US20220063577A1 - Electrohydraulic power vehicle braking system for an autonomously driving land vehicle - Google Patents
Electrohydraulic power vehicle braking system for an autonomously driving land vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- US20220063577A1 US20220063577A1 US17/413,375 US201917413375A US2022063577A1 US 20220063577 A1 US20220063577 A1 US 20220063577A1 US 201917413375 A US201917413375 A US 201917413375A US 2022063577 A1 US2022063577 A1 US 2022063577A1
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- power
- brake pressure
- pressure generator
- braking system
- vehicle braking
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
- B60T17/06—Applications or arrangements of reservoirs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
- B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
- B60T8/40—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the braking system
- B60T8/4072—Systems in which a driver input signal is used as a control signal for the additional fluid circuit which is normally used for braking
- B60T8/4081—Systems with stroke simulating devices for driver input
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
- B60T13/66—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/68—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves
- B60T13/686—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves in hydraulic systems or parts thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
- B60T13/745—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive acting on a hydraulic system, e.g. a master cylinder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T15/00—Construction arrangement, or operation of valves incorporated in power brake systems and not covered by groups B60T11/00 or B60T13/00
- B60T15/02—Application and release valves
- B60T15/04—Driver's valves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
- B60T17/02—Arrangements of pumps or compressors, or control devices therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
- B60T7/02—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
- B60T7/04—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated
- B60T7/042—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated by electrical means, e.g. using travel or force sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/81—Braking systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrohydraulic power vehicle braking system for a land vehicle driving autonomously on public roads.
- the designation “autonomously driving” relates to the option of driving autonomously, however the vehicle braking system according to the present invention is also usable for land vehicles not driving autonomously or driving autonomously at a lower level.
- German Patent Application No. DE 10 2014 220 440 A1 describes an electrohydraulic power vehicle braking system including two brake units, which both include a respective power brake pressure generator including an electrically controllable pressure source and a brake pressure control valve system for each wheel brake.
- One brake unit is connected to the other brake unit, and hydraulic wheel brakes are connected to the one brake unit, so that the wheel brakes are actuatable with the aid of the one brake unit and, through the one brake unit, with the aid of the other brake unit.
- the respective active brake unit regulates the wheel brake pressures in the wheel brakes.
- the electrohydraulic power vehicle braking system according to the present invention is provided for an autonomous driving up to Levels 4 and 5 on public roads.
- Level 4 is also referred to as highly automated driving and means that the guidance of a vehicle is permanently taken over by an electronic system, and a driver is only prompted to intervene when the system no longer copes with the driving tasks.
- Level 5 is also referred to as full automation and does not require a driver.
- the vehicle braking system according to the present invention is also usable for lower levels and for non-autonomous driving.
- the electrohydraulic power vehicle braking system includes two redundant power brake pressure generators to which one or multiple hydraulic wheel brake(s) is/are connected, so that they are selectively actuatable with the aid of one of the two, or with the aid of both, power brake pressure generators.
- Both power brake pressure generators are connected to an, in particular, depressurized brake fluid reservoir, it being possible for the two power brake pressure generators to be connected together to a brake fluid reservoir or in each case to a dedicated brake fluid reservoir.
- a first of the two power brake pressure generators is connected directly, i.e., without an interposed valve, to the brake fluid reservoir and/or a second of the two power brake pressure generators is connected by one or multiple valve(s) to the brake fluid reservoir.
- the second power brake pressure generator is preferably connected to the brake fluid reservoir by a check valve, through which a flow is possible in the direction from the brake fluid reservoir to the second power brake pressure generator, and/or by a power-operated valve.
- the valve is, in particular, a solenoid valve. If present, the check valve and the or also multiple power-operated valve(s) are preferably hydraulically connected in series.
- the vehicle braking system may include one or multiple brake circuit(s), each including one or multiple wheel brake(s).
- the vehicle braking system in particular, includes two brake circuits, each including two wheel brakes.
- a brake pressure control valve system for a preferably wheel-specific regulation of wheel brake pressures in the wheel brakes.
- brake pressure control valve systems are conventional and usually, even though this is not mandatory for the present invention, include an intake valve and a discharge valve for each wheel brake, possibly also for groups of wheel brakes or for all wheel brakes. The intake valve and the discharge valve may also be combined into one valve.
