US20220379315A1 - Pulverizer system - Google Patents
Pulverizer system Download PDFInfo
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- US20220379315A1 US20220379315A1 US17/883,046 US202217883046A US2022379315A1 US 20220379315 A1 US20220379315 A1 US 20220379315A1 US 202217883046 A US202217883046 A US 202217883046A US 2022379315 A1 US2022379315 A1 US 2022379315A1
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- pulverizer
- processor
- outlet
- conveyor
- drum
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 29
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013070 direct material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000430525 Aurinia saxatilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
- B02C13/18—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/30—Driving mechanisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C25/00—Control arrangements specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/288—Ventilating, or influencing air circulation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/286—Feeding or discharge
- B02C2013/28618—Feeding means
- B02C2013/28636—Feeding means of conveyor belt type
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pulverizer also known as a vertical grinding mill which are provided with a rotating shaft with a plurality of arms spinning thereabout which generate a series of air currents inside of a cylinder to pulverize, separate, aerate, and/or homogenize material.
- a pulverizer also known as a vertical grinding mill which are provided with a rotating shaft with a plurality of arms spinning thereabout which generate a series of air currents inside of a cylinder to pulverize, separate, aerate, and/or homogenize material.
- Solid materials such as garbage, rubbish or other solid materials have been collected by trucks and transported for disposal for many years.
- Burkett developed a centrifugal mill sometime around in the mid-1970s and ended up with U.S. Pat. No. 3,987,970 and others.
- the applicant's predecessor-in-interest filed Canadian Patent Application Nos. 2,125,797 and 2,147,666 for use with various equipment and methods for pulverizing rock and remediating soil utilizing an improved pulverizer configuration. All three of these patents/applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
- a pulverizer or vertical gyroscopic mill can be combined with a conveyor system for (a) feeding the pulverizer and/or (b) likely for removing discharge.
- the speed of the conveyor(s), particularly the feed conveyor, as well as the speed of the rotation of the pulverizer are preferably controlled by a processor possibly in an interrelated manner.
- the shaft may be driven by a variable frequency drive motor or other variable speed motor to allow for the processor to control aspects of the speed of the motor. Feedback loops are helpful for some operations of the processor as well, such as to maintain constant power levels and/or feed flows.
- a system may control the rate of infeed to at least assist in controlling the process for at least some embodiments.
- a system may control the speed of the rotor for some embodiments such as to maintain a specified power level and/or for other objectives.
- the speed of the motor and the speed of the conveyor can be linked together so that if the speed of the shaft rotation of the pulverizer is sensed to decrease, then the speed of the conveyor can be correspondingly decreased as well, such as a proportional amount, possibly as compared to overall speeds, amount of decrease or other amounts.
- the processor can direct the ramping back up of the shaft speed after a sudden slow down possibly as well as a corresponding slowing down and then speeding up of the conveyor.
- a vibration sensor can be used to detect when the shaft and/or other components of the pulverizer are vibrating too much to then direct a potential shut down sub-routine to determine the cause of the vibration.
- the vibration could be caused by unbalanced loading, which could be addressed by first slowing, and then possibly stopping the feed conveyor.
- the shaft may be slowed slightly, or significantly to see if the vibration clears. Finally, if none of the above slows the vibration issue, the shaft may be stopped.
- software of at least some embodiments can detect wrapping by sensing an increase in amperage possibly coupled with other effects such as no significant increase or decrease in output or throughput and/or other effects.
- the processor may stop the shaft. After stopping the feed conveyor, the processor may direct a reverse direction of the shaft for a predetermined speed and/or time (or alternating directions) to allow attempt to dislodge material from wrapped arms. Similarly, if resistance is deemed too low, the processor can speed up certain factors.
- At least one cutting mechanism can be provided in an effort to attempt to cut material which may otherwise wrap towards an upper end of the shaft.
- a door opening prevention separator lock for many embodiments can be provided to prevent an access door of the pulverizer from being opened while in operation, or even during spin down after shutting off the pulverizer. Once the shaft is stopped, the interlock may then allow the access door to open.
- software can be used to maintain the environment of pressure below ambient such as at some vacuum value possibly in combination with a dust depression system at an outlet of the pulverizer possibly with a separator lock option at the outlet so as to prevent, or at least significantly reduce dust in the environment to reduce dust about the pulverizer during operation.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a pulverizer system of a presently preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a detailed cross sectional view of the dust collection intake shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is an internal view of detail B shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a portion of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows essentially a schematic representation of the pulverizer system 100 in the form of a feed conveyor 12 , feeding to an inlet 14 of a pulverizer 16 .
