US20220033934A1 - Method for preparation of aluminum matrix composite - Google Patents
Method for preparation of aluminum matrix composite Download PDFInfo
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- US20220033934A1 US20220033934A1 US17/389,454 US202117389454A US2022033934A1 US 20220033934 A1 US20220033934 A1 US 20220033934A1 US 202117389454 A US202117389454 A US 202117389454A US 2022033934 A1 US2022033934 A1 US 2022033934A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910020491 K2TiF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910020261 KBF4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 22
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229910001094 6061 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910018464 Al—Mg—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009714 stir casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
- C22C1/1047—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites
- C22C1/1052—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites by mixing and casting metal matrix composites with reaction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0073—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only borides
-
- C22C2001/1052—
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the technical field of aluminum alloys, in particular to a method for preparation of an aluminum matrix composite.
- the 6061 aluminum alloy is one of the most widely applied Al—Mg—Si wrought aluminum alloys. Due to its relatively good mechanical properties, excellent corrosion resistance and good weldability and molding performance, the 6061 aluminum alloy is broadly applied to the automobile industry. With the rapid development of the automobile industry, more and more vehicle parts are made of the 6061 aluminum alloy. In the meantime, issues such as energy supply shortage and severe exhaust pollution caused by the automobile industry are becoming worse. In particular, under the strict limitations of automobile energy efficiency standards in all countries, energy conservation, environmental protection, higher driving safety and higher driving comfort become critical challenges that automobile manufacturers have to face. Given the above Situation, lightweight technology is being applied to all parts of an automobile.
- the particle enhanced aluminum matrix composite has considerable application potentials in the field of automobile parts due to its low density, high specific stiffness, high specific strength, low expansion, high heat conduction and other features.
- TiB 2 particle enhanced aluminum matrix composite In an existing in-situ synthesis technology, the method for the preparation of the TiB 2 particle enhanced aluminum matrix composite by reactions between KBF 4 and K 2 TiF 6 mixed salt and an aluminum melt is simple in process and low in cost, thereby having good industrial prospects.
- TiB 2 enhancing particles have a large size (about 1 ⁇ m), and on the other hand, TiB 2 particles may suffer a severe aggregation phenomenon. Those are the problems having to be settled urgently in the process of the preparation of the in-situ synthesis aluminum matrix composite.
- the present disclosure aims to provide a method for preparation of an aluminum matrix composite.
- the aluminum matrix composite prepared by the method contains TiB 2 particles fine in size and uniform in distribution.
- the mixed powder is dried at 200-250° C. for 2-3 h.
- an atomic ratio of Ti to B in the K 2 TiF 6 powder and the KBF 4 powder is preferably 1:2, and an addition amount of the reaction auxiliary Na 3 AlF 6 powder is 10-20% of the total mass of the reaction salt K 2 TiF 6 and the reaction salt KBF 4 .
- the speed of the mechanical agitation is 250-350 r/min, and the time for the mechanical agitation is 3-5 min.
- the speed of the mechanical agitation speed is 250-350 r/min.
- the pouring temperature is in the range of 705-710° C.
- the method for the preparation of the aluminum matrix composite of the present disclosure has the following advantages:
- the method of the present disclosure is simple in process, low in cost and beneficial for mass production, and the composite prepared by the method of the present disclosure contains TiB 2 enhancing particles fine in size and uniform in distribution and may remarkably improve mechanical performance indicators of a matrix alloy.
- the method for preparation of the aluminum matrix composite includes the following steps:
- the method of the present disclosure adopts an industrial common mixer to evenly mix reaction salts, thereby being higher in efficiency and safety, simple in process and beneficial for mass industrial production.
- the step S 1 of adding the reaction auxiliary Na 3 AlF 6 to the mixed salt accelerates the reaction rate of the mixed salt and the aluminum melt and shortens the reaction time.