- slip controls such as anti-lock braking, anti-slip and vehicle dynamics controls/electronic stability programs are possible with the aid of the brake pressure control valve system, for which the abbreviations ABS, ASR and VDC/ESP are common.
- Vehicle dynamics control systems which are also referred to as electronic stability programs, are also colloquially referred to as anti-skid control systems.
- the brake pressure control valve system is connected by a valve to the first power brake pressure generator and/or directly to the second power brake pressure generator so that, by closing of the valve, the brake pressure control valve system is disconnectable from the first power brake pressure generator for an actuation of the vehicle braking system with the aid of a master brake cylinder, if present, and/or with the aid of the second power brake pressure generator.
- the vehicle braking system according to the present invention is preferably designed in such a way that, as a result of the disconnection of the brake pressure control valve system from the first power brake pressure generator, the wheel brakes are also disconnected from the first power brake pressure generator, and the wheel brake pressures in the wheel brakes, during an actuation of the vehicle braking system, are regulatable with the aid of the master brake cylinder and/or the second power brake pressure generator.
- the wheel brakes are connected by discharge valves, which, in particular, form parts of the brake pressure control valve system, to the first power brake pressure generator and/or to the second power brake pressure generator.
- brake fluid does not flow out of the wheel brake(s) and back into the, in particular, depressurized brake fluid reservoir, but to the power brake pressure generators. In this way, the brake pressure does not need to be newly built up for a subsequent renewed increase in the wheel brake pressures, but only the existing brake pressure has to be increased.
- the vehicle braking system preferably includes a muscle power or auxiliary force brake pressure generator, in addition to the two power brake pressure generators.
- “Auxiliary force” shall be understood to mean a muscle power actuation supported by a brake booster.
- the muscle power or auxiliary force brake pressure generator is, in particular, a master brake cylinder actuatable with the aid of a hand brake lever or a foot brake pedal, which in the case of a power actuation of the vehicle braking system serves as a setpoint generator for a brake pressure of the vehicle braking system.
- a muscle power or auxiliary force brake application may, in particular, be provided for the case of a malfunction or a failure of one or both power brake pressure generator(s) during a non-autonomous, but driver-guided driving.
- the sole figure shows a hydraulic circuit diagram of an electrohydraulic power vehicle braking system according to an example embodiment of the present invention.
- the electrohydraulic power vehicle braking system 1 according to an example embodiment of the present invention shown in the figure is provided for a land vehicle driving autonomously up to Levels 4 or 5 on public roads, namely a passenger car.
- Level 4 means an autonomous driving, a driver possibly being prompted to intervene
- Level 5, the highest level means an autonomous driving which does not necessitate a driver intervention. Lower levels and non-autonomous driving are possible.
- Vehicle braking system 1 is designed as a dual-circuit braking system including four hydraulic wheel brakes 2 , of which two in each case are connected to one of the two brake circuits.
- Vehicle braking system 1 includes a first power brake pressure generator 3 and a second power brake pressure generator 4 .
- the two power brake pressure generators 3 , 4 are redundant, and vehicle braking system 1 may be selectively actuated with the aid of one or also both power brake pressure generator(s) 3 , 4 .
- first power brake pressure generator 3 includes a piston-cylinder unit 5 , whose piston 6 is axially displaceable in a cylinder 9 for generating a brake pressure with the aid of an electric motor 7 via a threaded drive 8 or another rotation/translation conversion gear.
- Piston-cylinder unit 5 may also be referred to as a plunger unit, and piston 6 may be referred to as a plunger piston.
- cylinder 7 of piston-cylinder unit 5 of first power brake pressure generator 3 is connected directly, i.e., without interposition of a valve, to a depressurized brake fluid reservoir 10 .
- Wheel brakes 2 are connected to first power brake pressure generator 3 , more precisely to cylinder 9 of piston-cylinder unit 5 of first power brake pressure generator 3 , via valves referred to as plunger valves 11 here, first separating valves 12 , and a brake pressure control valve system 13 .
- plunger valves 11 are hydraulically situated in parallel
- first separating valves 12 are also hydraulically situated in parallel
- a plunger valve 11 and a first separating valve 12 are each hydraulically connected in series.