- optional air lock 20 may assist in discharging ground material onto conveyor 22 or alternatively, it may be that material directed from outlet is deposited directly onto conveyor 22 without optional air lock 20 , illustrated.
- Dust collector system 24 is useful for some, if not many embodiments, to remove dust and will be described in further detail with reference back to FIGS. 1 and 4 , possibly under the direction of processor 26 .
- Processor 26 can control many aspects of the system 100 in the pulverizer 16 as will be discussed in further detail below.
- the pulverizer 16 is preferably equipped with a variable speed motor 28 such as a variable frequency drive motor which can allow for the processor 26 to assist in controlling the speed of the motor 28 . Additionally, the processor 26 may also control the speed of feed of the conveyor 12 .
- a variable speed motor 28 such as a variable frequency drive motor which can allow for the processor 26 to assist in controlling the speed of the motor 28 . Additionally, the processor 26 may also control the speed of feed of the conveyor 12 .
- both the feed i.e., the amount of fed material
- the amount of feed directed into the pulverizer 16 through inlet 14 can be monitored and/or controlled possibly in combination with the speed of rotation of the shaft 32 in an effort to address a variety of different operating conditions.
- the shaft 32 may reduce rotational speed about rotation axis 34 .
- the processor 26 has a ramp up speed routine as provided to the motor 28 so that instead of attempting to instantaneously maintain speed, either a predetermined ramp up routine is selected such as a linear increase or non-linear curve back to speed or possibly having a predetermined intermediate speeds back up to an optimum speed is achieved by the processor 26 running software as provided therewith.
- Conveyor 12 may follow a similar or dissimilar routine.
- the input as provided through inlet 14 can be varied, possibly together with the speed of rotation of the shaft 32 by the motor 28 under certain operating conditions as well.
- a different rate of feed of the conveyor 12 can be selected relative to the speed of the rotation of the shaft 32 about axis 34 .
- processor 26 may be addressed with processor 26 to attempt to improve efficiency as well.
- the speed of rotation of the shaft 32 can be selected relative to the speed of the conveyor 12 and/or vice versa and/or the amount of input in inlet 14 possibly in combination with the sensor 30 or other way to measure input into inlet 14 .
- Another feature which can be controlled with the pulverizer 16 is its internal pressure which may be assisted in being controlled by a dust collection system 24 or other system. By directing the pressure inside pulverizer 16 to possibly be below atmospheric pressure such as by using the dust control system 24 , the relative size of particulate leaving the outlet 18 can be reduced. Under certain circumstances, the particulate size as deposited from the outlet conveyor 22 may be more preferably controlled by addressing a pressure in the pulverizer 16 , such as with processor 26 .
- outlet conveyor 22 could have material redirected back into inlet 14 under certain conditions to regrind material and/or could be controlled by processor 26 as well.
- Dust collection system 24 could be useful to prevent the area around the pulverizer 16 from being a dusty mess. Dust collecting system 24 may also collect useful products from the grinding operation.
- the processor 26 may also simultaneously slow down the conveyor 12 and/or maintain a predetermined speed during the ramp up process so as to not overload the input in the inlet 14 of the pulverizer 16 .
- the processor 26 may perform other functions like direct the flow of input into inlet 14 in order to attempt to maintain a relatively stable power level based on consumption of energy of either the overall system and/or by the motor 28 .
- the input is slowed such as by slowing the conveyor 12 or other step.
- power consumption is not significant enough as consumed the motor 28 , it r ray be that the conveyor 12 can be sped up by the processor 26 .
- the vortices flow in at least the middle section 38 can be varied to effectively change the configuration of those vortices, at least elevationally.
- the change in shelf height 36 it may be imparted to the other shelves namely 40 and/or 42 and/or other shelves which could be changed in height as well.
- a way of not only providing a desired signal to the motor 28 for a desired speed of the shaft 32 can be provided, but also the speed itself can be sensed with sensor 46 and provided to processor 26 .
- a door locking interlock and/or sensor 48 can be provided for use by processor 26 or other device so that access door 50 so that the door 50 may not be opened as illustrated in FIG. 1 , unless the shaft 32 is stationary. This feature can prevent the door 50 from being unlocked such as with locking system 52 as might be restrained from opening by lock 48 under certain conditions.
