US20220376798A1 - Method for validating a transaction during a radio communication - Google Patents

Method for validating a transaction during a radio communication Download PDF

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Publication number
US20220376798A1
US20220376798A1 US17/770,844 US202017770844A US2022376798A1 US 20220376798 A1 US20220376798 A1 US 20220376798A1 US 202017770844 A US202017770844 A US 202017770844A US 2022376798 A1 US2022376798 A1 US 2022376798A1
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Prior art keywords
user
terminal
signal
touched
communication device
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US17/770,844
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English (en)
Inventor
Philippe Dussaume
Jean-Philippe Javaudin
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Orange SA
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Orange SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B13/00—Transmission systems characterised by the medium used for transmission, not provided for in groups H04B3/00 - H04B11/00
    • H04B13/005—Transmission systems in which the medium consists of the human body

Definitions

  • the invention relates to short-range wireless communications for transmitting data between two devices by way of the human body. More precisely, the invention relates to a system for conducting transactions between a terminal carried by a user and a communication device such as a base station or a reader, connected for example to a transaction server, using the conductive capability of the human body to transmit the electromagnetic waves carrying such wireless communications.
  • Near-field communications usually known by the acronym “NFC”, based mainly on the ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 14443 standard, use wireless technologies to allow information to be exchanged between two peripherals separated by a short distance, typically less than ten centimeters. Communications of this type have many applications, for example in the fields of payment or transportation.
  • the near-field receiver receives a message from the near-field transmitter. Such a message may correspond, in the abovementioned context, to the validation of a transaction, such as for example the exchange of a ticket (for an event, for travel, etc.), a payment, the launch of a personalized service on a computer or a television set, access to a room, etc.
  • the prior art discloses a system for exchanging such messages, in which the receiver is contained in a terminal carried by a user, the messages being received by the receiver during an intra-body communication via the user of the terminal.
  • An intra-body communication uses the conductive capability of the human body to transmit the electromagnetic waves carrying wireless communications.
  • Such a technology is called intra-body communication (IBC).
  • Such a wireless communication system is described for example in document WO2012/131224.
  • the system comprises a terminal carried by a user, the antenna of which is in direct contact with, or very close to, the user.
  • a signal transmitted by the terminal is modulated by way of a low-frequency modulator and transmitted through the body of the user.
  • the human body has conduction capabilities that are suitable for conveying such electromagnetic signals, provided that the antenna is located close to (less than a few centimeters from) the body of the user and designed so as to meet the expected objective.
  • the antenna consists of a set of turns of a number and arrangement that are appropriate for transmitting the wave through the human body in an optimum manner.
  • This system also comprises an NFC communication device comprising a receiver that comprises a sensitive surface consisting of an antenna of the same type as that of the transmitter and on which the user is able to perform an approach gesture, for example place his hand on the antenna, touch it or simply bring his hand toward the antenna to within a few centimeters thereof.
  • the NFC communication device receives the signal due to the physical contact between, or at least the proximity of, the user and the antenna.
  • the received signal is demodulated and transmitted to an equipment suitable for performing processing operations, in the present case for carrying out the transaction (payment, opening a door, etc.).
  • document WO2016/001506 proposes to detect and validate an intentional approach gesture performed by the user, in order to ensure that the approach gesture is actually performed.
  • the drawback of such a system lies in the fact that, in the presence of multiple communication devices located close to the terminal of the user, even if the user performs an intentional approach gesture with respect to a first communication device, but not with respect to a second communication device, the transaction may fail if the signal received by the terminal of the user through intra-body communication, from the second communication device, has a power higher than that of the signal characterizing the intentional approach gesture performed by the user, received through intra-body communication from the first device.
  • the terminal of the user will thus be able, via a dedicated application, to detect the intentional approach gesture performed by the user with respect to the first communication device, by analyzing the evolution of the envelope of the received NFC signal, but risks incorrectly associating this envelope with an approach of the second communication device in connection with the decoding of the frames received therefrom.
  • the transaction between the terminal and the first communication device will therefore be unsuccessful.
  • One of the aims of the invention is to rectify drawbacks of the abovementioned prior art.
  • one subject of the present invention relates to a method for receiving a signal during an intra-body communication via a user carrying a terminal, comprising the following, at the level of the terminal:
  • Such a method comprises the following, at the level of the terminal:
  • Such a reception method thus allows the terminal carried by the user to check, from among the data frames that it receives through intra-body communication, from multiple communication devices located close to the terminal, whether or not one of these devices has been touched by the user, and to validate a transaction via either the communication device that the user has actually touched, or another nearby terminal, or else, by contrast, to decline any transaction if the terminal receives, from each of them, explicit information according to which none of these devices has been touched by the user.
