US20220370806A1 - Magnetic Stimulation With Variable Pulsed Intervals - Google Patents

Magnetic Stimulation With Variable Pulsed Intervals Download PDF

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US20220370806A1
US20220370806A1 US17/882,535 US202217882535A US2022370806A1 US 20220370806 A1 US20220370806 A1 US 20220370806A1 US 202217882535 A US202217882535 A US 202217882535A US 2022370806 A1 US2022370806 A1 US 2022370806A1
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rtms
variable pulse
pulse intervals
patient
pulses
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Conway Ho
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N2/00—Magnetotherapy
    • A61N2/004—Magnetotherapy specially adapted for a specific therapy
    • A61N2/006—Magnetotherapy specially adapted for a specific therapy for magnetic stimulation of nerve tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
    • A61B5/369—Electroencephalography [EEG]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/16—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state
    • A61B5/165—Evaluating the state of mind, e.g. depression, anxiety
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/30—Input circuits therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
    • A61B5/369—Electroencephalography [EEG]
    • A61B5/372—Analysis of electroencephalograms
    • A61B5/374—Detecting the frequency distribution of signals, e.g. detecting delta, theta, alpha, beta or gamma waves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
    • A61B5/369—Electroencephalography [EEG]
    • A61B5/375—Electroencephalography [EEG] using biofeedback
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/48—Other medical applications
    • A61B5/4836—Diagnosis combined with treatment in closed-loop systems or methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/7235—Details of waveform analysis
    • A61B5/7253—Details of waveform analysis characterised by using transforms
    • A61B5/726—Details of waveform analysis characterised by using transforms using Wavelet transforms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M21/00—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
    • A61N1/3605—Implantable neurostimulators for stimulating central or peripheral nerve system
    • A61N1/3606—Implantable neurostimulators for stimulating central or peripheral nerve system adapted for a particular treatment
    • A61N1/36082—Cognitive or psychiatric applications, e.g. dementia or Alzheimer's disease
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N2/00—Magnetotherapy
    • A61N2/02—Magnetotherapy using magnetic fields produced by coils, including single turn loops or electromagnets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M21/00—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis
    • A61M2021/0005—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis by the use of a particular sense, or stimulus
    • A61M2021/0055—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis by the use of a particular sense, or stimulus with electric or electro-magnetic fields
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methods of modulating brain activity with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) wherein the rTMS is administered with variable pulse intervals for a time sufficient to modulate said brain activity wherein an improvement in a physiological condition or a clinical condition is achieved.
  • the variable pulse interval settings are derived from a patient's EEG signal that has been extracted from analysis with a wavelet transform.
  • Transcranial magnetic stimulation and rTMS have been used to treat many psychological and medical disorders such as major depressive disorder, Parkinson's disease, PTSD, Alzheimer's disease, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia, pain management and others.
  • Recently, Jin and Phillips, in US Patent Publication 2009/0082690, have disclosed a treatment protocol using rTMS where the output of the magnetic field is adjusted based on a patient's EEG intrinsic frequencies in an attempt to alter the patient's intrinsic EEG frequencies.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 9,308,385 uses a different approach to administer rTMS by using a frequency based on a biological metric or an harmonic of a biological metric.
  • rTMS is delivered by an apparatus that is comprised of magnetic coils that provide pulsed magnetic fields.
  • the frequencies and intensity can be varied if desired.
  • Prior to the present invention rTMS treatments have consisted of the delivery of a single frequency at a set intensity.
  • the present invention provides a novel rTMS delivery system that delivers rTMS with variable pulse intervals with multiple frequencies and variable output intensities.
  • the brain activity of a mammal is modulated by subjecting the mammal to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) with variable pulse intervals determined by individual EEG characteristics for a time sufficient to modulate said brain activity wherein an improvement in a physiological condition or a clinical condition is achieved.
  • the variable pulse intervals are determined by subjecting the mammal to an EEG to create an EEG data set and analyzing the EEG data set with a wavelet transform algorithm.
  • the wavelet transform algorithm identifies a unique EEG signal pattern for the mammal/patient.