- a vibration sensor 54 may be provided so as to be able to sense vibration of the shaft 32 and/or other portions of the pulverizer 16 .
- a vibration protocol may be employed by the processor 26 so that upon reaching a first predetermined amount of vibration, certain steps are performed such as by first slowing down the motor 28 and/or conveyor 12 to see if the vibration diminishes, and if not, then possibly securing the conveyor 12 and then end the motor 28 .
- a second predetermined amount could result in shutdown of the motor 28 directly.
- the vibration sensor 54 detects the shaft 32 as sensing too much vibration, then it could indicate that a pin is sheared, an arm pad has been damaged, or other complicating factor internal to the pulverizer 16 which could then be somewhat of a self-diagnosing pulverizer 16 . If a second predetermined amount of vibration is sensed, it may be that the motor 28 is secured immediately as opposed to going through a slowing step to discourage internal damage in the pulverizer 16 .
- processor 26 could also control the air lock 20 , if utilized, as well as the speed of being able to move material onto conveyor 22 and/or the speed of the conveyor 22 .
- Processor 26 may also control the air flow through the dust controller system 24 if utilized and/or could assist in maintaining a desired pressure such as a vacuum or other pressure internal to the pulverizer 16 and/or assist in maximizing efficiency of the fan 56 of the dust collector 24 for efficiency or other purposes such as removing dust of a given particulate size.
- Fan 56 might be a 30 horsepower motor capable of drawing 1000 cubic feet per minute or have other specifications for various other dust collector systems 24 . It turns out that for many processes, the dust collected in various bags 58 can prove to be quite valuable such as when grounding electronics, it may be that gold dust can be retrieved from the bags 56 , 58 . Other waste may have other valuable components which may be recovered from waste bags 58 .
- Plenum 60 could be made of the appropriate gauge of material to be able to withstand the suction forces as provided by fan 56 and it may be that the amount of suction can be varied such as not only with the speed of the fan 56 but also with the size of the opening 62 as will be discussed in further detail with reference to FIG. 4 below either of which could be controlled by processor 26 or otherwise.
- the software used by the processor 26 could detect wrapping such as by sensing an increase of amperage without noticing any increase in output 18 and/or input 14 and/or possibly also observing that the amperage is slowly increasing by the motor 28 as it being required by the motor 28 . Vibration sensed by the vibration sensor 54 may also contribute to the ability to detect wrapping.
- a routine can be employed to attempt to shed the wrap material from the arms.
- the shaft 32 could be stopped as shown by processor and possibly even the arms 64 - 68 could then be reversed in direction to attempt to free the arms 64 - 68 from the wrap material. It may be that a series of spinning in the first direction about the axis and then reversing direction about the axis 34 may be employed in order to attempt to remove such material. Should this step fail to work, then it may be that the door 50 might need to be opened or the shafts 32 stopped to remove any excess wrapped material.
- a shaft wrapping removal system could be employed similar to the one shown in FIG. 5 .
- a spacing rib 70 is shown which can assist in pushing material up and away from the shaft 32 or alternatively along a shedding cone 72 or such as one outwardly extending from shaft 32 which might otherwise direct material up towards the spacing rib 70 and/or upper portion 74 of the pulverizer 16 .
- a first blade 76 which preferably cuts through any material as it passes through or certainly once a predetermined thickness illustrated as thickness 78 is encountered, a second blade or stop 80 can contact the material to either assist in pushing that wrapped material against the first blade 76 and/or cut wrap material with the second blade or stop 80 . Accordingly, the most that could be possibly wrapped would likely be of a thickness 78 between the first blade 76 and the second blade or stop 80 . Accordingly, as the material attempts to wrap, the material is removed and cut by the blades 76 and/or 80 . VHS tapes particularly have a tendency to come unraveled and perform as well as do other certain feed stocks possibly including wires, labels, plastic and/or other materials.
- the cone 72 when utilized works as a shedding cone to assist the direction of such materials up into the cutting area of the shaft wrapping removal device illustrated.
- An access plate 82 may be useful to be able to open the access either the first or second cutting blade 76 , 80 possibly from outside the pulverizer 16 for adjustment and/or replacement.
- the cone 72 can be a shedding cone and can further assist in the ability to direct material up to the cutting surfaces of the blade 76 and/or 80 .
- the cone 72 has a larger diameter at a bottom of the cone 72 and increases in diameter before going downwardly.
