US20220403613A1 - Experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state and the test operation method thereof - Google Patents
Experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state and the test operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- US20220403613A1 US20220403613A1 US17/348,787 US202117348787A US2022403613A1 US 20220403613 A1 US20220403613 A1 US 20220403613A1 US 202117348787 A US202117348787 A US 202117348787A US 2022403613 A1 US2022403613 A1 US 2022403613A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
- E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
- E02D1/027—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work by investigating properties relating to fluids in the soil, e.g. pore-water pressure, permeability
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- the present invention relates generally to an experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state, and more particularly to the research on the attenuation in vacuum consolidated state, so as to provide scientific and effective information. Additionally, it relates to the test operation method of the experimental setup.
- the vacuum preloading is a high vacuum densification method of drainage consolidation method, it is a new technology of rapidly reinforcing foundations, it is used for treating the foundations in soft soil regions in recent years.
- the vacuum preloading method is applicable to reinforcing ultra-soft foundations of construction works, especially to the earth filling of bad foundation construction, as well as to saturated homogeneous cohesive clay and cohesive clay with lice interlayer, its operating principle is to let the pore water in soil mass flow into the sand drain and drain out to implement consolidation.
- the vacuum degree and pore water pressure of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state shall be measured.
- the measuring instruments include vacuum gauge and pore water pressure gauge, but in the vacuumized state, the vacuum gauge is inserted into the silt, partial conduit is blocked, and it is not hollow state, the vacuum gauge fails to accurately measure the vacuum degree at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state.
- the silt may not be in saturated state in actual construction, the accuracy of the data measured by pore pressure gauge cannot be guaranteed, and in the state of negative pressure, the contrast between the parameters of pore pressure gauge and the data of vacuum degree is poor, the mode of attenuation and the decrement are unknown.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state and the test operation method thereof, the experimental device can measure the vacuum degree and pore pressure data of a certain point of the underground soil more conveniently, quickly and accurately.
- An experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state including a connecting tube, the connecting tube including an upper water storage tube, a middle tube, an intermediate inner chamber and a lower tube abutting each other, wherein the middle tube is loaded with an upper experimental soil mass, the lower tube is loaded with a lower experimental soil mass, a filter membrane is arranged at the upper and lower ends of the soil masses in the middle tube and lower tube respectively, the filter membrane is pervious, the upper water storage tube stores distilled water, the lower tube is connected to a water storage chamber through an inlet conduit, the water storage chamber is connected to a pumping mechanism through an outlet conduit, the parts other than inlet conduit and outlet conduit of water storage chamber are sealed, the intermediate inner chamber is connected to a negative pressure vacuum gauge, the inlet conduit is connected to a negative pressure vacuum gauge.
- the middle tube and lower tube are connected and driven in the soil mass to take the subsurface soil mass.
- the intermediate inner chamber is arranged in the intermediate tube
- the upper end of intermediate tube is connected to the middle tube
- the lower end is connected to the lower tube
- the connecting tube is provided with a mounting base
- the mounting base is provided with a negative pressure vacuum gauge, a water storage chamber and a pumping mechanism
- the negative pressure vacuum gauge includes an upper negative pressure vacuum gauge and a lower negative pressure vacuum gauge
- the mounting base includes a base, a spindle and a mounting rack, the sleeving hole of mounting rack is fitted over the spindle, moving up and down along the spindle, an unlockable lock bar is arranged at the sleeve joint of mounting rack and spindle, the lock bar is provided with a handwheel, the lock bar is rotationally connected to a locking tile in the sleeving hole through the mounting rack, the intermediate tube is fixed to the mounting rack, the upper negative pressure vacuum gauge is fixed to the mounting rack, the intermediate tube communicates with the upper negative pressure vacuum gauge through the upper channel on the mounting rack;
- the base is provided with an abutting port for abutting the lower tube, the abutting port is connected to the lower channel on the base, the water storage chamber,
- an electronic readout system is arranged outside the negative pressure vacuum gauge
- the electronic readout system is connected to the computer, the computer records the data of negative pressure vacuum gauge at any time.