  • the invention thus very easily makes it possible, by virtue of a modification of the signal characterizing the approach gesture performed by the user, by adding information determining whether or not the user has touched the device between the two times, to verify, by way of a terminal carried by the user, which device is the one that has actually been touched by the user of the terminal. Furthermore, by correlating this information that is temporally close to the maximum amplitude of the signal characterizing the fact that the user has touched the device between the two times, the terminal is able to recognize, with a high probability, which device, from among the communication devices located close to the terminal, is the communication device via which a transaction required by the terminal will be able to be implemented.
  • Intra-body communication is understood to mean a communication that uses the conductive capability of the human body to transmit the electromagnetic waves carrying wireless communications. Such technology is called IBC.
  • the information determining whether or not the user has touched the device is contained in a radio data frame received from the communication device, said frame being associated with the time interval in which the amplitude of the signal is at a maximum.
  • the terminal By virtue of the reception of the radio data frame that contains said information, in synchronicity with the reception of the signal characterizing the fact that the user has touched the device between two times, and more precisely in the time interval between the two times, in which the amplitude of the signal is at a maximum, the terminal is able to very easily correlate the identity, and therefore the location of the device, with radio data of the received frame that have been generated by the device, such as for example an identifier of the terminal, a service identifier, a random datum, etc.
  • the information determining whether or not the user has touched the device is contained in a radio data frame received from the communication device, said frame being associated with the time interval in which the amplitude of the signal is at a maximum, and wherein said frame is distinct from another radio data frame received from the communication device and associated with the time interval in which the amplitude of the signal is at a maximum.
  • the terminal By virtue of the reception of the radio data frame that contains said information, in synchronicity with the reception of the signal characterizing the fact that the user has touched the device between two times, and more precisely in the time interval between the two times, in which the amplitude of the signal is at a maximum, the terminal is able to very easily correlate the identity, and therefore the location of the device, with radio data of another frame that have been generated by the device, said other frame being received in parallel by the terminal, also between the two times during which the user has touched the device.
  • radio data contained in this other frame comprise for example an identifier of the terminal, a service identifier, a random datum, etc.
  • the information determining whether or not the user has touched the communication device comprises a bit whose first value determines that the user has touched the communication device, and whose second value determines that the user has not touched the communication device.
  • Representing the information determining whether or not the user has touched the device in binary form makes it possible to optimize the reduction of the signaling cost of the transmission of the radio data frames between the communication device and the terminal.
  • the invention also relates to a terminal having capabilities for intra-body communication via a user carrying said terminal, said terminal comprising a processor that is configured so as to implement the following:
  • processor is configured so as to implement the following:
  • Such a communication terminal is in particular able to implement the abovementioned reception method.
  • the invention also relates to a method for transmitting a signal during an intra-body communication via a user carrying a terminal, comprising the following, at the level of a communication device:
  • Such a transmission method is noteworthy in that the communication device generates, in the signal, information determining whether or not the user has touched the device.
  • the information determining whether or not the user has touched the device is contained in a radio data frame sent to the terminal, said frame having been generated between the two times at which the amplitude of the signal is at a maximum.
  • the information determining whether or not the user has touched the device is contained in a radio data frame sent to the terminal, said frame having been generated between the two times at which the amplitude of the signal is at a maximum, and wherein said frame is distinct from another radio data frame sent to the terminal and having been generated between the two times at which the amplitude of the signal is at a maximum.
  • the information determining whether or not the user has touched the communication device comprises a bit whose first value determines that the user has touched the communication device, and whose second value determines that the user has not touched the communication device.
  • the invention also relates to a communication device having capabilities for signal transmission during an intra-body communication via a user carrying a terminal, said device comprising a processor that is configured so as to implement the following:
  • the invention also relates to a computer program comprising instructions for implementing the reception or transmission method according to the invention according to any one of the particular embodiments described above when said program is executed by a processor.
  • Such instructions may be stored durably in a non-transitory memory medium of the communication terminal implementing the reception method or of the communication device implementing the transmission method.
  • This program may use any programming language and be in the form of source code, object code or intermediate code between source code and object code, such as in a partially compiled form, or in any other desirable form.