- a pulverizer 16 comprising a top 1 with an inlet 14 , and a conveyor 12 feeding an inlet 14 at the top, a bottom 3 , a drum 5 located between the top 1 to the bottom 3 , a rotating shaft 32 having radially extending arms 64 , 66 , 68 creating flow currents within the pulverizer thereby reducing the size of product input at the inlet 14 and discharged at the bottom 3 at exit 18 , and a processor 26 directing the speed of at least one, if not both, of (a) the shaft 32 and (b) the conveyor 12 based at least partially on input of sensors 30 and/or 46 , and/or others.
- a variable speed motor 28 such as a variable frequency drive motor or other motor, directed by the processor 26 may drive the shaft.
- the processor 26 may be used for other functions such as at least assist in controlling pressure in the drum of the pressurizer 16 such as by controlling a dust collection system 24 , possibly having a variable vacuum controlled by the processor 26 .
- Another processor function may be directing the rotation of the shaft 32 in one of a forward and a reverse direction based on detected wrapping of debris about one of the shaft and the arms 64 , 66 , 68 .
- Some embodiments may provide a shaft speed sensor 46 and further comprising a feed back loop communicating shaft speed to the processor 26 .
- These or other embodiments may provide a door interlock 48 whereby the processor 26 prevents opening an access door 50 to the drum when the shaft 32 is rotating.
- These or other embodiments may provide a vibration sensor such as 46 with the processor 26 directing slowing down the pulverizer 16 if vibration exceeds a first predetermined threshold, and/or stopping the pulverizer 16 if vibration exceeds a second predetermined threshold.
- Some embodiments may provide a wrap detection algorithm used by the processor 26 whereby wrapping of material about the arms 64 , 66 , 68 is detected by performance of the pulverizer 16 .
- Some algorithms may employ sensing at least one of an increase in amperage required by the motor 28 , slowing down of the shaft and increased vibration such as may be sensed by sensor 46 and/or another sensor. If wrapping about the shaft 32 is detected, some embodiments may provide, the pulverizer 16 reverses direction of rotation of the shaft 32 , at least briefly in an effort to dislodge wrapped material on the arms 64 - 68 .
- Spacing ribs 70 and/or a shedding cone 72 located in the drum 5 toward the inlet 16 at the top 1 , or upper portion 74 of the pulverizer 16 may be useful to discourage wrapping for many embodiments as well.
- the shedding cone 72 for at least some embodiments, at least one blade 76 or 80 near a top of the cone 72 may assist in cutting debris which might otherwise wrap about the shaft 32 . Still other embodiments may have some, or all of these features, as well as, or even others.
Abstract
Description
- This application is a division of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/405,626 filed Jan. 13, 2017, which, in turn, claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/279,309 filed Jan. 15, 2016, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated in their entirety by reference herein.
- The present invention relates to a pulverizer also known as a vertical grinding mill which are provided with a rotating shaft with a plurality of arms spinning thereabout which generate a series of air currents inside of a cylinder to pulverize, separate, aerate, and/or homogenize material.
- Solid materials such as garbage, rubbish or other solid materials have been collected by trucks and transported for disposal for many years.
- Burkett developed a centrifugal mill sometime around in the mid-1970s and ended up with U.S. Pat. No. 3,987,970 and others. The applicant's predecessor-in-interest filed Canadian Patent Application Nos. 2,125,797 and 2,147,666 for use with various equipment and methods for pulverizing rock and remediating soil utilizing an improved pulverizer configuration. All three of these patents/applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
- Still others have commercialized an embodiment of the Burkett mill and are trying to sell that design in the marketplace today. However, when attempting to build a Burkett mill with improvements, the applicant discovered there were components of that basic design which could be improved.
- It is the present object of many embodiments of the present invention to provide an improved vertical gyroscopic mill or pulverizer having advanced capabilities.
- It is another object of many embodiments of the present invention to provide an improved pulverizer having improved safety features.
- It is another object of many embodiments of the present invention to provide an improved pulverizer having improved performance characteristics.
- It is another object of many embodiments of the present invention to provide improved efficiency, possibly coupled to increased output and/or reduced down time.
- It is another object of many embodiments to provide improved performance for a pulverizer by having adjustable air flow characteristics other than adjustable shaft rotation speed alone.
- It is another object of many embodiments of the present invention to provide an improved shaft wrapping removal system.
- It is another object of many embodiments of the present invention to provide an improved dust collection system.