- an electronic readout system is arranged outside the negative pressure vacuum gauge
- the electronic readout system is connected to the computer, the computer records the data of negative pressure vacuum gauge at any time.
- the upper test soil mass is in a hard tube
- the upper end and lower end of the upper test soil mass are covered with a filter membrane respectively
- the upper test soil mass is sealed with distilled water
- the distilled water tube is covered with a thin film to guarantee a vacuum environment.
- the pore pressure gauge is connected to the computer for reading.
- a test operation method of the experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state defined in claim 4 including the following steps:
- the middle tube and lower tube are connected in one, and then the middle tube and lower tube are installed on a boring machine, the soil sampling depth is approached by mud drilling, when the soil sampling depth is approached, the descent shall be slow to avoid disturbing the hole bottom soil sample, the middle tube and lower tube are rapidly and continuously pressed in the predetermined depth of soil, and stopped for 3-5 minutes before the soil mass is pulled out;
- the filter membrane is disposed at the upper and lower ends of the middle tube respectively, the filter membrane is disposed at the upper and lower ends of the lower tube respectively, the lower end of the middle tube is connected to the upper end of the intermediate tube, the upper end of the lower tube is connected to the lower end of intermediate tube, the lower end of lower tube abuts the abutting port, the upper water storage tube is tilled with equilong distilled water;
- the device measures the vacuum degree of upper part of experimental soil mass by observing the reading in the negative pressure vacuum gauge, the test data can be obtained more accurately, and the overall operating procedure uses multisection tube connection, and the data are recorded in time by camera or electronic readout system and computer, so the data can be obtained more accurately, and the installation and dismounting are more convenient, it is workable to form more sections of subsurface soil mass to obtain more diversified vacuum degree data.
- the middle tube and lower tube to be inserted into the soil mass can be directly driven into the soil mass to obtain experimental soil from relevant position, the obtained test soil mass is closer to the real environment, and it is more convenient to be obtained, it is available for test once the mounting base is installed, the test efficiency can be increased greatly, and the test difficulty is reduced.
- the device uses monolithic construction, the main components are integrated on the base, spindle and mounting rack which form the mounting base, which are portable and convenient for rapidly building a testing system, favorable for site operation.
- FIG. 1 is a structural representation of experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state provided in the Embodiment 1 of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a structural representation of experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in manifold vacuum consolidated state
- FIG. 3 is a structural representation of the experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state provided in Embodiment 2 before the middle tube and lower tube are assembled;
- FIG. 4 is a structural representation of the middle tube and lower tube in FIG. 3 connected for piling and soil sampling;
- FIG. 5 is a structural representation of the experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state provided in Embodiment 2 in complete state;
- FIG. 6 is a structure section view of upper and lower tubes or port joint in FIG. 5 .
- the experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state includes a connecting tube, the connecting tube includes an upper water storage tube 1 , a middle tube 2 , an intermediate inner chamber 3 and a lower tube 4 abutting each other, the middle tube 2 is loaded with an upper experimental soil mass 5 , the lower tube 4 is loaded with a lower experimental soil mass 6 , a filter membrane 7 is arranged at the upper and lower ends of the soil masses in the middle tube 2 and lower tube 4 respectively, the filter membrane 7 is pervious, the upper water storage tube 1 stores distilled water 8 , the distilled water 8 simulates the groundwater, the lower tube 4 is connected to a water storage chamber 10 through an inlet conduit 9 , the water storage chamber 10 is connected to a pumping mechanism 12 through an outlet conduit 11 , a turn switch 29 is arranged at the outlet conduit 11 , the pumping mechanism 12 is a water pump, the parts other than
- the middle tube 2 and lower tube 4 are provided with a docking mechanism, the docking mechanism generally uses threaded connection or flanged connection, the middle tube 2 and lower tube 4 are connected and driven into the soil mass to take subsurface soil mass.
- the intermediate inner chamber 3 is disposed in an intermediate tube 14 , the upper end of intermediate tube 14 is connected to the middle tube 2 , and the lower end is connected to the lower tube 4 .