- the step S 4 of scattering the mixed salt onto the surface of the melt by the powder sprayer on one hand, the contact between the mixed salt and the surface of the melt is more uniform, and compared with the means of sintering the mixed salt into cakes and adding the cakes in to the melt, the method of the present disclosure is simpler and more economical and meanwhile reduces the tendency of particle aggregation; and on the other hand, the mixed salt may react with the melt uniformly and rapidly, and thereby avoiding the severe change within a short time of the temperature of the melt during addition of a large amount of the reaction salts.
- the step S 5 of performing agitation on the melt may effectively disperse TiB 2 particles generated during in-situ synthesis, thereby avoiding particle aggregation and sedimentation.
- step S 8 of performing ultrasonic treatment on the melt on one hand, blocky aggregation of TiB 2 particles is effectively cracked by an ultrasonic cavitation effect; and on the other hand, TiB 2 particles and alloy elements are more uniformly distributed by an ultrasonic acoustic streaming effect.
- the method of the present disclosure omits procedures of ball-milling of the mixed salt, cold pressing into cakes and sintering in a mixed salt reaction method and thus improves material preparation efficiency and saves production cost. Meanwhile, firstly, a TiB 2 enhanced pure aluminum master alloy material is prepared, and then the TiB 2 enhanced 6061 aluminum alloy composite is prepared according to the method for the preparation of alloy elements as desired. This method avoids element burning loss in a direct high-temperature reaction process of the mixed salt and the 6061 aluminum alloy, and the aluminum matrix composite of different matrix compositions may be prepared as desired from the TiB 2 particle enhanced pure aluminum master alloy.
- the method for preparation of the aluminum matrix composite of the present disclosure includes the following steps:
- the traditional method for preparation of the aluminum matrix composite includes the following steps:
- step (III) immersing the compound powder sintered round billet in the step (I) into the melt in the step (II) until the billet is completely molten, controlling the reaction temperature to be 850° C., and maintaining the temperature for 30 min while not performing agitation;
- step (V) sequentially adding alloys of AlSi20, AlCr10, AlMn10, AlTi20, pure Cu, pure Zn and pure Mg to the melt in the step (IV) according to the standard composition of the 6061 aluminum alloy while maintaining the melt temperature not higher than 760° C., and maintaining the temperature at 750° C. to completely melt the alloys;
- step (VI) evenly scattering a slag-cleaning agent onto the surface of the melt in the step (V) by a powder sprayer, introducing high-purity argon with a flow rate of 3 L/h, performing mechanical agitation at a revolution speed of 300 r/min, stirring and degassing for 5 min, and then stripping off scum on the surface; and
- the method for preparation of the aluminum matrix composite of the present disclosure has the following advantages:
- the method of the present disclosure omits procedures of ball-milling of the mixed salt, cold pressing into cakes and sintering in a mixed salt reaction method and thus improves material preparation efficiency and saves production cost. Meanwhile, firstly, a TiB 2 enhanced pure aluminum master alloy material is prepared, and then the TiB 2 enhanced 6061 aluminum alloy composite is prepared according to the method for the preparation of alloy elements as desired. This method avoids element burning loss in a direct high-temperature reaction process of the mixed salt and the 6061 aluminum alloy, and the aluminum matrix composite of different matrix compositions may be prepared as desired from the TiB 2 particle enhanced pure aluminum master alloy.
- the method of the present disclosure is simple in process, low in cost and beneficial for mass production, and the composite prepared by the method of the present disclosure contains TiB 2 enhancing particles fine in size and uniform in distribution and may remarkably improve mechanical performance indicators of a matrix alloy.
- first and second are only for the aim of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features.
- the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly comprise one or more of these features.
- “a plurality of” means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless otherwise specified.
- the terms “mounted”, “joined”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, being fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrated; mechanically connected, electrically connected, mutually communicated; directly connected, indirectly connected by a medium, communication of interiors of two components or interaction of two components.
- a person of ordinary skill in the art could understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific circumstances.
Abstract
Description
- The present disclosure relates to the technical field of aluminum alloys, in particular to a method for preparation of an aluminum matrix composite.
