US20220065578A1 - Firearm with a cartridge - Google Patents
Firearm with a cartridge Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20220065578A1 US20220065578A1 US17/186,722 US202117186722A US2022065578A1 US 20220065578 A1 US20220065578 A1 US 20220065578A1 US 202117186722 A US202117186722 A US 202117186722A US 2022065578 A1 US2022065578 A1 US 2022065578A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- barrel
- firearm
- projectile
- cartridge
- gap
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
- F41A21/16—Barrels or gun tubes characterised by the shape of the bore
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
- F41A21/12—Cartridge chambers; Chamber liners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A15/00—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun
- F41A15/12—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for bolt-action guns
- F41A15/14—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for bolt-action guns the ejector being mounted on or within the bolt; Extractors per se
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
- F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
- F42B5/025—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile characterised by the dimension of the case or the missile
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B7/00—Shotgun ammunition
- F42B7/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile
- F42B7/10—Ball or slug shotgun cartridges
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
- F41A21/46—Barrels having means for separating sabots from projectiles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
- F42B10/02—Stabilising arrangements
- F42B10/26—Stabilising arrangements using spin
Definitions
- the invention relates to a firearm with a cartridge, which has a barrel with an inside surface, a barrel length that is measured from a chamber to a barrel muzzle, and a barrel shaft, wherein the cartridge has a single, sabot-free projectile with a peripheral surface.
- the invention relates to the use of such a firearm.
- Cartridges for firearms in general have either a number of small bullets, for example pellets, or, as in the case of this invention, a single projectile.
- projectiles are used whose outside diameter is equal in value to or slightly larger than the inside diameter (in the case of rifled barrels, larger than the inside clearance) of the barrel of the firearm, so that when fired, the projectiles seal the barrel.
- an arrow or dart can also be used, such as, for example, in the case of so-called kinetic energy penetrators. Since its outside diameter is considerably smaller than the inside diameter of the barrel, the projectile is equipped with a sabot, which seals the barrel of the firearm and prevents propellant from flowing past the projectile. The sabot is discarded after the projectile has left the barrel.
- wadding or patches are used. Such wadding or patches—even if this does not correspond to the technical term of a sabot—are classified as sabots within the framework of this invention since they seal the projectile relative to the barrel.
- the object of the invention is to make available a firearm with a cartridge of the above-mentioned type, which reduces the problems of the state of the art that are addressed.
- a firearm with a cartridge is to be made available that is lighter than firearms that are known from the state of the art.
- a gap that is open end-to-end in the direction of the barrel shaft is present.
- the projectile is stabilized in the barrel by the propellant flowing past it, so that a surprisingly high accuracy can be achieved. Also, the muzzle velocity of the projectiles is unexpectedly high, since not only the force of friction in the barrel is to be minimized or eliminated, but also the projectile is to be accelerated by the suction effect of the gases flowing past it.
- the minimum width of the gap that is measured in the radial direction of the barrel is preferably between 0.2 mm and 2 mm.
- the gap in the case of the invention can have a minimum width of at least 0.3 mm, in particular a minimum width of at least 0.5 mm, which width is measured in the radial direction of the barrel.
- the gap in the case of the invention can also have a minimum width of at most 1 mm, in particular a minimum width of at most 0.6 mm, which width is measured in the radial direction of the barrel. Any combinations of the indicated upper and lower limits of the gap width are possible.
- preferred limits for the gap width can also be defined, for example, so that the outside diameter of the projectile is at least 2%, preferably at least 5%, and in particular at least 10% smaller than the inside diameter of the barrel.
- the outside diameter of the projectile can also be at most 25%, especially preferably at most 10%, and in particular at most 5% smaller than the inside diameter of the barrel. Any combinations of the indicated upper and lower limits are possible.
- the difference between the inside diameter of the barrel and the outside diameter of the projectile is to be greater in the case of smaller calibers and smaller in the case of larger calibers, so that the gap width is not too small in the case of small calibers and not too large in the case of large calibers.