- the Embodiment 2 is basically identical with the Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the only difference is that the connecting tube is provided with a mounting base, and the mounting base is provided with a negative pressure vacuum gauge, a water storage chamber 10 and a pumping mechanism 12 , the negative pressure vacuum gauge includes an upper negative pressure vacuum gauge 15 and a lower negative pressure vacuum gauge 16 .
- the mounting base includes a base 17 , a spindle 18 and a mounting rack 19 , the sleeving hole of mounting rack 19 is fitted over the spindle 18 , moving up and down along the spindle 18 , an unlockable lock bar 20 is disposed at the sleeve joint of mounting rack 19 and spindle 18 , the lock bar 20 is provided with a handwheel 21 , the lock bar 20 is rotationally connected to a locking tile 22 in the sleeving hole through the mounting rack 19 .
- the intermediate tube 14 is fixed to the mounting rack 19 , the upper negative pressure vacuum gauge 15 is fixed to the mounting rack 19 , the intermediate tube 14 communicates with the upper negative pressure vacuum gauge 15 through the upper channel 23 on the mounting rack 19 ;
- the base 17 is provided with an abutting port 24 for abutting the lower tube 4 , the abutting port 24 is connected to the lower channel 25 on the base 17 , the water storage chamber 10 , lower negative pressure vacuum gauge 16 and pumping mechanism 12 are fixed to the base 17 , the lower negative pressure vacuum gauge 16 communicates with the lower channel 25 , the outer end of the lower channel 25 is connected to the water storage chamber 10 , the water storage chamber 10 is connected to the pumping mechanism 12 .
- annular step face 26 is formed at the abutting port 24 , the inner side face of annular step face 26 is threaded for connecting the lower tube 4 , a seal ring 27 is arranged between the bottom of the annular step face 26 and lower tube 4 , the upper water storage tube 1 and middle tube 2 , middle tube 2 and intermediate tube 14 , intermediate tube 14 and lower tube 4 use an annular step face 26 with an internal thread and a seal ring 27 respectively to form tight connection.
- a storage camera 28 aligned with the negative pressure vacuum gauge dial is arranged outside the negative pressure vacuum gauge, the data are collected once every ten minutes, and the data are stored.
- an electronic readout system is arranged outside the negative pressure vacuum gauge, the electronic readout system is connected to a computer, the computer records the data of negative pressure vacuum gauge at any time.
- the structure is favorable for long-term periodic recording, so that the test is more accurate.
- the upper test soil mass is in a hard tube, the upper end and lower end of the upper test soil mass are covered with a filter membrane 7 , the upper test soil mass 5 is sealed with distilled water 8 , the distilled water tube is covered with a thin film to guarantee a vacuum environment.
- the upper filter membrane 7 of the upper test soil mass 5 is connected to a pore pressure gauge 30 , the pore pressure gauge 30 is connected to the computer for reading.
- the test operation method of the experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state includes the following steps:
- the middle tube 2 and lower tube 4 are connected in one, and then the middle tube 2 and lower tube 4 are installed on a boring machine, the soil sampling depth is approached by mud drilling, when the soil sampling depth is approached, the descent shall be slow to avoid disturbing the hole bottom soil sample, the middle tube 2 and lower tube 4 are rapidly and continuously pressed in the predetermined depth of soil, and stopped for 3-5 minutes before the soil mass is pulled out;
- the filter membrane 7 is disposed at the upper and lower ends of the middle tube 2 respectively, the filter membrane 7 is disposed at the upper and lower ends of the lower tube 4 respectively, the lower end of the middle tube 2 is connected to the upper end of the intermediate tube 14 , the upper end of the lower tube 4 is connected to the lower end of intermediate tube 14 , the lower end of lower tube 4 abuts the abutting port 24 , the distilled water 8 is filled in the upper water storage tube 1 ;
- the pumping mechanism 12 is actuated, various instruments have readings after a period of time, if the reading of negative pressure vacuum gauge is k 1 , the reading of negative pressure vacuum gauge is k 2 , the reading of pore pressure gauge 30 is k 3 , and the heights of upper experimental soil mass and lower experimental soil mass are fixed at l, the attenuation law and specific attenuation value are analyzed by comparing the values of
- Embodiment 3 is basically identical with Embodiment 2 of the present invention, the only difference is that the soil particles in the experimental soil mass of Embodiment 3 are replaced by different water contents, porosity ratios and experimental soil mass lengths respectively according to particle size and mass.