- Accordingly, in accordance with a presently preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pulverizer or vertical gyroscopic mill can be combined with a conveyor system for (a) feeding the pulverizer and/or (b) likely for removing discharge. The speed of the conveyor(s), particularly the feed conveyor, as well as the speed of the rotation of the pulverizer are preferably controlled by a processor possibly in an interrelated manner. Furthermore, the shaft may be driven by a variable frequency drive motor or other variable speed motor to allow for the processor to control aspects of the speed of the motor. Feedback loops are helpful for some operations of the processor as well, such as to maintain constant power levels and/or feed flows.
- A system may control the rate of infeed to at least assist in controlling the process for at least some embodiments.
- A system may control the speed of the rotor for some embodiments such as to maintain a specified power level and/or for other objectives.
- Additionally, for at least some embodiments, it may be that the speed of the motor and the speed of the conveyor can be linked together so that if the speed of the shaft rotation of the pulverizer is sensed to decrease, then the speed of the conveyor can be correspondingly decreased as well, such as a proportional amount, possibly as compared to overall speeds, amount of decrease or other amounts. Furthermore, if a high resistant object is encountered with an arm and the shaft speed slows down a significant amount, it may be that the processor can direct the ramping back up of the shaft speed after a sudden slow down possibly as well as a corresponding slowing down and then speeding up of the conveyor.
- For some embodiments, a vibration sensor can be used to detect when the shaft and/or other components of the pulverizer are vibrating too much to then direct a potential shut down sub-routine to determine the cause of the vibration. The vibration could be caused by unbalanced loading, which could be addressed by first slowing, and then possibly stopping the feed conveyor. The shaft may be slowed slightly, or significantly to see if the vibration clears. Finally, if none of the above slows the vibration issue, the shaft may be stopped.
- Additionally, software of at least some embodiments can detect wrapping by sensing an increase in amperage possibly coupled with other effects such as no significant increase or decrease in output or throughput and/or other effects. Once detecting a wrapping step, the processor may stop the shaft. After stopping the feed conveyor, the processor may direct a reverse direction of the shaft for a predetermined speed and/or time (or alternating directions) to allow attempt to dislodge material from wrapped arms. Similarly, if resistance is deemed too low, the processor can speed up certain factors.
- Additionally, in an effort to prevent shaft wrapping which can often occur with the top of the pulverizer above the uppermost arm segments, at least one cutting mechanism can be provided in an effort to attempt to cut material which may otherwise wrap towards an upper end of the shaft.
- A door opening prevention separator lock for many embodiments can be provided to prevent an access door of the pulverizer from being opened while in operation, or even during spin down after shutting off the pulverizer. Once the shaft is stopped, the interlock may then allow the access door to open.
- Additionally, software can be used to maintain the environment of pressure below ambient such as at some vacuum value possibly in combination with a dust depression system at an outlet of the pulverizer possibly with a separator lock option at the outlet so as to prevent, or at least significantly reduce dust in the environment to reduce dust about the pulverizer during operation.
- Still these and/or other features may be provided with still other embodiments.
- The particular features and advantages of the invention as well as other objects will become apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a pulverizer system of a presently preferred embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a detailed cross sectional view of the dust collection intake shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 is an internal view of detail B shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the present invention; andFIG. 5 is a schematic view of a portion of the present invention. -
FIG. 1 shows essentially a schematic representation of thepulverizer system 100 in the form of afeed conveyor 12, feeding to aninlet 14 of apulverizer 16. Once material is pulverized, it exits out at 18 whereoptional air lock 20 may assist in discharging ground material ontoconveyor 22 or alternatively, it may be that material directed from outlet is deposited directly ontoconveyor 22 withoutoptional air lock 20, illustrated. -
Dust collector system 24 is useful for some, if not many embodiments, to remove dust and will be described in further detail with reference back toFIGS. 1 and 4 , possibly under the direction ofprocessor 26.Processor 26 can control many aspects of thesystem 100 in thepulverizer 16 as will be discussed in further detail below. - The
pulverizer 16 is preferably equipped with avariable speed motor 28 such as a variable frequency drive motor which can allow for theprocessor 26 to assist in controlling the speed of themotor 28. Additionally, theprocessor 26 may also control the speed of feed of theconveyor 12. - For instance, by having a