- The 6061 aluminum alloy is one of the most widely applied Al—Mg—Si wrought aluminum alloys. Due to its relatively good mechanical properties, excellent corrosion resistance and good weldability and molding performance, the 6061 aluminum alloy is broadly applied to the automobile industry. With the rapid development of the automobile industry, more and more vehicle parts are made of the 6061 aluminum alloy. In the meantime, issues such as energy supply shortage and severe exhaust pollution caused by the automobile industry are becoming worse. In particular, under the strict limitations of automobile energy efficiency standards in all countries, energy conservation, environmental protection, higher driving safety and higher driving comfort become critical challenges that automobile manufacturers have to face. Given the above Situation, lightweight technology is being applied to all parts of an automobile. Although aluminum alloys are broadly applied to replace steel and iron materials for automobiles and realize a remarkable weight reducing effect, the bearing capacity of parts is greatly reduced while weight is largely reduced, as a result, the large-scale application of the aluminum alloys to loaded parts is limited. The particle enhanced aluminum matrix composite has considerable application potentials in the field of automobile parts due to its low density, high specific stiffness, high specific strength, low expansion, high heat conduction and other features.
- In the study on a technology for the preparation of the particle enhanced aluminum alloy composite, methods of adding reinforcements, such as powder metallurgy and stir casting, have long been used. These methods cost high, reinforcements and aluminum matrices are poor in interfacial wettability, and plasticity and toughness of materials decreases greatly, accordingly, the application of the methods to production of automobile parts is limited. An in-situ synthesis technology for the preparation of the aluminum matrix composite may effectively solve the above problems. The in-situ synthesized aluminum matrix composite has the advantages such as fine enhancing particles, clean particle and matrix interface and high compatibility that are incomparable by methods of addition. In an existing in-situ synthesis technology, the method for the preparation of the TiB2 particle enhanced aluminum matrix composite by reactions between KBF4 and K2TiF6 mixed salt and an aluminum melt is simple in process and low in cost, thereby having good industrial prospects. However, in the prior art, on one hand, TiB2 enhancing particles have a large size (about 1 μm), and on the other hand, TiB2 particles may suffer a severe aggregation phenomenon. Those are the problems having to be settled urgently in the process of the preparation of the in-situ synthesis aluminum matrix composite.
- For this purpose, the present disclosure aims to provide a method for preparation of an aluminum matrix composite. The aluminum matrix composite prepared by the method contains TiB2 particles fine in size and uniform in distribution.
- To make the objectives, the technical solution of the present disclosure is implemented as follows:
- The method for preparation of the aluminum matrix composite includes the following steps:
- S1, evenly mixing a reaction salt KBF4 powder, a reaction salt K2TiF6 powder and a reaction auxiliary Na3AlF6 powder in a V-type mixer;
- S2, drying the powder mixed in the step S1;
- S3, putting commercial purity aluminum in a resistant furnace, heating and melting the commercial purity aluminum and overheating to 800-810° C.;
- S4, upon stripping off oxide scale on the surface of the melt, evenly scattering the mixed powder in the step S2 onto the surface of the melt by a powder sprayer, melting the mixed powder to form a flux layer that floats on the surface of the melt, controlling reaction temperature, and maintaining the temperature for a certain period;
- S5, upon stripping off reaction salt residues on the surface, performing mechanical agitation on the melt;
- S6, sequentially adding alloys of Si, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ti, Zn and Mg, and maintaining the temperature for a certain period to completely melt the elements of the alloys;
- S7, evenly scattering a slag-cleaning agent onto the surface of the melt by a powder sprayer, introducing high-purity argon with a flow rate of 3 L/h, performing mechanical agitation, stirring and degassing for 5 min, and then stripping off scum on the surface;
- S8, performing ultrasonic treatment on the melt in the step S7 at an ultrasonic frequency of 20.1 KHz for 10 min; and
- S9, pouring the melt into a metal mold.
- In some embodiments, in the step S2, the mixed powder is dried at 200-250° C. for 2-3 h.
- In some embodiments, in the step S1, an atomic ratio of Ti to B in the K2TiF6 powder and the KBF4 powder is preferably 1:2, and an addition amount of the reaction auxiliary Na3AlF6 powder is 10-20% of the total mass of the reaction salt K2TiF6 and the reaction salt KBF4.