- the gap width is smaller in the case of smaller calibers and larger in the case of larger calibers.
- the inside surface of the barrel is essentially smooth.
- the largest diameter of the inside surface in a longitudinal section of the barrel is referred to as the inside diameter of the barrel in the case of a smooth rifled barrel.
- the inside surface of the barrel is structured or rough at least in places, i.e., at least in places, it has a flat surface that is structured with small projections or recesses of, for example, less than 0.2 mm in height or depth.
- a structuring in the form of, for example, scale-like, sawtooth-shaped, or cup-shaped projections or recesses can swirl the propellant in a targeted manner in order to be able to use flow parameter advantages that occur in this way.
- Embodiments are preferred in which the barrel has an essentially uniform inside diameter. Such barrels can be manufactured more easily.
- the barrel can, however, also have an inside diameter that changes along the length of the barrel.
- the barrel can have an inside diameter that narrows before the barrel muzzle.
- the pressure loss can be decreased by the gap that narrows, optionally reduced to a gap width of 0 mm, in the region before the muzzle, and the existing residual pressure can be used more effectively.
- the guiding of the projectile into the barrel and thus the accuracy of the weapon can be improved as a result.
- the barrel has an inside diameter that increases only at a distance of, for example, 5 to 10 cm from the chamber, at which point the gas pressure can be used optimally right after the chamber, and the advantages that arise because of the gap according to the invention only then take effect.
- arms that project radially inward from the inside surface are arranged on the inside surface of the barrel and that, measured in the peripheral direction, the arms adjoin the peripheral surface over at most 10%, in particular over at most 5%.
- the region with the largest diameter in a longitudinal section of the barrel is referred to as the inside surface of the barrel.
- the arms preferably run straight over the length of the barrel or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the barrel, i.e., in the direction of the barrel shaft.
- the maximum outside diameter of the projectile is only slightly smaller than or equal in value to the inside diameter of the arms.
- projections that run in the direction of the barrel shaft and that project radially outward from the peripheral surface are arranged on the peripheral surface of the projectile and that, measured in the peripheral direction, the projections adjoin the inside surface of the barrel over at most 10%, in particular over at most 5%. Advantages similar to those of a barrel with inward-projecting arms thus arise.
- cartridges that are known in principle is preferred, which cartridges have a sleeve in which a propelling charge that is used as propellant as well as the projectile are accommodated at least in sections.
- the firing of the propelling charge ensures that propellant is provided for expelling the projectile from the barrel.
- Embodiments are also possible, however, in the form of pneumatic weapons, in which the propellant is not provided by the propelling charge of a cartridge but rather, for example, from a gas tank, for example a capsule or gas cartridge.
- the chamber in which the projectile is accommodated is classified as a chamber and the projectile as a cartridge.
- the propelling charge of the cartridge has an offensive powder, in particular a flake or stick powder.
- An offensive powder burns especially quickly, so that even at the beginning of the burning process, a very high gas pressure develops, which then decreases faster in comparison to a less offensive powder.
- a powder that is also used in buckshot is suitable for this purpose in the invention.
- the projectile has an essentially spherical or oval shape or a cylindrical shape with a conical or ogival tip.
- the firearm with a cartridge within the framework of the invention is a small arm.
- the firearm can be a gun, such as a rifle or shotgun, or a handgun, for example a pistol. It is also conceivable, however, that the firearm is a cannon, a grenade launcher, an artillery piece, or a mortar.
- FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic side view of a firearm with a cartridge that is known from the state of the art, wherein the barrel is depicted in cutaway,
- FIG. 2 shows a diagrammatic side view of a firearm with a cartridge according to the invention with a barrel that is depicted in cutaway
- FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through the barrel of the firearm with a cartridge according to the invention in simplified depiction according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 4 shows a cross-section through the barrel of the firearm with a cartridge according to the invention in accordance with FIG. 3 ,
- FIGS. 5 and 6 show another embodiment of a barrel according to the invention in simplified depiction in a longitudinal section and in cross-section
- FIGS. 7 and 8 show a third embodiment of a barrel with arms according to the invention in simplified depiction in a longitudinal section and in cross-section, and
- FIGS. 9 and 10 show a fourth embodiment of a barrel with arms according to the invention in simplified depiction in a longitudinal section and in cross-section.