processor 26 control operation of both the feed (i.e., the amount of fed material) intoinlet 14 by controlling the speed of theconveyor 12, possibly in combination with sensors such assensor 30 directed atconveyor 12 which can sense the input of material intoinlet 14. The amount of feed directed into thepulverizer 16 throughinlet 14 can be monitored and/or controlled possibly in combination with the speed of rotation of theshaft 32 in an effort to address a variety of different operating conditions. - For instance, during normal operations, if a particular hard grind product is directed into
inlet 14, theshaft 32 may reduce rotational speed aboutrotation axis 34. In order to ramp back up to optimal, it may be that theprocessor 26 has a ramp up speed routine as provided to themotor 28 so that instead of attempting to instantaneously maintain speed, either a predetermined ramp up routine is selected such as a linear increase or non-linear curve back to speed or possibly having a predetermined intermediate speeds back up to an optimum speed is achieved by theprocessor 26 running software as provided therewith.Conveyor 12 may follow a similar or dissimilar routine. - Another aspect of the pulverizing
system 100 is that the input as provided throughinlet 14 can be varied, possibly together with the speed of rotation of theshaft 32 by themotor 28 under certain operating conditions as well. Depending on the particular type of input ininlet 14, a different rate of feed of theconveyor 12 can be selected relative to the speed of the rotation of theshaft 32 aboutaxis 34. Other factors may be addressed withprocessor 26 to attempt to improve efficiency as well. - Depending on the particular input at issue, it may be that the speed of rotation of the
shaft 32 can be selected relative to the speed of theconveyor 12 and/or vice versa and/or the amount of input ininlet 14 possibly in combination with thesensor 30 or other way to measure input intoinlet 14. Another feature which can be controlled with the pulverizer 16 is its internal pressure which may be assisted in being controlled by adust collection system 24 or other system. By directing the pressure inside pulverizer 16 to possibly be below atmospheric pressure such as by using thedust control system 24, the relative size of particulate leaving theoutlet 18 can be reduced. Under certain circumstances, the particulate size as deposited from theoutlet conveyor 22 may be more preferably controlled by addressing a pressure in the pulverizer 16, such as withprocessor 26. Of course,outlet conveyor 22 could have material redirected back intoinlet 14 under certain conditions to regrind material and/or could be controlled byprocessor 26 as well.Dust collection system 24 could be useful to prevent the area around the pulverizer 16 from being a dusty mess.Dust collecting system 24 may also collect useful products from the grinding operation. - Also, when the
shaft 32 is ramping back up to speed as directed by the processor but theprocessor 26 may also simultaneously slow down theconveyor 12 and/or maintain a predetermined speed during the ramp up process so as to not overload the input in theinlet 14 of the pulverizer 16. - Also, the
processor 26 may perform other functions like direct the flow of input intoinlet 14 in order to attempt to maintain a relatively stable power level based on consumption of energy of either the overall system and/or by themotor 28. - For instance, when encountering an increased power consumption by the
motor 28, it may be that the input is slowed such as by slowing theconveyor 12 or other step. Furthermore if power consumption is not significant enough as consumed themotor 28, it r ray be that theconveyor 12 can be sped up by theprocessor 26. - In addition to providing instructions to control both the speed of the
motor 28, to thus control the rotational speed of theshaft 32, as well as the speed of theconveyor 12, it may be that there is a feed back loop provided back to theprocessor 26 for various effects. For instance, it has been discovered that through shelf height optimization, as will be described in further detail below, it may be that a higher throughput (i.e., a higher rate of flow from both into theinlet 14 and outlet 18) can be achieved with a lower power consumption of themotor 28 based on theshelf 36 being provided at a selected height provided through way of adjustment. A 20% higher throughput has been achieved for some feed streams by selecting the specific height of theshelf 36 for some embodiments. By changing theshelf 36 height, the vortices flow in at least themiddle section 38 can be varied to effectively change the configuration of those vortices, at least elevationally. Furthermore, it may be that the change inshelf height 36 it may be imparted to the other shelves namely 40 and/or 42 and/or other shelves which could be changed in height as well. Additionally, the relative shape of deflectors orshelves deflector 44 in a similar or dissimilar manner as theshelf 36 is changed in height as will be explained in further detail below. - By providing a feedback route such as with an accelerometer 46 connected to the
shaft 32 as well as avariable speed motor 28 such as could be driven by a variable frequency drive system or otherwise, a way of not only providing a desired signal to themotor 28 for a desired speed of theshaft 32 can be provided, but also the speed itself can be sensed with sensor 46 and provided toprocessor 26. - Other sensors can be utilized with this system which are not presently utilized.