- two wheel brakes 2 are in each case connected to first power brake pressure generator 3 via a plunger valve 11 and a first separating valve 12 .
- Second power brake pressure generator 4 includes a hydraulic pump 14 , for example a piston pump or an (internal) gear pump, which together are drivable by an electric motor 15 , in each brake circuit.
- a hydraulic pump 14 for example a piston pump or an (internal) gear pump, which together are drivable by an electric motor 15 , in each brake circuit.
- Two of wheel brakes 2 are in each case connected via an intake valve 16 for each wheel brake 2 to a pressure side of one of hydraulic pumps 14 .
- each of wheel brakes 2 is connected to suction sides of hydraulic pumps 14 of second power brake pressure generator 4 , wheel brakes 2 being connected via discharge valves 17 to the suction side of the same hydraulic pump 14 to whose pressure side they are connected via the intake valves 16 .
- Hydraulic accumulators 18 are connected on the suction sides of hydraulic pumps 14 between discharge valves 17 and hydraulic pumps 14 .
- the suction sides of hydraulic pumps 14 of second power brake pressure generator 4 are connected to brake fluid reservoir 10 by a respective check valve 19 , through which a flow is possible in the direction from brake fluid reservoir 10 to the respective hydraulic pump 14 , and a suction valve 20 , so that a brake pressure generation for actuating wheel brakes 2 with the aid of second power brake pressure generator 4 is possible with open suction valves 20 .
- the present invention is not limited to the described power brake pressure generators 3 , 4 , and other embodiments of the power brake pressure generators are possible (not shown).
- vehicle braking system 1 may selectively be actuated with the aid of each of the two power brake pressure generators 3 , 4 so that, in the event of a failure or a malfunction of one of the two power brake pressure generators 3 , 4 , vehicle braking system 1 may be actuated without a driver intervention by external power with the aid of the other of the two power brake pressure generators 3 , 4 .
- Such a redundancy of the power actuation of vehicle braking system 1 is a prerequisite for an autonomous driving at Levels 4 and 5.
- Intake valves 16 and discharge valves 17 form brake pressure control valve system 13 with the aid of which the wheel brake pressures in each wheel brake 2 may be individually regulated.
- slip controls in particular, anti-lock braking, anti-slip and/or a vehicle dynamics controls or an electronic stability program, are possible.
- ABS, ASR and/or VDC/ESP are common for these slip controls, and vehicle dynamics control systems and electronic stability programs are also colloquially referred to as anti-skid control systems.
- Such slip controls are conventional and are not discussed in greater detail here.
- Vehicle braking system 1 includes a dual-circuit master brake cylinder 22 , actuatable with the aid of a foot brake pedal 21 , as a muscle power brake pressure generator, to which wheel brakes 2 in each brake circuit are connected in each case via a second separating valve 23 , first separating valves 12 , and intake valves 16 of brake pressure control valve system 13 , so that vehicle braking system 1 is also actuatable by muscle power by a vehicle driver.
- Second separating valves 23 , first separating valves 12 , and intake valves 16 are hydraulically situated in series.
- an actuation of vehicle braking system 1 by external power is provided, a brake pressure being generated with the aid of first power brake pressure generator 3 and, in the event of a malfunction or a failure of first power brake pressure generator 3 , with the aid of second power brake pressure generator 4 .
- the sequence of the brake pressure generation may also be reversed.
- Master brake cylinder 15 serves as a setpoint generator for the wheel brake pressures in wheel brakes 2 during a driver operation, the brake pressure being generated with the aid of one of the two power brake pressure generators 3 , 4 , and the level of the brake pressure being controlled or regulated with the aid of piston 6 of piston-cylinder unit 5 of first power brake pressure generator 3 when it generates the brake pressure and/or with the aid of brake pressure control valve system 13 .
- the setpoint value for the wheel brake pressures comes from an autonomous vehicle guidance.
- the brake pressure may be generated with the aid of second power brake pressure generator 4 or with the aid of master brake cylinder 22 in the event of a malfunction or a failure of first power brake pressure generator 3 .
- a pedal travel simulator 24 is connected via a simulator valve 25 to master brake cylinder 22 in one of the two brake circuits.