- FIG. 1 shows a conventional firearm 1 with a barrel 2 that is depicted in cutaway.
- the barrel 2 has an inside diameter D L .
- a cartridge 3 is located in a chamber 4 of the barrel 2 .
- the length of the barrel 2 that is measured in the direction of the barrel shaft from the front end of the chamber 4 to the muzzle 7 of the barrel 2 is referred to as barrel length L.
- the cartridge 3 has a projectile 5 with a maximum outside diameter D P , which is accommodated with a rear section in a sleeve 6 of the cartridge 3 .
- the sleeve 6 is filled with a propelling charge, which can be fired by a firing mechanism of the firearm 1 , not shown.
- propellant is produced, with which the projectile 5 is driven out of the barrel 2 by the gas pressure that is exerted by propellant.
- the projectile 5 has a maximum outside diameter D P that is essentially equal in value to or slightly larger than the inside diameter D L of the barrel 2 .
- FIG. 2 shows a firearm 1 with a cartridge 3 according to the invention, wherein the barrel 2 is also depicted in cutaway.
- the inside diameter D L of the smooth barrel 2 of the firearm 1 according to the invention that is depicted in FIG. 2 is larger than the maximum outside diameter D P of the projectile 5 .
- a gap 10 that is open end-to-end in the direction of the barrel shaft, which gap extends around the entire circumference of the projectile 5 .
- the maximum outside diameter D P of the projectile 5 is depicted much smaller than the inside diameter D L of the barrel 2 .
- the maximum outside diameter D P of the projectile 5 is only between 2% and 25%, in particular between 5% and 10%, smaller than the inside diameter D L of the barrel 2 .
- FIGS. 3 to 10 show the barrel 2 of the firearm 1 according to the invention in various embodiments, in each case one in a longitudinal section ( FIGS. 3, 5, 7, and 9 ) and in a cross-section ( FIGS. 4, 6, 8, and 10 ).
- the projectile 5 is depicted in FIGS. 3 to 10 after the firing of the propelling charge that is accommodated in the sleeve 6 , i.e., when the projectile 5 is expelled from the barrel 2 .
- the propellant flows past the projectile 5 through the gap 10 that is formed between the inside surface 8 of the barrel 2 and the peripheral surface 9 of the projectile 5 , as is depicted by the arrow 11 .
- the barrel 2 has an essentially uniform inside diameter D L over its length L.
- the width B of the gap 10 that is formed end-to-end between the inside surface 8 of the barrel 2 and the peripheral surface 9 of the projectile 5 is the same over the entire length L of the barrel 2 .
- the inside diameter D L of the barrel 2 increases continuously toward the muzzle 7 , so that from the chamber 4 to the muzzle 7 , the width B of the gap 10 between the inside surface 8 of the barrel 2 and the peripheral surface 9 of the projectile 5 also becomes greater and greater.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 show an embodiment of the firearm 1 according to the invention, in which arms 12 , which run in the longitudinal direction of the barrel 2 , i.e., in the direction of the barrel shaft, are arranged on the inside surface 8 of the barrel 2 .
- the gap 10 therefore does not extend around the entire circumference of the projectile 5 , but rather only over at least 90% of the circumference.
- the interruptions of the gap 10 by the width of the arms 12 are accordingly at most 10% of the circumference of the projectile 5 , but preferably less, for example less than 5% of the circumference, so that the friction between the front surfaces of the arms 12 and the peripheral surface 9 of the projectile 5 is as low as possible.
- the gap width B is determined by the height of the arms 12 in the embodiments of FIGS. 7 and 8 .
- the diameter D F of the guide channel 13 is only slightly larger than or equal in value to the maximum outside diameter D P of the projectile 5 .