- Specifically, a door locking interlock and/or
sensor 48 can be provided for use byprocessor 26 or other device so thataccess door 50 so that thedoor 50 may not be opened as illustrated inFIG. 1 , unless theshaft 32 is stationary. This feature can prevent thedoor 50 from being unlocked such as with lockingsystem 52 as might be restrained from opening bylock 48 under certain conditions. Additionally, avibration sensor 54 may be provided so as to be able to sense vibration of theshaft 32 and/or other portions of the pulverizer 16. A vibration protocol may be employed by theprocessor 26 so that upon reaching a first predetermined amount of vibration, certain steps are performed such as by first slowing down themotor 28 and/orconveyor 12 to see if the vibration diminishes, and if not, then possibly securing theconveyor 12 and then end themotor 28. A second predetermined amount could result in shutdown of themotor 28 directly. - If the
vibration sensor 54 detects theshaft 32 as sensing too much vibration, then it could indicate that a pin is sheared, an arm pad has been damaged, or other complicating factor internal to the pulverizer 16 which could then be somewhat of a self-diagnosingpulverizer 16. If a second predetermined amount of vibration is sensed, it may be that themotor 28 is secured immediately as opposed to going through a slowing step to discourage internal damage in the pulverizer 16. - Of course, the
processor 26 could also control theair lock 20, if utilized, as well as the speed of being able to move material ontoconveyor 22 and/or the speed of theconveyor 22.Processor 26 may also control the air flow through thedust controller system 24 if utilized and/or could assist in maintaining a desired pressure such as a vacuum or other pressure internal to the pulverizer 16 and/or assist in maximizing efficiency of thefan 56 of thedust collector 24 for efficiency or other purposes such as removing dust of a given particulate size. -
Fan 56 might be a 30 horsepower motor capable of drawing 1000 cubic feet per minute or have other specifications for various otherdust collector systems 24. It turns out that for many processes, the dust collected invarious bags 58 can prove to be quite valuable such as when grounding electronics, it may be that gold dust can be retrieved from thebags waste bags 58.Plenum 60 could be made of the appropriate gauge of material to be able to withstand the suction forces as provided byfan 56 and it may be that the amount of suction can be varied such as not only with the speed of thefan 56 but also with the size of theopening 62 as will be discussed in further detail with reference toFIG. 4 below either of which could be controlled byprocessor 26 or otherwise. - The software used by the
processor 26 could detect wrapping such as by sensing an increase of amperage without noticing any increase inoutput 18 and/orinput 14 and/or possibly also observing that the amperage is slowly increasing by themotor 28 as it being required by themotor 28. Vibration sensed by thevibration sensor 54 may also contribute to the ability to detect wrapping. - If wrapping is occurring on the aims, such as any of
arms shaft 32 could be stopped as shown by processor and possibly even the arms 64-68 could then be reversed in direction to attempt to free the arms 64-68 from the wrap material. It may be that a series of spinning in the first direction about the axis and then reversing direction about theaxis 34 may be employed in order to attempt to remove such material. Should this step fail to work, then it may be that thedoor 50 might need to be opened or theshafts 32 stopped to remove any excess wrapped material. - Additionally, if wrapping up on the
shaft 32 such as at any of the hubs or even towards theupper portion 74 ofpulverizer 16, a shaft wrapping removal system could be employed similar to the one shown inFIG. 5 . Specifically, aspacing rib 70 is shown which can assist in pushing material up and away from theshaft 32 or alternatively along a sheddingcone 72 or such as one outwardly extending fromshaft 32 which might otherwise direct material up towards the spacingrib 70 and/orupper portion 74 of the pulverizer 16. As it travels up thespacing rib 70, it may encounter afirst blade 76 which preferably cuts through any material as it passes through or certainly once a predetermined thickness illustrated asthickness 78 is encountered, a second blade or stop 80 can contact the material to either assist in pushing that wrapped material against thefirst blade 76 and/or cut wrap material with the second blade or stop 80. Accordingly, the most that could be possibly wrapped would likely be of athickness 78 between thefirst blade 76 and the second blade or stop 80. Accordingly, as the material attempts to wrap, the material is removed and cut by theblades 76 and/or 80. VHS tapes particularly have a tendency to come unraveled and perform as well as do other certain feed stocks possibly including wires, labels, plastic and/or other materials. - The