- In some embodiments, in the step S4, the reaction temperature is maintained in the range of 830-850° C. for 30-60 min.
- In some embodiments, in the step S5, the speed of the mechanical agitation is 250-350 r/min, and the time for the mechanical agitation is 3-5 min.
- In some embodiments, in the step S6, the elements Si, Cr and Mn are respectively added in the form of intermediate alloys AlSi20, AlCr10, AlMn10 and AlTi20, the elements Cu, Zn and Mg are added in the form of pure metals, and the temperature is maintained in the range of 730-750° C.
- In some embodiments, in the step S7, the speed of the mechanical agitation speed is 250-350 r/min.
- In some embodiments, in the step S9, the pouring temperature is in the range of 705-710° C.
- Compared with the prior art, the method for the preparation of the aluminum matrix composite of the present disclosure has the following advantages:
- The method of the present disclosure is simple in process, low in cost and beneficial for mass production, and the composite prepared by the method of the present disclosure contains TiB2 enhancing particles fine in size and uniform in distribution and may remarkably improve mechanical performance indicators of a matrix alloy.
- The accompanying drawings as one part of the present disclosure provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, and exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and description thereof are provided to interpret the present disclosure, but not to improperly limit the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings:
-
FIG. 1 is a structure scan electron microscope image (Mag=200 X) of an aluminum matrix composite prepared by a traditional preparation method. -
FIG. 2 is a structure scan electron microscope image (Mag=200 X) of an aluminum matrix composite prepared by a preparation method of the present disclosure. -
FIG. 3 is a structure scan electron microscope image (Mag=15.00 KX) of the aluminum matrix composite prepared by the traditional preparation method. -
FIG. 4 is a structure scan electron microscope image (Mag=15.00 KX) of the aluminum matrix composite prepared by the preparation method the present disclosure. - It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other under no conflicts.
- The technical solutions of the present disclosure will be clearly and comprehensively described as below by reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments as described herein are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, but not to represent all the embodiments. All other embodiments that those of ordinary skill in the art may acquire without making creative efforts all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
- The method for preparation of the aluminum matrix composite of the embodiments of the present disclosure is described in conjunction with the embodiments by reference to
FIGS. 1-4 as below. - The method for preparation of the aluminum matrix composite includes the following steps:
- S1, mixing KBF4 powder, K2TiF6 powder and Na3AlF6 powder in a V-type mixer for 50 min;
- S2, drying the mixed salt in a blast drying oven at a drying temperature in the range of 200-250° C. for 2-3 h;
- S3, heating and melting commercial purity aluminum in a resistant furnace, and overheating until a temperature of the melt is in the range of 800-810° C.;
- S4, after stripping off oxide scale on the surface of the melt, evenly scattering the mixed salt obtained in the step Si onto the surface of the melt in the step S3 by a powder sprayer, melting the mixed salt to form a flux layer that floats on the surface of the melt, controlling a reaction temperature to be in the range of 830-850° C., and maintaining the temperature for 30-60 min while not performing agitation;
- S5, after stripping off salt residues on the surface of the melt in the step S4, performing agitation by a graphite rotor at a revolution speed in the range of 250-350 r/min for 3-5 min;
- S6, sequentially adding alloys of AlSi20, AlCr10, AlMn10, AlTi20, pure Cu, pure Zn and pure Mg to the melt in the step S5 according to the standard composition of the 6061 aluminum alloy while maintaining the melt temperature not higher than 760° C., and maintaining the temperature at 750° C. to completely melt the alloys;
- S7, evenly scattering a slag-cleaning agent onto the surface of the melt in the step S6 by a powder sprayer, introducing high-purity argon with a flow rate of 3 L/h, performing mechanical agitation, stirring and degassing for 5 min, and then stripping off scum on the surface;
- S8, performing ultrasonic treatment on the melt in the step S7 at an ultrasonic frequency of 20.1 KHz for 10 min; and
- S9, pouring the melt obtained in the step S8 into a metal mold at a pouring temperature in the range of 705-710° C.