  • the EEG signal pattern is then used to generate a sequence of TTL (transistor-transistor logic) or other triggering pulses to program the rTMS apparatus to provide variable pulse intervals and variable intensities.
  • Brain activity to be modulated can be any one or more desired frequency bandwidth(s) and includes the brain frequency bandwidth of 3-7 Hz, the brain frequency bandwidth of 8-13 Hz, the brain frequency bandwidth of 15-20 Hz, and the brain frequency bandwidth of 35-45 Hz and any sub-bandwidth group within those ranges.
  • a frequency bandwidth between 8-13 Hz is targeted to treat a patient
  • the actual bandwidth used to treat that patient can be narrowed within that bandwidth range depending on the variation of patient's EEG oscillation intervals, such as, for example, 105 ms-110 ms, ie a frequency bandwidth between 9.1-9.5 Hz.
  • Success in the modulation is achieved when the targeted frequency bandwidth has an increase in amplitude or relative power density in addition to improvement in symptoms associated with the clinical and physiological conditions being treated.
  • Physiological conditions and medical conditions that can be improved by modulating the brain activity according to the present invention are any conditions where abnormal brain activity contributes to a specific condition. Improvements are seen when the amplitude of the desired or targeted brain wave bands acquire an increase in amplitude or relative power density.
  • Conditions that are treated include but are not limited to autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), memory impairment, depression, pain, addiction, Obsessive Compulsive disorders (OCD), anxiety, Parkinson's disease, hypertension, libido dysfunction, motor function abnormalities, small height in young children, stress, obesity, sleep disorders, eating disorders, concentration/focus abnormalities, speech abnormalities, intelligence deficits, cognition abnormalities, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders (ADHD), schizophrenia, coma, bipolar disorders, tinnitus, fibromyalgia, chronic Lyme disease, Rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases, gout, diabetes, arthritis, trauma rehab, athletic performance, cognitive improvement, and stroke.
  • ASD autism spectrum disorder
  • AD Alzheimer's Disease
  • PTSD Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
  • TBI Traumatic Brain Injury
  • OCD Obsessive Compulsive disorders
  • anxiety Parkinson's disease
  • hypertension libid
  • a patient is subjected to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) with variable pulse intervals for a time sufficient to modulate a brain activity in the patient where an improvement in a physiological condition or a clinical condition is achieved.
  • rTMS repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
  • the patient is subjected to an EEG to create an EEG data set.
  • the EEG data set is analyzed with a wavelet transform.
  • the extracted signal by wavelet transform analysis is then used to program the variable pulse intervals (frequencies and amplitudes) into the rTMS apparatus.
  • the wavelet transform algorithm extracts a unique EEG signal and variable pulse interval profile that results in the desired improvements in the physiological or medical condition that is being treated.
  • FIG. 1 shows EEG raw data and extracted signal by a wavelet analysis.
  • FIG. 2 shows the results of a patient's EEG power spectra before and after treatment.
  • mammal when used herein includes any mammal but especially humans.
  • Non-human mammals include non-human primates, zoo animals, companion animals (dogs, cats) and performance animals such as race horses and breeding animals. Any reference to “humans” described herein will have applicability to other mammals that exhibit the same physiological or medical conditions. Any reference to “patient” when used herein has applicability to any mammal (preferably humans) that may experience the particular condition to which the patient reference is made.
  • an EEG is conducted on a patient experiencing physiological conditions and/or medical conditions in need of treatment.
  • the raw EEG data is analyzed with a wavelet transform algorithm resulting in a unique patient EEG wavelet signal.
  • the pattern of the EEG wavelet signal is used to program the TTL pulses, or other triggers, generated by the rTMS apparatus into variable pulse intervals.
  • rTMS is administered to the patient with variable pulse intervals for a time sufficient to modulate a brain activity which results in an improvement in the physiological condition or the clinical condition being treated.
  • variable pulse intervals are employed in an rTMS protocol used for a time sufficient to modulate a brain activity resulting in an improvement in a physiological condition or a clinical condition.