- the projectile 5 is thus guided in the guide channel 13 , but the propellant can flow past the projectile 5 between the arms 12 through the gap 10 that is open end-to-end in the direction of the barrel shaft.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 The embodiment of the firearm 1 according to the invention that is depicted in FIGS. 9 and 10 is the same as the embodiment that is depicted in FIGS. 7 and 8 , except that an oval projectile 5 is used rather than a spherical one.
- the oval projectile 5 has fins 14 , which stabilize the projectile 5 in flight.
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Abstract
Description
- This application claims priority to AT Patent Application No. A 50748/2020 filed Sep. 2, 2020, the entire contents of each of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- The invention relates to a firearm with a cartridge, which has a barrel with an inside surface, a barrel length that is measured from a chamber to a barrel muzzle, and a barrel shaft, wherein the cartridge has a single, sabot-free projectile with a peripheral surface.
- In addition, the invention relates to the use of such a firearm.
- Cartridges for firearms in general have either a number of small bullets, for example pellets, or, as in the case of this invention, a single projectile.
- In the predominant number of cartridges with a projectile, projectiles are used whose outside diameter is equal in value to or slightly larger than the inside diameter (in the case of rifled barrels, larger than the inside clearance) of the barrel of the firearm, so that when fired, the projectiles seal the barrel. As a projectile, an arrow or dart can also be used, such as, for example, in the case of so-called kinetic energy penetrators. Since its outside diameter is considerably smaller than the inside diameter of the barrel, the projectile is equipped with a sabot, which seals the barrel of the firearm and prevents propellant from flowing past the projectile. The sabot is discarded after the projectile has left the barrel.
- With muzzle-loading weapons, even today, balls that are slightly smaller than the inside diameter of the barrel were and are fired. In order to allow as gas-tight an arrangement as possible in the barrel, wadding or patches are used. Such wadding or patches—even if this does not correspond to the technical term of a sabot—are classified as sabots within the framework of this invention since they seal the projectile relative to the barrel.
- There was therefore always an effort to prevent propellant from flowing past the projectile over the entire barrel length, so that the gas pressure is exploited as much as possible.
- This means that the weapons have to be equipped over their entire length with a relatively thick-walled barrel, since the barrel has to withstand—over its entire length—the gas pressure, which decreases over the length but is always still significant in the region before the barrel muzzle. This has a major impact on the overall weight and on the material costs of the barrel and thus the firearm.
- In particular, in the case of small arms, which are used in armed conflicts, the weight of the weapons plays a major role, since soldiers must often carry the latter over long distances. However, firefights, in particular in urban scenarios, often happen at short range, so that in this case, maximum efficiency in terms of firing as many rounds as possible into a strike zone is more important than high precision.
- The object of the invention is to make available a firearm with a cartridge of the above-mentioned type, which reduces the problems of the state of the art that are addressed. In particular, a firearm with a cartridge is to be made available that is lighter than firearms that are known from the state of the art.
- This object is achieved according to the invention by a firearm with a cartridge that has the features of
claim 1. - In addition, this object is achieved by the use of a firearm with the features of claim 16.
- Preferred and advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject matter of the subclaims.
- According to the invention, it is provided that along at least 90% of the barrel length and over at least 90% of the circumference of the projectile between the peripheral surface of the projectile and the inside surface of the barrel, a gap that is open end-to-end in the direction of the barrel shaft is present.
- Since, when the projectile is expelled from the barrel, propellant flows past the projectile through the gap that is open end-to-end in the direction of the barrel shaft, the gas pressure behind the projectile is already considerably lower after a short travel of the projectile than in the case of conventional firearms. Therefore, in the case of the firearm according to the invention, in particular after a short or increasing distance from the chamber, a thinner-walled and thus lighter barrel in comparison to conventional firearms can be used.
- In the case of the firearm according to the invention, the projectile is stabilized in the barrel by the propellant flowing past it, so that a surprisingly high accuracy can be achieved. Also, the muzzle velocity of the projectiles is unexpectedly high, since not only the force of friction in the barrel is to be minimized or eliminated, but also the projectile is to be accelerated by the suction effect of the gases flowing past it.