- Pedal travel simulator 24 is a spring-loaded hydraulic accumulator in which, with an open simulator valve 25 , brake fluid may be displaced from master brake cylinder 22 so that, during a power brake application during which second separating valves 23 are closed, a piston in master brake cylinder 22 is displaceable, and foot brake pedal 22 is movable, to convey to the vehicle driver a customary pedal sensation.
- plunger valves 11 , first separating valves 12 , intake valves 16 , discharge valves 17 , suction valves 20 , second separating valves 23 , and simulator valve 25 are 2/2-way solenoid valves, first separating valves 12 , intake valves 16 , and second separating valves 23 being open in their de-energized basic positions, and plunger valves 11 , discharge valves 17 , suction valves 20 , and simulator valve 25 being closed in their de-energized basic positions.
- intake valves 13 are designed as proportional valves, however this is not mandatory for the present invention.
- Other embodiments of the valves are not precluded.
- a combination of intake valves 16 and of discharge valves 17 into 3/2 solenoid valves is also possible (not shown).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
- Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)
- Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to an electrohydraulic power vehicle braking system for a land vehicle driving autonomously on public roads. The designation “autonomously driving” relates to the option of driving autonomously, however the vehicle braking system according to the present invention is also usable for land vehicles not driving autonomously or driving autonomously at a lower level.
- A power vehicle braking system including redundancies which precludes a complete failure of the vehicle braking system with a probability bordering on certainty, without necessitating a driver intervention, is necessary for autonomous driving up to Level 4 (driver may be prompted to intervene) and Level 5 (highest level; no driver required).
- German Patent Application No. DE 10 2014 220 440 A1 describes an electrohydraulic power vehicle braking system including two brake units, which both include a respective power brake pressure generator including an electrically controllable pressure source and a brake pressure control valve system for each wheel brake. One brake unit is connected to the other brake unit, and hydraulic wheel brakes are connected to the one brake unit, so that the wheel brakes are actuatable with the aid of the one brake unit and, through the one brake unit, with the aid of the other brake unit. In the event of a malfunction or a failure of one brake unit, the wheel brakes are thus actuatable without driver intervention with the aid of the other brake unit. The respective active brake unit regulates the wheel brake pressures in the wheel brakes.
- The electrohydraulic power vehicle braking system according to the present invention is provided for an autonomous driving up to Levels 4 and 5 on public roads. Level 4 is also referred to as highly automated driving and means that the guidance of a vehicle is permanently taken over by an electronic system, and a driver is only prompted to intervene when the system no longer copes with the driving tasks. Level 5 is also referred to as full automation and does not require a driver. The vehicle braking system according to the present invention, however, is also usable for lower levels and for non-autonomous driving.
- The electrohydraulic power vehicle braking system according to an example embodiment of the present invention includes two redundant power brake pressure generators to which one or multiple hydraulic wheel brake(s) is/are connected, so that they are selectively actuatable with the aid of one of the two, or with the aid of both, power brake pressure generators. In this way, a power brake application is possible without driver intervention in the event of a malfunction or a failure of one of the two power brake pressure generators. Both power brake pressure generators are connected to an, in particular, depressurized brake fluid reservoir, it being possible for the two power brake pressure generators to be connected together to a brake fluid reservoir or in each case to a dedicated brake fluid reservoir.
- Preferably, a first of the two power brake pressure generators is connected directly, i.e., without an interposed valve, to the brake fluid reservoir and/or a second of the two power brake pressure generators is connected by one or multiple valve(s) to the brake fluid reservoir.
- The second power brake pressure generator is preferably connected to the brake fluid reservoir by a check valve, through which a flow is possible in the direction from the brake fluid reservoir to the second power brake pressure generator, and/or by a power-operated valve. The valve is, in particular, a solenoid valve. If present, the check valve and the or also multiple power-operated valve(s) are preferably hydraulically connected in series.
- The vehicle braking system according to an example embodiment of the present invention may include one or multiple brake circuit(s), each including one or multiple wheel brake(s). For a passenger car, the vehicle braking system, in particular, includes two brake circuits, each including two wheel brakes.
- Advantageous embodiments and refinements of the present invention are disclosed herein.