  • the treatments are administered daily or 5 days/week for a month after which the patient's progress will be re-evaluated.
  • the variable pulse interval settings are achieved by programming the rTMS apparatus with the patient's EEG signal extracted by wavelet analysis to provide magnetic stimulation with variable pulse intervals.
  • the specific brain activity, or brain wave frequency bandwidth, to be modulated is dictated by the patient's EEG.
  • a preferred brain frequency bandwidth is 8-13 Hz.
  • the maximum intensity setting of the magnetic pulses is generally limited to the patient's motor threshold or lower. It is preferred to set the peak pulse power/intensity of the rTMS to about 80% of the patient's motor threshold.
  • the rTMS treatments according to the present invention are administered according to well known protocols employing magnetic coils.
  • the time of actual magnetic stimulation over a set period of time will vary based on each clinical presentation. It is preferred to administer the magnetic stimulation for six continuous seconds per minute of the rTMS session. Sessions can last from 15 to 60 minutes and preferably about 30 minutes.
  • Magnetic coils are placed in close proximity or against a patient's head preferably adjacent to the area of the head where the desired brain frequency wavelengths predominate in the patient's brain. For example, if treating a patient with a frequency bandwidth in the 8-13 Hz range then the magnetic rTMS coils are generally placed against the frontal lobe area (forehead) of the patient where the variable pulse interval frequencies are administered. For treating a patient with variable pulse interval frequencies in more than one frequency bandwidth range, the magnetic coils are positioned adjacent to brain regions that the patient's EEG has identified as having poor coherence, low energy and/or regions that are non-synchronous.
  • Patients/mammals can be treated for any one or more of the brain wave frequency ranges described herein.
  • the rTMS variable pulsed intervals can be administered simultaneously or sequentially in one treatment session.
  • the rTMS can be delivered by an rTMS device that can deliver variable pulsed interval frequencies to more than one area of the patient's head.
  • multiple rTMS devices can be used to deliver the desired variable pulsed interval frequencies to the desired areas.
  • a patient in need of treatment is subjected to an EEG resulting in an EEG data set.
  • the EEG data is then analyzed with a wavelet transform algorithm resulting in the patient's EEG signal pattern 102 ( FIG. 1 ).
  • the patient's EEG signal extracted by wavelet analysis is then used to determine the variable pulse intervals used in the patient's rTMS treatment.
  • the EEG raw data profile 101 is analyzed with a wavelet transform algorithm resulting in the patient's individual wavelet pattern 102 .
  • the EEG signal pattern is then analyzed to determine a time sequence with period variation A 0 , A 1 , A 2 . . . A n and amplitude settings with intensity variation C 1 -D 1 , C 2 -D 2 , C 3 -D 3 . . . C n -D n .
  • the power settings are determined by the magnitude of each EEG wave measured between the peak (C) and the prior trough (D).
  • the rTMS trigger pulse occurs at the peak of each wave determined by the wavelet analysis, and in FIG.
  • n 1 , that would involve “n” number of pulses—one pulse at A 1 , A 2 , . . . A n . It should be understood that n>1 and there could be more or less than 3 pulses per train of pulses depending on the EEG and wavelet data.
  • the timing of the pulses is shown by the T values T 1 , T 2 , and T n which are determined by the period between EEG waves depicted by the wavelet transform analysis. When targeting brain waves in the 8-13 Hz range the timing of the pulses will vary but will be between 75-125 milliseconds (ms).
  • FIG. 2 is a graph of power spectra of a patient's EEG and plots power 201 against frequency 202 showing pre-treatment 304 and a post-treatment 303 profiles.
  • a patient's EEG signal is identified by wavelet transform analysis it is used to program the rTMS apparatus to deliver the variable pulse interval settings to be used in that patient's rTMS treatment.
  • the present invention relates to an improved rTMS apparatus wherein the improvement comprises a means for delivering rTMS pulses as variable pulse intervals.
  • the rTMS apparatus is programmed to deliver variable pulse intervals.