- the check experiment can be performed at the same time ( FIG. 2 ) for experimental contrast and data gathering and analysis.
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Abstract
An experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state, including a connecting tube, the connecting tube includes an upper water storage tube, a middle tube, the middle tube is loaded with an upper experimental soil mass, the lower tube is loaded with a lower experimental soil mass, a water storage chamber is connected to a pumping mechanism, an intermediate inner chamber is connected to a negative pressure vacuum gauge, the inlet conduit is connected to a negative pressure vacuum gauge. Additionally, the present invention provides a test operation method. The device measures the vacuum degree of upper part of experimental soil mass by observing the reading in the negative pressure vacuum gauge.
Description
- The present invention relates generally to an experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state, and more particularly to the research on the attenuation in vacuum consolidated state, so as to provide scientific and effective information. Additionally, it relates to the test operation method of the experimental setup.
- The vacuum preloading is a high vacuum densification method of drainage consolidation method, it is a new technology of rapidly reinforcing foundations, it is used for treating the foundations in soft soil regions in recent years. The vacuum preloading method is applicable to reinforcing ultra-soft foundations of construction works, especially to the earth filling of bad foundation construction, as well as to saturated homogeneous cohesive clay and cohesive clay with lice interlayer, its operating principle is to let the pore water in soil mass flow into the sand drain and drain out to implement consolidation.
- However, as the consolidation proceeds, different silt thicknesses result in different degrees of consolidation, the attenuation occurs in different directions. The vacuum degree and pore water pressure of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state shall be measured. At present, the measuring instruments include vacuum gauge and pore water pressure gauge, but in the vacuumized state, the vacuum gauge is inserted into the silt, partial conduit is blocked, and it is not hollow state, the vacuum gauge fails to accurately measure the vacuum degree at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state. In addition, the silt may not be in saturated state in actual construction, the accuracy of the data measured by pore pressure gauge cannot be guaranteed, and in the state of negative pressure, the contrast between the parameters of pore pressure gauge and the data of vacuum degree is poor, the mode of attenuation and the decrement are unknown.
- The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state and the test operation method thereof, the experimental device can measure the vacuum degree and pore pressure data of a certain point of the underground soil more conveniently, quickly and accurately.
- An experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state, including a connecting tube, the connecting tube including an upper water storage tube, a middle tube, an intermediate inner chamber and a lower tube abutting each other, wherein the middle tube is loaded with an upper experimental soil mass, the lower tube is loaded with a lower experimental soil mass, a filter membrane is arranged at the upper and lower ends of the soil masses in the middle tube and lower tube respectively, the filter membrane is pervious, the upper water storage tube stores distilled water, the lower tube is connected to a water storage chamber through an inlet conduit, the water storage chamber is connected to a pumping mechanism through an outlet conduit, the parts other than inlet conduit and outlet conduit of water storage chamber are sealed, the intermediate inner chamber is connected to a negative pressure vacuum gauge, the inlet conduit is connected to a negative pressure vacuum gauge.
- More particularly, wherein the upper water storage tube and lower tube are provided with a docking mechanism, the middle tube and lower tube are connected and driven in the soil mass to take the subsurface soil mass.
- More particularly, wherein the intermediate inner chamber is arranged in the intermediate tube, the upper end of intermediate tube is connected to the middle tube, and the lower end is connected to the lower tube.