- The minimum width of the gap that is measured in the radial direction of the barrel is preferably between 0.2 mm and 2 mm.
- In particular, the gap in the case of the invention can have a minimum width of at least 0.3 mm, in particular a minimum width of at least 0.5 mm, which width is measured in the radial direction of the barrel. In particular, the gap in the case of the invention can also have a minimum width of at most 1 mm, in particular a minimum width of at most 0.6 mm, which width is measured in the radial direction of the barrel. Any combinations of the indicated upper and lower limits of the gap width are possible.
- In the invention, preferred limits for the gap width can also be defined, for example, so that the outside diameter of the projectile is at least 2%, preferably at least 5%, and in particular at least 10% smaller than the inside diameter of the barrel. Depending on the caliber, the outside diameter of the projectile can also be at most 25%, especially preferably at most 10%, and in particular at most 5% smaller than the inside diameter of the barrel. Any combinations of the indicated upper and lower limits are possible.
- It is understood that the indicated limits of the gap width and diameter differences can also be exceeded or can fall short in particular—but not only—in the case of especially small and especially large calibers.
- In particular, however, according to the invention, the difference between the inside diameter of the barrel and the outside diameter of the projectile is to be greater in the case of smaller calibers and smaller in the case of larger calibers, so that the gap width is not too small in the case of small calibers and not too large in the case of large calibers. In particular, however, in the invention, the gap width is smaller in the case of smaller calibers and larger in the case of larger calibers.
- It is especially preferred when the inside surface of the barrel is essentially smooth. Within the framework of the invention, the largest diameter of the inside surface in a longitudinal section of the barrel is referred to as the inside diameter of the barrel in the case of a smooth rifled barrel.
- It is also possible within the framework of the invention, however, that the inside surface of the barrel is structured or rough at least in places, i.e., at least in places, it has a flat surface that is structured with small projections or recesses of, for example, less than 0.2 mm in height or depth. Such a structuring in the form of, for example, scale-like, sawtooth-shaped, or cup-shaped projections or recesses can swirl the propellant in a targeted manner in order to be able to use flow parameter advantages that occur in this way.
- Embodiments are preferred in which the barrel has an essentially uniform inside diameter. Such barrels can be manufactured more easily.
- In an alternative embodiment, the barrel can, however, also have an inside diameter that changes along the length of the barrel. In particular, the barrel can have an inside diameter that narrows before the barrel muzzle. Thus, the pressure loss can be decreased by the gap that narrows, optionally reduced to a gap width of 0 mm, in the region before the muzzle, and the existing residual pressure can be used more effectively. Also, the guiding of the projectile into the barrel and thus the accuracy of the weapon can be improved as a result. Additionally or alternatively, it is possible that the barrel has an inside diameter that increases only at a distance of, for example, 5 to 10 cm from the chamber, at which point the gas pressure can be used optimally right after the chamber, and the advantages that arise because of the gap according to the invention only then take effect.
- According to the invention, it is also possible that arms that project radially inward from the inside surface are arranged on the inside surface of the barrel and that, measured in the peripheral direction, the arms adjoin the peripheral surface over at most 10%, in particular over at most 5%.
- In this case, the region with the largest diameter in a longitudinal section of the barrel is referred to as the inside surface of the barrel.
- The arms preferably run straight over the length of the barrel or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the barrel, i.e., in the direction of the barrel shaft. In the case of such a barrel, the maximum outside diameter of the projectile is only slightly smaller than or equal in value to the inside diameter of the arms. Thus, the propellant can flow past the projectile through the offset gap that is formed between the arms, while the projectile is guided simultaneously through the arms into the barrel.
- When the projectile adjoins only the comparatively narrow front surfaces of the arms, only a very low frictional resistance has to be overcome as the projectile is expelled from the barrel, but an improved guiding of the projectiles into the barrel and thus an improved accuracy are provided.