  • the peak power or intensity delivered to a patient is below the patient's motor threshold and preferably at 40-90% of the patient's motor threshold while the rest of the pulse intensity varies proportional to the corresponding EEG signal wave amplitude.

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Abstract

A method of modulating a brain activity of a mammal is achieved by subjecting the mammal to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) with an rTMS apparatus at variable pulse intervals for a time sufficient to modulate said brain activity. Improvement in a physiological condition or a clinical condition is achieved. Conditions to be treated include but are not limited to PTSD, autism spectrum disorder and Alzheimer's disease. Wavelet transform analysis is used to determine the variable pulse intervals employed.

Description

  • The present application is a Divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/365,676 filed Mar. 27, 2019 the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
    • FIELD OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention relates to methods of modulating brain activity with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) wherein the rTMS is administered with variable pulse intervals for a time sufficient to modulate said brain activity wherein an improvement in a physiological condition or a clinical condition is achieved. The variable pulse interval settings are derived from a patient's EEG signal that has been extracted from analysis with a wavelet transform.
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • Transcranial magnetic stimulation and rTMS have been used to treat many psychological and medical disorders such as major depressive disorder, Parkinson's disease, PTSD, Alzheimer's disease, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia, pain management and others. Recently, Jin and Phillips, in US Patent Publication 2009/0082690, have disclosed a treatment protocol using rTMS where the output of the magnetic field is adjusted based on a patient's EEG intrinsic frequencies in an attempt to alter the patient's intrinsic EEG frequencies. U.S. Pat. No. 9,308,385 uses a different approach to administer rTMS by using a frequency based on a biological metric or an harmonic of a biological metric.
  • rTMS is delivered by an apparatus that is comprised of magnetic coils that provide pulsed magnetic fields. The frequencies and intensity can be varied if desired. Prior to the present invention rTMS treatments have consisted of the delivery of a single frequency at a set intensity. The present invention provides a novel rTMS delivery system that delivers rTMS with variable pulse intervals with multiple frequencies and variable output intensities.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • Briefly, in accordance with the present invention, the brain activity of a mammal is modulated by subjecting the mammal to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) with variable pulse intervals determined by individual EEG characteristics for a time sufficient to modulate said brain activity wherein an improvement in a physiological condition or a clinical condition is achieved. In one embodiment, the variable pulse intervals are determined by subjecting the mammal to an EEG to create an EEG data set and analyzing the EEG data set with a wavelet transform algorithm. The wavelet transform algorithm identifies a unique EEG signal pattern for the mammal/patient. The EEG signal pattern is then used to generate a sequence of TTL (transistor-transistor logic) or other triggering pulses to program the rTMS apparatus to provide variable pulse intervals and variable intensities. Brain activity to be modulated can be any one or more desired frequency bandwidth(s) and includes the brain frequency bandwidth of 3-7 Hz, the brain frequency bandwidth of 8-13 Hz, the brain frequency bandwidth of 15-20 Hz, and the brain frequency bandwidth of 35-45 Hz and any sub-bandwidth group within those ranges. If a frequency bandwidth between 8-13 Hz is targeted to treat a patient, the actual bandwidth used to treat that patient can be narrowed within that bandwidth range depending on the variation of patient's EEG oscillation intervals, such as, for example, 105 ms-110 ms, ie a frequency bandwidth between 9.1-9.5 Hz. Success in the modulation is achieved when the targeted frequency bandwidth has an increase in amplitude or relative power density in addition to improvement in symptoms associated with the clinical and physiological conditions being treated.
  • Physiological conditions and medical conditions that can be improved by modulating the brain activity according to the present invention are any conditions where abnormal brain activity contributes to a specific condition. Improvements are seen when the amplitude of the desired or targeted brain wave bands acquire an increase in amplitude or relative power density. Conditions that are treated include but are not limited to autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), memory impairment, depression, pain, addiction, Obsessive Compulsive disorders (OCD), anxiety, Parkinson's disease, hypertension, libido dysfunction, motor function abnormalities, small height in young children, stress, obesity, sleep disorders, eating disorders, concentration/focus abnormalities, speech abnormalities, intelligence deficits, cognition abnormalities, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders (ADHD), schizophrenia, coma, bipolar disorders, tinnitus, fibromyalgia, chronic Lyme disease, Rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases, gout, diabetes, arthritis, trauma rehab, athletic performance, cognitive improvement, and stroke.