- In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention, a brake pressure control valve system is provided for a preferably wheel-specific regulation of wheel brake pressures in the wheel brakes. Such brake pressure control valve systems are conventional and usually, even though this is not mandatory for the present invention, include an intake valve and a discharge valve for each wheel brake, possibly also for groups of wheel brakes or for all wheel brakes. The intake valve and the discharge valve may also be combined into one valve. In addition to the regulation of the wheel brake pressures in the wheel brakes, and thus the regulation of the wheel brake forces during braking, slip controls, such as anti-lock braking, anti-slip and vehicle dynamics controls/electronic stability programs are possible with the aid of the brake pressure control valve system, for which the abbreviations ABS, ASR and VDC/ESP are common. Vehicle dynamics control systems, which are also referred to as electronic stability programs, are also colloquially referred to as anti-skid control systems.
- In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention, the brake pressure control valve system is connected by a valve to the first power brake pressure generator and/or directly to the second power brake pressure generator so that, by closing of the valve, the brake pressure control valve system is disconnectable from the first power brake pressure generator for an actuation of the vehicle braking system with the aid of a master brake cylinder, if present, and/or with the aid of the second power brake pressure generator. The vehicle braking system according to the present invention is preferably designed in such a way that, as a result of the disconnection of the brake pressure control valve system from the first power brake pressure generator, the wheel brakes are also disconnected from the first power brake pressure generator, and the wheel brake pressures in the wheel brakes, during an actuation of the vehicle braking system, are regulatable with the aid of the master brake cylinder and/or the second power brake pressure generator.
- In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention, the wheel brakes are connected by discharge valves, which, in particular, form parts of the brake pressure control valve system, to the first power brake pressure generator and/or to the second power brake pressure generator. In the case of a reduction of wheel brake pressures in one or multiple wheel brake(s) as a result of opening of the discharge valve(s), in this embodiment of the present invention brake fluid does not flow out of the wheel brake(s) and back into the, in particular, depressurized brake fluid reservoir, but to the power brake pressure generators. In this way, the brake pressure does not need to be newly built up for a subsequent renewed increase in the wheel brake pressures, but only the existing brake pressure has to be increased.
- The vehicle braking system according to an example embodiment of the present invention preferably includes a muscle power or auxiliary force brake pressure generator, in addition to the two power brake pressure generators. “Auxiliary force” shall be understood to mean a muscle power actuation supported by a brake booster. The muscle power or auxiliary force brake pressure generator is, in particular, a master brake cylinder actuatable with the aid of a hand brake lever or a foot brake pedal, which in the case of a power actuation of the vehicle braking system serves as a setpoint generator for a brake pressure of the vehicle braking system. A muscle power or auxiliary force brake application may, in particular, be provided for the case of a malfunction or a failure of one or both power brake pressure generator(s) during a non-autonomous, but driver-guided driving.
- All features described herein and shown in the figures may be implemented in exemplary embodiments of the present invention either alone or in a generally arbitrary combination. Embodiments of the present invention which do not include all, but only one or multiple features of the present invention are generally possible.
- The present invention is described in greater detail hereafter based on one specific embodiment shown in the figure.
- The sole figure shows a hydraulic circuit diagram of an electrohydraulic power vehicle braking system according to an example embodiment of the present invention.
- The electrohydraulic power vehicle braking system 1 according to an example embodiment of the present invention shown in the figure is provided for a land vehicle driving autonomously up to Levels 4 or 5 on public roads, namely a passenger car. Level 4 means an autonomous driving, a driver possibly being prompted to intervene, and Level 5, the highest level, means an autonomous driving which does not necessitate a driver intervention. Lower levels and non-autonomous driving are possible.