- More particularly, wherein the connecting tube is provided with a mounting base, the mounting base is provided with a negative pressure vacuum gauge, a water storage chamber and a pumping mechanism, the negative pressure vacuum gauge includes an upper negative pressure vacuum gauge and a lower negative pressure vacuum gauge, the mounting base includes a base, a spindle and a mounting rack, the sleeving hole of mounting rack is fitted over the spindle, moving up and down along the spindle, an unlockable lock bar is arranged at the sleeve joint of mounting rack and spindle, the lock bar is provided with a handwheel, the lock bar is rotationally connected to a locking tile in the sleeving hole through the mounting rack, the intermediate tube is fixed to the mounting rack, the upper negative pressure vacuum gauge is fixed to the mounting rack, the intermediate tube communicates with the upper negative pressure vacuum gauge through the upper channel on the mounting rack; the base is provided with an abutting port for abutting the lower tube, the abutting port is connected to the lower channel on the base, the water storage chamber, lower negative pressure vacuum gauge and pumping mechanism are fixed to the base, the lower negative pressure vacuum gauge communicates with the lower channel, the outer end of the lower channel is connected to the water storage chamber, the water storage chamber is connected to the pumping mechanism.
- More particularly, wherein a storage camera aligned with the negative pressure vacuum gauge dial is arranged outside the negative pressure vacuum gauge.
- More particularly, wherein an electronic readout system is arranged outside the negative pressure vacuum gauge, the electronic readout system is connected to the computer, the computer records the data of negative pressure vacuum gauge at any time.
- More particularly, wherein an electronic readout system is arranged outside the negative pressure vacuum gauge, the electronic readout system is connected to the computer, the computer records the data of negative pressure vacuum gauge at any time.
- More particularly, wherein the upper test soil mass is in a hard tube, the upper end and lower end of the upper test soil mass are covered with a filter membrane respectively, the upper test soil mass is sealed with distilled water, the distilled water tube is covered with a thin film to guarantee a vacuum environment.
- More particularly, wherein the upper filter membrane of the upper test soil mass is connected to a pore pressure gauge, the pore pressure gauge is connected to the computer for reading.
- A test operation method of the experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state defined in
claim 4, including the following steps: - 1. the middle tube and lower tube are connected in one, and then the middle tube and lower tube are installed on a boring machine, the soil sampling depth is approached by mud drilling, when the soil sampling depth is approached, the descent shall be slow to avoid disturbing the hole bottom soil sample, the middle tube and lower tube are rapidly and continuously pressed in the predetermined depth of soil, and stopped for 3-5 minutes before the soil mass is pulled out;
- 2. when the middle tube is being separated from the lower tube, the soil mass therein is cut up into an upper test soil mass remaining in the middle tube and a lower experimental soil mass remaining in the lower tube, the filter membrane is disposed at the upper and lower ends of the middle tube respectively, the filter membrane is disposed at the upper and lower ends of the lower tube respectively, the lower end of the middle tube is connected to the upper end of the intermediate tube, the upper end of the lower tube is connected to the lower end of intermediate tube, the lower end of lower tube abuts the abutting port, the upper water storage tube is tilled with equilong distilled water;
- 3. after various devices are connected up, the pumping mechanism is actuated, various instruments have readings after a period of time, if the reading of negative pressure vacuum gauge is k1, the reading of negative pressure vacuum gauge is k2, the reading of pore pressure gauge is k3, and the heights of upper experimental soil mass and lower experimental soil mass are fixed at l, the attenuation law and specific attenuation value are analyzed by comparing the values of
-
- 1. The device measures the vacuum degree of upper part of experimental soil mass by observing the reading in the negative pressure vacuum gauge, the test data can be obtained more accurately, and the overall operating procedure uses multisection tube connection, and the data are recorded in time by camera or electronic readout system and computer, so the data can be obtained more accurately, and the installation and dismounting are more convenient, it is workable to form more sections of subsurface soil mass to obtain more diversified vacuum degree data.
- 2. Due to the tube structure, the middle tube and lower tube to be inserted into the soil mass can be directly driven into the soil mass to obtain experimental soil from relevant position, the obtained test soil mass is closer to the real environment, and it is more convenient to be obtained, it is available for test once the mounting base is installed, the test efficiency can be increased greatly, and the test difficulty is reduced.