  • Of particular interest in practicing the present invention, a patient is subjected to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) with variable pulse intervals for a time sufficient to modulate a brain activity in the patient where an improvement in a physiological condition or a clinical condition is achieved. The patient is subjected to an EEG to create an EEG data set. The EEG data set is analyzed with a wavelet transform. The extracted signal by wavelet transform analysis is then used to program the variable pulse intervals (frequencies and amplitudes) into the rTMS apparatus. The wavelet transform algorithm extracts a unique EEG signal and variable pulse interval profile that results in the desired improvements in the physiological or medical condition that is being treated.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 shows EEG raw data and extracted signal by a wavelet analysis.
  • FIG. 2 shows the results of a patient's EEG power spectra before and after treatment.
    •  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • The term “mammal” when used herein includes any mammal but especially humans. Non-human mammals include non-human primates, zoo animals, companion animals (dogs, cats) and performance animals such as race horses and breeding animals. Any reference to “humans” described herein will have applicability to other mammals that exhibit the same physiological or medical conditions. Any reference to “patient” when used herein has applicability to any mammal (preferably humans) that may experience the particular condition to which the patient reference is made.
  • In practicing the present invention, an EEG is conducted on a patient experiencing physiological conditions and/or medical conditions in need of treatment. The raw EEG data is analyzed with a wavelet transform algorithm resulting in a unique patient EEG wavelet signal. The pattern of the EEG wavelet signal is used to program the TTL pulses, or other triggers, generated by the rTMS apparatus into variable pulse intervals. rTMS is administered to the patient with variable pulse intervals for a time sufficient to modulate a brain activity which results in an improvement in the physiological condition or the clinical condition being treated. In a preferred embodiment variable pulse intervals are employed in an rTMS protocol used for a time sufficient to modulate a brain activity resulting in an improvement in a physiological condition or a clinical condition. Preferably, the treatments are administered daily or 5 days/week for a month after which the patient's progress will be re-evaluated. The variable pulse interval settings are achieved by programming the rTMS apparatus with the patient's EEG signal extracted by wavelet analysis to provide magnetic stimulation with variable pulse intervals. The specific brain activity, or brain wave frequency bandwidth, to be modulated is dictated by the patient's EEG. A preferred brain frequency bandwidth is 8-13 Hz. The maximum intensity setting of the magnetic pulses is generally limited to the patient's motor threshold or lower. It is preferred to set the peak pulse power/intensity of the rTMS to about 80% of the patient's motor threshold.
  • The rTMS treatments according to the present invention are administered according to well known protocols employing magnetic coils. The time of actual magnetic stimulation over a set period of time will vary based on each clinical presentation. It is preferred to administer the magnetic stimulation for six continuous seconds per minute of the rTMS session. Sessions can last from 15 to 60 minutes and preferably about 30 minutes. Magnetic coils are placed in close proximity or against a patient's head preferably adjacent to the area of the head where the desired brain frequency wavelengths predominate in the patient's brain. For example, if treating a patient with a frequency bandwidth in the 8-13 Hz range then the magnetic rTMS coils are generally placed against the frontal lobe area (forehead) of the patient where the variable pulse interval frequencies are administered. For treating a patient with variable pulse interval frequencies in more than one frequency bandwidth range, the magnetic coils are positioned adjacent to brain regions that the patient's EEG has identified as having poor coherence, low energy and/or regions that are non-synchronous.
  • Patients/mammals can be treated for any one or more of the brain wave frequency ranges described herein. When more than one brain wave frequency bandwidth range is targeted the rTMS variable pulsed intervals can be administered simultaneously or sequentially in one treatment session. When treating multiple brain wave frequency bandwidth ranges, the rTMS can be delivered by an rTMS device that can deliver variable pulsed interval frequencies to more than one area of the patient's head. Alternatively, multiple rTMS devices can be used to deliver the desired variable pulsed interval frequencies to the desired areas.