- Alternatively, it is also possible that projections that run in the direction of the barrel shaft and that project radially outward from the peripheral surface are arranged on the peripheral surface of the projectile and that, measured in the peripheral direction, the projections adjoin the inside surface of the barrel over at most 10%, in particular over at most 5%. Advantages similar to those of a barrel with inward-projecting arms thus arise.
- In the invention, the use of cartridges that are known in principle is preferred, which cartridges have a sleeve in which a propelling charge that is used as propellant as well as the projectile are accommodated at least in sections. The firing of the propelling charge ensures that propellant is provided for expelling the projectile from the barrel.
- Embodiments are also possible, however, in the form of pneumatic weapons, in which the propellant is not provided by the propelling charge of a cartridge but rather, for example, from a gas tank, for example a capsule or gas cartridge. In the case of such firearms, in terms of the invention, the chamber in which the projectile is accommodated is classified as a chamber and the projectile as a cartridge.
- It is especially preferred when the propelling charge of the cartridge has an offensive powder, in particular a flake or stick powder. An offensive powder burns especially quickly, so that even at the beginning of the burning process, a very high gas pressure develops, which then decreases faster in comparison to a less offensive powder. In particular, a powder that is also used in buckshot is suitable for this purpose in the invention.
- Preferred are embodiments in which the projectile has an essentially spherical or oval shape or a cylindrical shape with a conical or ogival tip.
- In particular, the firearm with a cartridge within the framework of the invention is a small arm. For example, the firearm can be a gun, such as a rifle or shotgun, or a handgun, for example a pistol. It is also conceivable, however, that the firearm is a cannon, a grenade launcher, an artillery piece, or a mortar.
- Additional details, features, and advantages of the invention follow from the description below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are depicted. Here:
-
FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic side view of a firearm with a cartridge that is known from the state of the art, wherein the barrel is depicted in cutaway, -
FIG. 2 shows a diagrammatic side view of a firearm with a cartridge according to the invention with a barrel that is depicted in cutaway, -
FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through the barrel of the firearm with a cartridge according to the invention in simplified depiction according to a first embodiment, -
FIG. 4 shows a cross-section through the barrel of the firearm with a cartridge according to the invention in accordance withFIG. 3 , -
FIGS. 5 and 6 show another embodiment of a barrel according to the invention in simplified depiction in a longitudinal section and in cross-section, -
FIGS. 7 and 8 show a third embodiment of a barrel with arms according to the invention in simplified depiction in a longitudinal section and in cross-section, and -
FIGS. 9 and 10 show a fourth embodiment of a barrel with arms according to the invention in simplified depiction in a longitudinal section and in cross-section. -
FIG. 1 shows aconventional firearm 1 with abarrel 2 that is depicted in cutaway. Thebarrel 2 has an inside diameter DL. A cartridge 3 is located in achamber 4 of thebarrel 2. The length of thebarrel 2 that is measured in the direction of the barrel shaft from the front end of thechamber 4 to themuzzle 7 of thebarrel 2 is referred to as barrel length L. - The
cartridge 3 has a projectile 5 with a maximum outside diameter DP, which is accommodated with a rear section in asleeve 6 of thecartridge 3. In addition, thesleeve 6 is filled with a propelling charge, which can be fired by a firing mechanism of thefirearm 1, not shown. When firing the propelling charge, propellant is produced, with which theprojectile 5 is driven out of thebarrel 2 by the gas pressure that is exerted by propellant. - In the case of a