  • the invention also targets a computer-readable recording medium or information medium comprising instructions of a computer program as mentioned above.
  • the recording medium may be any entity or device capable of storing the program.
  • the medium may comprise a storage means, such as a ROM, for example a CD-ROM or a microelectronic circuit ROM, or else a magnetic recording means, for example a USB key or a hard disk.
  • a storage means such as a ROM, for example a CD-ROM or a microelectronic circuit ROM, or else a magnetic recording means, for example a USB key or a hard disk.
  • the recording medium may be a transmissible medium such as an electrical or optical signal, which may be conveyed via an electrical or optical cable, by radio or by other means.
  • the program according to the invention may in particular be downloaded from an Internet-type network.
  • the recording medium may be an integrated circuit in which the program is incorporated, the circuit being designed to execute or to be used in the execution of the abovementioned reception or transmission method.
  • FIG. 1 shows a communication system according to one embodiment of the invention when a terminal carried by a user conducts a transaction with a communication device
  • FIG. 2 shows a terminal in one particular embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a communication device in one particular embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows the main actions implemented in the signal transmission/reception method, according to one particular embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows one embodiment of a signal representative of an approach gesture performed by a user toward a communication device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Such a system comprises:
  • the terminal 1 is suitable for transmitting and receiving radio signals, which are also called radio carrier waves, via the antenna ANT 1 , through the body of a user U.
  • the terminal 1 is located close to the user U, without necessarily being in direct contact therewith.
  • the terminal 1 is placed inside a pocket or a bag carried against the user. In these configurations, it is estimated that the terminal 1 is not more than a few centimeters away from the body of the user U. The distance is for example less than 10 cm.
  • the terminal 1 is equipped with a battery or battery cells for autonomous operation. It is for example a mobile telephone equipped with an NFC antenna used as antenna for transmitting and receiving modulated or unmodulated electrical signals.
  • the NFC antenna ANT 1 is also IBC.
  • the antenna ANT 1 is designed so as to receive the electromagnetic wave through the human body in an optimum manner.
  • it consists of a set of turns of an appropriate number and arrangement.
  • the terminal 1 may of course take other forms.
  • it may be any portable device capable of near-field communication with NFC transmitters, directly or via the human body (bracelet, electronic tablet, necklace, etc.).
  • the communication device 2 is an equipment that is able to transmit and receive radio signals, or carrier waves, in particular through the body of the user, via an IBC antenna, denoted by the reference ANT 2 .
  • the communication device 2 is a reader that comprises a sensitive surface SUT formed by the antenna ANT 2 , which is possibly protected and designed to react when the user touches it, for example by placing his hand above it, or approaching very close (a few centimeters).
  • the sensitive surface SUT may be equipped with one or more capacitive detectors (not shown).
  • Other touch or quasi-touch detection technologies may of course be implemented, such as for example surface wave technology, infrared technology, ultrasound technology, etc.
  • the communication device 2 also comprises a user interface (also called HMI), referenced IU, intended to display messages for the attention of the user and an equipment (not shown in FIG. 1 ) able to perform processing operations, such as a PC or a server.
  • a user interface also called HMI
  • referenced IU intended to display messages for the attention of the user
  • an equipment not shown in FIG. 1
  • the sensitive surface SUT covering the antenna, the user interface IU and the equipment are connected for example by way of a wired link, or through a network, for example a mobile network, or the Internet.
  • the communication device 2 is configured so as to operate in IBC mode by loading a specific (software) program, without modifying the hardware.
  • the communication device 2 consists of an electronic shelf label (ESL) that the user touches in order to receive personalized product information (discount, benefit, promotion, information about the product, etc.).
  • ESL electronic shelf label
  • FIG. 2 shows the simplified structure of the terminal 1 designed to implement the signal reception method that will be described below.
  • the terminal 1 is for example a smartphone mobile terminal designed to implement the invention.
  • the terminal is a simple electronic card equipped with the following modules:
  • FIG. 3 shows the simplified structure of the communication device 2 designed to implement the signal transmission method that will be described below.
  • the device 2 comprises multiple modules that are similar to those of the terminal 1 described with reference to FIG. 2 :
  • any off-the-shelf reader for example an EPT for “electronic payment terminal” may advantageously be used as communication device 2 , provided that it has a touch surface and benefits from the module MIBC 2 , after a simple update of the software of the reader (installation and/or update of the application and configuration of the NFC transmission) to give it the ability to transmit a message having the IBC characteristics (frequency, modulation, etc.) via its antenna.
  • EPT electronic payment terminal
  • the device 2 renders information to the user U.
  • this may be an information message, such as for example: “to validate the amount of the transaction, please touch or approach the sensitive surface SUT”, “to validate access to the library, please touch or approach the sensitive surface SUT”, etc.
  • Such an information message may be rendered in text form and/or vocally.
  • the device 2 transmits, via its antenna ANT 2 , an NFC-type modulated electrical signal associated with a search message intended for a device located close to the device 2 , in this case the terminal 1 carried by the user U.
