged and thus effects the desired shifting of the gear and clutch members .to provide twelve different speeds to the spindle shaft 1. However, in the interests H of clarity the connections between lever 14. and the gear units have been omitted.

A change speed power feeding means is provided by a series of gear trains, indicated gen-- erally at P, which are assembled within a bracket 16 removably secured to the head-bracket 6, and

which transmit power from the spindle sleeve l8 to the. feedshaft f and thence to the drill head 6 and spindle 8 in the usual way. A control lever 'I'LFig. 1, operable in a manner similar to the lever 14, is conveniently arranged and enthereof.

. the housing 26.

ables the operator to effect a selected feed rate within the range of the machine.

The foregoing description taken in connection with the drawings illustrate one arrangement of the gears and shafts for effecting a great many speeds and feeds should the user desire such a wide range. However, numerous occasions arise wherein a user will require a fewer number of speeds or feeds and with that end in view this invention proposes.- a construction whereby a standard form of tool head 6 may be easily and screws 21, is free to be removed from the head casting 6 in its assembled form. Fig. 8 illustrates in a general way the removable-as-a-unit feature just explained. A different unit such as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 may then be inserted and the gear 22 replaced and connected with the driving motor in the same manner as heretofore described. 7

So likewise may other shafts and gear combinations be inserted in the head in place of the more complex arrangement above explained. Fig.

3 illustrates a simplified construction in which the standard head-bracket 6, the motor I 2, the power or driving shaft 2|, and the bevel gear 22 are identical with the construction above described with reference to Fig. 2. However in thesimplified transmission shafts 83 and 84 are journaled in bearings in the housing, and transmit rotary movements to the spindle drive sleeve l8 and the spindle shaft 1 at various other rates, as will later be apparent. The motion of gear 22 is transmitted to a bevel. gear 88, splined to the shaft 83, thence to shaft 84 through reversible and transposable pick-off gears mounted at the top thereof and finally to the spindle sleeve through gears 89 and 9|.

The pick-off gear units comprise gears 92 and 93 and gears 94 and 96, the two units being de signed so'as to be interchangeably and invertably mounted upon the shafts83 and 84, thereby to transmit one of four speeds selectively to the spindle shaft 1. Thus in the position shown a slow speed of the spindle is effected but if the both units are inverted a slightly increased speed results; if the gears are transposed a still faster speed is effected; and if the gears are again inverted while transposed a fourth spindle speed may be had.

To exclude dirt or other foreign material and to prevent the splashing of lubricant, a removable cap or cover member 91 is bolted to the headbracket and is preferably made of aluminum or other light weight metal to facilitate easy removal. It will be seen that this simplified power transmission necessitates but three actual tooth contacts to produce any one of four speeds. A

gear H is also fixed to the sleeve l8 to provide I adriving connection to the spindle feed gears as heretofore explained.

A third form of power transmission assembly is shown in Fig. 4 and provides means for selectively effecting any one of eight individual speeds to the tool spindle with but the. addition of two,

gears and one clutch.. This alternative con.--. struction, although it admits of eight diiferent speeds, isarranged so that;two.of them maybe quickly changed by meansv of. a. hand. control. This. secondarychange speed set comprisesv gears. Ill]; and I08; which are fixed. upon the shaft lflliandadapted lever similar. to the lever 14".

respectively to engage gears I109 and. III the latter being integral with a clutch element H6 and splined to the spindle sleeve. I8. A. gear, I!

is loosely mounted on the sleeveandisalso provided with clutch elements H41 adapted to engage the complemental clutch member lIfiiof the,

unit H2. Thus. it will be seen that sliding of the gear unit I I2. downwardly engages the clutch teeth II4-I I6 and a relatively slow movement.

is imparted. to the spindle, while a movement of" the unit I I2 upwardly. engages gearsIIlBand: I I Iv and relatively rapid. movements may. beimparted to the spindle depending upon thepositioning of the pick-off gears 92, 93, 94and 9Bi All of the moving parts in the headebracket, whether the bracket is initially fitted: with gearing designed to effect 4; 8-, or I2 selective spindle speeds with or without the unitary reversing mechanism are maintained adequately lubricated by means of a cascade lubricating system. carried wholly. within the head-bracket.