conventional firearm 1 as depicted inFIG. 1 , theprojectile 5 has a maximum outside diameter DP that is essentially equal in value to or slightly larger than the inside diameter DL of thebarrel 2. -
FIG. 2 shows afirearm 1 with acartridge 3 according to the invention, wherein thebarrel 2 is also depicted in cutaway. - The inside diameter DL of the
smooth barrel 2 of thefirearm 1 according to the invention that is depicted inFIG. 2 is larger than the maximum outside diameter DP of theprojectile 5. Between aninside surface 8 of the barrel and aperipheral surface 9 of theprojectile 5, there is therefore agap 10 that is open end-to-end in the direction of the barrel shaft, which gap extends around the entire circumference of theprojectile 5. Thus, when theprojectile 5 is expelled from thebarrel 2, the propellant can flow past through thegap 10 between aninside surface 8 of thebarrel 2 and theperipheral surface 9 of theprojectile 5. - In
FIG. 2 , for better illustration, the maximum outside diameter DP of theprojectile 5 is depicted much smaller than the inside diameter DL of thebarrel 2. Actually, however, embodiments are preferred in which the maximum outside diameter DP of theprojectile 5 is only between 2% and 25%, in particular between 5% and 10%, smaller than the inside diameter DL of thebarrel 2. -
FIGS. 3 to 10 show thebarrel 2 of thefirearm 1 according to the invention in various embodiments, in each case one in a longitudinal section (FIGS. 3, 5, 7, and 9 ) and in a cross-section (FIGS. 4, 6, 8, and 10 ). - The
projectile 5 is depicted inFIGS. 3 to 10 after the firing of the propelling charge that is accommodated in thesleeve 6, i.e., when theprojectile 5 is expelled from thebarrel 2. The propellant flows past theprojectile 5 through thegap 10 that is formed between theinside surface 8 of thebarrel 2 and theperipheral surface 9 of theprojectile 5, as is depicted by thearrow 11. - In the embodiment according to
FIGS. 3 and 4 , thebarrel 2 has an essentially uniform inside diameter DL over its length L. The width B of thegap 10 that is formed end-to-end between theinside surface 8 of thebarrel 2 and theperipheral surface 9 of theprojectile 5 is the same over the entire length L of thebarrel 2. - In the embodiment depicted in
FIGS. 5 and 6 , the inside diameter DL of thebarrel 2 increases continuously toward themuzzle 7, so that from thechamber 4 to themuzzle 7, the width B of thegap 10 between theinside surface 8 of thebarrel 2 and theperipheral surface 9 of the projectile 5 also becomes greater and greater. -
FIGS. 7 and 8 show an embodiment of thefirearm 1 according to the invention, in whicharms 12, which run in the longitudinal direction of thebarrel 2, i.e., in the direction of the barrel shaft, are arranged on theinside surface 8 of thebarrel 2. Thegap 10 therefore does not extend around the entire circumference of theprojectile 5, but rather only over at least 90% of the circumference. The interruptions of thegap 10 by the width of thearms 12 are accordingly at most 10% of the circumference of theprojectile 5, but preferably less, for example less than 5% of the circumference, so that the friction between the front surfaces of thearms 12 and theperipheral surface 9 of theprojectile 5 is as low as possible. The gap width B is determined by the height of thearms 12 in the embodiments ofFIGS. 7 and 8 . - Front sides of the
arms 12 that are directed radially inward form aguide channel 13, which has a diameter DF. The diameter DF of theguide channel 13 is only slightly larger than or equal in value to the maximum outside diameter DP of theprojectile 5. Theprojectile 5 is thus guided in theguide channel 13, but the propellant can flow past theprojectile 5 between thearms 12 through thegap 10 that is open end-to-end in the direction of the barrel shaft. - The embodiment of the
firearm 1 according to the invention that is depicted inFIGS. 9 and 10 is the same as the embodiment that is depicted inFIGS. 7 and 8 , except that anoval projectile 5 is used rather than a spherical one. Theoval projectile 5 hasfins 14, which stabilize the projectile 5 in flight. - The depicted embodiments represent only preferred embodiments of the
firearm 1 with acartridge 3 according to the invention. Combinations that arise therefrom are also conceivable within the framework of the invention. -