  • a signal denoted by the reference SIG in FIG. 4
  • Such a signal conventionally contains a default data frame along with a payload containing for example a random number, a code, a key, etc.
  • This frame constitutes a search message transmitted in the signal SIG transmitted by the device 2 , which is intended, according to this example, to come into contact with a portable device located close to the device 2 . It is specific to the proposed transaction service: payment, access to a room, etc.
  • the signal SIG may be transmitted continuously for a predefined duration.
  • the device 2 changes to reception mode.
  • the terminal 1 demodulates the received signal SIG into a digital signal.
  • the terminal 1 analyzes the digital signal thus obtained, via the module ANA of FIG. 2 . During this analysis, the terminal 1 detects at least one of the information elements corresponding to the interrogation of the device 2 , specifically, in this example, a service using IBC technology. Since the application APP does not at this stage detect any information relating to an intentional gesture performed by the user U with respect to the device 2 , the signal SIG is ignored by the terminal 1 .
  • the user U touches the sensitive surface SUT of the device 2 , for example by placing his hand thereon or by approaching his hand to within a few centimeters of the surface.
  • the device 2 In S 6 , the device 2 generates an electrical signal SGV representative of the intentional gesture performed by the user U.
  • the signal SGV comprises:
  • the device 2 modulates the signal SGV by associating information INF therewith determining whether or not the user U has touched (or almost touched) the surface SUT of the device 2 between the times t 1 max and t 2 max .
  • information INF is coded by the module COD of FIG. 3 on one bit, either at 1, determining that the user U has touched or almost touched the surface SUT of the device 2 , or at 0, determining that the user U has not touched or almost touched the surface SUT of the device 2 .
  • a modified signal SGV denoted SGV′, is then obtained at the end of S 7 .
  • the module COD of the device 2 generates the information INF at 1 because the user U has touched or almost touched the surface SUT.
  • the device 2 transmits, via its antenna ANT 2 , a modulated electrical signal SGV′ associated with a message MSG for validating or not validating the gesture performed by the user U, intended for the terminal 1 carried by the user U.
  • the message MSG transmitted in the modulated electrical signal SGV′ transmitted by the device 2 comprises an identifier ID associated with the device 2 , along with the information INF determining whether or not the user U has touched (or almost touched) the surface SUT of the device 2 between the times t 1 max and t 2 max .
  • the identifier ID is a unique reference associated with the device 2 or else a location identifier for identifying the location of the device 2 (GPS coordinates, URL address, etc.).
  • the message MSG is in the form of a single data frame containing:
  • the message MSG comprises:
  • the identifier ID may be supplied by the device 2 , which has stored it locally, or else upon request from a management system SG 3 connected to the device 2 via a communication network.
  • the information INF may also be generated by the management system 3 upon the request of the device 2 in order to unburden the computing resources thereof.
  • the modulated electrical signal SGV′ transmitted in S 8 is detected and received by the terminal 1 , via the body of the user U, passing through the antenna ANT 1 .
  • the terminal 1 demodulates the received electrical signal SGV′ into a digital signal, via its module DEMOD ( FIG. 2 ).
  • the terminal 1 analyzes the digital signal thus obtained, via its module DGV ( FIG. 2 ), in order to validate whether or not the gesture performed by the user U corresponds to an intentional gesture on the part thereof and whether or not the surface SUT of the device 2 has been touched (or almost touched) by the user U.
  • the terminal 1 detects, in S 110 , that the amplitude of the signal SGV′ is at a maximum between the times t 1 max and t 2 max and that the signal SGV′ has exceeded a predetermined threshold SP between these two times.
  • a first condition according to which the signal SGV′ is representative of an approach gesture performed by the user U toward the device 2 is therefore met.
  • the terminal 1 detects the abovementioned message MSG, that is to say the information INF, the identifier ID of the device 2 and possibly the other abovementioned information, such as for example a service identifier and/or else a random datum.
  • the terminal 1 checks, via its module ANA, whether the information INF is at 0 or at 1.
  • the additional condition for validating the intentional approach gesture performed by the user U is not met since the value, at 0, of the information INF is representative of the fact that the user U has not touched the touch surface SUT of the device 2 corresponding to the detected identifier ID.
  • the terminal 1 therefore does not continue the transaction.
  • INF is at 1, as in the example shown, the additional condition for validating the intentional approach gesture performed by the user U is met since the value, at 1, of the information INF is representative of the fact that the user U has touched or almost touched the touch surface SUT of the device 2 corresponding to the detected identifier ID.
  • the terminal 1 then validates the content of the message MSG in a conventional manner, and then enters into communication either with the device 2 if the latter has sufficient management capabilities or else with the management system SG 3 or any other appropriate management equipment, in order to activate the service required by the terminal 1 (validate the amount of a transaction, validate access to a room, validate a balance of transport tickets, etc.).
US17/770,844 2019-10-24 2020-10-06 Method for validating a transaction during a radio communication Pending US20220376798A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1911932A FR3102624A1 (fr) 2019-10-24 2019-10-24 Procédé de validation d’une transaction lors d’une communication radio
FR1911932 2019-10-24
PCT/FR2020/051746 WO2021079038A1 (fr) 2019-10-24 2020-10-06 Procede de validation d'une transaction lors d'une communication radio