- Vehicle braking system 1 according to an example embodiment of the present invention is designed as a dual-circuit braking system including four
hydraulic wheel brakes 2, of which two in each case are connected to one of the two brake circuits. - Vehicle braking system 1 includes a first power
brake pressure generator 3 and a second power brake pressure generator 4. The two powerbrake pressure generators 3, 4 are redundant, and vehicle braking system 1 may be selectively actuated with the aid of one or also both power brake pressure generator(s) 3, 4. - In the shown and described specific embodiment of the present invention, first power
brake pressure generator 3 includes a piston-cylinder unit 5, whosepiston 6 is axially displaceable in a cylinder 9 for generating a brake pressure with the aid of anelectric motor 7 via a threadeddrive 8 or another rotation/translation conversion gear. Piston-cylinder unit 5 may also be referred to as a plunger unit, andpiston 6 may be referred to as a plunger piston. In the shown and described specific embodiment of the present invention,cylinder 7 of piston-cylinder unit 5 of first powerbrake pressure generator 3 is connected directly, i.e., without interposition of a valve, to a depressurizedbrake fluid reservoir 10. -
Wheel brakes 2 are connected to first powerbrake pressure generator 3, more precisely to cylinder 9 of piston-cylinder unit 5 of first powerbrake pressure generator 3, via valves referred to asplunger valves 11 here,first separating valves 12, and a brake pressure control valve system 13. For the division into the two brake circuits, twoplunger valves 11 are hydraulically situated in parallel, twofirst separating valves 12 are also hydraulically situated in parallel, and aplunger valve 11 and a first separatingvalve 12 are each hydraulically connected in series. Via brake pressure control valve system 13, twowheel brakes 2 are in each case connected to first powerbrake pressure generator 3 via aplunger valve 11 and a first separatingvalve 12. - Second power brake pressure generator 4 includes a hydraulic pump 14, for example a piston pump or an (internal) gear pump, which together are drivable by an electric motor 15, in each brake circuit. Two of
wheel brakes 2 are in each case connected via an intake valve 16 for eachwheel brake 2 to a pressure side of one of hydraulic pumps 14. - Via a respective discharge valve 17, each of
wheel brakes 2 is connected to suction sides of hydraulic pumps 14 of second power brake pressure generator 4,wheel brakes 2 being connected via discharge valves 17 to the suction side of the same hydraulic pump 14 to whose pressure side they are connected via the intake valves 16.Hydraulic accumulators 18 are connected on the suction sides of hydraulic pumps 14 between discharge valves 17 and hydraulic pumps 14. - Viewed from the direction of the brake fluid reservoir, the suction sides of hydraulic pumps 14 of second power brake pressure generator 4 are connected to
brake fluid reservoir 10 by arespective check valve 19, through which a flow is possible in the direction frombrake fluid reservoir 10 to the respective hydraulic pump 14, and asuction valve 20, so that a brake pressure generation for actuatingwheel brakes 2 with the aid of second power brake pressure generator 4 is possible withopen suction valves 20. - The present invention is not limited to the described power
brake pressure generators 3, 4, and other embodiments of the power brake pressure generators are possible (not shown). - As described above, vehicle braking system 1 may selectively be actuated with the aid of each of the two power
brake pressure generators 3, 4 so that, in the event of a failure or a malfunction of one of the two powerbrake pressure generators 3, 4, vehicle braking system 1 may be actuated without a driver intervention by external power with the aid of the other of the two powerbrake pressure generators 3, 4. Such a redundancy of the power actuation of vehicle braking system 1 is a prerequisite for an autonomous driving at Levels 4 and 5. - Intake valves 16 and discharge valves 17 form brake pressure control valve system 13 with the aid of which the wheel brake pressures in each
wheel brake 2 may be individually regulated. Together with hydraulic pumps 14 of second power brake pressure generator 4, slip controls, in particular, anti-lock braking, anti-slip and/or a vehicle dynamics controls or an electronic stability program, are possible. The abbreviations ABS, ASR and/or VDC/ESP are common for these slip controls, and vehicle dynamics control systems and electronic stability programs are also colloquially referred to as anti-skid control systems. Such slip controls are conventional and are not discussed in greater detail here. - Vehicle braking system 1 according to the present invention includes a dual-circuit
master brake cylinder 22, actuatable with the aid of afoot brake pedal 21, as a muscle power brake pressure generator, to whichwheel brakes 2 in each brake circuit are connected in each case via asecond separating valve 23, first separatingvalves 12, and intake valves 16 of brake pressure control valve system 13, so that vehicle braking system 1 is also actuatable by muscle power by a vehicle driver. Second separatingvalves 23, first separatingvalves 12, and intake valves 16 are hydraulically situated in series. - In principle, an actuation of vehicle braking system 1 by external power is provided, a brake pressure being generated with the aid of first power