- 1 Firearm
- 2 Barrel
- 3 Cartridge
- 4 Chamber
- 5 Projectile
- 6 Sleeve
- 7 Muzzle
- 8 Inside Surface of the Barrel
- 9 Peripheral Surface of the Projectile
- 10 Gap
- 11 Arrow
- 12 Arm
- 13 Guide Channel
- 14 Projection
- B Gap Width
- L Length of the Barrel
- DP Outside Diameter of the Projectile
- DL Inside Diameter of the Barrel
- DF Diameter of the Guide Channel
Claims (20)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATA50748/2020A AT523170B1 (en) | 2020-09-02 | 2020-09-02 | Firearm with cartridge |
ATA50748/2020 | 2020-09-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20220065578A1 true US20220065578A1 (en) | 2022-03-03 |
Family
ID=74856861
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US17/186,722 Pending US20220065578A1 (en) | 2020-09-02 | 2021-02-26 | Firearm with a cartridge |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20220065578A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP4208685A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2023539621A (en) |
AT (1) | AT523170B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2021335240A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112023002505A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA3189145A1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL301054A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2022048798A1 (en) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3067680A (en) * | 1957-12-13 | 1962-12-11 | Robert G Lahr | Toy cartridges and toy projectiles therefor |
US20050183318A1 (en) * | 2004-01-12 | 2005-08-25 | Mcgivern Kenneth J. | Muzzle loading firearm, gun barrel design, projectile system and method of using thereof |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US35443A (en) * | 1862-06-03 | Improvement in ordnance | ||
US157008A (en) * | 1874-11-17 | Improvement in gun-barrels | ||
FR1529742A (en) * | 1967-04-27 | 1968-06-21 | Improvements to mortar tubes and projectiles | |
DE19925676C1 (en) * | 1999-06-04 | 2000-08-10 | Heckler & Koch Gmbh | Hand gun for firing bottle-shaped cartridges has exchangeable original barrel with cartridge magazine and breech block which for cartridge ignition has only main distance |
US20120131836A1 (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-05-31 | Smith & Wesson Corp. | Enhanced life barrel |
US9395163B2 (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2016-07-19 | Randy R. Fritz | Hollow slug and casing |
RU192402U1 (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-09-16 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина" | ARTILLERY PROBLEM WITH STABILIZATION DEVICE FOR SMOOTH GUN |
-
2020
- 2020-09-02 AT ATA50748/2020A patent/AT523170B1/en active
-
2021
- 2021-02-26 US US17/186,722 patent/US20220065578A1/en active Pending
- 2021-03-02 CA CA3189145A patent/CA3189145A1/en active Pending
- 2021-03-02 EP EP21709668.4A patent/EP4208685A1/en active Pending
- 2021-03-02 BR BR112023002505A patent/BR112023002505A2/en unknown
- 2021-03-02 AU AU2021335240A patent/AU2021335240A1/en active Pending
- 2021-03-02 IL IL301054A patent/IL301054A/en unknown
- 2021-03-02 JP JP2023513675A patent/JP2023539621A/en active Pending
- 2021-03-02 WO PCT/EP2021/055196 patent/WO2022048798A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3067680A (en) * | 1957-12-13 | 1962-12-11 | Robert G Lahr | Toy cartridges and toy projectiles therefor |
US20050183318A1 (en) * | 2004-01-12 | 2005-08-25 | Mcgivern Kenneth J. | Muzzle loading firearm, gun barrel design, projectile system and method of using thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
Fei-fei Liu et al, "Study on the influence of projectile on muzzle disturbance", 31 July 2018, Defence Technology, Entire Article, <https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221491471830309X?via%3Dihub>. (Year: 2018) * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AT523170B1 (en) | 2021-06-15 |
AU2021335240A8 (en) | 2023-05-11 |
AU2021335240A1 (en) | 2023-03-23 |
BR112023002505A2 (en) | 2023-04-04 |
JP2023539621A (en) | 2023-09-15 |
EP4208685A1 (en) | 2023-07-12 |
WO2022048798A1 (en) | 2022-03-10 |
AT523170A4 (en) | 2021-06-15 |
CA3189145A1 (en) | 2022-03-10 |
IL301054A (en) | 2023-05-01 |
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