- 3. The device uses monolithic construction, the main components are integrated on the base, spindle and mounting rack which form the mounting base, which are portable and convenient for rapidly building a testing system, favorable for site operation.
-
FIG. 1 is a structural representation of experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state provided in theEmbodiment 1 of the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a structural representation of experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in manifold vacuum consolidated state; -
FIG. 3 is a structural representation of the experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state provided inEmbodiment 2 before the middle tube and lower tube are assembled; -
FIG. 4 is a structural representation of the middle tube and lower tube inFIG. 3 connected for piling and soil sampling; -
FIG. 5 is a structural representation of the experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state provided inEmbodiment 2 in complete state; -
FIG. 6 is a structure section view of upper and lower tubes or port joint inFIG. 5 . - The present invention is further described below with attached figures and embodiments. Please note that the words “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “upper” and “lower” used in the following description refer to directions in the attached figures. The words “bottom surface” and “top surface”, “inner” and “outer” refer to the directions toward or away from the geometric center of specific component.
- As shown in
FIGS. 1-2 , the experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state provided in theEmbodiment 1 of the present invention includes a connecting tube, the connecting tube includes an upperwater storage tube 1, amiddle tube 2, an intermediateinner chamber 3 and alower tube 4 abutting each other, themiddle tube 2 is loaded with an upperexperimental soil mass 5, thelower tube 4 is loaded with a lowerexperimental soil mass 6, afilter membrane 7 is arranged at the upper and lower ends of the soil masses in themiddle tube 2 andlower tube 4 respectively, thefilter membrane 7 is pervious, the upperwater storage tube 1 stores distilledwater 8, thedistilled water 8 simulates the groundwater, thelower tube 4 is connected to awater storage chamber 10 through an inlet conduit 9, thewater storage chamber 10 is connected to apumping mechanism 12 through anoutlet conduit 11, aturn switch 29 is arranged at theoutlet conduit 11, thepumping mechanism 12 is a water pump, the parts other than inlet conduit 9 andoutlet conduit 11 ofwater storage chamber 10 are sealed, the intermediateinner chamber 3 is connected to the negative pressure vacuum gauge, the inlet conduit 9 is connected to the negative pressure vacuum gauge. Themiddle tube 2 andlower tube 4 are provided with a docking mechanism, the docking mechanism generally uses threaded connection or flanged connection, themiddle tube 2 andlower tube 4 are connected and driven into the soil mass to take subsurface soil mass. The intermediateinner chamber 3 is disposed in anintermediate tube 14, the upper end ofintermediate tube 14 is connected to themiddle tube 2, and the lower end is connected to thelower tube 4. - As shown in
FIGS. 3-6 , theEmbodiment 2 is basically identical with theEmbodiment 1 of the present invention, the only difference is that the connecting tube is provided with a mounting base, and the mounting base is provided with a negative pressure vacuum gauge, awater storage chamber 10 and apumping mechanism 12, the negative pressure vacuum gauge includes an upper negativepressure vacuum gauge 15 and a lower negativepressure vacuum gauge 16. The mounting base includes abase 17, aspindle 18 and amounting rack 19, the sleeving hole ofmounting rack 19 is fitted over thespindle 18, moving up and down along thespindle 18, anunlockable lock bar 20 is disposed at the sleeve joint ofmounting rack 19 andspindle 18, thelock bar 20 is provided with ahandwheel 21, thelock bar 20 is rotationally connected to alocking tile 22 in the sleeving hole through themounting rack 19. Theintermediate tube 14 is fixed to themounting rack 19, the upper negativepressure vacuum gauge 15 is fixed to themounting rack 19, theintermediate tube 14 communicates with the upper negativepressure vacuum gauge 15 through theupper channel 23 on themounting rack 19; thebase 17 is provided with anabutting port 24 for abutting thelower tube 4, theabutting port 24 is connected to the lower channel 25 on thebase 17, thewater storage chamber 10, lower negativepressure vacuum gauge 16 andpumping mechanism 12 are fixed to thebase 17, the lower negativepressure vacuum gauge 16 communicates with the lower channel 25, the outer end of the lower channel 25 is connected to thewater storage chamber 10, thewater storage chamber 10 is connected to thepumping mechanism 12. Anannular step face 26 is formed at theabutting port 24, the inner side face ofannular step face 26 is threaded for connecting thelower tube 4, aseal ring 27 is arranged between the bottom of theannular step face 26 andlower tube 4, the upperwater storage tube 1 andmiddle tube 2,middle tube 2 andintermediate tube 14,intermediate tube 14 andlower tube 4 use anannular step face 26 with an internal thread and aseal ring 27 respectively to form tight connection. - As shown in