brake pressure generator 3 and, in the event of a malfunction or a failure of first powerbrake pressure generator 3, with the aid of second power brake pressure generator 4. The sequence of the brake pressure generation may also be reversed. Master brake cylinder 15 serves as a setpoint generator for the wheel brake pressures inwheel brakes 2 during a driver operation, the brake pressure being generated with the aid of one of the two powerbrake pressure generators 3, 4, and the level of the brake pressure being controlled or regulated with the aid ofpiston 6 of piston-cylinder unit 5 of first powerbrake pressure generator 3 when it generates the brake pressure and/or with the aid of brake pressure control valve system 13. During an autonomous driving, the setpoint value for the wheel brake pressures comes from an autonomous vehicle guidance. - During the driver operation, the brake pressure may be generated with the aid of second power brake pressure generator 4 or with the aid of
master brake cylinder 22 in the event of a malfunction or a failure of first powerbrake pressure generator 3. - A
pedal travel simulator 24 is connected via asimulator valve 25 tomaster brake cylinder 22 in one of the two brake circuits.Pedal travel simulator 24 is a spring-loaded hydraulic accumulator in which, with anopen simulator valve 25, brake fluid may be displaced frommaster brake cylinder 22 so that, during a power brake application during whichsecond separating valves 23 are closed, a piston inmaster brake cylinder 22 is displaceable, andfoot brake pedal 22 is movable, to convey to the vehicle driver a customary pedal sensation. - In the described and illustrated specific embodiment of the present invention,
plunger valves 11, first separatingvalves 12, intake valves 16, discharge valves 17,suction valves 20,second separating valves 23, andsimulator valve 25 are 2/2-way solenoid valves, first separatingvalves 12, intake valves 16, and second separatingvalves 23 being open in their de-energized basic positions, andplunger valves 11, discharge valves 17,suction valves 20, andsimulator valve 25 being closed in their de-energized basic positions. For the purpose of a better control quality of the wheel brake pressures, intake valves 13 are designed as proportional valves, however this is not mandatory for the present invention. Other embodiments of the valves are not precluded. For example, a combination of intake valves 16 and of discharge valves 17 into 3/2 solenoid valves is also possible (not shown).
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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DE102018222488.9A DE102018222488A1 (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | Electro-hydraulic power brake system for an autonomous land vehicle |
DE102018222488.9 | 2018-12-20 | ||
PCT/EP2019/076030 WO2020126138A1 (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2019-09-26 | Electrohydraulic, externally powered vehicle brake system for an autonomously driving land vehicle |
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US20220063577A1 true US20220063577A1 (en) | 2022-03-03 |
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US17/413,375 Pending US20220063577A1 (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2019-09-26 | Electrohydraulic power vehicle braking system for an autonomously driving land vehicle |
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US (1) | US20220063577A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP7235427B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN113165609A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102018222488A1 (en) |
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WO (1) | WO2020126138A1 (en) |
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WO2023177155A1 (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2023-09-21 | 에이치엘만도 주식회사 | Electronic brake system and operating method therefor |
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DE102020210598A1 (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2022-02-24 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Procedure for checking the availability of a hydraulic fallback level in an electronically slip-controllable power brake system; Electronic control unit for an electronically slip-controllable external power brake system and electronically slip-controllable external power brake system with an electronic control unit |
KR102484451B1 (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2023-01-02 | 현대모비스 주식회사 | Method And Apparatus for Controlling Electric Hydraulic Brake |
DE102021210748A1 (en) | 2021-09-27 | 2023-03-30 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Method for determining a leak in a closed inlet valve of a hydraulic power brake system |
DE102022209076A1 (en) | 2022-09-01 | 2024-03-07 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Method for determining an external power cylinder pressure |
DE102022209274A1 (en) | 2022-09-07 | 2024-03-07 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Method for operating a braking system |
DE102022210242A1 (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2024-03-28 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Electro-hydraulic external power vehicle braking system |
DE102022213400A1 (en) | 2022-12-09 | 2024-06-20 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Power brake pressure generator for a power brake system |
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JP7235427B2 (en) | 2023-03-08 |
MX2021007509A (en) | 2021-08-05 |
WO2020126138A1 (en) | 2020-06-25 |
KR20210104809A (en) | 2021-08-25 |
DE102018222488A1 (en) | 2020-06-25 |
CN113165609A (en) | 2021-07-23 |
JP2022512134A (en) | 2022-02-02 |
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