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EP (1) EP4049388A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR3102624A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021079038A1 (fr)

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EP4199379A1 (fr) * 2021-12-17 2023-06-21 Rade Tecnologías, S. L. Systèmes de sécurité pour objets et procédés

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US20150261342A1 (en) * 2014-03-14 2015-09-17 Silicon Integrated Systems Corp Capacitive touch device and sensing method thereof

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JP5358771B2 (ja) * 2008-09-30 2013-12-04 衛藤 由希 人体通信装置、人体通信システム、携帯装置、及び据置装置
FR2973183A1 (fr) 2011-03-21 2012-09-28 France Telecom Dispositif et procede de communication sans fil
FR3023090A1 (fr) 2014-06-30 2016-01-01 Orange Dispositif de validation d'une transaction lors d'une communication radio mettant en oeuvre le corps humain
US9842329B2 (en) * 2015-02-13 2017-12-12 Sony Corporation Body area network for secure payment
FR3071987A1 (fr) * 2017-09-29 2019-04-05 Orange Procede et systeme de reconnaissance d'un utilisateur lors d'une communication radio via le corps humain

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US20150261342A1 (en) * 2014-03-14 2015-09-17 Silicon Integrated Systems Corp Capacitive touch device and sensing method thereof

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FR3102624A1 (fr) 2021-04-30
EP4049388A1 (fr) 2022-08-31

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