  • A patient in need of treatment is subjected to an EEG resulting in an EEG data set. The EEG data is then analyzed with a wavelet transform algorithm resulting in the patient's EEG signal pattern 102 (FIG. 1). The patient's EEG signal extracted by wavelet analysis is then used to determine the variable pulse intervals used in the patient's rTMS treatment.
  • Referring to FIG. 1, the EEG raw data profile 101 is analyzed with a wavelet transform algorithm resulting in the patient's individual wavelet pattern 102. The EEG signal pattern is then analyzed to determine a time sequence with period variation A0, A1, A2 . . . An and amplitude settings with intensity variation C1-D1, C2-D2, C3-D3 . . . Cn-Dn. The power settings are determined by the magnitude of each EEG wave measured between the peak (C) and the prior trough (D). The rTMS trigger pulse occurs at the peak of each wave determined by the wavelet analysis, and in FIG. 1, that would involve “n” number of pulses—one pulse at A1, A2, . . . An. It should be understood that n>1 and there could be more or less than 3 pulses per train of pulses depending on the EEG and wavelet data. The timing of the pulses is shown by the T values T1, T2, and Tn which are determined by the period between EEG waves depicted by the wavelet transform analysis. When targeting brain waves in the 8-13 Hz range the timing of the pulses will vary but will be between 75-125 milliseconds (ms).
  • FIG. 2 is a graph of power spectra of a patient's EEG and plots power 201 against frequency 202 showing pre-treatment 304 and a post-treatment 303 profiles.
  • Once a patient's EEG signal is identified by wavelet transform analysis it is used to program the rTMS apparatus to deliver the variable pulse interval settings to be used in that patient's rTMS treatment.
  • Additionally, the present invention relates to an improved rTMS apparatus wherein the improvement comprises a means for delivering rTMS pulses as variable pulse intervals. In one embodiment, the rTMS apparatus is programmed to deliver variable pulse intervals. Preferably the peak power or intensity delivered to a patient is below the patient's motor threshold and preferably at 40-90% of the patient's motor threshold while the rest of the pulse intensity varies proportional to the corresponding EEG signal wave amplitude.
  • The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.

Claims (7)

I claim:
1. Use of a repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) apparatus made to generate and deliver rTMS pulses at variable pulse intervals for the treatment of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and Alzheimer's Disease (AD),
2. The rTMS apparatus of claim 1 wherein the rTMS apparatus is programmed to deliver electromagnetic pulses at variable pulse intervals derived from a wavelet transform.
3. The rTMS apparatus of claim 2 used for the treatment of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), memory impairment, depression, pain, addiction, Obsessive Compulsive Disorders (OCD), anxiety, Parkinson's Disease (PD), hypertension, libido dysfunction,
motor function abnormalities, small height in young children, stress, obesity, sleep disorders, eating disorders, concentration/focus abnormalities, speech abnormalities, intelligence deficits, cognition abnormalities, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders (ADHD), schizophrenia, coma, bipolar disorders, tinnitus, fibromyalgia, chronic Lyme disease, Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), autoimmune diseases, gout, diabetes, arthritis, trauma rehab, athletic performance, cognitive improvement, and stroke.
4. An improved rTMS apparatus wherein the improvement comprises programming the rTMS apparatus to deliver rTMS pulses at variable pulse intervals.
5. The improved rTMS apparatus of claim 4 wherein the variable pulse intervals are derived from a wavelet transform.
6. An rTMS apparatus that generates magnetic pulses which comprises a program in the apparatus that generates magnetic pulses at variable pulse intervals.
7. The rTMS apparatus of claim 6 wherein the variable pulse intervals are derived from a wavelet transform.
US17/882,535 2018-04-08 2022-08-06 Magnetic Stimulation With Variable Pulsed Intervals Pending US20220370806A1 (en)

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