FIG. 1 , a storage camera 28 aligned with the negative pressure vacuum gauge dial is arranged outside the negative pressure vacuum gauge, the data are collected once every ten minutes, and the data are stored. Alternatively, an electronic readout system is arranged outside the negative pressure vacuum gauge, the electronic readout system is connected to a computer, the computer records the data of negative pressure vacuum gauge at any time. The structure is favorable for long-term periodic recording, so that the test is more accurate. - As shown in
FIG. 3 , the upper test soil mass is in a hard tube, the upper end and lower end of the upper test soil mass are covered with afilter membrane 7, the uppertest soil mass 5 is sealed with distilledwater 8, the distilled water tube is covered with a thin film to guarantee a vacuum environment. Theupper filter membrane 7 of the uppertest soil mass 5 is connected to a pore pressure gauge 30, the pore pressure gauge 30 is connected to the computer for reading. - As shown in
FIGS. 3-6 , the test operation method of the experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state includes the following steps: - A. The
middle tube 2 andlower tube 4 are connected in one, and then themiddle tube 2 andlower tube 4 are installed on a boring machine, the soil sampling depth is approached by mud drilling, when the soil sampling depth is approached, the descent shall be slow to avoid disturbing the hole bottom soil sample, themiddle tube 2 andlower tube 4 are rapidly and continuously pressed in the predetermined depth of soil, and stopped for 3-5 minutes before the soil mass is pulled out; - B. When the middle tube is being separated from the lower tube, the soil mass therein is cut up into an upper
test soil mass 5 remaining in the middle tube and a lowerexperimental soil mass 6 remaining in thelower tube 4, thefilter membrane 7 is disposed at the upper and lower ends of themiddle tube 2 respectively, thefilter membrane 7 is disposed at the upper and lower ends of thelower tube 4 respectively, the lower end of themiddle tube 2 is connected to the upper end of theintermediate tube 14, the upper end of thelower tube 4 is connected to the lower end ofintermediate tube 14, the lower end oflower tube 4 abuts theabutting port 24, the distilledwater 8 is filled in the upperwater storage tube 1; - C. After various devices are connected up, the
pumping mechanism 12 is actuated, various instruments have readings after a period of time, if the reading of negative pressure vacuum gauge is k1, the reading of negative pressure vacuum gauge is k2, the reading of pore pressure gauge 30 is k3, and the heights of upper experimental soil mass and lower experimental soil mass are fixed at l, the attenuation law and specific attenuation value are analyzed by comparing the values of -
- As shown in
FIGS. 1-2 , theEmbodiment 3 is basically identical withEmbodiment 2 of the present invention, the only difference is that the soil particles in the experimental soil mass ofEmbodiment 3 are replaced by different water contents, porosity ratios and experimental soil mass lengths respectively according to particle size and mass. The check experiment can be performed at the same time (FIG. 2 ) for experimental contrast and data gathering and analysis.
Claims (10)
1. An experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state, including a connecting tube, the connecting tube including an upper water storage tube, a middle tube, an intermediate inner chamber and a lower tube abutting each other,
wherein the middle tube is loaded with an upper experimental soil mass, the lower tube is loaded with a lower experimental soil mass, a filter membrane is arranged at the upper and lower ends of the soil masses in the middle tube and lower tube respectively, the filter membrane is pervious, the upper water storage tube stores distilled water, the lower tube is connected to a water storage chamber through an inlet conduit, the water storage chamber is connected to a pumping mechanism through an outlet conduit, a body of the water storage chamber is sealed, the intermediate inner chamber is connected to an upper negative pressure vacuum gauge, the inlet conduit is connected to a lower negative pressure vacuum gauge.