To this end, a pump H8 carried preferably in the removable unit and driven at a constant speed irrespective of the spindle speed; is maintained submerged in the lubricant reservoir located in the base of the head-bracket, and comprises a rotor II8 adapted to be driven by either of'the shafts IE or 83. The rotor is mounted within a casing I I8 which provides intake and discharge ports for the fluid. The discharge port a passes through members 26 and 21 and communicates with a port I) provided by the head-6 (see'Fig. 4) and. thence with a vertically arranged pipe conduit c. Lubricating fluid discharged by the' pump forced upwardly through pipe line 0 to aper-- forated pipe (1 which extends horizontally beneath the cap member 9'! where it is discharged over the uppermost moving parts. The lubricant then cascades downwardly over the entire trans mission and finally returns to thereservoir for recirculation. Suitable passageways are providedat the various bearings to permit the lubricating fluid to reach all of'the moving parts. To assist the operator, in determining whether the oilingsystem is properly functioning, a telltale drip indicator H9 is provided at the front of the-matics of either the generic or specific aspectsvof this invention and, therefore, such adaptations should be, and are intended to be, comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalency of the following claims:-

Having thus revealed, this invention, we claim.

as new and desire to secure the followingcombnnations and elements, or equivalents,thereof by,

Letters Patent of the United States;-

1. A convertible upright drilling machine combining a housing member; a spindle rotatably mounted therein; a multi-speed spindle driving transmission for imparting one of? a predeterminedrange-ofi speeds to said spindle and arrangedi as :to beremovable-fromsaid housing and replaced by. another: transmission adapted to effect arange of? spindle speeds different from the speeds of said first mentioned transmission; said housing member. also being provided with a well portion; a sleeve member insertable as a unit in said well portion and adapted to be fitted with meanszfor reversing the direction of movement 10 of said? spindle orwith means for effecting unidirectional; movements to said spindle; and a power input shaft detachably connected with said insertable unit.

2'; A machine-tool combining a housing meml5 ber;'a spindle rotatably mounted therein; a multispeed driving transmission for effecting one of a predetermined range of speeds: of rotation to said spindle and arrangedas to be removable from said housing and-replaced byanother transmission adapted to effect a range of spindle speeds different from the range of speeds of said first mentioned transmission; said housing member also being provided with a well portion; a sleeve member insertable as a unit insaid-well portion; means carried by said insertable member for reversing the direction of rotary movement of said spindle; and a power input shaft detachably connected with said reversing means.

3; A transmission mechanism for a drilling machine combining a housing element; a plurality of shafts removably journaled in said housing;

a plurality of sets-of gear trains for transmitting rotary-motion from one of said shafts to another at any one of a plurality of selectively available speeds; a unitarily constructed reversing means removably mounted in said housing and associated with said transmission mechanism forchanging the direction of operation thereof; and

a prime mover removably fitted to said housing40 element and having'a separable driving connection with said reversing means to permit the removal of said reversing means as a unitary assembly. V

4. An upright drilling machine combining a housing member; a, spindle rotatably mounted therein; amulti-speed driving-transmission for effecting a. predetermined range of electively available speeds to said spindle journaled in said housing; said housing member also being provided with a well portion; spindle reversing means insertable as a unit in said well portion; and a power input shaft; removably connected with said insertable unit and capable of being detached and withdrawn from the well portion and from the reversing unitto permit the removal of'said insertable unit.

5'. A drilling machine combining a gear housing; a tool spindle; driving means for said spindle including change speed transmission meohanisms removably mounted in said housing, said driving means also including a drive shaft and a reversing: mechanism for changing thezdirection of movement. of said spindle, said reversing mechanism beingjjournaled in a separate casing. and removable from said housing as a unit; anda lubricatingsystem for said transmission comprising a pump mechanism carried by said casing and a, series of intercommunicating alignedsets offiuid channels between said pump, casing and housing,.said pumpmechanism having a, detachable, connection with said driving means soasto be. removable from said housing unitarily with said removable, reversing unit or from said casing separately.

6. A convertible upright drilling machine combining a housing member; a spindle rotatably mounted therein; a variable speed driving transmission for imparting various rates of movement to said spindle selectively and arranged as to be removable from said housing and replaced by another transmission having a range of elective spindle speeds different from said first mentioned variable speed spindle driving transmission; said housing member also being provided with a well portion; a sleeve member insertable as a unit in said well portion and adapted to be fitted electively with means for reversing the direction of movement'oi'said spindle or with means for effecting uni-directional movements to said spindle; a power input shaft insertable in said well and detachably connected with said insertable unit said shaft being removable from the well to permit the removal of said sleeve member and parts carried thereby; and means removable with said insertable unit and common to all of said driving transmissions for supplying lubricating material to the mechanisms in said housing.

LAWRENCE L. SCHAUER. AUGUSTUS M. SOSA.

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