- Compared with an aluminum powder and reaction salt ball-milling, mixing and sintering process adopted in other preparation methods, the method of the present disclosure adopts an industrial common mixer to evenly mix reaction salts, thereby being higher in efficiency and safety, simple in process and beneficial for mass industrial production.
- The step S1 of adding the reaction auxiliary Na3AlF6 to the mixed salt accelerates the reaction rate of the mixed salt and the aluminum melt and shortens the reaction time.
- By the step S4 of scattering the mixed salt onto the surface of the melt by the powder sprayer, on one hand, the contact between the mixed salt and the surface of the melt is more uniform, and compared with the means of sintering the mixed salt into cakes and adding the cakes in to the melt, the method of the present disclosure is simpler and more economical and meanwhile reduces the tendency of particle aggregation; and on the other hand, the mixed salt may react with the melt uniformly and rapidly, and thereby avoiding the severe change within a short time of the temperature of the melt during addition of a large amount of the reaction salts.
- The step S5 of performing agitation on the melt may effectively disperse TiB2 particles generated during in-situ synthesis, thereby avoiding particle aggregation and sedimentation.
- By the step S8 of performing ultrasonic treatment on the melt, on one hand, blocky aggregation of TiB2 particles is effectively cracked by an ultrasonic cavitation effect; and on the other hand, TiB2 particles and alloy elements are more uniformly distributed by an ultrasonic acoustic streaming effect.
- The method of the present disclosure omits procedures of ball-milling of the mixed salt, cold pressing into cakes and sintering in a mixed salt reaction method and thus improves material preparation efficiency and saves production cost. Meanwhile, firstly, a TiB2 enhanced pure aluminum master alloy material is prepared, and then the TiB2 enhanced 6061 aluminum alloy composite is prepared according to the method for the preparation of alloy elements as desired. This method avoids element burning loss in a direct high-temperature reaction process of the mixed salt and the 6061 aluminum alloy, and the aluminum matrix composite of different matrix compositions may be prepared as desired from the TiB2 particle enhanced pure aluminum master alloy.
- In some embodiments, the method for preparation of the aluminum matrix composite of the present disclosure includes the following steps:
- S1, mixing 720 g of KBF4 powder, 686 g of K2TiF6 powder and 210 g of Na3AlF6 powder in a V-type mixer for 50 min;
- S2, drying the mixed salt in a blast drying oven at a drying temperature in the range of 200° C. for 2.5 h;
- S3, heating and
melting 10 Kg of commercial purity aluminum in a resistant furnace, and overheating until the temperature of the melt is 800° C.; - S4, after stripping off oxide scale on the surface of the melt, evenly scattering the mixed salt obtained in the step S2 onto the surface of the melt in the step S3 by a powder sprayer, melting the mixed salt to form a flux layer that floats on the surface of the melt, controlling a reaction temperature to be 850° C., and maintaining the temperature for 30 min while not performing agitation;
- S5, after stripping off salt residues on the surface of the melt in the step S4, performing agitation by a graphite rotor at a revolution speed of 300 r/min for 3 min;
- S6, sequentially adding alloys of AlSi20, AlCr10, AlMn10, AlTi20, pure Cu, pure Zn and pure Mg to the melt in the step S5 according to the standard composition of the 6061 aluminum alloy while maintaining a melt temperature not higher than 760° C., and maintaining the temperature at 750° C. to completely melt the alloys;
- S7, evenly scattering a slag-cleaning agent onto the surface of the melt in the step S6 by a powder sprayer, introducing high-purity argon with a flow rate of 3 L/h, performing mechanical agitation at a revolution speed of 300 r/min, stirring and degassing for 5 min, and then stripping off scum on the surface;
- S8, performing ultrasonic treatment on the melt in the step S7 at an ultrasonic frequency of 20.1 KHz for 10 min; and
- S9, pouring the material obtained in the step S8 into a metal mold at a pouring temperature of 710° C.