2. The experimental setup defined in claim 1 , wherein the upper water storage tube and lower tube are provided with a docking mechanism, the middle tube and lower tube are connected and driven in the soil mass to take the subsurface soil mass.
3. The experimental setup defined in claim 2 , wherein an intermediate inner chamber is arranged in an intermediate tube, an upper end of the intermediate tube is connected to the middle tube, and a lower end is connected to the lower tube.
4. The experimental setup defined in claim 3 , wherein the connecting tube is provided with a mounting base, the mounting base is provided with a negative pressure vacuum gauge, a water storage chamber and a pumping mechanism, the negative pressure vacuum gauge includes the upper negative pressure vacuum gauge and the lower negative pressure vacuum gauge, the mounting base includes a base, a spindle and a mounting rack, a sleeving hole of mounting rack is fitted over the spindle, moving up and down along the spindle, an unlockable lock bar is arranged at a sleeve joint of mounting rack and spindle, the lock bar is provided with a handwheel, the lock bar is rotationally connected to a locking tile in the sleeving hole through the mounting rack, the intermediate tube is fixed to the mounting rack, the upper negative pressure vacuum gauge is fixed to the mounting rack, the intermediate tube communicates with the upper negative pressure vacuum gauge through an upper channel on the mounting rack; the base is provided with an abutting port for abutting the lower tube, the abutting port is connected to a lower channel on the base, the water storage chamber, the lower negative pressure vacuum gauge and pumping mechanism are fixed to the base, the lower negative pressure vacuum gauge communicates with the lower channel, the outer end of the lower channel is connected to the water storage chamber, the water storage chamber is connected to the pumping mechanism.
5. The experimental setup defined in claim 1 , wherein a storage camera aligned with a negative pressure vacuum gauge dial is arranged outside the negative pressure vacuum gauge.
6. The experimental setup defined in claim 1 , wherein an electronic readout system is arranged outside the negative pressure vacuum gauge, the electronic readout system is connected to a computer, the computer records the data of the negative pressure vacuum gauge at any time.
7. (canceled)
8. The experimental setup defined in claim 6 , wherein an upper test soil mass is in a hard tube, the upper end and lower end of the upper test soil mass are covered with a filter membrane respectively, the upper test soil mass is sealed with distilled water, a distilled water tube is covered with a thin film to guarantee a vacuum environment.
9. The experimental setup defined in claim 8 , wherein an upper filter membrane of the upper test soil mass is connected to a pore pressure gauge, the pore pressure gauge is connected to the computer for reading.
10. A test operation method of the experimental setup for measuring the vacuum degree and pore pressure at a point of soil mass in vacuum consolidated state defined in claim 4 , including the following steps:
I. the middle tube and lower tube are connected in one, and then the middle tube and lower tube are installed on a boring machine, the soil sampling depth is approached by mud drilling, when the soil sampling depth is approached, the middle tube and lower tube are rapidly and continuously pressed in the predetermined depth of soil, and stopped for 3-5 minutes before the soil mass is pulled out;
II. when the middle tube is being separated from the lower tube, the soil mass therein is cut up into an upper test soil mass remaining in the middle tube and a lower experimental soil mass remaining in the lower tube, the filter membrane is disposed at the upper and lower ends of the middle tube respectively, the filter membrane is disposed at the upper and lower ends of the lower tube respectively, the lower end of the middle tube is connected to the upper end of the intermediate tube, the upper end of the lower tube is connected to the lower end of the intermediate tube, the lower end of the lower tube abuts the abutting port, the upper water storage tube is filled with equilong distilled water;
III. the pumping mechanism is actuated, if the reading of the negative pressure vacuum gauge is k1, the reading of the negative pressure vacuum gauge is k2, the reading of the pore pressure gauge is k3, and the heights of the upper experimental soil mass and lower experimental soil mass, are fixed at l, the attenuation law and specific attenuation value are analyzed by comparing the values of
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