cone 72 when utilized works as a shedding cone to assist the direction of such materials up into the cutting area of the shaft wrapping removal device illustrated. Anaccess plate 82 may be useful to be able to open the access either the first orsecond cutting blade cone 72 can be a shedding cone and can further assist in the ability to direct material up to the cutting surfaces of theblade 76 and/or 80. Thecone 72 has a larger diameter at a bottom of thecone 72 and increases in diameter before going downwardly. - Accordingly, some embodiments provide a pulverizer 16 comprising a top 1 with an
inlet 14, and aconveyor 12 feeding aninlet 14 at the top, a bottom 3, adrum 5 located between the top 1 to the bottom 3, a rotatingshaft 32 having radially extendingarms inlet 14 and discharged at the bottom 3 atexit 18, and aprocessor 26 directing the speed of at least one, if not both, of (a) theshaft 32 and (b) theconveyor 12 based at least partially on input ofsensors 30 and/or 46, and/or others. Avariable speed motor 28, such as a variable frequency drive motor or other motor, directed by theprocessor 26 may drive the shaft. Theprocessor 26 may be used for other functions such as at least assist in controlling pressure in the drum of the pressurizer 16 such as by controlling adust collection system 24, possibly having a variable vacuum controlled by theprocessor 26. Another processor function may be directing the rotation of theshaft 32 in one of a forward and a reverse direction based on detected wrapping of debris about one of the shaft and thearms - Some embodiments may provide a shaft speed sensor 46 and further comprising a feed back loop communicating shaft speed to the
processor 26. These or other embodiments may provide adoor interlock 48 whereby theprocessor 26 prevents opening anaccess door 50 to the drum when theshaft 32 is rotating. These or other embodiments may provide a vibration sensor such as 46 with theprocessor 26 directing slowing down the pulverizer 16 if vibration exceeds a first predetermined threshold, and/or stopping the pulverizer 16 if vibration exceeds a second predetermined threshold. - Some embodiments may provide a wrap detection algorithm used by the
processor 26 whereby wrapping of material about thearms motor 28, slowing down of the shaft and increased vibration such as may be sensed by sensor 46 and/or another sensor. If wrapping about theshaft 32 is detected, some embodiments may provide, the pulverizer 16 reverses direction of rotation of theshaft 32, at least briefly in an effort to dislodge wrapped material on the arms 64-68. Spacingribs 70 and/or a sheddingcone 72 located in thedrum 5 toward theinlet 16 at the top 1, orupper portion 74 of the pulverizer 16, may be useful to discourage wrapping for many embodiments as well. With the sheddingcone 72, for at least some embodiments, at least oneblade cone 72 may assist in cutting debris which might otherwise wrap about theshaft 32. Still other embodiments may have some, or all of these features, as well as, or even others. - Numerous alterations of the structure herein disclosed will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art. However, it is to be understood that the present disclosure relates to the preferred embodiment of the invention which is for purposes of illustration only and not to be construed as a limitation of the invention. All such modifications which do not depart from the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (20)
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US17/883,046 US20220379315A1 (en) | 2016-01-15 | 2022-08-08 | Pulverizer system |
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US201662279309P | 2016-01-15 | 2016-01-15 | |
US15/405,626 US11440021B2 (en) | 2016-01-15 | 2017-01-13 | Pulverizer system |
US17/883,046 US20220379315A1 (en) | 2016-01-15 | 2022-08-08 | Pulverizer system |
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US15/405,626 Division US11440021B2 (en) | 2016-01-15 | 2017-01-13 | Pulverizer system |
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4177950A (en) * | 1978-02-16 | 1979-12-11 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Control for a power plant coal mill pulverizer having feedforward damper positioning |
US5067661A (en) * | 1989-07-10 | 1991-11-26 | Light Work Inc. | Mill for grinding garbage or the like |
US5845855A (en) * | 1995-11-24 | 1998-12-08 | Nisshin Flour Milling Co., Ltd. | Mechanical grinding apparatus |
US20170016188A1 (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2017-01-19 | Patent Applied Technology | Luminescent Markings |
-
2022
- 2022-08-08 US US17/883,046 patent/US20220379315A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4177950A (en) * | 1978-02-16 | 1979-12-11 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Control for a power plant coal mill pulverizer having feedforward damper positioning |
US5067661A (en) * | 1989-07-10 | 1991-11-26 | Light Work Inc. | Mill for grinding garbage or the like |
US5845855A (en) * | 1995-11-24 | 1998-12-08 | Nisshin Flour Milling Co., Ltd. | Mechanical grinding apparatus |
US20170016188A1 (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2017-01-19 | Patent Applied Technology | Luminescent Markings |
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