- The traditional method for preparation of the aluminum matrix composite includes the following steps:
- (I) ball-milling 720 g of KBF4 powder and 686 g of K2TiF6 powder in a ball mill (a ball-milling time of 2 h, a ball-material ratio of 5:1, a revolution speed of 150 r/min and a mode of reversely rotating every 10 min), drying the mixed salt in a blast drying oven at a drying temperature of 200° C. for 2.5 h, putting the dried powder into a mold cavity with an inner diameter of 150 mm to be cold-pressed into a round billet, and putting the round billet into the blast drying oven to be sintered at 300° C. for 30 min to obtain a compound powder sintered round billet;
- (II) heating and
melting 10 Kg of commercial purity aluminum in a resistant furnace, overheating until the temperature of the melt is 800° C., and stripping off oxide scale on the surface of the melt; - (III) immersing the compound powder sintered round billet in the step (I) into the melt in the step (II) until the billet is completely molten, controlling the reaction temperature to be 850° C., and maintaining the temperature for 30 min while not performing agitation;
- (IV) stripping off salt residues on the surface of the melt in the step (III);
- (V) sequentially adding alloys of AlSi20, AlCr10, AlMn10, AlTi20, pure Cu, pure Zn and pure Mg to the melt in the step (IV) according to the standard composition of the 6061 aluminum alloy while maintaining the melt temperature not higher than 760° C., and maintaining the temperature at 750° C. to completely melt the alloys;
- (VI) evenly scattering a slag-cleaning agent onto the surface of the melt in the step (V) by a powder sprayer, introducing high-purity argon with a flow rate of 3 L/h, performing mechanical agitation at a revolution speed of 300 r/min, stirring and degassing for 5 min, and then stripping off scum on the surface; and
- (VII) pouring the melt obtained in the step (VI) into a metal mold at a pouring temperature of 710° C.
-
FIG. 1 andFIG. 2 illustrate micro-structures (Mag=200 X) of TiB2/6061 aluminum matrix composites prepared in Comparative Example 1 and Embodiment 1 respectively.FIG. 3 andFIG. 4 illustrate micro-structures (Mag=15 KX) of TiB2/6061 aluminum matrix composites prepared in Comparative Example 1 and Embodiment 1 respectively. It may be illustrated by comparative analysis that in the method of the present disclosure, the mixed salt and the aluminum matrix react more thoroughly, the prepared TiB2 particles are uniformly distributed in the matrix and have a size in the range of 200-500 nm. - Compared with the prior art, the method for preparation of the aluminum matrix composite of the present disclosure has the following advantages:
- The method of the present disclosure omits procedures of ball-milling of the mixed salt, cold pressing into cakes and sintering in a mixed salt reaction method and thus improves material preparation efficiency and saves production cost. Meanwhile, firstly, a TiB2 enhanced pure aluminum master alloy material is prepared, and then the TiB2 enhanced 6061 aluminum alloy composite is prepared according to the method for the preparation of alloy elements as desired. This method avoids element burning loss in a direct high-temperature reaction process of the mixed salt and the 6061 aluminum alloy, and the aluminum matrix composite of different matrix compositions may be prepared as desired from the TiB2 particle enhanced pure aluminum master alloy.
- The method of the present disclosure is simple in process, low in cost and beneficial for mass production, and the composite prepared by the method of the present disclosure contains TiB2 enhancing particles fine in size and uniform in distribution and may remarkably improve mechanical performance indicators of a matrix alloy.
- In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “transverse”, “front”, “rear”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inner”, “outer”, and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings. The terms are only for description convenience of the present invention and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the pointed apparatuses or elements must have specific orientations or be constructed and operated in specific orientations. Therefore, the terms should not be understood to limit the present invention.
- Furthermore, the terms “first” and “second” are only for the aim of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly comprise one or more of these features. In the description of the present invention, “a plurality of” means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless otherwise specified.
- In the present invention, unless otherwise specified and defined, the terms “mounted”, “joined”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, being fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrated; mechanically connected, electrically connected, mutually communicated; directly connected, indirectly connected by a medium, communication of interiors of two components or interaction of two components. A person of ordinary skill in the art could understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific circumstances.
- The foregoing descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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RU2808313C1 (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2023-11-28 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Институт легких материалов и технологий" | Flux for modifying aluminum alloys |
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